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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Esther och Harry handlar för miljön : En genomförandebeskrivning och utvärdering

Gustavsson, Hanna, Olsson, Sandra January 2009 (has links)
Vi har gjort en barnbok med syftet att de yngsta barnen, på ettlustfyllt och vardagsnära vis, ska få ett intresse- och en inblick i detkretslopp som konsumtion och avfall utgör. Vi tycker att justkonsumtionens påverkan på miljön och främst klimatförändringarär ett aktuellt ämne och att barnboken som form är ett bra sätt attundervisa barn med. Vår bok vänder sig till barn i sexårsåldern.Processen har inkluderat faktainsamling som vår bok grundar sig i,kontinuerlig kontakt med barngrupp samt förskollärare sommålsättning att bokens innehåll ska tilltala den tänkta målgruppen.Resultatet av vårt arbete utvärderades tillsammans med fyra styckenlärare som i lugn och ro fått använda- och granskat boken. Vid ettutvärderingsseminarium samtalade vi kring hur de upplevt boken.Responsen var mycket positiv. Sammanfattningsvis kan vi draslutsatsen att en barnbok i berättande form är ett mycket bra medeldå man vill förmedla kunskaper, om avfall och konsumtion i ettkretslopp, till barn.
22

Analysis of behavioral changes due to the Stockholm Congestion Charge Trial

Becker, Thilo January 2008 (has links)
<p>The Stockholm Congestion Tax Trial is one of the few projects where an automatic system was implemented to tax road vehicles in order to reduce congestion. The taxation period lasted from January until July 2006 and vehicles going in or out of the inner city during daytime were taxed with 10 to 20 SEK (1.07 to 2.14 Euro). The project included improved public transportation and more park & ride sites. The trial was limited to a half year and the public was able to vote on the congestion tax afterwards. A large research package was set up in order to inform everybody about the effects of the tax. The referendum was positive and the congestion tax is permanent today, but the data collected for research purposes is not fully analyzed yet. This thesis focuses on travel behavior of the population in Stockholm County and uses a household panel survey with 24,000 individuals. The waves took place in September 2004 and March 2006.The main idea is to use the advantages of the panel survey and keep track of how the individuals behaved during the two waves. The analysis is done separately for each trip purpose and examines the change of mode choice during the second wave in comparison to the individual’s choice before the congestion tax. This can be even specified for different socio-demographic groups.The cross-sectional comparison shows that avoiding trips to and from the inner city is not an option. The number of trips of the individuals passing through the congestion tax cordon is reduced to a lower extend by seasonal influences than the trips in all other parts of the county. Therefore the inner city has become more attractive as a origin or destination or the trips passing through the cordon can not be substituted by trips free of tax.Public transportation is the mode which benefits most from the congestion tax in terms of modal split. The importance of it increases in the whole county, but the gain is a lot higher for trips through the cordon. The modes foot and bike are not a relevant alternative for trips through the cordon because of long distances in general and cold weather during the survey. The panel analysis shows that many more people doing cordon passages to work, home and shopping change from car to public transportation in comparison to the rest of the county. Changes from public transport to car occur less often for cordon passages than for trips not being taxed.Certain socio-demographic groups adapt differently to the congestion tax. Compared to men, up to 30 percent point fewer women continue to use the car depending on the trip purpose. This may be related to personal income, but the variables household income has proofed to have a smaller impact. Only really poor households use the car a lot less often and the highest income group tends to continue to drive by car.The main limiting factor of the analysis is the seasonal and weather influence because of unusual cold weather during the second wave. It is not possible to take this completely into account because the control group of the cordon passages has different trip characteristics.The thesis provides better knowledge how a congestion tax affects the behavior of the people. It allows checking the reasonability of transportation modeling results and shows that certain socio-demographic variables should be used if modeling is done for areas with a different composition of the population than Stockholm.</p> / <p>Der Versuch der Stockholmer Innenstadtmaut ist eines der wenigen Projekte, bei dem ein automatisches Mauterhebungssystem für Fahrzeuge zur Stauminderung eingeführt wurde. Der Versuchszeitraum mit Mauterhebung reichte von Januar bis Juli 2006. Alle Fahrzeuge, die in und aus der Innenstadt fuhren, mussten tagsüber 10 bis 20 SEK (1,07 bis 2,14 Euro) bezahlen. Das Projekt beinhaltete einen verbesserten öffentlichen Personennahverkehr und mehr Park&Ride-Stellplätze.Der Versuch war auf ein halbes Jahr begrenzt und im Anschluss wurde eine Volksabstimmung durchgeführt. Zur Information der Bevölkerung über die Auswirkungen der Maut wurde ein großes Forschungspaket aufgelegt. Die Volkabstimmung verlief positiv und die Maut ist heute dauerhaft eingeführt, aber die gesammelten Daten aus dem Forschungsprojekt sind noch nicht vollständig ausgewertet. Diese Arbeit konzentriert sich auf das Mobilitätsverhalten der Bevölkerung im Bezirk Stockholm und verwendet eine Panelbefragung in Haushalten mit 24.000 Teilnehmern. Die Befragungswellen fanden im September 2004 und März 2006 statt.Die Untersuchung verfolgt das Verhalten einzelner Individuen während der beiden Wellen und nutzt somit die Vorteile, die die Panelbefragung bietet. Die Analyse wird separat für jeden Wegezweck durchgeführt und betrachtet die Änderung der Verkehrmittelwahl während der zweiten Welle im Vergleich zur ursprünglichen Wahl vor der Maut. Dies wird durch die Auswertung einzelner soziodemographischer Gruppen ergänzt.Die Querschnittsuntersuchung zeigt, dass die Maut nicht zu einer Vermeidung von Wegen in oder aus der Innenstadt führt. Die Anzahl an Wegen durch den Mautgürtel nimmt leichter durch saisonale Einflüsse ab als in anderen Teilen des Bezirkes. Somit ist die Stadt entweder als Quell- oder Zielgebiet attraktiver geworden oder die Wege durch den Mautgürtel können nicht durch kostenfreie Fahrten ersetzt werden.Der öffentliche Personennahverkehr profitiert im Sinne vom Modal Split am meisten von der Maut. Die Bedeutung steigt im gesamten Bezirk, aber das Wachstum ist deutlich stärker für Wege durch den Mautgürtel. Die Verkehrsmittel Fuß und Fahrrad sind keine Alternative für die kostenpflichtigen Wege, da die Reiseweiten zu hoch sind und das Wetter zu kalt war. Die Panelanalyse zeigt, dass deutlich mehr Personen mit Wegen durch den Mautgürtel zur Arbeit, nach Hause und zum Einkaufen vom Auto zum öffentlichen Verkehr umsteigen als im Rest des Bezirks. Wechsel vom öffentlichen Verkehr zum Auto treten seltener bei Wegen in oder aus der Innenstadt auf als bei kostenfreien Fahrten.Einzelne soziodemographische Gruppen passen sich besonders an die Maut an. Frauen ersetzen je nach Wegezweck im Vergleich zu Männern bis zu 30 % häufiger das Auto durch alternative Verkehrsmittel. Dies kann mit geringerem persönlichen Einkommen zusammenhängen, aber die Variable Haushaltseinkommen hat in der Untersuchung einen eher geringen Einfluss bewiesen. Nur sehr arme Haushalte nutzen das Auto deutlich weniger und die Haushalte in der höchsten Einkommensgruppe behalten die Autonutzung bei.Die gesamte Analyse wird durch saisonale Einflüsse und das Wetter eingeschränkt, das während der zweiten Welle ungewöhnlich kalt war. Dieser Einfluss kann nicht vollständig berücksichtigt werden, da die Kontrollgruppe für die Wege durch den Mautgürtel Unterschiede bei der Wegecharakteristik aufweist.Die Studienarbeit verbessert das Wissen über Verhaltensänderungen der Menschen durch eine Maut. Sie ermöglicht die Überprüfung von Ergebnissen der Verkehrsmodellierung und zeigt, dass einzelne soziodemographische Merkmale für die Modellierung in anderen Regionen genutzt werden sollten, wenn die Zusammensetzung der Bevölkerung von Stockholm abweicht.</p> / <p>Stockholmsförsöket är ett av de få projekten som brukar ett automatik systemet för beskatta fordon med trängselskatt. Syftet är att minska trängseln på gatorna. Försöksperioden låg mellan januari och juli 2006. Fordon som åkte in eller ut i innerstaden måste betala 10 till 20 SEK under dagtid. Försöket omfattade förbättrad kollektivtrafik samt fler infartsparkeringar.Försöket var begränsat till ett halvt år och allmänhet hade folkomröstning om skatten senare. En stort  paket med många forskningsprojekt startas för att informera alla om effekter av skatt. Folkomröstning gav ett jakande svar och trängselskatt är idag permanent. Men all samlad data är ännu inte analyserad. Det här examensarbetet koncentrerar på resvanor av alla invånare i Stockholms Län och använder kohortstudier med 24 000 personer. Vågor uppstod i september 2004 och mars 2006.Huvudideen var att  använda sig av kohortstudier och studera beteendet i båda vågorna. Alla ärenden analyserades separat och skillnaderna på färdmedelna undersötes mellan förre och efter trängselskatt. Det kan även bli specificerad för flera olika sociala bakgrundsgrupper.Tvärsnittstudiens analys visar att förhindra resor till och från innerstaden inte är ett alternativ. Antal av resenärer som passerat avgiftssnittet har inte minskat så mycket av väder än alla andra resor i länet. Innerstaden är mer attraktiv som utgångspungt eller destination. De kan inte ersättnas med resor som kostar ingen skatt.Färdmedelfördelning har förbättrats för kollektivtrafiken på grund av trängselskatt. Kollektivtrafiken ökar i hela länet, men vinsten är störst för resor som passerat avgiftnittet. Färdmedeln fot och cykel är inget alternativ på grund av långt avstånd och dåligt väder under andra vågor. Kohortstudier visar att många resenärer byter från bil till kollektivtrafiken när man resan till jobbet, hemmet och inför shoping om man jämför med hela länet. Växling från kollektivtrafiken till bil är mindre för resorna som måste betala skatt.Några sociala grupper anpassar sig annorlunda till trängselskatten. Kvinnor åker bil ner till 30 procent mindre än men. Orsak är kanske lägre personlig inkomst, men variabel hushållinkomst har mindre effekt. Fattiga hushåll andvänder  bil mycket mindre än rika hushåll, som åker bil mycket mer.Huvudbegränsningen av analysen är årstiderna och vädret,, som tillexempel ovanlig kallt väder under andra vågoen. Man kan inte förklara hela effekten därför att kontrollgruppen av har olika egenskaper.Examensarbetet  bättre kunskap hur trängselskatten påverkar beteendet av människor. Det möjliggör att kontrollera transportmodellerings resultat och visar att några variabler skulle användas om modellering skulle göras i annan region med en annan typ av  sammansättning av befolkning  än i Stockholm.</p>
23

Global Solar Photovoltaic Industry Analysis with Focus on the Chinese Market

Campillo, Javier, Foster, Stephen January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
24

Planerat beteende och varierad kost : Hur en webbaserad måltidsplaneringstjänst kan få människor att regelbundet äta varierat / Planned behavior and varied diet : How a web-based meal planning service can get people to regurarly eat varied

Ohlsson, Jonas January 2010 (has links)
<p>Uppsatsen presenterar två studier som med den socialpsykologiska modellen ’teorin om planerat beteende’ (Ajzen, 1991) undersöker hur väl en webbaserad måltidsplaneringstjänst lyckas med att få dess användare att regelbundet äta varierat.</p><p>Tjänsten bestod huvudsakligen av en sökbar receptdatabas på 250 recept, en kalender för att planera in recepten i, och en inköpslista som genererades automatiskt utifrån recepten i kalendern. Tjänsten byggdes under tiden som uppsatsen skrevs, och författaren deltog som interaktionsdesigner i detta projekt.</p><p>I  uppsatsen presenteras  två sekventiella studier för att mäta användarnas intention till beteendet. I vardera studie presenteras först webbtjänsten och den funktionalitet den hade vid tiden för testet. Detta följs av en hypotes om tjänstens påverkan över användarnas vilja att äta varierat. I vardera studie genomfördes sedan ett användartest av tjänsten, där 13 respektive 15 personer fick använda webbsidan och svara på enkätfrågor. Enkäterna mätte attityd, subjektiv norm, upplevd beteendekontroll och intention till beteendet att regelbundet äta varierat, och en mätning gjordes före och en efter användartestet av tjänsten.</p><p>Testen visade på signifikanta ökningar för användarna givet att de skulle använda tjänsten; för upplevd beteendekontroll i den första studien; för subjektiv norm i den andra studien, och för intention i båda studierna.</p><p>Uppsatsen presenterar också interaktionsdesignsbeslut tagna för att anpassa tjänsten efter resultaten av mätningarna av användarnas intention. Avslutningsvis lyfter författaren fram forskningsfrågor för framtida studier i ämnet att förjupa sig i.</p> / <p>This report used the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991); a model from social psychology, to determine how well an online meal planning service succeeds in making its users regularly eat varied.</p><p>The service consisted mainly of a searchable recipe database of 250 recipes, a calendar to schedule the recipes, and a shopping list that was generated automatically from the recipes in the calendar. The service was being constructed during the time that this report was written, and the author participated as an interaction designer in this project.</p><p>The report consists of two sequential studies to measure the users’ intention to the behavior of interest. In each study are first presented the meal planning service and its current functionality by the time of the testing; followed by a hypothesis about the effect it should have on the user's intent to regularly eat varied. In each study were then held a user testing of the product, where 13 and 15 people, respectively, were using the website and answering survey questions. The questionnaires were measuring attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control and intention to the behavior to regularly eat varied, and these measurements were made once before and once after the user test of the product.</p><p>The tests showed significant increases for the users given that they would use the service; for perceived behavioral control in the first study; for subjective norm in the second study, and for intention in of both studies.</p><p>The report also presents interaction design decisions made to adapt the service due to the results of the measurements of the users' intention. Finally, the author presents his proposals for future research work in this domain.</p>
25

3D-animation i reklamfilm / 3D-animation in television commercials

Billström, Johan, Fjellström, Alexander January 2007 (has links)
<p><strong>Study</strong> <strong>objects</strong>: Three different productions companies which the authors have chosen to be anonymous. <strong>Purpose</strong>: The purpose with this study is to examine why production companies choose to use 3D-animations in television commercials, and what different kind of aspects affects their decisions. <strong>Theoretical</strong>: The theoretical chapter reviews the history of 3D-animation andtelevision commercials and other fields that will be relevant laterin the analysis and discussion. <strong>Method</strong>: A case study has been made on three different companies, two of the companies are active in post-production and the other one is active in the consulting area. Data was collected through semistructured interviews with two of the companies. The last interview was conducted via e-mail. <strong>Conclusions</strong>: There were different ground aspects (economy, control, targetaudience, consumer impression) that affected a productioncompany’s decision in whether or not to use 3D-animation in theirproductions of television commercials.</p>
26

Survival of the Unfit : Path Dependence and the Estonian Oil Shale Industry

Holmberg, Rurik January 2008 (has links)
Estonia is the only country in the world, which is totally dependent on oil shale in its energy system. Although this fossil fuel exists in enormous quantities around the world, it has so far not been utilized on a larger scale. The reasons for this have been both economic and, in recent times, ecological. It can therefore be argued that in most cases, oil shale represents an inferior solution compared to other energy sources. This work examines why a technology utilizing oil shale has developed in Estonia and why Estonia appears not to be in a position to switch to other energy sources. In this work it is claimed that oil shale actually has been an appropriate solution to short-term concerns, despite the fact that its long-term drawbacks have been identified. These circumstances led to path dependence. Once the technology was in place, it advanced along its learning curve producing a satisfactory outcome, but not an optimal one. However, this situation has been accepted due to the extremely turbulent institutional environment Estonia has undergone in the 20th century. In Sweden, a somewhat similar (but smaller) oil shale industry was shut down in the 1960s because of poor economic performance, but also because of the competition from other energy sources. Such competition did not take place in Estonia, in part due to the specific institutional set-up of the Soviet Union. This made it possible for the Estonian oil shale industry to develop further, causing the present lock-in. Today the existing infrastructure, the knowledge-base, and the particular socio-political circumstances of Estonia effectively prevent change. Furthermore, it is argued that because there was only little oil shale-related technology developed outside Estonia, most technology had to be developed domestically. This in turn has forced the Estonian oil shale industry to make several highly inconvenient alliances in order to gain room to manoeuvre. Partially as a result of this, there is today wide-spread scepticism towards the industry, but no exit in sight in the foreseeable future. One purpose of this work is to contribute to a broader understanding why human societies have become dependent on fossil fuels and to extend our knowledge on where to search for an exit.
27

Managing Work at Several Places : Understanding Nomadic Practices in Student Groups

Rossitto, Chiara January 2009 (has links)
Within Swedish universities students are often required to work in groups to collaborate on projects or to write essays. A salient feature characterizing this type of work is the lack of a stable and fixed location wherein project- related activities can be carried out and accomplished. Thus, by regarding students as instances of nomadic workers, this thesis investigates the nomadic practices in the context of their group work, with particular attention to issues related to collaborative and coordinative aspects. Although the lack of a stable office has, somehow, always characterized students’ activities, the spread of mobile technologies raises relevant analytical issues concerning the relationships between individuals’ practices, the use of particular technologies and the physical environments in which interactions may occur. In this regard, this thesis provides an example of how a philosophical conceptualization of place as the product of human experience can assist in exploring: (a) the relationships between students’ activities, the locales they work at, and the situated use of specific technological artifacts; (b) how students occupy and experience places, by investing them with activities, meanings and values; (c) how different physical environments constrain and shape the way activities are performed. The data were collected by means of ethnographically-informed methods during two different field studies for which two design courses, held at a technical university, had been chosen as settings. Within both of them, the participants were to develop a prototype of novel IT technologies, and to account for the evolution of their projects by means of a report. The two studies aimed at understanding: (a) how students organize their activities at a number of locations, and how it reflects on the activities they engage with; (b) the strategies they adopt and the technologies they use to overcome problems deriving from the lack of a stable workplace, (c) the different ways a workplace is practically created, how it emerges from students’ interactions with the environment they inhabit, and how it is mediated by the technology they use (place-making). Observations, field-notes, video-recordings, semi-structured interviews were used during the phase of data collection. Some participants were also asked to fill in a diary and to take pictures of the different sites used for their project activities. In addition, a workshop, organized as a focus group, was arranged in order to unpack issues concerning students’ usage of various technologies, with respect to number of people involved, ongoing activities and the related chosen locations. The data analysis suggests that taking into account the way a place is disassembled and the way nomadic workers manage to move out of it is central to an understanding of their work practices. Moreover, it shows that the participants experienced planning the division of work as essential in order to manage coordination and collaboration within the groups, to organize collaborative and individual activities, and to allocate them to differing physical places. Furthermore, this thesis outlines in what way a focus on place may assist designers in reflecting on the design of educational environments, and of technological artifacts enabling students to share and integrate heterogeneous sources of information. / QC 20100806
28

3D-animation i reklamfilm / 3D-animation in television commercials

Billström, Johan, Fjellström, Alexander January 2007 (has links)
Study objects: Three different productions companies which the authors have chosen to be anonymous. Purpose: The purpose with this study is to examine why production companies choose to use 3D-animations in television commercials, and what different kind of aspects affects their decisions. Theoretical: The theoretical chapter reviews the history of 3D-animation andtelevision commercials and other fields that will be relevant laterin the analysis and discussion. Method: A case study has been made on three different companies, two of the companies are active in post-production and the other one is active in the consulting area. Data was collected through semistructured interviews with two of the companies. The last interview was conducted via e-mail. Conclusions: There were different ground aspects (economy, control, targetaudience, consumer impression) that affected a productioncompany’s decision in whether or not to use 3D-animation in theirproductions of television commercials.
29

Global Solar Photovoltaic Industry Analysis with Focus on the Chinese Market

Campillo, Javier, Foster, Stephen January 2008 (has links)
No description available.
30

Snart i var mans hand : Egenskaper med mobil surfning

Öquist, Joakim January 2010 (has links)
Teknikens utveckling har gått fort fram de senaste åren, dagens smartphoneanvändare harmöjligheten att utföra ärenden som det för något år sedan krävdes en dator för. I denna studieutfördes en undersökning av mobila Internet-användares vanor och vad som är utmärkandeför mobilt internetanvändande. Tio respondenter förde loggbok där de fyllde i ett detaljeratschema för varje aktivitet, bl.a. var och vad de besökte. De tio respondenterna intervjuadessedan för att få ett djupare intryck av deras mobila internetavändande.Resultaten visar att den vanligaste platsen för surfning skedde i hemmet, respondenternatrodde dock att de skedde under transport. Oftast besöktes nyheter och den vanligastevaraktigheten var två minuter. Respondenterna hade en genomgående positiv attityd tillmobilt internet, ett flertal beskriver hur det förenklar deras vardag. En svaghet med mobiltinternet är enligt studien hastigheten och mottagningen. / Recent years technological development has been rapid, today smartphone users have theability to carry out matters that a few a years ago required a computer. In this study a surveywas conducted of how mobile internet user’s habits look, what are the characteristicsof mobile internet usage? Ten respondents kept a logbook in which they filled in a detailedschedule for each activity, among other things, where they were during the visit andwhat they visited. Later the ten respondents were interviewed to get a deeper impression ontheir mobile internet usage.The results show that the most common place for surfing was at home, although respondentsthought that they occurred during transport. The most visited sites were news; the mostcommon duration for an activity was two minutes. Respondents had a consistently positiveattitude towards the mobile internet; a number of them described how it simplifies things intheir day-to-day life. One weakness of the mobile internet that was mentioned a couple oftimes during the study was the speed but also the reception of the internet.

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