Ce travail propose une analyse institutionnelle commonsienne de la gestion sanitaire des bovins en termes de compétences collectives et individuelles. Un modèle conceptuel institutionnel d'analyse de la santé animale est proposé comme alternative possible au modèle micro-économique néoclassique. La gestion de la santé est d'abord abordée à travers les compétences et capacités de l'éleveur au sein de l'exploitation, en mobilisant les relations individus - collectifs inorganisés. Le rôle des collectifs organisés dans la santé animale est ensuite identifié, avec l'identification de collectifs productifs et de collectifs sanitaires. Les compétences individuelles et collectives apparaissent territorialisées. Ce modèle est ensuite validé à partir de données issues de la Base de Données Nationale d'Identification des bovins et du Contrôle Laitier, pour 2005 et 2006. La mortalité des bovins laitiers et la qualité cytologique du lait (cellules somatiques, témoins d'infection de la mamelle) de chaque exploitation sont respectivement analysées à l'aide de modèles linéaires et de panels statiques et dynamiques. Un effet global des compétences de l'éleveur sur l'ensemble des troubles sanitaires de l'exploitation est observé. Les compétences doivent être au préalable révélées pour se traduire en capacités (actions). La spatialisation des modèles démontre enfin la dimension institutionnelle, souvent territorialisée, de la santé animale. L'analyse institutionnelle montre qu'une large part de la santé du troupeau repose sur les compétences individuelles des éleveurs et sur des compétences collectives. Ces compétences peuvent être révélées par un renforcement des interventions préventives et de la formation en élevage / This research analyzes cattle health through individual and collective competencies, based on Commons institutionalism. The first part defines a new institutional conceptual framework, alternative to the neoclassic microeconomic models, to study animal health. Health management is analyzed at farm level in terms of farmers' competencies and capabilities considering the relationship between individuals and unorganized going concern. It integrates thereafter organized going concerns and defines production focused organizations and health focused organizations. The competencies and capabilities have both territorial components. The model is validated empirically in the second part, using the national cattle identification database and the milk control program database, for 2005 and 2006. Dairy cattle mortality and milk bacteriological quality (somatic counts) are explained with linear models and static and dynamic panel models, respectively. A global effect of farmer's health competencies on the overall health issues of the farm is shown, but competencies must be translated into capabilities (actions) before impacting on health. The spatialization of the models reveals some territorial correlations that clearly show the effect of institutions on animal health. The institutional analysis shows that an important part of the herd health rests on the farmer's individual competencies, as well as on some collective competencies. These competencies can be strengthened and revealed into capabilities with more accurate and regular preventive interventions in farms and with more farmers' education

The economic development challenges facing second-tier city-regions in the United Kingdom reflect a critical dimension of policy debates concerning spatial rebalancing. The integration of multi-location firms at second-tier territorial contexts is an important aspect of rebalancing narratives, and this thesis examines what such integration may entail for the economic development of these places. Given the label of the “firm-territory nexus” by other economic geographers (Dicken and Malmberg, 2001), integration brings into focus a complex set of factors, processes and conditions. In order to grapple with and order such complexity, the conceptual framework of city-region absorptive capacity has been proposed and developed in this research. Four case studies across two second-tier UK cities, Edinburgh and Manchester, comprising interviews with elites and the collection of extensive documentary material, provides the empirical material for framework development. The research hinges on an analytical process that: first, deploys the functional form of “absorptive capacity” to provide language and broad parameters by which to approach the empirical object; and second, generates abstract categories from the empirical data to flesh out a contextually sensitive conceptual framework. Network position relative to London and labour appear as important integrating mechanisms across the case studies, though the conceptual framework demonstrates contingencies in terms of territorial and relational processes, shifting moments of structure and agency, and the overlapping institutional mosaics at play. By providing portraits of city economies in the middle ground of global economic networks, the need to articulate economic geographies of the “outside” and “inside” are also given emphasis.

William C. C. Claiborne found himself a stranger in a strange land. Almost more a colonial governor of a European power rather than an American statesman, Claiborne grappled with maintaining a militia force for the Territory of Orleans, now the present day state of Louisiana. He built upon the volunteer companies he found within the city of New Orleans, but had little success molding the entire militia into an effective, efficient military force. Claiborne, hoping to use the fear generated by the January 1811 slave revolt to spur militia reform, maintained an active correspondence with the state's legislators, the area's military commanders, the members of the Louisiana congressional delegation, and even the President of the United States for assistance with militia matters. Ultimately, Claiborne failed and the British attack on New Orleans in 1814/1815 made the matter of reform academic.

This research project was developed in practice through the production of artwork. Alternating between art and reflection, my aim was to develop a strategy for artistic research that was targeted towards the goal of an intergrative project supported through information technologies. This idea developed out of my position as an artist working at a distance, from a small isalnd (Malta). My problematic, therefore, was focused around the question of territory. This research endeavoured to investigate the notion of "territory" through theories of deterritorialisation and machinic connectivity.

Le fleuve Niger est aujourd’hui confronté à des menaces naturelles et anthropiques dont la solution relève à la fois d’arbitrages locaux et de considérations d’ordre international. Sa riche histoire montre une succession de régulations et de logiques locales de gestion selon le temps et l’espace. Le fleuve Niger a été au cœur des stratégies de dominations locales et coloniales. Ces modes de régulations locales laissent de plus en plus la place à des systèmes de gestion plus intégrés. Cette recherche porte sur la gouvernance de l’eau du fleuve Niger à Ségou et à Mopti. Elle vise à comprendre les dynamiques d’acteurs, notamment les stratégies, les rapports et les interactions des acteurs autour de l’eau dans le contexte de décentralisation, mais aussi leurs perceptions concernant l’eau du fleuve. Les résultats montrent la complexité de la gouvernance de l’eau notamment en ce qui concerne la régulation et les articulations étroites entre des dynamiques globales et locales. La méconnaissance et l’inapplication des textes régissant le domaine de l’eau caractérisent la gouvernance du fleuve Niger. La multiplicité des acteurs entraine le chevauchement des rôles et les risques de conflits de compétences. Ensuite, la mise en œuvre de cette gouvernance implique des relations complexes entre les multiples acteurs. Cette complexité renvoie à des questions de territoires et de territorialités notamment dans le Delta intérieur. Enfin, la décentralisation a favorisé l’implication directe des acteurs locaux dans la gestion des ressources locales. Mais elle a également exacerbé les risques de conflits entre les multiples acteurs en quête de leadership et de légitimité autour du fleuve. / The Niger River is now facing natural and anthropogenic threats; the solution is both in local arbitrage and in international considerations. Its rich history shows a series of regulation and local management logics depending on time and space. The Niger River has been at the center of strategies for local and colonial dominations. These modes of local controls lead more and more place for some more integrated management systems. This research focuses on the governance of the Niger River waters in Segou and Mopti. It aims to understand the dynamics of actors, especially strategies, relationships and interactions of actors around the water in the context of decentralization, but also their perceptions of the River water. The results show the complexity of water governance especially with regard to regulation and the narrow articulations between global and local dynamics. Ignorance and lack of implementation of laws governing the field of water characterize the governance of Niger River. The multiplicity of actors leads to the overlap of roles and potential conflicts of competence. The implementation of the governance involves complex relationships between multiple actors. This complexity returns to issues of territories and territorialities in particular in the interior Delta. Finally, decentralization has encouraged the direct involvement of local stakeholders in the management of local resources. But it has also exacerbated the risk of conflicts between multiple actors, in search of leadership and legitimacy around the river.

La forte médiatisation du football professionnel ne doit pas faire oublier l'existence d'une pratique du football amateur très active en Aquitaine dans le cadre des clubs. La diffusion de cette pratique s'est étendue à l'ensemble de la région sur un peu plus d'un siècle en quatre phases d'intensité variable marquées par des événements historiques et les évolutions de la discipline. La fin de ce cycle semble se dessiner aujourd'hui. De multiples acteurs individuels, collectifs, institutionnels, se sont impliqués tout au long de ce processus de diffusion dans des actions de découpage et de contrôle de l'espace aux échelles régionale et locale pour la « fabrique de territoires sportifs ». Des ensembles et des sous-ensembles spatiaux mal définis ont été peu à peu transformés en territoires de pratique, de gestion et d'application de politiques sportives. Ce processus de territorialisation a induit des modes de relation différenciés entre les groupes sportifs et leurs territoires. De multiples identités collectives fondées sur la conscience, le discours, les représentations culturelles, le sentiment d'appartenance ont facilité l'ancrage des clubs dans les territoires de proximité. Cette forme de territorialité sportive est aujourd'hui remise en cause par les réformes territoriales mises en oeuvre à travers l'intercommunalité. On assiste à une redéfinition des relations entre les acteurs du football et des collectivités territoriales, le football amateur étant devenu un enjeu des politiques publiques communautaires. Les recompositions territoriales affectent aussi les identités dans les nombreux clubs issus de fusions en quête de nouveaux liens. Les recompositions territoriales et identitaires sont en train de bouleverser le modèle traditionnel du club de football amateur. / The strong exposure of professional football must not make one forget the existence of the very active practice of amateur football of clubs in Aquitaine. The diffusion of that practice has spread through the whole region for over a little more than a century, in four stages of variable intensity, marked by historic events and changes in the sport. Nowadays, this cycle seems to be coming to an end. Many individual, collective, and institutional parties have been involved in that process of diffusion by dividing and controlling areas, regionally and locally, « to make sports territories ». Ill-defined spaces have been gradually turned into territories connected to the practice, management, and implementation of sports policies. Such process of territorial marking out has lead to different types of relationships between sports groups and their territories. Numerous collective identities based on consciousness, position, cultural perceptions and sense of belonging have made the establishment of football clubs and institutions in territories in proximity easier. Such a form of sports territoriality is nowadays called into question by the different territorial reforms implemented between districts. We are witnessing a re-defining of the relationships between the parties involved in football and the local authorities since amateur football has become an issue for the different local councils's public policies. Territorial reconstruction also affects identities in the numerous clubs which have been merged and are looking for new links and names. Territorial and identity reconstruction are completely changing the traditional amateur football club.

This thesis is focused on people migration in the Czech republic. It is concentrated on important migration flows in terms of territory units of this country and is referred to recently general trends of migration. There is analysed migration in terms of individual demografic indicators such as age, sex or marital status. The essential part of this thesis is attended to migration in Středočeský kraj. There is described the main migration flows in this territory unit. It explains the suburbanization process between this unit and the capital of the Czech republic. At the conclusion of this work migration is assessed in terms of long- term regional development.

Orientador: Rosangela Aparecida de Medeiros Hespanhol / Resumo: Esta pesquisa pretende analisar como o acesso das associadas da Força Feminina do município de Mirante do Paranapanema – SP, no Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), contribui para o empoderamento dessas mulheres, além de estabelecer uma relação com a categoria geográfica território, pois são identificadas relações de poder entre os líderes da associação para com as associadas e associados. Para tanto, foi utilizado o estudo de caso para compreender melhor os aspectos particulares da Associação Força Feminina. Além de revisão bibliográfica, levantamento e sistematização de dados de fontes secundárias, se realizou pesquisa de campo, por meio de entrevistas, com roteiros semiestruturados. Para compreender melhor o Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA), foi utilizado dados disponibilizados pela Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (Conab). Estabelecer uma relação entre gênero, território e empoderamento colaborou para entendermos que as relações de gênero são determinadas por relações de poder, sendo que romper com essa estrutura fez com que, no caso desta pesquisa, nos deparássemos com mulheres que não consideram o seu trabalho uma ajuda ao trabalho do homem. Ao contrário. Consideram que trabalham mais que seus maridos, ao acumularem o trabalho no campo ao trabalho doméstico. Dessa forma, busca-se indagar como tal política pode colaborar (ou não) para o fortalecimento da agricultura familiar e empoderamento das mulheres rurais, bem como oferecer elementos para contribuir ... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: This research intends to analyze how the access of members of the Female Force of the municipality of Mirante do Paranapanema - SP, in the Food Acquisition Program (PAA), contributes to the empowerment of these women, in addition to establishing a relationship with the geographical territory category, since power relations are identified between the association's leaders towards associates and associates. To do so, the case study was used to better understand the particular aspects of the Women's Strength Association. In addition to bibliographic review, survey and systematization of data from secondary sources, field research was conducted through interviews with semi-structured scripts. To better understand the Food Acquisition Program (PAA), we used data made available by Companhia Nacional de Abastecimento (Conab). Establishing a relationship between gender, territory and empowerment has helped us to understand that gender relations are determined by power relations, and breaking with this structure has made us, in the case of this research, come across women who do not consider their work a help the work of man. Instead. They consider that they work harder than their husbands, as they accumulate labor in the field and domestic labor. Thus, it is sought to investigate how such a policy may or may not contribute to the strengthening of family agriculture and the empowerment of rural women, as well as offer elements to contribute to the qualitative analysis of the PAA, as w... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

L’objectif principal de ce travail est l’élaboration d’un modèle plus complet du plan de la ville de Policoro à l’époque archaïque que ce soit d’un point de vue de l’espace et de la chronologie que d’un point de vue culturel, politique et économique. Pour parvenir à cet objectif a été réalisée une étude de matériaux céramiques en grande partie non-publie, provenant d’une série de fouille archéologique effectue sur la collina del Castello et dans la vallata mediana. Le travail s’articule autour de quatre parties. La première (chapitre I) discute les fonds écrits littéraires et épigraphiques sur la cité archaïque de Siris. La deuxième partie (chapitre II) est dédiée à la documentation archéologique du site et s’articule en quatre paragraphes. Le premier (II.1), est une présentation des toutes les recherches précédentes, avec une attention particulière aux études portant sur la période archaïque de la cité. Le deuxième paragraphe (II.2) analyse les résultats des fouilles sur la colonie plus antique du site. Le troisième (II.3) contient une présentation des différentes formes de céramique trouvées sur le site puis une liste des différentes argiles identifiées (II.4). La troisième partie (chapitre III) est un catalogue des matériaux trouvés, présentés par secteur de fouille. Pour finir (chapitre IV) sont présentés les conclusions et la bibliographie générale. Chaque partie est complétée par une bibliographie spécifique présentée par ordre chronologique. / The most important purpose of this work (research) intends to draw up a more articulated model of the Policoro archaic settlement, analyzed from a spatial and chronological, but also cultural, political and social point of view. To achieve the goal, ceramic materials of high archaic age and archaic age, found after digging on the Hill of the Castel and in the mid - valley, have been studied, most of which unedited. The work (research) has been divided into the following sections: The first (chapter 1) contains an examination of literary and epigraphic sources concerned to Siri’s archaic settlement and an appendice about the above mentioned reports. The second part (chapter 2) focused on the documentation of materials, is made of five paragraphs including the bibliography. The first paragraph (II.1) retraces the history of the research focusing on the reports of the town archaic period. The second (II.2) consists of a precise analysis of the settlement contexts that gave the evidences of the most ancient colony, followed by the related bibliography (II.3). The fourth paragraph (II.4) shows and defines the evidenced ceramic moulds, followed by a list of different doughs identified by the autopsic analysis of clays (II.5). The third section contains the catalogue of the exhibits, shown on their contexts (Chapter III). Finally, the fourth section, dedicated to the conclusions (chapter 4). Below, a resume in French language, that contains the salient points of the research and bibliographic shorthands.

A análise do processo de precarização do Trabalho Docente na rede pública Estadual Paulista é o objeto dessa pesquisa de Mestrado. Ao partir do conceito de Trabalho em seus aspectos ontológicos foi possível situar o processo de Trabalho no sistema capitalista como uma forma histórica de exploração do Trabalho. Dessa forma, foi necessário identificar a docência como uma atividade laboral dotada de particularidades, mas que apresenta também as influências gerais das determinações do modo de produção capitalista. A precarização do Trabalho Docente, nos últimos 25 anos, se manifesta a partir de um conjunto de políticas elaboradas sob a influência do pensamento neoliberal e postas em prática pelo Governo do Estado de São Paulo. Esse conjunto de leis e normativas produz uma degradação das condições de trabalho e de salário, aumentam a exploração de contratos temporários e tem inclusive rebatimentos na qualidade do ensino. Dessa forma, a proposta de analisar esse campo, que envolve o Trabalho Docente e as ações do Estado como agente de precarização, se amparam na análise dos conflitos gerados entre esses dois polos. Por isso, a categoria do Território se revela uma ferramenta importante para desvendar as relações de poder que se realizam no ambiente escolar. Nesse território, dotado de diferentes atores e formas de territorialização, a Escola Pública Estadual se apresenta como um invólucro de complexas relações de poder. / The analysis of the precariousness process of teaching work in the state public network of São Paulo is the object of this Master\'s research. Starting from the concept of Labour in its ontological aspects it was possible to situate the Labour process in the capitalist system as a historical form of exploitation. Thus, was necessary to identify the teaching work as an activity with it´s particularities, which also presents the general influences of the capitalist way of production determinations. The precariousness of Teaching Work, in the last 25 years, manifests itself from a set of policies elaborated under the influence of neoliberal thought and put to use by the Government of São Paulo. This set of laws and regulations produces a degradation of working conditions and salary, increase the exploitation of temporary contracts and it has even had repercussions on the quality of teaching. Thus, the proposal to analyze this field which involves Teaching Work and the actions of the State as an agent of precariousness is supported in the analysis of the conflicts generated between these two poles. For this reason, the Territory category is an important tool to unravel the power relations that take place in the school environment. In this territory, endowed with different actors and forms of territorialization the State Public School presents itself as an envelope of complex relations of power.