Global ETD Search

161	俄羅斯中央與地方關係，1992~1999 / Russian Center-periphery Relations, 1992~1999 陳慶輝, Chen, Ching-Hui Unknown Date (has links) 俄羅斯聯邦是一個多民族國家，共有一百多個不同的民族生活在俄羅斯這塊土地上。這些少數民族有著自己的語言與文化，一有機會即想脫離俄羅斯獨立。尤其是車臣與韃靼斯坦這類文化差異較大的民族，一心渴望擁有自己主權。除了少數民族的獨立要求外，俄羅斯聯邦仍必須應付境內的地方主義聲浪。主要是因為俄羅斯的聯邦體制是由民族聯邦與區域聯邦結合而成的，境內有以民族為基礎的聯邦主體，同時也有以行政區域為劃分基礎的主體。蘇聯晚期，俄羅斯總統葉爾欽為了與戈巴契夫爭權，喊出「你能夠拿多少主權就拿多少」的口號，各加盟共和國紛紛通過國家主權宣言，俄羅斯聯邦境內亦興起分離獨立氣氛。為了解決問題，葉爾欽於1992年3月與各聯邦主體分別簽署了3個聯邦條約，開始對中央與地方的權利義務關係作了說明。隨著政治情勢的變化，俄羅斯聯邦於1993年12月12日通過新憲法，明確的規範了中央與地方各自的權力，自此權力的行使有了依循的標準；1994年發生車臣戰爭，突顯出憲法無法解決所有問題，於是依據各主體需要簽訂的雙邊條約出現了，首先是俄韃條約，謂之「韃靼模式」。至此俄羅斯的聯邦體制大致完成。俄羅斯聯邦體制的運作仍然存在許多問題，不論是在政治方面、經濟方面，甚或法律制度方面尚有不夠完善的地方。再加上地方主體的種類繁多，經濟條件、政治情況及文化取向差異甚大，影響著主體對聯邦關係的看法。因此要解決聯邦問題，就必須從制度上的缺陷及地方主體的態度來著手進行。 / Russian federation is a multi-national state, there are more than one hundred kinds of races. These minority races have their own culture and language, they desire to be independent from Russian federation, especially Chechenya and Tarstan. Besides independent demand, there still have localism in Russian federation. In Russian federation, there are two kinds of federal subject. One is ethno subject which based on races different from Russian, the other is territorial subject. Late years in Soviet Union, Russian president Yeltsin in order to struggle with Gorbachev, he said：“swallow what you can get”. Meanwhile, the Union Republics declare their sovereignty. The atmosphere in Russian federation is chaotic. To solve the problem, Yeltsin sighed three federal treaty with all subjects and define the right between center and subjects. Then 1993 passed the Russian Constitution, 1994 Chechen war exploded, that means constitution not suitable for every subject. Yeltsin decided to sign bilateral treaty with subjects, first one is Tartarstan Republic, called “Tartarstan Model”. Russian federal system still has several problems in politic, economic, and law, institution. Besides 89 subjects are so distinguished, their political condition, economic situation, culture are so different, all this affect their perception about federal relation. 俄羅斯俄羅斯聯邦聯邦主義中央地方關係分離主義不對稱聯邦車臣戰爭 russia russian federation federalism center-periphery relation secessionism asymmetric federation Checheny war
162	Tlumočnická neutralita při tlumočení na vysoké úrovni. / The interpreter's neutrality during interpreting for high-level officials. Shyianok, Krystsina January 2018 (has links) (in English): The diploma thesis "The interpreter's neutrality when interpreting for high-level officials" is a theoretical and empirical work and consists of two parts. The theoretical part tries to look into the concepts of neutrality, impartiality and bias and to point out the multidimensional nature of interpreter's neutrality. It also provides an overview of existing approaches to interpreter's neutrality and highlights the essence of high-level interpreting. The empirical part is a research probe that maps how professional conference interpreters who interpret for high-level officials in the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation view the concept of absolute interpreter's neutrality. At the same time it inquires whether they sometimes face the absence of interpreter's neutrality. Lastly, it outlines factors that can influence interpreter's neutrality and examines possible impacts of neutrality absence on interpreting performance. The results of empirical part may become a springboard for further research in interpreter's neutrality.
163	Dalla Rus’ di Kiev ad Euromajdan. L’Ucraina nella geopolitica dell’Europa centro-orientale / DALLA RUS' DI KIEV AD EUROMAJDAN: L'UCRAINA NELLA GEOPOLITICA DELL'EUROPA CENTRO-ORIENTALE / From Kievan Rus' to Euromajdan. Ukraine's role in Central and Eastern Europe's geopolitics CELLA, GIORGIO 16 April 2018 (has links) La tesi analizza le cause profonde dell’attuale crisi russo-ucraina esplosa nel 2014 con i moti anti-governativi di Euromajdan ed alla conseguente crisi internazionale che ha direttamente coinvolto la Federazione Russa, ed indirettamente la comunità internazionale. Analogamente, la struttura della ricerca ha prodotto altresì una ricostruzione, nei secoli, del ruolo geopolitico della stessa Ucraina nelle più ampie dinamiche interstatali dell’Europa centro-orientale. Lo studio in questione esplora nella loro profondità - e lungo oltre quattrocento pagine - gli aspetti più profondi di questa crisi nelle sue diverse, articolate e interconnesse dimensioni. L’approccio impiegato prende le mosse dalla matrice d’analisi tipica del Renouvin e delle sue forces profondes, ampliando perciò l’indagine sul piano storico, geopolitico, diplomatico, economico, giuridico, culturale e religioso. Sostenuta da una cospicua bibliografia e da un notevole apparato di note, la presente tesi non si è tuttavia limitata ad una ricostruzione delle dinamiche contemporanee del XX e del XIX secolo. L’autore ha infatti voluto procedere - nell’obbiettivo di costruire uno studio di riferimento sulla geopolitica dell’Ucraina nel sistema internazionale - dall’antichità di Erodoto e dal crollo dell’Impero Romano, per poi proseguire lungo le più importanti fasi della nascita della Rus’ di Kiev, giungendo sino ad Euromajdan. / The thesis analyzes the root causes of the current Ukrainian crisis triggered by the Euromajdan revolts of 2014 and the consequent international crisis directly involving the Russian Federation, and indirectly the whole international community. The thesis also reconstructs the secular geopolitical role of Ukraine in the broader dynamics of interstate relations of Central and Eastern Europe. The present research is an in-depth, four hundred page exploration of the many aspects of this crisis with all the complexities of its intertwined dimensions. The research employed inputs from the classical Renouvin’s forces profondes imprint; thus exploring and accounting for historical, geopolitical, diplomatic, economic, juridical, cultural and religious aspects. With the aim to produce a reference study of the historiography of Ukraine and its relationship with Moscow and the wider regional context, aided by a sound bibliography and a valuable source of notes, the author decided to begin from the ancient times of Herodotus and the collapse of the Roman Empire and work his way forward through the genesis of the Kievan Rus', up to the most recent XXI century’s geopolitics. SPS/04: SCIENZA POLITICA
164	Soutěžní právo v Ruské federaci / Competition Law in Russian Federation Levý, Jan January 2008 (has links) The thesis deals with competition law (law on unlawful restriction of competition as well as unfair competition) in Russian Federation, it particularly compares Russian and Czech law. Its content is first a brief introduction to Russian competition law, sources of law etc. Next chapters are devoted to basic concepts of this branch of law. Law about abuse of dominant position, cartels, control of mergers, and unfair competition has been analysed. The last chapter deals with the supervision in the disucussed area.
165	Změna kurzu ruské zahraniční politiky v 1. dekádě 21. století / Russia's Foreign Policy Change in the First Decade of the 21st Century Valentová, Emilie January 2010 (has links) The aim of the diploma thesis is to identify Russia's Foreign Policy change in the first decade of the 21st century. It focuses on the three most important strategic documents of the Russian Federation, the presidential decrees signed by Vladimir Putin and Dmitri Medvedev (The Foreign Policy Concepts of the Russian Federation from 2000 and 2008, The National Security Concept of the Russian Federation from 2000, The National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation from 2009 and The Military Doctrines from 2000 and 2010). Through Discourse analysis it concludes that Russia has moved to strenghtening norms of international law and multilateral cooperation between the years 2000 and 2010, it no longer uses confrontational expressions and prefers a multi-vector foreign policy accenting the Asian vector. Russia also proves to be more self-confident and ambitious. We expect a more active role in the world affairs from Russia in the second decade of the 21st century.
166	Právna úprava katastru nehnuteľností v Českej republike a Ruskej federácii / A comparison of legal regulation of the cadastral in Czech republik and Russian federation Rarogová, Kamila January 2011 (has links) The aim of the thesis is to describe the real estate legislation in selected areas and to summarize the differences between the legal real estate in the Czech Republic and the Russian Federation. This theme was chosen in order to highlight the diversity of real estate legal institutions in both countries. A common feature of the legislation in both countries is that their skills are performed in a professional manner in accordance with applicable standards and regulations of the country. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter deals with the characteristics of real estate in the Czech Republic. The main resource of law in this field is the Law No. 344/1992 Coll. Cadastre. The second chapter deals with the characteristics of real estate in Russia. The third chapter discusses the changes which currently rules the Land of the Russian Federation passed. The old provisions of the Act are replaced by more modern and the law generally becomes easier. A special feature of the Russian legislation, the institute cadastral engineer, which is entirely devoted in the fourth chapter. The fifth chapter describes the specific differences in the area of real estate law in both countries, and the last sixth chapter deals with the future developments in this area of law in both countries
167	Transformace sociálněekonomického systému v Ruské federaci se zaměřením na hospodářství Sverdlovské oblasti / Transition of Socio-Economic System in the Russian Federation with Focus on Economy of Sverdlovsk Region Andrusenko, Ekaterina January 2013 (has links) The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the circumstances and transition of the socio-economic system of the Russian Federation. It is also focused on the regional economy of Sverdlovsk region as a socio-economic subsystem. Uralmash plant is presented here as an example of an economic player in a process of transition. The thesis is based on several specific theories: socio-economic system and its transition, evolution of the economic systems by J. Schumpeter, social choice between chaos and dictatorship based on the new comparative economics, regionalist theory and corporate finance. It is chosen comparative-historical and empirical-statistical methodology. The main finding of the thesis is the inability of the socio-economic system of the USSR to continue in development as a result of dictatorship. However, the new Russian economy fell into a structural shift. The contribution of the thesis is a comprehensive view on transition process in Russia both at national and at regional and local level. Both theoretical and practical sites of transition are reflected. Not only macroeconomic but also microeconomic point of view is taken into account.
168	Zakládání menších firem v oboru stavebnictví v Ruské federaci / Setting up of small companies in building industry in Russian Veverka, Ondřej January 2008 (has links) This master thesis deals with possibilities and conditions of entry on challenging market in Russian Federation from the point of view of setting up of company or purchasing of a existing one and also from the point of view of specifications, which are existing only just in Russia. The assignment is geographically defined on Leningrad region with focus on the urban center St. Petersburg and with branch specified on construction industry. On basis of analyzed facts in the field of accounting standards, taxation and law environment this assignment contains the recommendations in which way and with help of which procedures enter the market.
169	Framing Russia in the National Security Strategy of the United States of America Sitkevica, Elvira January 2023 (has links) Historically, the USA and Russian Federation have been two world powers that used to compete for a dominant power position in the bipolar world and spread influence on less developed countries. Relationships between the USA and Russia have mostly been complex and tense,with several escalation periods during the Cold War. Relationships between the USA and Russia in the 21st century can also be characterized by complexity and ambiguousness. The issues emerged in the process of power struggle created more tension between countries. This study aims to research framing Russia in the National Security Strategy of the United States of America issued from 2002 to 2022. The thesis also includes a history of USA-Russia relationships, and a historical review of the National Security Strategy issued since 1986. The theory that is chosen for the research is social constructivism. Within a single case-study design,I use the framing analysis method to apply to data gathered from the empirical materials –original texts of the National Security Strategy of the United States of America that are total seven within the mentioned period. Along with other conclusions, I found a tendency of negative framing after 2014 when Russia annexed Crimea and the persuasive presence of such positive frames as partnership and development, and negative frames – threat, regress, economic impact and competitive nature of relationships between countries. The degree of attention of the USA towards Russia switched periodically from being reasonably even in four issues of the National Security Strategy to bringing Russia in focus. The USA brought Russia to the most attention in 2022 and was least concentrated on Russia in the 2021 report. USA Russian Federation National Security Strategy international politics international relationships framing analysis qualitative study social constructivism Övrig annan samhällsvetenskap Media and Communications Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap
170	L’idee russe de l’Etat, contribution a la théorie juridique de l’Etat : le cas russe des origines au postcommunisme / The russian idea of the state contribution to the legal theory of the state : the russian case from its origins to the postcommunism period Lherbette-Michel, Isabelle 16 December 2013 (has links) Il existe une continuité dans l’« idée » russe de l’Etat qu’une analogie dans la continuité des systèmes ne reflète pas. De la Russie impériale à la Russie soviétique, l’Etat (Gosudarstvo) n’est pas conçu comme une entité abstraite et autonome. A la dimension césariste du pouvoir correspond la non-émergence, et du concept et de la réalité d’un Etat. Jusqu’en 1917, la conception russe du pouvoir est conditionnée par le discours idéologique – religieux. Après 1917, sa principale caractéristique est d’être subordonnée à l’idéologie, en tant qu’expression de la volonté du Parti communiste. L’Etat soviétique s’impose donc comme un Etat « de fait » et non comme un Etat « de droit ». La prédominance du discours idéologique entrave, à la fois, la constitution d’une culture de l’Etat, qui reste une culture du pouvoir, et la formation d’une culture de l’antériorité et de la supériorité du droit sur l’Etat. Après la désintégration de l’Union soviétique, la référence à la démocratie libérale et à l’Etat de droit devient un outil de la création d’une nouvelle légitimité pour l’Etat postcommuniste. L’entrée de la Russie dans la modernité politique nécessite une rupture avec les postulats idéologiques du passé. Or, la déconstruction du socialisme est un processus beaucoup plus complexe que la construction de la démocratie. Bien qu’ayant subi, sur plusieurs siècles, plusieurs types de transitions – de l’absolutisme de droit divin au socialisme, puis au postcommunisme -, l’Etat russe a donc conservé certains caractères constants et typiques qui en font, encore aujourd’hui, un modèle hybride, en tension entre autoritarisme et démocratie. / There is a continuity as concerns the « idea » of the state that an analogy with the different systems does not reflect. From imperial to Soviet Russia, the state (Gosudarstvo) is not thought of as an abstract and autonomous entity. Until 1917, the Russian conception of power is conditioned by the religious ideological discourse. After 1917, her main feature is one of submission to ideology, in other words the expression of the will of the Communist Party. The Soviet state stands out by its « de facto » nature, rather than a « de jure » state. The supremacy of the ideological discourse hampers both the constitution of a new state culture, which remains focused on power, and the formation of the precedence and the superiority of law over the state. After the disintegration of the Soviet Union, reference to liberal democracy and the rule of law becomes a tool in creating renewed legitimacy for the postcommunist state. Russia’s entry into political modernity demands a rupture with the ideological postulates of the past. The dismantlement of socialism is a much more complex process than the construction of democracy. Despite having been subjected, over centuries, to many types of transition – absolutism founded on divine right to socialism, then postcommunism -, the Russian state has always preserved certain features (be they constant or specific) that make it, and still today, a hybrid model pulling towards both authoritarianism and democracy. Antiquité Autocrate Autoritarisme Césarisme Communisme Constitution Cour constitutionnelle Discours Droit Droits de l’homme Elections Etat Etat de droit Etat de Kiev Etat impérial Etat libéral-Démocratique Etat postcommuniste Etat postsoviétique Etat russe Etat soviétique Etatique-Démocratique Fédéralisme Fédération de Russie Féodalisme Histoire Idée de l’Etat Idéologie Idéologique-Religieux Occident Parti communiste Pouvoir Président de la Fédération de Russie Russie Secrétaire général du Parti Séparation des pouvoirs Socialisme Totalitarisme Tsar Transition Union soviétique Antiquity Autocrat Authoritarianism Caesarism Communism Constitution Constitutional court Discourse Law Human rights Election State Rule of law State of Kiev Imperial state Liberal-Democratic state Postcommunist state Post-Soviet state Russian state Soviet state State-Democratic Federalism Russian Federation Feudalism History Idea of the state Ideology Religious ideological West Communist Party Power President of the Russian Federation Russia General Secretary of the Party Separation of powers Socialism Totalitarianism Tsar Transition Soviet Union 340

Search results