Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Este projeto de dissertação se propõe a analisar a cooperação aeroespacial entre o Brasil e a Alemanha de 1969 a 2011 em três recortes temporais: 1969 a 1989, 1990 a 2001 e 2002 a 2011. Seguindo as bases teóricas de classificação da CID (Cooperação Internacional para o Desenvolvimento), e apoiada em pesquisa de campo conduzida em ambos os países, este trabalho apresenta um novo conceito de cooperação que, até onde a pesquisa bibliográfica aqui conduzida avaliou, constitui uma contribuição original deste trabalho: a Cooperação Complementar. A cooperação aeroespacial teuto-brasileira é pouco conhecida e divulgada, embora tenha completado vigorosas quatro décadas de exitosa existência. A conclusão de êxito desta cooperação encontrou lastro em pesquisa de campo conduzida pela autora no Brasil (IAE Instituto de Aeronáutica e Espaço) e na Alemanha (DLR Deutsche Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt), consubstanciada por quatro entrevistas (SILVA, 2011a), (SILVA, 2011c), (SILVA, 2011d) e (SILVA, 2011e) realizadas junto a importantes representantes destes dois centros. Os conhecimentos extraídos por meio destas entrevistas agregaram, no entender desta autora, importantes informações à bibliografia específica e relativamente escassa disponível em ambos os países.O êxito defendido nesta dissertação fundamenta-se não apenas na longevidade advinda dos 40 anos de existência desta Cooperação, na sua capacidade de renovação e na complementaridade atingida, mas sobretudo pela consecução dos diversos objetivos técnico-científicos integrantes do escopo do referido Tratado, muitos dos quais responsáveis por importantes desdobramentos de tecnologias em outras áreas do saber, tais como o projeto DEBRA 25 (SCHUSTER, 2011), de energia eólica, e o projeto VLS (Veículo Lançador de Satélites), que utiliza como seus motores os foguetes desenvolvidos no escopo desta Cooperação. / This dissertation project aims to analyze aerospace cooperation between Brazil and Germany during 1969 to 2011 in three periods identified in this study: 1969-1989, 1990-2001 and 2002-2011. Following the theoretical classification of the ICD (International Cooperation for Development) and supported by field research conducted in both countries, this paper presents a new concept of cooperation that, to the extent of the author understanding on the subject, is a original contribution of this work: the Complementary Cooperation.The Teutonic-Brazilian aerospace cooperation is not well known, even after completing vigorous four decades of successful existence. The conclusion that this cooperation is successful is based on field research conducted by the author in Brazil (IAE Institute of Aeronautics and Space) and Germany (DLR Deutsche Zentrum für Luft-und Raumfahrt) embodied by four interviews (SILVA, 2011a), (SILVA, 2011c), (SILVA, 2011d) and (SILVA, 2011e) conducted with key representatives of these two centers. The knowledge obtained on these interviews added, in the opinion of this author, important information to the specific and relatively scarce literature available in both countries.The success defended in this dissertation is based not only on the longevity of 40 years of existence of this cooperation, on its capacity for renewal itself, and on the complementarily achieved, but also for achieving various scientific-technical goals belonging to the scope of that Agreement, many of which are responsible for important technological developments in other areas such as the DEBRA 25 project (SCHUSTER, 2011), that deals with wind power, and the VLS (Satellite Launch Vehicle) project, that uses as motor the rockets developed within this Cooperation.

A identidade compartilhada de países em desenvolvimento confere ao Brasil e à República Popular da China interesses similares no cenário internacional e fortalece os elementos que compõem a relação bilateral, consolidando o caráter estratégico dessa parceria. A complementaridade econômica impulsiona os fluxos comerciais e os investimentos entre esses Países. O anseio pelo estabelecimento de uma nova ordem política e econômica, favorável à realização dos projetos nacionais de desenvolvimento econômico e social, estimula a aproximação e a cooperação em fóruns multilaterais, como na Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU) e na Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC). A extensão dos campos de cooperação para outras áreas estratégicas, como a ciência e tecnologia, remete ganhos substanciais à indústria, à economia e à comunidade científica dos Países. A parceria estratégica entre o Brasil e a China está centrada nesses aspectos, que podem ser sintetizados em três vertentes: econômica e comercial; política; e científico-tecnológica. Essas vertentes não esgotam a realidade e a capacidade de cooperação entre os Países, mas constituem as áreas que apresentam os resultados mais significativos. Essa dissertação propõe uma leitura sobre as contribuições da política externa brasileira à parceria estratégica, durante o governo Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995-2002) e durante os três primeiros anos de governo Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (2003-2005), com base na evolução das três vertentes. / The shared identity of developing countries remits to Brazil and the People`s Republic of China similar interests on the international scene and strengthens the elements that compose the bilateral relation, consolidating the strategic character of this partnership. The economic complementarity drives on the commercial flow and the investments between these Countries. The craving for the establishment of a new political and economic order, favorable to the accomplishment of the national projects of social and economic development, stimulates the approximation and the cooperation on multilateral forums, such as United Nations (UN) and World Trade Organization (WTO). The extension of the cooperation fields to other strategic areas, such as science and technology, remits substantial gains for the Countries industry, economy, and scientific community. The strategic partnership between Brazil and China relies on these aspects, which can be summarized into three tracks: trade and economics; political; and scientific-technological. These tracks do not exhaust the reality and the capability of cooperation between the Countries, although they present the most significant results. This dissertation proposes a reading about the Brazilian foreign policy contributions for the strategic partnership, during Fernando Henrique Cardoso`s government (1995-2002) and the first three years of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva`s government (2003-2005), based on the evolutions of these tracks.

International cooperation and foreign investment issues are two important components of an international economy. The various aspects of research related to such international cooperation and foreign investment decisions are fraught with various complex factors. In this thesis, we consider two specific issues in the arena of international technological cooperation and foreign investments, by using established Operations Research techniques of game theory and multiple criteria decision making. We first analyze regional technological cooperation mechanisms using classical game theory. A concept of regional technological cooperation is developed based on a cooperative game theoretic model, in which a plan of payoff distributions induces an agreement that is acceptable to each participant. Under certain conditions, the underlying game is shown to be convex, and hence to have a nonempty core with the Shapley value allocations belonging to the core. A compensation scheme is devised based on the Shapley value allocations, whereby participants who enjoy a greater payoff with respect to the technological cooperation compensate the participants who receive a relatively lesser payoff via cooperation. In this manner, regional technological cooperation can bring overall benefits to all the involved players in the game. Some insightful examples are provided to illustrate the methodological concept. Next, we discuss a model for analyzing foreign direct investment opportunities and for evaluating related projects based on the International Investment Attracting Force Theory and the technology of fuzzy evaluation. This model is applied to assess the industrial investment projects that were proposed in the â â 95 China's Tumen River Area International Investment and Business Forumâ funded by the United Nations Industrial Development Organization. Accordingly, the projects are classified into groups based on their potential to attract foreign investors. Furthermore, we simulate the actual forming process whereby projects are sequenced and selected for funding by foreign investors based on a sequential update of their effect on the local economy. The results provide a scientific basis for formulating related decisions and policy recommendations regarding the various proposed projects. / Master of Science

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:05:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Otavio da Cruz de Oliveira Castro.pdf: 2346806 bytes, checksum: 048d83069be21835baa8b6fc6ef7f689 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-09 / A construção civil contribui atualmente com 27% do PIB capixaba, gerando 65 mil empregos formais, além de possuir um alto potencial de geração de emprego e de empreendedorismo. No entanto, é um setor de evolução tecnológica bastante lenta se comparada à indústria de transformação. O objetivo da pesquisa foi realizar uma análise das práticas de cooperação tecnológica no setor da construção civil no Estado do Espírito Santo no intuito de propor um conjunto de ações estratégicas que promovessem a melhoria da competitividade do setor por meio da introdução de ações de estímulo à inovação tecnológica. Para tanto, procedeu-se à avaliação de 30 empresas construtoras da região metropolitana de Vitória e do mesmo número de professores e pesquisadores da academia, gerentes de órgãos de fomento e gestores de empresas públicas, relacionados com o tema. A escolha da área da construção civil se deve tanto à sua relevância no desenvolvimento econômico do país quanto à sua contribuição para a população. A abordagem metodológica desenhada se baseou em estudo de caso, revisão bibliográfica, aplicação de questionários e entrevistas e avaliação e tratamento estatístico dos dados levantados. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram o distanciamento entre academia e mercado e entre academia e setor público; a falta de integração entre agentes do setor da construção civil; a dificuldade de acesso ao conhecimento; o conservadorismo dos agentes do setor da construção civil; a visão de curto prazo das empresas do setor; as limitações da base legal de estímulo a C,T&I; as limitações na infraestrutura para C,T&I, nas áreas de laboratórios e recursos financeiros e limitações de C,T&I em termos de recursos humanos. Existe um conjunto de condicionantes fortes que ultrapassam o poder de decisão e de influência das empresas individualmente, dificultando e limitando a disseminação e a absorção dessas inovações, relacionadas a fatores de caráter sistêmico, internos às empresas, e estrutural. Para a superação dos entraves identificados, objetivando catalisar a cooperação para a inovação na construção civil, ocorreram propostas de algumas ações que, mesmo não sendo definitivas, deverão evoluir para possível definição no que tange à metodologia a ser adotada, ao levantamento de custos e a outras informações necessárias, com base em projetos cooperativos a serem discutidos com todos os interessados. Adicionalmente, houve sugestão de linhas de pesquisa para o desenvolvimento da cooperação de inovação, na construção civil / Currently, the civil construction contributes with 27% of gross domestic product (GDP) from the State of Espírito Santo generating 65,000 formal jobs, in addition to have a high potential for generating jobs and entrepreneurship. However, is an industry of technological evolution quite slow when compared to the processing industry. The aim of this work was to carry out an analysis of the technological cooperation practices for innovation in the civil construction sector at the State of Espírito Santo and to purpose a set of strategic actions promoting improvement of the competitiveness of the sector through introduction of technological cooperation practices for innovation. To this end, it was proceeded to the evaluation of 30 construction companies in the metropolitan region of Vitória and the same number of professors and researchers of the Academy, managers of the development agencies and managers of the public companies, all related to the subject. The choice of the field of civil construction is due to both its relevance on economic development of the Brazil and its contribution to population. The methodological approach designed was based on case study; literature review; application of questionnaires and interviews, and assessment and statistical treatment of the data surveyed. The obtained results confirmed the gap between the Academy and the market and between the Academy and the public sector; the lack of integration among agents of the civil construction; the difficulty of access to the knowledge; the conservatism of the agents of the civil construction; the short-term view of the companies of this sector; the limitations of legal basis of stimulating ST&I; the limitations in infrastructure for ST&I in laboratories, financial and human resources. There are a number of strong restrictions that go beyond the decision-making power and influence of the companies individually, making difficult and limiting dissemination and absorption of these innovations, which are related to factors of systemic character, interns to companies, and structural factors. For overcoming the obstacles identified, aiming to catalyze cooperation for innovation in civil construction, they are purposed some actions which, although not definitive, should evolve into potential definition with respect to the methodology to be adopted, the survey of costs and the other necessary information based on cooperative projects to be discussed with all stakeholders. Additionally, they are suggested research lines for the development of innovation cooperation

台灣高科技公司的技術來源主要有兩種途徑，一是自行或共同研發，另一種就是直接移轉量產技術。台灣高科技公司建構生產線的資金來源不外乎獨資或合資生產。因此，台灣動態記憶體產業與國際各大廠之間的技術互動，影響了臺灣動態記憶體產業發展。 本研究採用個案探討之方式，參考知識管理及智慧資本存量的構面，同時將組織由外部及內部輸入資源的機制一起考慮，以 (1)、智慧資本的存量，(2)、有助於累積智慧資本的知識管理相關之組織活動及組織系統 (知識管理四大構面)，兩大類別來分析個案公司。 個案分析中的兩家台灣動態記憶體公司，分別採用不同營運策略模式，以兩種不同類型的技術引進方式，累積本身的核心能力；一家採用與結盟公司共同研發，另一家採用合資及移轉生產技術。 本研究經由訪談、實際案例等方法推演出個案，藉此比較不同營運策略的兩家公司，在知識管理構面和智慧資本存量的差異，並提出分析討論。 本研究發現，營運策略模式的選擇，對公司的知識管理構面和智慧資本存量會產生影響，主要發現這兩家公司有下述的異同，不同的營運策略模式的選擇，會使得兩家公司有下述的差異： (1)、關係資本存量不同，(2)、結構資本存量不同，(3)、獲取外界技術的途徑不同，(4)、取得知識的機制不同，(5)、輸入技術知識的外部來源不同，(6)、創造與整合量產技術的方式不同，(7)、內隱技術知識蓄積的手法不同，(8)、導入生產與整合新技術時機有差異，(9)、在知識創造的過程中，科層組織與專案組織兩者是不可或缺的，但運作方式及目的並不相同，(10)、有相似的知識市集形態，但內容有些差異；技術性的研討活動及組織人員輪調，有利於研發環境的培養。 除了上述較大的差異外，兩家公司在下述知識管理構面也有些相近的地方，但內容因策略選擇而有些差異： (1)、管理外顯知識蓄積的手法相近，(2)、解決問題之手法相似，(3)、運用系統化的管理方式，將分散各地的人力資本所擁有之資訊和智慧，轉化成組織性的知識。 本研究最後並提出一些實務上與後續研究上的建議。 / There are two major technology sources of Taiwan Hi-Tech companies, first, they develop technology by themselves or joint develop technology with technical cooperation partners; second, they transfer the production technology directly from technical cooperation partners. They set up their production line either by themselves or joint venture with other companies. So the technology alliance relationship between Taiwan DRAM companies and world wide major DRAM supplier will affect the long term development of Taiwan DRAM industry. This research takes the utilization of internal and external resources of the organization into consideration and focus on the knowledge management and the intellectual capital constructs of a company. I base on the following two categories to analyze the cases: (1) the stock of the intellectual capital, (2) the knowledge management related organizations and activities contributing to accumulate the intelligence capital (four major constructs of knowledge management). The research takes two Taiwan DRAM companies as an example; the two companies have different operation strategy and different technology implementation strategy to accumulate their core compentance. One company joint develops technology with technical cooperation partners; another company sets up the joint venture production line and transfers the production technology directly from technical cooperation partners. This research digs deeply into these two companies and wishes to find some useful clues to compare and explain the differences between these two differerent operational strategy companies about the constructs of the knowledge management and intellectual capital. This research finds the selection of the operation strategy will affect the constructs of the knowledge management and intellectual capital; the differences can be summarized as bellow: (1) the stock of relational capital is different, (2) the stock of structual capital is different, (3) the ways to get external technology are different, (4) the mechanisms of making knowledge are different, (5) the external sources of inputting technology knowledge are different, (6) the ways to create and integrate production technology are different, (7) the tactics that accumulate tacit technical knowledge are different, (8) the time to implement technology to mass production and integrate new technology is different, (9) while knowledge creation stage, the hierarchical organization and project team are both needed, but the operation method and purpose are not the same, (10) having the similar knowledge market, but the content is different; Technical workshop and job rotation are good for the research and development environment. Beside the above major differences, there are some similar knowledge management constructs, but the contents are different: (1) The tactics of managing explicit knowledge are similar, (2) the tactics of problem solving are similar, (3) to transfer the information and intelligence everywhere into the organization knowledge by using the systematic management tactics. Finally, this research proposes some suggestions for working level and future study reference.