Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, 2010. / Title from screen (viewed on July 21, 2010). Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Michael Sturek, Jeffrey A. Breall, Robert V. Considine, Alexander Obukhov, Johnathan D. Tune. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 212-240).

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Univ. , 2009. / Härtill 3 uppsatser.

Το μεταβολικό σύνδρομο, αποτελεί ένα σύνολο διαταραχών, όπως η κοιλιακή παχυσαρκία, η υπεργλυκαιμία, η χαμηλή HDL χοληστερόλη (HDL-C), τα αυξημένα τριγλυκερίδια (ΤRG) και η υπέρταση. Αν και η συχνότητα του παρουσιάζεται συνεχώς αυξανόμενη παγκοσμίως, η παθογένειά του, καθώς και τα διαγνωστικά κριτήρια, παραμένουν όχι σαφώς προσδιορισμένα. Φαίνεται να σχετίζεται με τη δραστηριότητα του άξονα ΥΥΕ, όμως ο υποκείμενος μηχανισμός παραμένει ασαφής. Σκοπός της παρούσης μελέτης ήταν να διερευνήσουμε τη λειτουργία του άξονα ΥΥΕ σε ασθενείς με μεταβολικό σύνδρομο και να εξετάσουμε αν η δραστηριότητα του άξονα ΥΥΕ σχετίζεται με τα επί μέρους στοιχεία του μεταβολικού συνδρόμου. Υλικό και Μέθοδος: Μελετήθηκαν 159 συνολικά άτομα, τα οποία χωρίστηκαν σε δύο ομάδες. Η πρώτη ομάδα (ομάδα ατόμων με μεταβολικό σύνδρομο) περιελάμβανε 86 άτομα με μεταβολικό σύνδρομο, 48 άνδρες και 38 γυναίκες, μέσης ηλικίας 52.2±7.6 έτη, mean±SD, και με δείκτη σωματικής μάζας 30.5±5.35 kg/m², mean±SD. Η δεύτερη ομάδα (ομάδα ελέγχου) περιελάμβανε 73 υγιή άτομα (μάρτυρες), 19 άνδρες και 54 γυναίκες, μέσης ηλικίας 49.9±7.5 έτη, mean±SD, και με δείκτη μάζας σώματος 27.9±4.42 kg/m², mean±SD. Οι δύο ομάδες ήταν συγκρίσιμες ως προς την ηλικία. Όλα τα άτομα υπεβλήθησαν σε δοκιμασία ανοχής 75g γλυκόζης από το στόμα (OGTT) μετά από νηστεία 12 ωρών, και δείγματα αίματος ελήφθησαν για τον προσδιορισμό της ACTH, της κορτιζόλης, της ινσουλίνης, του C-πεπτιδίου και της γλυκόζης. Τα επίπεδα κορτιζόλης ορού μετά από δοκιμασία ολονύκτιας καταστολής με 1mg δεξαμεθαζόνης (DXM) μετρήθηκαν και στις δύο ομάδες. Αποτελέσματα: Οι ασθενείς με μεταβολικό σύνδρομο είχαν στατιστικώς σημαντικά υψηλότερα επίπεδα κορτιζόλης ορού μετά από ολονύκτια δοκιμασία καταστολής με δεξαμεθαζόνη σε σχέση με τους υγιείς μάρτυρες. Καθ’όλη τη διάρκεια της δοκιμασίας ΟGTT τα επίπεδα της ΑCTH πλάσματος ήταν υψηλότερα στην ομάδα με μεταβολικό σύνδρομο σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα ελέγχου, ενώ τα επίπεδα κορτιζόλης ορού ήταν συγκρίσιμα μεταξύ των δύο ομάδων. Σε όλους τους χρόνους της δοκιμασίας OGTT τα επίπεδα της γλυκόζης, της ινσουλίνης και του C-πεπτιδίου ήταν στατιστικώς σημαντικά υψηλότερα στην ομάδα με μεταβολικό σύνδρομο σε σύγκριση με την ομάδα ελέγχου. Επίσης, η ΑCTH κατά τη δοκιμασία OGTT παρουσίασε στατιστικώς σημαντική θετική συσχέτιση με το μεταβολικό σύνδρομο και τα περισσότερα στοιχεία του, ενώ δεν βρέθηκε συσχέτιση μεταξύ της κορτιζόλης κατά τη διάρκεια της δοκιμασίας OGTT και του μεταβολικού συνδρόμου. Συμπεράσματα: Ο άξονας ΥΥΕ φαίνεται να είναι περισσότερο δραστήριος στους ασθενείς με μεταβολικό σύνδρομο, όπως αποδεικνύεται από τα υψηλότερα επίπεδα κορτιζόλης μετά από ολονύκτια δοκιμασία καταστολής με δεξαμεθαζόνη και τα αυξημένα επίπεδα ACTH κατά τη διάρκεια της δοκιμασίας OGTT. Το εύρημα αυτό ενισχύει την άποψη ότι υφίσταται «λειτουργική» υπερκορτιζολαιμία στην εκδήλωση του μεταβολικού συνδρόμου. / Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is correlated with the activity of Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis (HPA) but the underlying mechanism still remains elusive.The aim of this study was to investigate the HPA axis function in patients with MetS. Materials/Methods: This case-control study included 159 people. They were divided into 2 groups. The first group included 73 healthy volunteers (control group: 19 male, 54 female, mean±SD: 49.9±7.5 years old, with BMI: 27.9±4.42 kg/m2) and the second group included 86 patients with MetS (case group: 48 male, 38 female, mean±SD: 52.2±7.6 years old, with BMI: 30.5±5.35 kg/m2). An oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed for all subjects after a 12-h overnight fast, and blood samples were obtained for determination of ACTH, cortisol, insulin, C-peptide, and glucose levels. Serum cortisol after an overnight dexamethasone suppression test was determined in both groups. Results: Patients with MetS had serum cortisol levels after an overnight dexamethasone suppression test significantly higher than controls. During OGTT plasma ACTH levels were higher at all time points in patients with MetS compared to controls, whereas serum cortisol levels were comparable between the 2 groups. Plasma ACTH during OGTT was also correlated with most of the components of MetS. Conclusions: The HPA axis in patients with MetS seems to be more active as evidenced by the higher cortisol levels after the overnight dexamethasone suppression test and by the higher ACTH levels during OGTT. This functional hypercortisolism might be involved in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome.

Thesis (MNutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The possible advantages of vitamin D supplementation on various cardiometabolic conditions have been examined over the past few years. Vitamin D supplementation has possibly shown effects on each of the individual components of the metabolic syndrome i.e.: obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether or not vitamin D supplementation has any effect on any of the components of the metabolic syndrome. We searched the (Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trails (Central), Medline, Science direct, ISI Web of knowledge and Scopus during 2010 (repeated search in 2012). We found four randomized controlled trials that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. Three hundred and seventy three patients were included in these four randomized controlled trails comparing vitamin D supplementation with placebo. Duration of treatment was a minimum of 4 weeks, through to a maximum of on-year. The different trials looked at various components of the metabolic syndrome as outcomes. The results were not consistent amongst the trials and the results could not be combined in a meta-analysis due to heterogeneity in study design and outcomes measured. The current systematic review highlights the shortcomings in the published data and we recommend further trials be undertaken before vitamin D supplementation can be recommended as beneficial for patients with the metabolic syndrome. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die moontlike voordele van vitamien D-aanvullings op verskillende kardiometaboliese toestande is oor die afgelope paar jaar ondersoek. Daar is aangetoon dat vitamien Daanvullings uitwerkings het op elk van die individuele komponente van die metaboliese sindroom naamlik vetsug, hipertensie, dislipidemie en glukose-intoleransie. Die doel van hierdie sistematiese oorsig was om vas te stel of vitamien D-aanvullings enige uitwerking het op enige van die komponente van die metaboliese sindroom of nie. Ons het gedurende 2010 soektogte uitgevoer op die Cochrane Sentrale register van gekontroleerde proewe (Central), Medline, Science Direct, ISI Web of Knowledge en Scopus (soektog is in 2012 herhaal). Ons het vier verewekansigde gekontroleerde proewe wat aan ons insluiting- en uitsluitingskriteria voldoen het, opgespoor. Driehonderd drie en sewentig pasiënte is by die vier proewe ingesluit. Al vier proewe het vitamien D-aanvullings met plasebo vergelyk. Die duur van behandeling het van 4 weke tot een jaar gestrek. Die verskillende proewe het gekyk na verskillende komponente van die metaboliese sindroom as uitkomste. Die resultate van die onderskeie proewe was nie konsekwent nie. Die huidige sistematiese oorsig belig die tekortkominge in die gepubliseerde data en ons beveel aan dat verdere proewe onderneem word om vas te stel of dit nuttig is om vitamien D aanvullings vir pasiënte met die metaboliese sindroom aan te beveel, en of dit dalk skadelik kan wees.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-13T14:50:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-08-13T18:00:41Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000756432.pdf: 414378 bytes, checksum: b7093186840f8da5c5bba22c3fad8958 (MD5) / Desde 1998, oito definições para o diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica (SM) foram propostas por instituições e/ou grupos de especialistas, com o objetivo de identificar corretamente os indivíduos expostos à maior risco cardiovascular. A existência de múltiplas definições para o diagnóstico da SM tem dificultado a determinação de suas taxas de prevalência. Independentemente da diretriz utilizada para seu diagnóstico, os dados de frequência mostram que a SM é um grande problema de saúde pública no mundo todo e o número de pessoas afetadas é crescente. Isso se deve ao aumento das taxas de obesidade, particularmente a obesidade visceral, que é considerada o elemento chave no desenvolvimento da SM. A produção de adipocinas pelo tecido adiposo visceral é o fator que associa a obesidade à resistência a insulina (RI). Para avaliação da RI, o clamp euglicêmico hiperinsulinêmico é a metodologia considerada padrão ouro, mas o homeostatic model assessment pode ser utilizado com essa finalidade por se tratar de método já validado. A gordura corporal e sua distribuição tem grande influência sobre a RI, e sua avaliação tem forte correlação com a RI. Os exames de imagem, como a tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética são importantes ferramentas na pesquisa de composição corporal em seres humanos, pois permitem a mensuração acurada e precisa das gorduras visceral e subcutânea localizadas na região abdominal. Medidas antropométricas também podem ser utilizadas para avaliação da obesidade, por apresentam baixo custo, inocuidade e simplicidade em sua execução. Medidas antropométricas de obesidade parecem estar associadas com as alterações metabólicas relacionadas com a RI e destacam-se como indicadores não invasivos para a avaliação do risco de RI, tanto na pesquisa epidemiológica como na prática clínica. São eles: diâmetro abdominal sagital, circunferência abdominal, circunferência ... / Since 1998, eight definitions for the diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MS) have been proposed by institutions and/or groups of experts, in order to correctly identify individuals exposed to increased cardiovascular risk. The existence of multiple definitions for the diagnosis of MS is difficult to determine their prevalence rates. Regardless of the guideline used for diagnosis, the frequency data show that SM is a big public health problem worldwide and the number of people affected is increasing. This is due to increased rates of obesity, particularly visceral obesity, which is considered a key element in the development of MS. The production of adipokines by visceral adipose tissue is the factor that links obesity to insulin resistance (IR). To assess IR, the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp is considered the gold standard methodology, but the homeostatic model assessment can be used for this purpose, because it is already validated method. Body fat and its distribution has great influence on the IR, and its evaluation has strong correlation with IR. Imaging tests such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are important tools in research body composition in humans, because they allow the accurate and precise measurement of visceral and subcutaneous fat located in the abdominal region. Anthropometric measurements can also be used to assess obesity, by presenting low cost, safety and simplicity in implementation. Anthropometric measures of obesity seem to be associated with metabolic changes related to IR and stand out as noninvasive indicators for the risk assessment of IR, both in epidemiological research and clinical practice. They are: sagittal abdominal diameter, abdominal circumference, neck circumference, conicity index, waist-height, body mass index, body fat percentage, waist-hip ratio, waist-hip ratio and sagittal index. In the general population, MS is associated with high cardiovascular mortality, which is ...

Orientador: Iracema de Mattos Paranhos Calderon / Resumo: INTRODUÇÃO – Síndrome Metabólica (SM) está associada a gestações complicadas por Hiperglicemia Gestacional Leve (HGL) e Diabetes Melito Gestacional (DMG). OBJETIVO – Avaliar marcadores diagnósticos de SM, definidos por diferentes protocolos, na predição de HGL ou DMG. MÉTODO – Estudo de corte transversal, incluindo 506 mulheres, de gestação única e sem hiperglicemia, avaliadas na idade gestacional (IG) < ou ≥ 24 semanas, e submetidas a TOTG-75g e perfil glicêmico (PG) entre 24 e 28 semanas. Foram obtidos dados clínicos, antropométricos e laboratoriais – glicose de jejum (GJ), hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c), insulina basal e perfil lipídico. Os marcadores diagnósticos de SM, referenciados em três protocolos, foram relacionados a HGL ou DMG, por análises de regressão logística (OR e IC95%) e desempenho preditivo (Sensibilidade e Especificidade), p< 0,05. RESULTADOS – Dos protocolos de SM avaliados, TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, PA ≥ 130 / 85 mmHg, GJ ≥ 100 mg/dL e CC > 88 cm foram FR independentes para HGL ou DMG. Pela análise de desempenho, novos limites foram identificados – na IG < 24 sem, IMC pré ≥ 25 kg/m2 (72,7/50,6%) e CC ≥ 88 cm (78,1/43,9%); na IG ≥ 24 sem, TG ≥ 125 mg/dL (97,7/17,8%) e IMC ≥ 25 Kg/m2 (81,4/45,0%) apresentaram o melhor balanço Sens/Esp. CONCLUSÃO – Este estudo definiu marcadores diagnósticos de SM como preditores de risco independentes, mas novos limites testados tiveram melhor desempenho na predição de HGL ou DMG. Estes resultados deverão auxiliar na instituição de me... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: BACKGROUND – Metabolic Syndrome (MS) has been associated with Mild Gestational Hyperglycemia (MGH) and Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). OBJECTIVE - To assess the role of MS diagnostic markers proposed in three different sets of guidelines in the prediction of hyperglycemia (MGH or GDM) in pregnancy. METHODS – This cross-sectional cohort study undertaken between March/2014-December/2016, included women with a singleton pregnancy and no hyperglycemia at gestational age (GA) <or ≥ 24 weeks, who underwent a 75g-Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (75g-OGTT) and Glucose Profile ( GP) testing at 24-28 weeks. Clinical, anthropometric and laboratory data (fasting glucose-FG, glycated hemoglobin-HbA1c, basal insulin and lipid profile) were obtained. The relationship between MS markers and risk of MGH or GDM was evaluated by logistic regression analysis (OR, 95% CI). MS markers predictive performance (Sensitivity and Specificity) was also assessed (p <0.05). RESULTS - TG ≥ 150 mg/dL, BP ≥ 130/85 mmHg, FG ≥ 100 mg/dL and WC> 88 cm were identified as independent risk factors for MGH and GDM. Performance analysis identified new limits. Pregestational BMI≥25 kg/m2 (72.7/50.6%) and WC≥88 cm (78.1/43.9%) at GA<24 weeks; and TG≥125 mg/dL (97.7/17.8%) and BMI≥25 kg/m2 (81.4/45.0%) at GA≥24 weeks showed optimal Sensitivity/Specificity balance. CONCLUSION – MS diagnositic markers can independently predict risk, but new different thresholds showed better performance in predicting MGH and GDM. These r... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

Os objetivos desse estudo foram: (1) avaliar se o diagnóstico da periodontite crônica pode auxiliar na identificação de pacientes com síndrome metabólica, e (2) verificar o efeito da terapia periodontal não-cirúrgica sobre os componentes utilizados para o diagnóstico da síndrome metabólica nos pacientes com periodontite crônica. No estudo 1 foram avaliados 33 pacientes com periodontitecrônica (idade média 50,3, DP 7,9 anos) e 36 pacientes controles (gengivite/saudável) (idade média 39,7, DP 10,3 anos), sem diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica. Os pacientes foram avaliados clinica e laboratorialmente para verificar possível associação entre a presença de periodontite e diagnóstico precoce de síndrome metabólica. Os parâmetros clínicos usados foram: Índice de placa visível (IPV), índice de sangramento gengival (ISG), profundidade de bolsa à sondagem (PBS) e nível de inserção clínica (NIC). Os níveis séricos de proteína C Reativa (PCR), glicemia em jejum, colesterol e triglicerídeos foram analisados. Também foram verificados peso, altura, circunferência da cintura, Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e pressão arterial. No estudo 2, os pacientes com periodontite crônica foram tratados através da terapia periodontal não-cirúrgica e reavaliados 90 dias após tratamentopara nova avaliação de exames clínicos (PBS, NI, IPV, ISG). Os dados depeso, altura, circunferência da cintura, IMC e pressão arterial e as avaliações séricas foram repetidas e comparadas aos do dia 0. No estudo 1 foi constatado que o nível sérico de glicose e o número de itens da síndrome metabólica presentes foram estatisticamente maiores no grupo teste do que no grupo controle. No estudo 2, os níveis de glicose, colesterol, LDL, PCR e número de itens da síndrome metabólica presentes reduziram significantemente e o HDL aumentou significantemente após a terapia periodontal não-cirúrgica. Assim, podemos concluir que o diagnóstico de periodontite crônica aumenta a chance de diagnóstico de síndrome metabólica e que o tratamento periodontal foi eficaz em melhorar alguns componentes da síndrome metabólica. / The aims of this study were: (1) to assess whether the diagnostic of chronic periodontitis mayidentify patients with metabolic syndrome, and (2) to verify the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on the components used for the diagnostic of the metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic periodontitis. In study 1, 33 patients with chronic periodontitis (age 50.3, DP 7.9 years) and 36 patients and controls (gingivitis/healthy) (age 39.7, DP 10.3 years), without diagnostic of metabolic syndrome were examined.The patients were evaluated clinically and laboratory to verify possible association between the presence of periodontitis and early diagnose of metabolic syndrome. The clinical parameters used were: visible plaque index (VPI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing pocket depth (PPD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), fasting glucose, cholesterol and triglycerides were analyzed. Weight, height, waist circumference, body mass Index (BMI) and blood pressure were also assessed.In study 2, patients with chronic periodontitis received non-surgical periodontal therapy and 90 days after treatment were reevaluated to new clinical assessment (VPI, GI, BOP, PPD and CAL). The data of weight, height, waist circumference, BMI and blood pressure and serum assessments were repeated and compared to day 0.In study 1,the serum glucose level and the number of items of the metabolic syndrome present were statistically higher in the test group as compared to values observed in the control group. In study 2, the levels of glucose, cholesterol, LDL, and number of items in the metabolic syndrome present significantly reduced and HDL increased significantly after non-surgical periodontal therapy. In conclusion, chronic periodontitis diagnostic increases the chance of diagnostic of metabolic syndrome and periodontal treatment was effective in improving some components of metabolic syndrome.

Existe uma significativa associação entre a prevalência de doenças cardiovasculares e a síndrome metabólica. Evidências mostram que a obesidade está associada a alterações estruturais e funcionais do coração. As estatinas podem reduzir a síntese endógena de colesterol e, portanto, são utilizadas como uma importante ferramenta contra a hipercolesterolemia em pacientes obesos. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo estudar os efeitos da rosuvastatina no metabolismo lipídico e dos carboidratos, morfometria do tecido adiposo e no remodelamento cardíaco de camundongos alimentados com uma dieta hiperlipídica. Neste trabalho foram utilizados 50 camundongos distribuidos em cinco grupos: grupo controle (alimentado com dieta padrão), grupo hiperlipídico (alimentado com dieta hipelipídica 60%), grupo hiperlipídico + rosuvastatina 10 (alimentado com dieta hipelipídica 60% - acrescido de 10 mg de rosuvastatina), grupo hiperlipídico + rosuvastatina 20 (alimentado com dieta hipelipídica 60% - acrescido de 20 mg de rosuvastatina), grupo hiperlipídico + rosuvastatina 40 (alimentado com dieta hipelipídica 60% - acrescido de 40 mg de rosuvastatina). Foram estudados os efeitos do tratamento com diferentes doses de rosuvastatina na massa corporal, metabolismo dos carboidratos e lipídios, pressão arterial, remodelamento na estrutura cardíaca e mudanças ultraestruturais no coração de camundongos C57BL / 6 machos alimentados com uma dieta hiperlipídica. O tratamento com rosuvastatina reduziu os níveis de lípidos no sangue, melhorou a resistência à insulina e diminuiu a pressão arterial dos camundongos alimentados com dieta rica em lipídeos. Além disso, atenuou o remodelamento cardíaco, diminuindo a fibrose intersticial e perivascular, e manteve a integridade morfológica mitocondrial, com menor produção de proteina desacopladora-2 (UCP2). Assim, a rosuvastatina tem efeitos benéficos sobre as alterações metabólicas dos carboidratos e lipídios, e no remodelamento cardíaco induzidas por dieta hiperlipídica. / There is a significant association between the prevalence of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. Evidence shows that obesity is associated with structural and functional changes in the heart. Statins can reduce the endogenous synthesis of cholesterol and are therefore used as an important tool against hypercholesterolemia in obese. The present work aims to study the effects of rosuvastatin in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, adipose tissue morphometry and cardiac remodeling. In this work we studied the effects of rosuvastatin treatment on the body mass, insulin resistance, lipid profile, blood pressure, cardiac remodeling and structure and ultrastructural changes in the heart of the C57BL/6 male mice fed a high-fat diet. The rosuvastatin treatment reduced levels of blood lipids, improve insulin resistance, reduced blood pressure and body mass of high-fat mice. Furthermore, it attenuated cardiac remodelling, decreasing the interstitial and perivascular fibrosis, and maintained the integrity of mitochondrial morphology, with a lower production of UCP-2. Rosuvastatin had beneficial effects on cardiac changes induced by high-fat diet, as well as in mitochondrial morphology, thus controlled energy production to maintain cardiomyocyte integrity.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-01Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:09:49Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silveira_jq_me_arafcf.pdf: 547711 bytes, checksum: b59a161a868796ba9279f965c790ccc1 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / Tem sido evidenciado que o consumo do suco de laranja amarela melhora a sensibilidade insulínica, o perfil lipídico, a pressão arterial, o estresse oxidativo e a inflamação, condições fisiopatológicas relacionadas às doenças crônicas como cardiovasculares, síndrome metabólica, diabetes tipo II, obesidade e câncer. Tais efeitos se devem à presença de nutrientes (vitamina C e potássio) e compostos bioativos (flavonóides cítricos e carotenóides), que atuam de forma sinérgica protegendo o organismo. O suco de laranja de polpa vermelha apresenta além destes componentes, o licopeno que atua como um potente antioxidante celular. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o efeito do consumo regular do suco de laranja vermelha sobre os fatores de risco da síndrome metabólica, incluindo circunferência da cintura aumentada, hipertrigliceridemia, baixo HDL-C, hipertensão arterial e intolerância à glicose. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados em dois diferentes estudos os quais foram escritos na forma de artigo científico, sendo que no primeiro foi dado ênfase nos parâmetros antropométricos e no segundo os parâmetros bioquímicos e hemodinâmicos. Homens e mulheres saudáveis consumiram diariamente 750mL de suco de laranja vermelha durante oito semanas consecutivas. No início e no final do tratamento foram realizadas avaliações antropométrica (peso corporal, estatura, dobras cutâneas e circunferências) bioquímica (glicose, insulina, hemoglobina glicada, colesterol total, LDL-C, HDL-C, Apo A e B, proteína C reativa, atividade antioxidante por DPPH, resistência insulínica pelo índice HOMA), hemodinâmica (pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica). O tratamento com o suco de laranja vermelha não alterou a circunferência da cintura, diminuiu o colesterol total, LDL-C, proteína C reativa e pressão arterial, além de aumentar a atividade antioxidante no soro... / It has been shown that the consumption of blond orange juice improves insulin sensitivity, lipid profile, blood pressure, oxidative stress and inflammation, pathophysiological conditions related to chronic diseases such as cardiovascular, metabolic syndrome, diabetes type II, obesity and cancer. These effects are due to the presence of nutrients (vitamin C and potassium) and bioactive compounds (citrus flavonoids and carotenoids), which act synergistically protects the body. Besides these components the red orange juice has lycopene that acts as a potent antioxidant. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of regular consumption of red orange juice on the risk factors of metabolic syndrome, including increased waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-C, hypertension and glucose intolerance. The results were analyzed in two different studies which were written in the form of a scientific paper, the first one emphasizes the anthropometric parameters and in the second one biochemical and hemodynamics parameters. Healthy men and women consumed daily 750mL of red orange juice for eight consecutive weeks. At the beginning and end of treatment were evaluated anthropometric (body weight, height, skinfolds and circumferences) biochemical (glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, Apo A and B, C-reactive protein antioxidant activity by DPPH, insulin resistance by HOMA index), hemodynamic (systolic and diastolic). Treatment with red orange juice did not alter the waist circumference, decreased total cholesterol, LDL-C, C-reactive protein and blood pressure, besides increasing the antioxidant activity in serum of volunteers. We suggest that the orange juice does not influence the increase in body weight and other measures and has properties like hypolipidemic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2005-12-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:21:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ramos_app_dr_arafcf.pdf: 851100 bytes, checksum: 7ccabebac97be5df71fc05a6ae2c90ff (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O excesso de peso, classificado como sobrepeso ou obesidade, tem aumentado em grande proporção em todo o mundo e está associado à elevação da morbidade e da mortalidade, pois é considerado um importante fator de risco para as Doenças Cardiovasculares (DCV). A epidemia do excesso de peso tem afetado indistintamente todos os grupos etários e classes sociais e está associado ao aumento da prevalência de síndrome metabólica e de Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM 2), inclusive em crianças e adolescentes. O objetivo geral desse trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros metabólicos e os indicadores de RI associados à síndrome metabólica em adolescentes do sexo feminino. Foram incluídas no estudo 50 adolescentes do sexo feminino com excesso de peso (sobrepeso ou obesidade) e 189 adolescentes com peso corporal normal. Os parâmetros determinados foram insulinemia de jejum, glicemia de jejum, glicemia pós-sobrecarga (TOTG), leptinemia, perfil lipídico, peptídeo C, ácido úrico, proteína C ultra-sensível (PCR-us), pressão arterial e circunferência abdominal e os índices de RI determinados foram QUICKI e HOMA. De acordo com os critérios mais utilizados para a caracterização da síndrome metabólica, pelo menos 28% das adolescentes com excesso de peso apresentavam síndrome metabólica. Entretanto, as adolescentes não classificadas com a síndrome metabólica também apresentaram alterações importantes como obesidade abdominal, hiperleptinemia, hiperuricemia e níveis de PCR-us aumentados. Em conclusão, as adolescentes do sexo feminino com excesso de peso apresentaram alterações importantes de fatores de risco cardiovascular especialmente hiperinsulinemia, hiperleptinemia e obesidade abdominal. / The excess of weight, meant as overweight or obesity, has grown greatly in the whole world and it is associated with the increase of morbidity and mortality. It has been considered an important risk factor for the cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The epidemic of obesity has indistinctly affected all ages and social categories and it is associated to the expansion of the metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus type 2, including children and adolescents. The main objective of this work was to analyze the metabolic parameters and the indicators of the IR associated to the metabolic syndrome in female adolescents. A total of 50 adolescents were included in this study with overweight or obesity and 189 adolescents with normal corporal weight. The determining parameters were: fasting insulin, fasting glucose, glucose tolerance test, leptin, lipidic profile, C-peptide, uric acid, ultra-sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP-us), blood pressure, abdominal circumference, and the IR indexes QUICKI and HOMA. According to the most used criteria for the characterization of the metabolic syndrome, at least 28% of the adolescents who presented overweight also presented the metabolic syndrome. However, the adolescents who were not classified as having the metabolic syndrome also showed important alterations such as abdominal obesity, high leptin and high PCR-us. In conclusion, the overweight female adolescents presented important risk factors for cardiovascular diseases especially abdominal obesity hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia.