A inovação em saúde é caracterizada por uma forte interação com o setor de ciência e tecnologia. O crescente interesse pela internacionalização das atividades de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (P&D) conduz ao questionamento sobre as oportunidades em função das interações com outros países, como mecanismo para a construção de capacidades nacionais de inovação. Conforme os ensaios clínicos atravessaram as fronteiras nacionais, alcançando uma expressão global, as redes de relações entre os atores envolvidos torna-ram-se cada vez mais complexas e apresentam-se como uma possibilidade para a carac-terização da interação dos sistemas nacionais de inovação no plano global, particular-mente a partir do ponto de vista da produção de atividades de ciência, tecnologia e inovação em saúde. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estudar a expansão global de ensaios clíni-cos a fim de se mapear os possíveis padrões de conexão entre os países participantes, especificamente identificando a inserção do Brasil. Os métodos empregados incluíram pesquisa bibliográfica, análise de dados secundários, análise de redes sociais e entrevistas semiestruturadas com atores relacionados com a condução de ensaios clínicos no Brasil. Constata-se uma crescente interdependência dos sistemas nacionais de inovação, reque-rendo novas estruturas internacionais de inovação. Surgem novas oportunidades para a produção e a difusão internacional do conhecimento. Os ensaios clínicos promovem e requerem a interação entre empresas, universidades e instâncias governamentais, revelando-se como um elemento estratégico para a estruturação dos sistemas nacionais de inovação em saúde / Health innovation has been characterized by strong interaction with the science and technology sector. The growing interest in the internationalization of Research and Develop-ment (R&D) activities leads to a reflection on opportunities, in relation to connections among countries, as a mechanism for building national innovation capacities. Clinical trials have crossed national boundaries. As a result, the networks between the actors in-volved have become increasingly complex. That could be a possibility for characterizing the interaction of national innovation systems at the global level, particularly from the production of Science, Technology and Innovations activities in the health sector. The aim of this study was to assess the global expansion of clinical trials in order to map possible patterns of interaction among participating countries. The methods used included bibliographic research, secondary data analysis, social network analysis and semi-structured interviews with actors related to the conduction of clinical trials in Brazil. A growing interdependence of national innovation systems is based on new international inno-vation structures. New opportunities for the international diffusion of knowledge and production has been created. Clinical trials promote and require connections among firms, universities and government. Therefore, they represent a strategic element for national health innovation systems structuration

Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T14:10:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marcelo Rocha e Silva Zorovich.pdf: 1492239 bytes, checksum: 0fa523647b63b49d42fbf11c0a92cf30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-18 / The objective of this project is to verify which factors influence the formation of Centers of Excellence (COEs) in the Brazilian automotive industry. Specifically, the influence of the Innovation, the Business Network, the Technical Network, the Business Context as well as the Acquisition of Technology were analyzed. The proposed methodology was based on a quantitative research, through the application of a Survey along with the suppliers of the automotive industry. The statistical technique of Multiple Linear Regression model was used for data analysis by having the COEs as the dependent variable. Based on 91 questionnaires answered, the results conclude that the activities related to innovation, as well as the Acquisition of Technology and the Business Context contribute to the formation of COEs, rejecting the hypothesis related to the Technical Network and the Business Context in which the companies are inserted in. / O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar quais fatores influenciam a formação de Centros de Excelência na indústria automobilística brasileira. Especificamente, verificou-se a influência da Inovação, da Rede de Negócios, da Rede Técnica, do Contexto de Negócios bem como da Aquisição de Tecnologia. A metodologia proposta teve como base o método de pesquisa quantitativo, do tipo Survey, com aplicação junto aos fornecedores da indústria automobilística. Utilizou-se a técnica estatística de Regressão Linear Múltipla para a análise de dados, tendo os Centros de Excelência (COEs) como variável dependente. Com 91 questionários respondidos, o estudo conclui que as atividades ligadas à Inovação, à Aquisição de Tecnologia e à Rede de Negócios contribuem para a formação de COEs, rejeitando-se as hipóteses ligadas à Rede Técnica e ao Contexto de Negócios em que as subsidiárias estão inseridas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-13T14:10:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MARCELO ROCHA E SILVA ZOROVICH.pdf: 1492239 bytes, checksum: 0fa523647b63b49d42fbf11c0a92cf30 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-18 / The objective of this project is to verify which factors influence the formation of Centers of Excellence (COEs) in the Brazilian automotive industry. Specifically, the influence of the Innovation, the Business Network, the Technical Network, the Business Context as well as the Acquisition of Technology were analyzed. The proposed methodology was based on a quantitative research, through the application of a Survey along with the suppliers of the automotive industry. The statistical technique of Multiple Linear Regression model was used for data analysis by having the COEs as the dependent variable. Based on 91 questionnaires answered, the results conclude that the activities related to innovation, as well as the Acquisition of Technology and the Business Context contribute to the formation of COEs, rejecting the hypothesis related to the Technical Network and the Business Context in which the companies are inserted in. / O objetivo deste trabalho é verificar quais fatores influenciam a formação de Centros de Excelência na indústria automobilística brasileira. Especificamente, verificou-se a influência da Inovação, da Rede de Negócios, da Rede Técnica, do Contexto de Negócios bem como da Aquisição de Tecnologia. A metodologia proposta teve como base o método de pesquisa quantitativo, do tipo Survey, com aplicação junto aos fornecedores da indústria automobilística. Utilizou-se a técnica estatística de Regressão Linear Múltipla para a análise de dados, tendo os Centros de Excelência (COEs) como variável dependente. Com 91 questionários respondidos, o estudo conclui que as atividades ligadas à Inovação, à Aquisição de Tecnologia e à Rede de Negócios contribuem para a formação de COEs, rejeitando-se as hipóteses ligadas à Rede Técnica e ao Contexto de Negócios em que as subsidiárias estão inseridas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:05:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Otavio da Cruz de Oliveira Castro.pdf: 2346806 bytes, checksum: 048d83069be21835baa8b6fc6ef7f689 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-09 / A construção civil contribui atualmente com 27% do PIB capixaba, gerando 65 mil empregos formais, além de possuir um alto potencial de geração de emprego e de empreendedorismo. No entanto, é um setor de evolução tecnológica bastante lenta se comparada à indústria de transformação. O objetivo da pesquisa foi realizar uma análise das práticas de cooperação tecnológica no setor da construção civil no Estado do Espírito Santo no intuito de propor um conjunto de ações estratégicas que promovessem a melhoria da competitividade do setor por meio da introdução de ações de estímulo à inovação tecnológica. Para tanto, procedeu-se à avaliação de 30 empresas construtoras da região metropolitana de Vitória e do mesmo número de professores e pesquisadores da academia, gerentes de órgãos de fomento e gestores de empresas públicas, relacionados com o tema. A escolha da área da construção civil se deve tanto à sua relevância no desenvolvimento econômico do país quanto à sua contribuição para a população. A abordagem metodológica desenhada se baseou em estudo de caso, revisão bibliográfica, aplicação de questionários e entrevistas e avaliação e tratamento estatístico dos dados levantados. Os resultados obtidos confirmaram o distanciamento entre academia e mercado e entre academia e setor público; a falta de integração entre agentes do setor da construção civil; a dificuldade de acesso ao conhecimento; o conservadorismo dos agentes do setor da construção civil; a visão de curto prazo das empresas do setor; as limitações da base legal de estímulo a C,T&I; as limitações na infraestrutura para C,T&I, nas áreas de laboratórios e recursos financeiros e limitações de C,T&I em termos de recursos humanos. Existe um conjunto de condicionantes fortes que ultrapassam o poder de decisão e de influência das empresas individualmente, dificultando e limitando a disseminação e a absorção dessas inovações, relacionadas a fatores de caráter sistêmico, internos às empresas, e estrutural. Para a superação dos entraves identificados, objetivando catalisar a cooperação para a inovação na construção civil, ocorreram propostas de algumas ações que, mesmo não sendo definitivas, deverão evoluir para possível definição no que tange à metodologia a ser adotada, ao levantamento de custos e a outras informações necessárias, com base em projetos cooperativos a serem discutidos com todos os interessados. Adicionalmente, houve sugestão de linhas de pesquisa para o desenvolvimento da cooperação de inovação, na construção civil / Currently, the civil construction contributes with 27% of gross domestic product (GDP) from the State of Espírito Santo generating 65,000 formal jobs, in addition to have a high potential for generating jobs and entrepreneurship. However, is an industry of technological evolution quite slow when compared to the processing industry. The aim of this work was to carry out an analysis of the technological cooperation practices for innovation in the civil construction sector at the State of Espírito Santo and to purpose a set of strategic actions promoting improvement of the competitiveness of the sector through introduction of technological cooperation practices for innovation. To this end, it was proceeded to the evaluation of 30 construction companies in the metropolitan region of Vitória and the same number of professors and researchers of the Academy, managers of the development agencies and managers of the public companies, all related to the subject. The choice of the field of civil construction is due to both its relevance on economic development of the Brazil and its contribution to population. The methodological approach designed was based on case study; literature review; application of questionnaires and interviews, and assessment and statistical treatment of the data surveyed. The obtained results confirmed the gap between the Academy and the market and between the Academy and the public sector; the lack of integration among agents of the civil construction; the difficulty of access to the knowledge; the conservatism of the agents of the civil construction; the short-term view of the companies of this sector; the limitations of legal basis of stimulating ST&I; the limitations in infrastructure for ST&I in laboratories, financial and human resources. There are a number of strong restrictions that go beyond the decision-making power and influence of the companies individually, making difficult and limiting dissemination and absorption of these innovations, which are related to factors of systemic character, interns to companies, and structural factors. For overcoming the obstacles identified, aiming to catalyze cooperation for innovation in civil construction, they are purposed some actions which, although not definitive, should evolve into potential definition with respect to the methodology to be adopted, the survey of costs and the other necessary information based on cooperative projects to be discussed with all stakeholders. Additionally, they are suggested research lines for the development of innovation cooperation

In this thesis, the improvement to relevance in computerized search results is studied. Information search tools return ranked lists of documents ordered by the relevance of the documents to the user supplied search. Using a small number of words and phrases to represent complex ideas and concepts causes user search queries to be information sparse. This sparsity challenges search tools to locate relevant documents for users. A review of the challenges to information searches helps to identify the problems and offer suggestions in improving current information search tools. Using the suggestions put forth by the Strategic Workshop on Information Retrieval in Lorne (SWIRL), a composite scoring approach (Composite Scorer) is developed. The Composite Scorer considers various aspects of information needs to improve the ranked results of search by returning records relevant to the user’s information need. The Florida Fusion Center (FFC), a local law enforcement agency has a need for a more effective information search tool. Daily, the agency processes large amounts of police reports typically written as text documents. Current information search methods require inordinate amounts of time and skill to identify relevant police reports from their large collection of police reports. An experiment conducted by FFC investigators contrasted the composite scoring approach against a common search scoring approach (TF/IDF). In the experiment, police investigators used a custom-built software interface to conduct several use case scenarios for searching for related documents to various criminal investigations. Those expert users then evaluated the results of the top ten ranked documents returned from both search scorers to measure the relevance to the user of the returned documents. The evaluations were collected and measurements used to evaluate the performance of the two scorers. A search with many irrelevant documents has a cost to the users in both time and potentially in unsolved crimes. A cost function contrasted the difference in cost between the two scoring methods for the use cases. Mean Average Precision (MAP) is a common method used to evaluate the performance of ranked list search results. MAP was computed for both scoring methods to provide a numeric value representing the accuracy of each scorer at returning relevant documents in the top-ten documents of a ranked list of search results. The purpose of this study is to determine if a composite scoring approach to ranked lists, that considers multiple aspects of a user’s search, can improve the quality of search, returning greater numbers of relevant documents during an information search. This research contributes to the understanding of composite scoring methods to improve search results. Understanding the value of composite scoring methods allows researchers to evaluate, explore and possibly extend the approach, incorporating other information aspects such as word and document meaning.

高科技產業是目前台灣繼紡織工業、機械工業後引領台灣近三十年來產業發展的主流產業，其中又以ICT（Information & Communications Technology）產業是台灣高科技產業的代表。但高科技產業特徵是快速的變化，並不斷經過創新技術的發展，加劇其變化的速度，要有能力在高科技產業中持續發展，對市場趨勢、核心能力的掌握、新技術發展、人才養成、垂直整合能力、水平產業整合能力等皆需具備，才有機會在高科技產業中生存及發展。因此如何掌握企業本身的核心能力、檢視整體供應鏈價值，並提出適合之企業經營與競合策略，便是能否在高科技產業中持續發展的關鍵因素了。 觸控面板產業自2007年Apple正式推出iPhone後，觸控面板有了急速成長的開端。其中台灣在觸控面板的供應鏈中佔有超過50%的產值，是台灣在全球的又一個世界第一，值得期待，而本研究的主題”捲揚式真空濺鍍產業”正是觸控面板業中的關鍵材料製造技術。但在台灣創造另一個第一的同時，細部去分析此類產品供應鏈的成本結構，獲利最高的並非台灣廠商而是日本廠商，那麼如何提高台灣廠商在觸控面板產業的價值，答案就在如何洞悉產業及如合運用創新與競合的經營策略了。 / A high-tech industry is a mainstream industry. In Taiwan, the machinery industry is second only to the textile industry as the leading industry over three decades of industrial development. Within the machinery industry, the Information & Communications Technology (ICT) industry is representative of Taiwan's high-tech industry. However, the high-tech industry is characterised by rapid change, which results in the continuous development of innovative technologies. These changes enable companies to sustain technological development, grasp market trends, enhance core competencies, develop talent, gain vertical integration capability, and improve their chances of survival and growth in the high-technology industry. Therefore, the key to sustainable development of the high-tech industry lies in mastering the core competencies of the enterprise itself, considering the value of the overall supply chain, and adopting a suitable competition and cooperation strategy for the business. Since 2007, there has been significant growth in the touch panel industry with the official launch of the Apple iPhone. This study on the“winch vacuum sputtering industry”focuses on the Taiwan based touch panel supply chain, which is a world leader and accounts for 50% of national output value,to assess the key materials in manufacturing technology. However, establishing another successful industry in Taiwan requires additional data to analyse the cost structure of the supply chain of such products and requires assessing Japanese manufacturers in addition to the most profitable Taiwanese companies. Hence, insights from the business strategies of innovating/competing industries is likely to improve the value of Taiwanese touch panel manufacturers.

Many philosophical subjects attempt to analyze the basis of human welfare. Theories of desert, distribution of property, and happiness tend to dominate philosophical discourse. Mental credit, which is the mental acquisition of credit for one’s accomplishments and the satisfaction one derives from this credit, is absent from this discourse despite its underlying role in the way people think about their lives. Mental credit is an eternal cognitive good that deserves thoughtful attention and pious decisions for implementation. The following theory of mental credit seeks to serve as a unifying theory for the mental calculations that guide life’s most imperative decisions, satisfaction, and impact one has on the world.

Questo studio vuole illustrare le possibilità di sviluppo dell’industria del venture capital nei mercati emergenti. Il venture capital rappresenta un’alternativa importante per le imprese emergenti dei paesi in via di sviluppo, contribuendo a rafforzare uno sviluppo integrato di tutto il sistema finanziario e dei suoi attori principali quali le istituzioni bancarie tradizionali, i fondi d’investimento ed il mercato dei capitali. L’obiettivo principale del progetto consiste nell’identificare gli attori principali, e gli investimenti target, così come le esperienze più significative, analizzando i fattori critici e mettendo a fuco azioni e programmi utili per attirare investitori di venture capital, accrescere la conoscenza di questi strumenti e superare i maggiori ostacoli al fine di massimizzare l’impatto che l’industria del venture capital può avere nel rafforzare la crescita industriale a livello paese. Il lavoro comprende alcune analisi empiriche nell’ambito dell’area arabo-mediterranea, svolte con l’obiettivo di facilitare partnership ed accrescere investimenti tra i paesi scelti ed i paesi europei. Commenti, spunti e proposte presentate nella parte finale del lavoro sono il frutto di un attento studio degli attori e fattori chiave che contraddistinguono le operazioni di venture capital. Le proposte ed i programmi suggeriti cercano di rispondere alle esigenze e necessità individuate nel corso delle analisi empiriche che sono state svolte trascorrendo lunghi periodi a contatto con gli imprenditori, investitori e funzionari locali. Le analisi empiriche sullo sviluppo dell’industria del venture capital a livello paese sono state svolte in: Giordania, Palestina, Egitto, Israele e Tunisia. / This research aims to verify development of venture capital in emerging markets. Venture capital represents an important alternative to emerging businesses in developing countries by increasing the strength of the entire financial system and its key players, from traditional banking institutions and investment funds, to stock market capital. The project’s main goal is to identify key actors, investment targets, and experiences as well as aiming at analyzing critical factors and conceptualizing related actions pertinent to becoming more competitive in attracting venture capital investors, developing know-how, overcoming barriers, and maximizing the impact venture capital industry may have on industrial growth. The project is focused on the Arab-Mediterranean region seeking to foster partnership and facilitate investment among European and Arab-Mediterranean countries. The comments, ideas, and proposals presented in the final part of the work come from a careful study of the key issues and players exemplified by the operation of venture capital. The findings are also the result of observations made at the end of country-level empirical analyses where much time has been spent in contact with entrepreneurs, investors, and local officials. Country Empirical Analyses on Venture Capital industry development are being carried out in Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Tunis and Israel.

Un banco del tiempo (BDT) es el nombre formal que se le da a unas instituciones comunitarias que operan con horas de tiempo personal y laboral como moneda oficial. Son sistemas organizados de moneda social que permiten a sus usuarios intercambiar su propio tiempo y destreza en forma de créditos de servicio. La unidad de moneda es una hora de trabajo. Los BDT son parte de la categoría de moneda alternativa social y representan una evolución moderna de entidades clásicas como los trueques. Los BDT valoran conceptos como compartir, igualdad y mutualismo. Así, funcionan como un sistema alternativo a los bancos tradicionales, y pueden así complementar a la moneda oficial de un país. El mercado no valora o recompensa muchos tipos de trabajo imperativo, como criar niños, constituir familias fuertes, revitalizar vecindarios y preservar el medio ambiente entre otros. Los BDT proveen un vehículo para recompensar, honrar y registrar este tipo de trabajo imperativo. Un caso contemporáneo que retrata perfectamente la implementación y los beneficios de los BDT se encuentra con España. En este país, los BDT se están usando para combatir los efectos de su reciente recesión y la crisis económica de los últimos seis años. Esta tesis tiene el propósito de examinar los beneficios de la adopción progresiva de los bancos del tiempo por todo el mundo, y en ella se analizará el caso de España como modelo ideal. Ya que estos bancos constituyen instituciones bastante nuevas, el propósito principal es estudiarlos para promover más investigación.

This senior thesis in environmental analysis explores the promise of sustainability of the sharing economy, its shortcomings from this positive potential, and possible policy solutions to help it reach its fullest, positive potential. At its core, the sharing economy enables shared access to goods and services that would otherwise sit in idle or underutilized capacity – popular platforms such as Uber, Lyft, Airbnb, and craigslist all fall within the sharing economy. By enabling affordable and convenient access to goods that would otherwise sit idle, the sharing economy encourages maximal use of a good that already exists rather than seeking out the production of new goods to meet demand. Unfortunately, as it grows, the sharing economy moves away from this key environmental promise because of two central challenges: first, a shift away from maximal resource use, the central pillar of its promise of sustainability, and second, negative side effects that arise from a lack of regulation of the decentralized economy. Therefore, appropriate public policy is needed to both regulate the decentralized economy to minimize negative behaviors and to encourage the positive behaviors of the sharing economy.