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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
81

小客車租賃業者之經營績效評估-以台北市甲種小客車租賃業為例 / A Performance Evaluation of Car Rental Industry in Taipei

許治威, Hsu, Chih Wei Unknown Date (has links)
近年來面對國際市場開放的趨勢,台灣的運輸業市場結構產生了劇烈轉變,政府亦隨之修正小客車租賃業的管理政策,從消極保護管制走向積極開放管理,然而對於簽訂泛太平洋戰略經濟夥伴協議(TPP)、東南亞區域全面經濟夥伴協定(RCEP)以及兩岸服務貿易協議(ECFA)等區域性經濟體協定後,小客車租賃業屬於被開放的行業,勢必得面對激烈的全球化競爭。因此,如何提升企業或產業整體的經營績效及國際競爭力,乃是目前小客車租賃業者的要務。 本研究以16家設立於台北市的甲種小客車租賃業者為對象進行效率評估,分析2010年至2014年租賃業者經營效率之表現,第一階段選取投入項及產出項,採用DEA法運算出總效率、技術效率及經濟規模效率,衡量各業者在資源運用上的優劣及營運績效,並分析各業者的經營狀況。第二階段則以DEA法求得之效率值,將總效率、純技術效率及規模效率為被解釋變數進行TOBIT迴歸分析,找出租賃業內部的環境因子對各甲種小客車租賃業者經營效率之影響。經實證結果發現在研究期間內小客車租賃業者經營效率表現較佳以及較差有集團化的趨勢,經營效率表現較佳的公司排名變化差異較大,稍有不慎即可能落入領先集團之中段行列,在經營效率表現較差的落後集團的公司中,排名變化差異並無重大改變,其成員組成改變也不大。在第二階段TOBIT迴歸分析發現資本額越高、負債越低及稅前純益越高,越有利於全體樣本台北市甲種小客車租賃業總效率及規模效率之提升,但對於純技術效率來說,所選取之變數皆呈現不顯著相關性。
82

中國大陸城市銀行經營績效之影響因素分析-兼論地方首長任期之角色 / Determinants of Performance Efficiency of China's City Commercial Banks--Discussion of The Role of Local Governor's Tenure

蔡宛晏, Tsai, Wan Yen Unknown Date (has links)
隨著中國大陸2001年加入世界貿易組織逐步開放金融服務業以來,外資銀行無不爭先進入這個僅次於美國的第二經濟體搶食大餅,但外資銀行盈利表現仍較本土陸銀遜色,究其原因主要乃是外資銀行通路不若陸銀普遍。台灣自2010年與中國大陸簽訂《海峽兩岸經濟合作框架協議》以來,至2013年6月底止台資銀行已有10家在陸設分行,為加速台資在陸布局,解決據點不足之問題,以參股之形態將可快速獲得陸銀已普設據點及深耕原有客戶之好處。 在承作業務限制、營運風險以及持股比例等因素考量下,本文以城市商業銀行作為研究對象,試圖探究城市商業銀行經營績效之影響因素,以作為台資銀行參股陸資銀行之參考。本研究蒐集2006年至2011年中國大陸地區城市商業銀行相關財務資料,共計398個樣本,先以資料包絡分析法求得各城市商業銀行效率,再以Tobit模型進一步分析影響其效率之因素為何。實證發現,地方首長任期年數、資產規模、權益資產比及地方生產總值皆對城市商業銀行經營效率有顯著正向的影響。而壞帳率則對城市商業銀行之經營績效有顯著的負向影響。 另外我們亦加入了城市商業銀行所在地區及時間二個虛擬變數,發現位處沿海地區亦較內陸地區經營績效為高,而在2006年至2011年之觀察期中,城市商業銀行經營效率有相較於前一年,越來越低之趨勢。 / Since China has joined the World Trade Organization and has opened financial market from 2001, foreign banks strive to enter the second largest economic system. However, the performance of foreign banks is not as well as China’s banks because service network of foreign banks in China is not widespread. Investing China’s local banks directly becomes the most efficient method to get service network rapidly and serve local customers deeply. This research seeks determinants of performance efficiency of China’s city commercial banks and to be an useful reference of investing China’s banks for Taiwan. The research collects relative financial data of China’s city commercial banks from 2006 to 2011, including 398 samples. In addition, it uses DEA to get efficiency of every city commercial banks, and then analyzes what the determinants are through Tobit model. Evidence shows that governor’s tenure, scale of asset, equity-asset ratio, and GDP all have positive effect on performance efficiency of China’s city commercial banks; however, bad debt ratio has obviously negative effect on the performance efficiency of China’s city commercial banks. Moreover, we find that the offshore banks are normally inefficient than inbound banks. In addition, during 2006 to 2011 the efficiency of China’s city commercial banks show a descending trend.
83

我國證券投資信託業技術效率之探討 / A Study of Technical Efficiency of Securities Investment Trust Companies in Taiwan

沈芳如, Shen, Fang-ju Unknown Date (has links)
根據我國2003、2004年兩年度證券投資信託公司資料,本研究首先利用資料包絡分析法評估個別投信公司之技術效率;然後,以相關係數加以分析探討可能造成投信技術效率差異之因素。技術效率評估結果顯示,我國投信業者整體的技術效率平均值介於65.97﹪與75.62﹪之間,代表在投入資源運用上仍存有顯著的改善空間,若我國投信公司調整至最適規模,在維持相同的產出下,尚可減少24.38%至34.03%的投入。並且,規模效率平均值近90%,顯示造成我國投信業者其技術無效率之原因,包含了資源浪費與生產規模不當;Tobit截斷迴歸實證結果顯示,淨利率對技術效率之影響為正向但效果不顯著,投信旗下基金規模亦為正向且具1%統計顯著性;具外資持股以及金控體系內之投信,其對技術效率之影響為負向但效果不顯著,該投信非債券型基金報酬率與技術效率為負向關係且具10%統計顯著性。
84

國稅局稽徵績效之研究

劉國萍 Unknown Date (has links)
租稅收入是國家施政經費的主要來源,有足夠之財源,各項政策、建設才足以推動,在目前稅收81%均仰賴國稅局稽徵的情形下,國稅局稽徵績效之良窳不僅影響到政府施政之財源,更直接影到國民所得重分配及社會整體資源之配置。本文以資料包絡分析法(DEA),評估五區國稅局84年至93年之相對技術效率,再以Tobit截斷迴歸模型探討影響國稅局技術效率之因素為何。由技術效率評估結果發現:(一)國稅局整體而言在資源運用上仍有相當大的改善空間,無效率的原因部分係因浪費資源造成的無效率,部分則因並非在最適規模下經營。(二)就10年技術效率評估結果發現,國稅局整體的技術效率有逐年提升之趨勢,就各區局而言,北區國稅局、中區國稅局及高雄市國稅局技術效率有逐年提升之趨勢,南區國稅局自89年之後技術效率則有逐年降低之情形。Tobit截斷迴歸實證結果顯示:(一)前年度平均國民生產毛額與技術效率為正向關係, 顯示前年度平均國民生產毛額越高,稅基越大,隔年稅收越多,國稅局技術效率越佳。(二) 北部區域與技術效率為正向關係,顯示北部地區工商業林立,人口多,稅源較為豐富,稅收較多,故北部地區國稅局技術效率相對較非北部地區為佳。(三)逃漏稅比例與技術效率為負向關係, 顯示逃漏稅捐之比例越高,國稅局未作好遏止逃漏稅之工作,需要投入更多的人力來查核逃漏稅及宣導納稅義務人誠實納稅,反而不利技術效率。(四) 預算達成率與技術效率為正向關係,顯示預算達成率越高,國稅局之技術效率越佳。
85

租稅與經濟成長,地方政府財政與技術效率論文集

王肇蘭, Wang ,Chao Lan Unknown Date (has links)
人類慾望無窮而資源有限,所以如何將資源做最有效的使用一直是經濟學所追求的課題。有關效率的規範分析中,巴瑞圖最適(Pareto optimality)為接受度最高的準則。基於巴瑞圖效率的觀點,不論是營利組織或非營利組織其經營之基本理念皆是希望以最少的投入獲得最大的產出,因此衡量投入與產出間之相對表現即為效率的評估。非營利組織及公共部門因為有許多產出、投入不易量化,故其效率不易評定。此一情況一直到DEA(Data Envelopment Analysis;資料包絡分析法)發展才逐漸改善。另外,有關DEA的運用幾乎都集中在個別決策單位的效率衡量,將之應用在衡量總體經濟的表現上非常少見。所以論文第肆章是按傳統方式以DEA衡量我國地方政府的效率並分析造成效率差異的原因,第參章則將DEA的概念應用於經濟成長上,探討使經濟成長達到極大化之租稅負擔及租稅結構。又效率的追求為經濟學的主軸,但中央政府的效率目標與地方政府並不相同,由於目標不同,因此彼此所訂的租稅政策亦不相同。本文第伍章試圖提出一理論模型說明中央政府在面對異質地區的垂直外部性下如何有效率的訂定其租稅政策。 / The human desires are infinite but resources are scarce. Using resources effectively is the topic of the economics. In efficient analyses, the Pareto optimality is the highest criterion to accept. Based on Pareto efficiency, the basic idea is to obtain the most outputs by the least inputs. Therefore the efficiency measurement is to calculate the relative performance of inputs and outputs. The nonprofit organization and the public agencies have many outputs and inputs not easy to be quantified; hence, their efficiency is not easy to evaluate. This phenomenon doesn’t improve until DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) was developed. However, the application of DEA concentrates nearly on the efficiency measurement of individual policy-making unit; the application is be rarely used in measuring the performance of the macro-economy. Chapter 4 of this dissertation measures and explains the variation in cost efficiency of the local governments in Taiwan area. Chapter 3 deals with the application the DEA to economic growth, estimating a combination of the tax burden(the ratio of tax revenue to GDP)and the tax structure(the ratio of indirect taxes to direct taxes)which would maximize the rate of growth of GDP of Taiwan. Efficiency is the core of economics, but the national government’s efficient goal is not as same as the local government’s. Because their goals are not consistent, thus the tax policies are different. Chapter 5 attempts to propose a theoretical model to explain how a national or federal government decides its tax policy in the vertical externalities happening in heterogeneous states.
86

台灣商業銀行經營績效影響因素之探討 / A Study of Efficiency of Commercial Bank in Taiwan

黃慧琴 Unknown Date (has links)
本研究係透過金融機構公開揭露之財務報表,及政府單位網站公告的金融資訊,經由統計方法,找出影響銀行經營績效的主要因素。以45家本國銀行及34家外商銀行在台分行,共計79家銀行為實證研究對象,研究期間自民國88年至94年連續7年之財務資料為分析基礎。在研究方法上,係採用二階段進行,首先利用資料包絡分析法(DEA)投入導向模型評估每家銀行之經營效率,然後以Tobit截斷迴歸模型探討可能造成銀行之間經營效率差異的影響因素。 由DEA技術效率評估結果發現:(一)在不同投入產出組合下,台灣地區銀行整體的技術效率平均值介於41.34﹪與73.54﹪之間。代表台灣地區銀行在投入資源運用上仍存在改善空間,在產出不變下,平均而言,可以節省26.46%至58.66%的資源使用量。(二)規模效率平均值介於72.92%與86.89%之間,顯示造成其技術無效率之原因,主要歸咎於資源浪費。迴歸實證結果顯示:(一)控制銀行分行家數將使銀行改善資源配置,其本身之技術效率亦可獲改善。(二)銀行如能控管資產品質,並依市場狀況及本身風險承擔能力,估算適當的逾放比率並設定上限,將有助於提升其技術效率,並可維護資產品質。(三)銀行擴大規模、提高市場佔有率,將可提升銀行經營績效。(四)我國第一次金融改革大幅打銷呆帳之前,銀行經營績效普遍較高。但是從財務面來看,90年以前,銀行資產品質相對較差,原因是放款金額中隱含大量呆帳所致。(五)歐美系銀行之技術效率較高,顯示其母國總行先進之監理制度及風險管理技術,協助其在台灣地區業務之經營具有競爭力。
87

台灣期貨商經營效率之研究 / A Study of Operating Efficiency of Futures Commission Merchants in Taiwan

劉純斌, Liu,Chun-Pin Unknown Date (has links)
國內期貨市場自1998年建立以來將近6年,客戶及交易量均大幅成長,但期貨商家數卻不增反減,經營效率不佳之期貨商,並不會因為期貨市場快速成長而享有利益,個別期貨商為求永續經營與成長,惟有追求經營效率不斷地改善。本文以台灣2002年及2003年兩年度全體合計46家專營期貨商為研究對象。首先,利用資料包絡分析法投入導向模型評估每家期貨商之經營效率;然後,以Tobit截斷迴歸模型探討可能造成期貨商之間經營效率差異的影響因素。由技術效率評估結果發現,(一)專營期貨商規模效率平均值近乎於1,且造成其技術無效率之主要原因為資源浪費,在投入資源運用上仍存在相當大的改善空間;(二)絕大多數專營期貨商之生產規模處於固定規模報酬階段,而不具規模效率之專營期貨商的生產規模均處於遞減規模報酬階段。Tobit截斷迴歸實證結果顯示,(一)網路下單比率與業務集中度對技術效率有正向關係;(二)營業家數與違約或錯帳占總營收比率對技術效率有負向關係;(三)從事自營或顧問業務之專營期貨商的技術效率優於其他的。
88

以資料包絡法探討中國大陸國內銀行經營效率(2008-2010) / Using data envelopment analysis method to study efficiency of banks in Mainland China, 2008-2010

蕭翔元, Hsiao, Shiang Yuan Unknown Date (has links)
在兩岸經濟活動中,銀行業因為是資金供給、支付系統及金融仲介的中介機構,向來扮演著舉足輕重的關鍵角色。銀行的經營績效,一向受到政府主管機關、銀行經營者高度關注,更是社會大眾最關心的議題。 自2010年「海峽兩岸經濟合作架構協議」(ECFA)簽署及「臺灣地區與大陸地區金融業務往來及投資許可管理辦法」修正後,我國不少金融機構積極前往中國大陸設立分支機構、參股投資及拓展業務,兩岸金融業務往來日趨頻繁,中國大陸已成為我國許多銀行積極拓展業務之重點市場,而中國大陸國內各銀行的經營效率如何,始終給予外界模糊的印象。在兩岸互動漸趨積極的狀態下,我們必須加速對於大陸地區的銀行深入瞭解,方能在兩岸競合中運用自身的優點,再尋求適當的合作對象進行參股或策略聯盟,才能在兩岸金融業者競爭中勝出。因此本研究擬以實證分析探討並將研究結果,提供學術研究、金融發展及其他相關等應用,並作為國內銀行西進登陸發展之參考。 本研究運用資料包絡法(DEA),以THE BANKERS 所公布的 Top 1000 World Bankers 2011中之中國境內前20大的中國大陸國內銀行為研究對象,來進行分析,將其2008-2010年三年度經會計師查核簽證之財務報告數據為投入與產出項目之依據,應用CCR模式、BCC模式進行各受評單位的總體效率、技術效率、規模效率進行分析,再將財務報告中股東結構以TOBIT截斷回歸模型,探討不同之組織或是規模型態是否對銀行經營效率產生影響。 研究發現在20家銀行中,以總體效率值來看,2008年相對較有效率的銀行家數為8家、2009年相對較有效率的銀行家數為10家、2010年相對較有效率的銀行家數為11家;而研究對象中,銀行規模對銀行經營績效具有影響。至於政府持股多少或是究竟是屬於大型商銀或是地區銀行,則對經營績效無影響。,此可能因其大多為政府所持有或是多數持有, 因此其經營績效無多大差異。
89

Análise dos impactos da EBSERH no desempenho dos hospitais universitários federais

Orlandi, Daniele de Paula, 0000000212953461 10 August 2016 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:38:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_10291_Dissertação Final - Daniele Orlandi.pdf: 2137539 bytes, checksum: 4a3e058bd9d80d01cc8336052b9ee5fd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-10 / O presente estudo investigou o impacto da adesão dos Hospitais Universitários Federais à Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH) no desempenho assistencial e de ensino considerando os três estágios do processo de transição. A amostra foi composta por 32 hospitais universitários federais entre 2011 e 2015. Destes, 24 aderiram contratualmente à EBSERH e 8 não aderiram. Foi utilizado um modelo da análise envoltória de dados (DEA) para estimar o desempenho dos hospitais e, no segundo estágio, o escore obtido foi aplicado como variável dependente em modelo de regressão Tobit (truncado entre 0 e 1) com indicadores hospitalares e de ensino como variáveis independentes. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a gestão pela EBSERH não impacta estatisticamente os escores de eficiência dos hospitais avaliados em nenhum dos estágios do processo de transição. Todavia, as variáveis funcionários por leito e intensidade de ensino mostraram associação positiva com o desempenho dos hospitais e as variáveis tempo médio de permanência e dedicação ao ensino tiveram comportamento contrário. Novas análises do impacto da adesão dos hospitais à EBSERH devem ser realizadas após ampla consolidação da empresa como forma de avaliar a política de gestão desse importante segmento da prestação de serviços públicos a longo prazo / The present study investigated the impact of the adherence of the Federal University Hospitals to the Hospital Service Brazilian Company (EBSERH) in the care and teaching execution considering the three phases of the transition process. The pattern was composed of 32 federal university hospitals between 2011 and 2015. Among those, 24 adhered contractually to the EBSERH and 8 did not adhere. A model of the data envoltory analysis was used (DEA) to estimate the execution of the hospitals and, in the second phase, the obtained score was applied as dependent variable in Tobit regression model (truncate between 0 and 1) with hospital and teaching indicators as independent variables. The obtained results showed that the administration by the HSBC does not impact statistically the efficiency scores of the evaluated hospitals in none of the transition process phases. Nonetheless, the employees for bed and teaching intensity variables showed positive association with the execution of the hospitals and the average time of stay and dedication to the teaching variables had opposed behavior. New analysis of the impact of the adherence of the hospitals to the HSBC must be done after wide consolidation of the company as a way to evaluate the administration policy of such an important segment of the public services at long term
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Eco-Efficiency and Eco-Productivity Assessments of the States in the United States: A Two-Stage Non-parametric Analysis

Demiral, Elif E., Sağlam, Ümit 01 December 2021 (has links)
This study implements radial and non-radial Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models to assess eco-efficiency and eco-productivity of the 50 states in the United States in 2018. The models are based on three inputs (capital stock, employment, and energy consumption), a single desirable output (real gross domestic product) and a single undesirable output variable (CO2 emissions). The radial DEA models reveal that at least 32 states are operated efficiently. Five states perform at the most optimal scale size, whereas 17 states have considerable potential to boost their productive efficiencies by enlarging available resources, and 28 states are overinvested in their input variables given their current output levels. The non-radial DEA models show that, overall, the states’ capital efficiency is very high, whereas energy and emission efficiencies are very low. The states’ eco-productivity is relatively higher than the eco-efficiency levels. In the second stage of the analysis, non-parametric statistical tests and Tobit regressions are conducted for further investigation. According to the non-parametric statistical test, high capital stock, labor force, and energy usage do not affect the states’ productive efficiency. However, states with low carbon dioxide emissions have significantly higher eco-efficiency and eco-productivity levels. The Tobit regression results illustrate that nuclear power and renewable energy consumption significantly affect the states’ relative efficiencies.

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