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Explore through nonfiction essays the question of who will record my grandmother’s generation’s stories especially the oral stories she always tells. Topics discussed will include but are not limited to: Memaw’s oral stories, familial relationships, small town life, rural-living, hard-work, hardships, upbringings, food, family gatherings, moonshine, life, death, dementia, and Alzheimer’s. In addition to the aforementioned characteristics and specific topics, my relationship as daughter to Mom and granddaughter to Memaw will be examined in comparison with and contrasted to other matriarchal powers in my family.

Mineola is a poetic, observational, immersive documentary centered in the town of Mineola, Texas. The film provides an intimate, first person perspective of different locations in the town as well as underlying subversive beliefs and traditions. The film’s authoritative perspective guides the viewer not only in a direction of observation but personal connection to nostalgia of small communities.

Le but premier de ce travail est de préciser l’importance des productions végétales au sein des agglomérations secondaires gallo-romaines du centre bassin parisien. Le corpus est motivé par des choix chronologiques et géographiques : l’ensemble des sites est localisé au sein du bassin parisien et occupé entre le Ier et le Ve siècle ap. J.-C. Qu’entendons-nous par productions végétales ? Nous percevons trois cas différents : les productions végétales agricoles et donc alimentaires, que nous retrouvons par exemple dans les contextes urbains sous la forme des céréales produites, en l’état actuel de nos connaissances, dans les exploitations agricoles ; les productions vivrières, toujours alimentaires, produites directement dans les agglomérations (comme les potagers et les vergers) ; les productions végétales qui servent non pas à l’alimentation mais à l’artisanat. C'est le cas du bois du noisetier en vannerie. Le raisonnement autour des productions vivrières est une question centrale : que produisaient les urbains ? Où ? Quelle pouvait être l’importance de ces productions végétales alimentaires ? Afin d'y répondre, notre réflexion se porte sur les espaces non couverts des agglomérations secondaires. Il est certain en effet que la mise en culture des espèces végétales potagères et fruitières nécessite une source de lumière : elle n’est donc praticable que dans des espaces non couverts ou « non bâtis ». / The original intention of this work is to specify the importance of the vegetable productions within the Gallo-Roman small town of the center Paris region. The corpus is justified by chronological and geographical choices: the whole of the sites is localised within the Paris region and occupied between 1th and 5 th century. What we hear by vegetable productions ? We perceive three different cases : vegetable productions agricultural and thus food; productions food, directly produced in the small town (like the kitchen gardens and the orchards); the vegetable productions which are used not for the food but for the craft industry. The reasoning around the food productions is a key question : what produced the urban? Where? Which could be the importance of these vegetable food productions ? In order to answer it, our reflexion goes on not covers spaces of the small towns.

Bakgrund: En pågående centralisering av handeln sker med en förflyttning av handel från landsbygd och mindre orter till större städer. Denna urbanisering beror på bland annat de stordriftsfördelar som större butiker och köpcentra erhåller. Den ökade konkurrensen i städerna påverkar därför handeln på mindre orter och kan riskera att utarma denna helt. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva hur handelssituationen på en mindre ort kan se ut då stark konkurrens föreligger från närbelagda orter samt att kartlägga alternativa förbättringsmöjligheter som skulle kunna tillämpas för att nå ökad lönsamhet. Metod: Fallstudien utgår ifrån en abduktiv ansats där en kvalitativ undersökning har gjorts med sju respondenter. Även en kvantitativ undersökning har genomförts med 25 deltagande företag. Slutsats: På den mindre orten upplevs konkurrensen både genom kraftig extern konkurrens från närliggande orter och en intern konkurrens från andra företag på den egna orten. Ett samarbete mellan företagarna kan bestå i att anordna gemensamma aktiviteter och att tillsammans marknadsföra orten under ett varumärke. För att detta ska fungera behövs att en person är särskilt avsatt för detta ändamål, då kan samarbetet leda till bättre resultat och bättre sammanhållning inom orten. / Background: An ongoing centralization of the trade is carried out with a movement of trade from rural areas and smaller towns to larger cities. This urbanization depends, among other things, on the economies of scale that larger stores and shopping centers receive. The increased competition in the cities therefore affects the trade in small communities and may be likely to impoverish the whole. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe what the trade situation in a small town looks like when there is a strong competition from nearby cities and to identify alternative improvement options that could be applied to achieve increased profitability. Research method: The case study is based on an abductive process in which a qualitative study has been made with seven respondents. A quantitative survey has also been carried out with 25 participating companies answering the survey. Conclusion: In the smaller town the competition in experienced by both a strong external competition from nearby cities and an internal competition from other companies in the own town. Collaboration between entrepreneurs can be to organize joint activities and to jointly market the trade in the town under one trademark. For this to work it is required that one person is earmarked for that purpose, then the cooperation can lead to better results and better cohesiveness in the town.

Beginning in 1980, large forestry corporations in British Columbia began to rapidly downsize and restructure their operations. The combination of volatile international market conditions, increasing demands for environmental conservation, First Nation?s land claims, higher stumpage rates, American protectionism, a declining timber supply, and introduction of labor saving technologies, made it no longer profitable for these companies to employ large numbers of workers under a Fordist organizational structure. The tremendous job losses seriously compromised the sustainability of forestry dependent communities throughout the province. The responses from forestry based communities in B. C. have been diverse. Some have chosen to take a more passive approach and have become bedroom communities to larger urban centers or retirement destinations. Others have actively pursued economic diversification through increased entrepreneurial activities. No matter which alternative individual communities have chosen to pursue, it is evident that they are all undergoing a significant transformation. This exploratory study examines how the identity (or image) of these places has evolved, and investigates the impact this has had on local residents. The three Vancouver Island communities of Chemainus, Sooke, and Port Alberni have been selected as case studies. A variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods are employed including a resident survey, personal interviews, and review of real estate guides and promotional materials. Overall the findings suggest that the identity associated with each case study community has both positively and negatively perceived elements. With a greater appreciation for these elements, it was possible for the researcher to make a variety of justifiable recommendations to improve current planning policies and processes, in each of the case studies, which will help them build a stronger, more positive image, and therefore become healthier, more viable, and sustainable communities. By emphasizing the significance of identity for community planning, and by outlining the participatory methods necessary to conduct an in depth identity investigation, this study also paves the way for future investigations on other British Columbia communities in transition and for the widespread use of the principle of identity as a contributory decision-making strategy in the planning profession.

This thesis focuses on Canadian Prairie communities and how architecture plays a role in promoting community engagement and interaction. The ideal components of a healthy rural town include its identity, sense of community and a strong relationship to the landscape, all of which are threatened by both internal and external influences. The large urban centers in close proximity to rural communities are a major influence over the direction of development. The growth of the urban fabric is understood only after studying the historical factors that have shaped its foundation, as well as its relationship to larger regional forces. These forces have changed the urban morphology — shifting from an emphasis centered on community to one that is more focused upon economic development. This change does not suggest that these elements are completely separate from one another, but instead that the emphasis has shifted – bringing with it a whole new set of priorities. Increased development along major arterial highways is favoured over downtown growth; vehicular transportation dominates over the pedestrian; subdivisions are planned and built by developers to maximize economic gain rather than foster a sense of community; and community-based projects are no longer the norm. Unfortunately this has resulted in a loss of citizen participation and engagement. An in-depth urban analysis of the town is central to the development of future design and development strategies. Case studies of comparable cities, towns or villages will help guide the development of design principles, strategies and processes necessary to promote a healthy rural community. By exploring the complexities of rural development, strategies and interventions that address these issues can be articulated and applied.

Beginning in 1980, large forestry corporations in British Columbia began to rapidly downsize and restructure their operations. The combination of volatile international market conditions, increasing demands for environmental conservation, First Nation?s land claims, higher stumpage rates, American protectionism, a declining timber supply, and introduction of labor saving technologies, made it no longer profitable for these companies to employ large numbers of workers under a Fordist organizational structure. The tremendous job losses seriously compromised the sustainability of forestry dependent communities throughout the province. The responses from forestry based communities in B. C. have been diverse. Some have chosen to take a more passive approach and have become bedroom communities to larger urban centers or retirement destinations. Others have actively pursued economic diversification through increased entrepreneurial activities. No matter which alternative individual communities have chosen to pursue, it is evident that they are all undergoing a significant transformation. This exploratory study examines how the identity (or image) of these places has evolved, and investigates the impact this has had on local residents. The three Vancouver Island communities of Chemainus, Sooke, and Port Alberni have been selected as case studies. A variety of quantitative and qualitative research methods are employed including a resident survey, personal interviews, and review of real estate guides and promotional materials. Overall the findings suggest that the identity associated with each case study community has both positively and negatively perceived elements. With a greater appreciation for these elements, it was possible for the researcher to make a variety of justifiable recommendations to improve current planning policies and processes, in each of the case studies, which will help them build a stronger, more positive image, and therefore become healthier, more viable, and sustainable communities. By emphasizing the significance of identity for community planning, and by outlining the participatory methods necessary to conduct an in depth identity investigation, this study also paves the way for future investigations on other British Columbia communities in transition and for the widespread use of the principle of identity as a contributory decision-making strategy in the planning profession.

This thesis focuses on Canadian Prairie communities and how architecture plays a role in promoting community engagement and interaction. The ideal components of a healthy rural town include its identity, sense of community and a strong relationship to the landscape, all of which are threatened by both internal and external influences. The large urban centers in close proximity to rural communities are a major influence over the direction of development. The growth of the urban fabric is understood only after studying the historical factors that have shaped its foundation, as well as its relationship to larger regional forces. These forces have changed the urban morphology — shifting from an emphasis centered on community to one that is more focused upon economic development. This change does not suggest that these elements are completely separate from one another, but instead that the emphasis has shifted – bringing with it a whole new set of priorities. Increased development along major arterial highways is favoured over downtown growth; vehicular transportation dominates over the pedestrian; subdivisions are planned and built by developers to maximize economic gain rather than foster a sense of community; and community-based projects are no longer the norm. Unfortunately this has resulted in a loss of citizen participation and engagement. An in-depth urban analysis of the town is central to the development of future design and development strategies. Case studies of comparable cities, towns or villages will help guide the development of design principles, strategies and processes necessary to promote a healthy rural community. By exploring the complexities of rural development, strategies and interventions that address these issues can be articulated and applied.