Utsläppen från transportsektorn minskar inte i nog snabbt takt trots att hållbarhet är en prioriterad fråga på övergripande nivå genom bland annat Agenda 2030 och Målbild 2030. Åtgärdsvalsstudier (ÅVS), utredningar som tillämpas tidigt i transportinfrastrukturplaneringen, har potential att bidra till en mer hållbar infrastrukturplanering. Samtidigt har hållbarhetsmål idag en begränsad betydelse för val av åtgärder i åtgärdsvalsstudier. Det saknas konkreta direktiv för hur aktörer inom planeringen av transportsystemet ska agera och prioritera i praktiken för att bidra till omställningen mot ett hållbart transportsystem. Syftet med studien är att öka förståelsen för vilka förutsättningar som finns för ökad integrering av hållbarhet i åtgärdsvalsstudier. Målet är att identifiera brister i metoder och processer som bidrar till svårigheter att integrera hållbarhet i åtgärdsvalsstudier samt föreslå hur metoder och processer kan utvecklas för en ökad integrering av hållbarhet i åtgärdsvalsstudier. Studien belyser frågeställningarna främst utifrån perspektivet regionala planerare på Trafikverket i Norrbottens och Västerbottens län. Studien är kvalitativ och baseras på en litteraturstudie och en fokusgrupp. Fokusgrupp valdes som metod för att generera nya idéer för hur ett konkret arbete med hållbarhet i åtgärdsvalsstudier skulle kunna se ut. Fyra planerare som på olika sätt arbetar med åtgärdsvalsstudier på Trafikverket deltog i fokusgruppen. Resultatet från fokusgruppen och litteraturstudien analyserades med koppling till studiens frågeställningar. Studiens resultat visar på att det är komplext att arbeta med övergripande hållbarhetsmål såsom Målbild 2030 i åtgärdsvalsstudier. En orsak till detta är bland annat bristande vägledning i hur målarbetet konkret ska gå till i åtgärdsvalsstudier vilket medför att arbetet med att ta fram mål för den enskilda åtgärdsvalsstudien är tids- och resurskrävande och mindre vikt läggs därmed på hållbarhetsmål. Det råder även bristande vägledning och expertstöd gällande framtagande och genomförandet av icke-fysiska åtgärder, så kallade steg 1 och 2 åtgärder. Planerarna upplever också en hopplöshet i att andra parametrar än hållbarhet värderas högre vid prioritering av åtgärder i planeringsprocesser som följer efter slutförandet av en åtgärdsvalsstudie. Studien har resulterat i ett antal slutsatser kring hur metoder och processer kan utvecklas för en ökad integrering av hållbarhet i åtgärdsvalsstudier. Ett förslag är att identifiera relevanta hållbarhetsmål för en åtgärdsvalsstudie och formulera specifika mål för åtgärdsvalsstudien utifrån nedbrytningen av övergripande mål. Ett annat förslag är att värdera om ett åtgärdsförslag har negativ, positiv eller neutral påverkan på ett hållbarhetsmål för att få en helhetsbild över vilka mål ett åtgärdsförslag bidrar till att uppfylla. Gällande steg 1 och 2 åtgärder finns behov av expertstöd i åtgärdsvalsstudier samt metodutveckling kopplat till framtagandet av icke-fysiska åtgärdsförslag. Det finns också behov av att utveckla ÅVS-handboken och utbildningar inom ÅVS-metodiken, särskilt kopplat till framtagande av mål. Sammanfattningsvis pekar studien på att det krävs uppdaterade handledningar kopplat till åtgärdsvalsstudier. Detta kan ses som en möjlighet till att utveckla arbetet med hållbarhet i åtgärdsvalsstudier genom att hållbarhet integreras mer i den generella handledningen för åtgärdsvalsstudier och därigenom blir en naturlig del av metodiken. Studiens resultat pekar därmed på att det finns goda möjligheter att utveckla arbetet med hållbarhet i åtgärdsvalsstudier. / Emissions from the transport sector are not declining fast enough, even if sustainability is a prioritised issue through for example Agenda 2030. Strategic choice of measures (Åtgärdsvalsstudier), investigations early in transport infrastructure planning, have the potential to contribute to more sustainable infrastructure planning. At the same time, today sustainability goals have a limited significance for the choice of measures in strategic choice of measures. There are no concrete directives for how actors in transport infrastructure planning should act and prioritise in order to contribute to the transition towards a sustainable transport system. The purpose of the study is to increase the understanding of what prerequisites there are for an increased integration of sustainability in strategic choice of measures. The aim is to identify shortcomings in methods and processes that contribute to difficulties in integrating sustainability in strategic choice of measures. The aim is also to propose how methods and processes can be developed for an increased integration of sustainability in strategic choice of measures. The study illuminates the aim mainly from the perspective of regional planners at the Swedish Transport Administration in the counties of Norrbotten and Västerbotten. The study is qualitative and based on a literature study and a focus group. Focus group was selected as a method to generate new ideas about how a concrete work with sustainability in strategic choice of measures could look like. Four planners who work in different ways with strategic choice of measures at the Swedish Transport Administration participated in the focus group. The results from the focus group and the literature study were analysed based on the research questions. The result of the study indicates that it is complex to work with sustainability goals in strategic choice of measures. One reason for this is a lack of guidance on how the work with targets should be performed, which means that the work of developing goals for the individual strategic choice of measure is time-consuming and resource-intensive. Therefore, less emphasis is placed on sustainability goals. There is also a lack of guidance and expert support regarding the development and implementation of non-physical measures, so-called step 1 and 2 measures. The planers also experience a hopelessness as other parameters than sustainability are valued higher when prioritising measures in planning processes that follow after a strategic choice of measure. The study has resulted in conclusions about how methods and processes can be developed. One proposal is to identify relevant sustainability goals for a strategic choice of measure and formulate specific goals for the strategic choice of measure based on the breakdown of overall goals. Another proposal is to evaluate whether a proposed measure has a negative, positive or neutral impact on a sustainability goal in order to get an overall picture of which goals a proposed measure contributes to fulfil. Regarding step 1 and 2 measures, there is a need for expert support in strategic choice of measures and method development of non-physical measures. There is also a need to develop guidelines and educations in the strategic choice of measures methodology. In summary, the study indicates that updated guidelines about strategic choice of measures are required. This can be an opportunity to develop the work with sustainability in strategic choice of measures by integrating sustainability more into the general guidance. Thus, the results of the study indicate that there are good opportunities to develop the work with sustainability in strategic choice of measures.

Det finns tydliga synergier mellan transportsystemet, klimatpåverkan och folkhälsa. Detta skulle transportplaneringen kunna använda till sin fördel för en mer hållbar planering för att åstadkomma en förflyttning från personbilen till hållbara och aktiva transporter i linjer med uppsatta globala och nationella målsättningar. Trots detta kritiseras transportplaneringen för att inte beakta folkhälsa i tillräckligt stor utsträckning, med risk för försämrad välfärd, ökade samhällsklyftor och försämrad folkhälsa som konsekvens. Den här uppsatsen har kartlagt hur kommunala och regionala aktörer arbetar för en förflyttning till aktiva transporter, vilken roll folkhälsoperspektivet har i planeringen samt hur aktörerna förhåller sig till planeringsverktyg och hälsoekonomiska beräkningar för att synliggöra och beakta transportsystemets hälsoeffekter.  Fallen Lidingö stad tillsammans med Region Stockholm och Lunds kommun tillsammans med Region Skåne har studerats genom en intervju- och dokumentstudie. Resvanedata har analyserats för att förstå nuvarande omfattning samt potential för aktiva transporter. Vidare har det samhällsekonomiska värdet av aktiva transporter beräknats som konsekvens av den ökade fysisk aktivitet som genererats. Detta har beräknats med hjälp av Världshälsoorganisationens Health Economic Assessment Tool.  Uppsatsen visar att det finns utrymme att öka andelen aktiva transporter på kortare resor då personbilen utgör 11–22 procent av färdmedelsfördelningen på resor upp till 2,5 kilometer och 49–55 procent på resor mellan 2,5–8 kilometer. Antal sparade liv genom aktiva resor, skulle kunna öka med 45–100 procent om en fullständig förflyttning skulle ske, motsvarande ett betydande samhällsekonomiskt värde.  Kartläggningen visar även att synergierna mellan transportsystemet, klimatpåverkan och folkhälsa inte tas tillvara fullt ut idag och att det finns möjlighet att bredda förståelsen för hållbar transportplanering genom att koppla denna till folkhälsa. Dagens planering uppvisar flera brister när det gäller att beakta folkhälsoperspektivet och missar möjligheter att stärka folkhälsans roll. Bristerna skulle kunna elimineras genom utvecklade målsättningar med ett holistiskt förhållningssätt, utvecklade tvärsektoriella samarbeten samt genom ökad involvering. För att beakta hälsoeffekter i planeringsprocessen behöver planeringsverktyg tas fram och implementeras samt behöver kunskapsnivån om effektsambanden stärkas för att beslutsfattare också ska våga agera utifrån ett folkhälsoperspektiv. / There are clear synergies between the transport system, climate change, and public health. This could be used as an advantage in transport planning for more sustainable planning in order to achieve a major shift from the passenger car to sustainable and active transportation in line with global and national goals. Transport planning is however criticized for not taking public health into account to a sufficient extent with subsequent deteriorating welfare, increasing societal gaps, and deteriorating public health as consequences. Therefore, this thesis has investigated how municipal and regional actors work to achieve a shift toward active transportation, what role the public health perspective has in the planning process, and what the actors think of including planning tools and health economic assessments in order to take health effects of the transport system into account.  The cases of Lidingö municipality together with the region of Stockholm and Lunds municipality together with the region of Skåne have been studied through an interview and document study. Travel habit data have been analyzed to understand the current scope and potential for active transportation. Furthermore, the socio-economic value of active transportation has been calculated on the basis of the level of physical activity it generates. This has been done by using the World Health Organization’s Health Economic Assessment Tool.  The thesis shows that there is room to increase the proportion of active transport on shorter trips, as the passenger car makes up 11–22 percent of trips up to 2,5 kilometers and 49–55 percent for trips between 2,5–8 kilometers. The number of lives saved through active transportation could increase by 45–100 percent if a complete shift was to take place, corresponding to a significant socio-economic value.  The thesis also shows that the synergies between the transport system, climate change, and public health are not fully utilized today and that there is possible to broaden the understanding of sustainable transport planning by linking this to public health. Today’s planning also shows several shortcomings considering the public health perspectives and missing opportunities to strengthen the role of public health. The shortcomings could be eliminated through further developed objectives with a holistic approach, developed cross-sectional collaborations, and increased involvement. In order to take health effects into account in the planning process, planning tools need to be developed and implemented, and the knowledge about the relationship between cause and effect needs to be strengthened so that decision-makers to an increased degree could act from a public health perspective.

Transportplaneringen har länge präglats av rationella metoder och verktyg, vilka anses ha svårt att hantera de sociala dimensionerna av hållbar utveckling (Thoresson 2014, s.23-24). Transportsystemet påverkar emellertid förutsättningarna för samhällets möjligheter till socialt hållbar utveckling (Stren & Polèse, 2000, s.28-29). År 2010 bildades Trafikverket genom sammanslagning av tidigare separerade verk för att skapa förutsättningar för en mer integrerad och långsiktigt hållbar transportplanering (Ingo, 2013, s.114). För att bidra till den långsiktigt hållbara transportplaneringen införde Trafikverket (2015a, s.3) år 2013 ett nytt steg i planprocessen: Åtgärdsvalsstudier (ÅVS), där förslag för vilken typ av åtgärd som kan lösa transportproblem utreds (Trafikverket, 2015a, s.8-9).I relation till ovanstående utveckling ställer vi i denna uppsats frågan: Hur integreras sociala dimensioner i den svenska transportplaneringen? Studien har avgränsats till att behandla processen för åtgärdsvalsstudier. Empiri har samlats in genom en fallstudie bestående av intervjuer med en arbetsgrupp för en pågående åtgärdsvalsstudie. Dessa intervjuer har kompletterats med ett samtal med en fokusgrupp, bestående av konsulter som arbetar med åtgärdsvalsstudier och redovisar deras erfarenheter av hur sociala dimensioner behandlas i åtgärdsvalsstudier. Denna empiri ställs i förhållande till teori om social hållbarhet och transportplanering. Resultatet av uppsatsen belyser problematik som finns med den rationella kunskapssynens sätt att behandla sociala dimensioner av hållbarhet. Detta då rationella processer inom transportplaneringen har svårigheter att identifiera grupper i samhället, vilket är ett kriterium för social rättvisa och social hållbarhet (jfr. Fainstein, 2000; Stren & Polèse, 2000, s.15-16). Dessutom har de rationella metoderna och den rationella kunskapssynens svårigheter i att kunna integrera kvalitativa värden av sociala dimensioner. Det framkommer även att ÅVS-processen präglas av förhandlingsplanering, vilket möjliggör att önskade åtgärder kan rationaliseras av de som bjuds in till dialog. I relation till förhandlingsplaneringen begränsas medborgarnas delaktighet och insyn, vilket äventyrar de demokratiska idealen och skapar en obalans i vem som får komma till tals. / Transport planning has for a long time been characterised by rational methods and tools that have had a hard time handling the social dimensions of sustainable development (Thoresson, 2014, p.23-24). However, the transport system influences the conditions of societies possibilities for sustainable development (Stren & Polèse, 2000, p.28-29). In 2010, Trafikverket (The Swedish Transport Administration) was formed by merging several separate administrations, to create the possibility for a more integrated and long term solution for transport planning (Ingo, 2013, p.114). In 2013, Trafikverket (2015a, p.3) introduced a new step in the planning process, as a means of contributing to the new long term sustainable transport planning: Åtgärdsvalsstudier (ÅVS), where in they would study different suggestions of intervention that could be used to solve transport problems (Trafikverket, 2015a, p.8-9).In relation to the above mentioned development, we will pose the following question in this paper: how are social dimensions incorporated within Swedish transportplanning? This paper has been limited to only treat the process of ÅVS. During the study we have done a case study including interviews with a team working on a ongoing ÅVS. A conversation with a focus group consisting of consultants working with ÅVS has also taken place. This empirical study has been compared to theories of social sustainability and transport planning. The result of the paper highlights the problems of discussing social dimensions within the rational perception of knowledge. This is because the rational processes used within transport planning make it difficult to identify groups in the society, which is neccesary for social justice and social sustainability (jfr. Fainstein, 2000; Stren & Polèse, 2000, s.15-16)”. In addition to this, the rational perception of knowledge and rational methodology creates difficulties in integrating qualitative values of social dimensions. It also appears that the ÅVS-process is characterised by negotiation planning, which makes it possible for people invited to the process to influence the interventions according to their own preferences. Linked with the negotiation planning is however the limitation it puts on the citizen participation and insight, which jeopardises the democratic ideals and creates an imbalance in who gets to have a say.

Tillgänglighet till platser för fysisk aktivitet är viktigt för att tillfredsställa människans behov för rörelse, där en fysiskt aktiv livsstil genererar flera positiva hälsoaspekter. Ur en svensk kontext är stillasittande ett stort folkhälsoproblem, där framför allt unga inte är tillräckligt fysiskt aktiva, och mer än var femte invånare är stillasittande minst tio timmar per dag. Därmed är transportsystems roll gällande tillgänglighet till idrottsplatser av stor vikt, där fysisk aktivitet gynnas av god tillgång till kollektivtrafik samt säkra och trygga gång- och cykelvägar som förbinder olika målpunkter. Studiens syfte är därför att bidra till ökad förståelse gällande utmaningar och möjligheter relaterat till planering för tillgänglighet och hållbart resande kopplat till idrottsplatser, speciellt i förhållande till barn och ungdomar. Studien utgår från fallstudie som forskningsstrategi, där två idrottsplatser i Stockholm Stad, och en idrottsplats i Solna Stad studeras. Resultatet visar på att tillgänglighet som begrepp har många betydelser, vilket kan bidra till problematik i planeringen, och att det finns en otydlighet i aktörers ansvar sett till åtgärder för att gynna ett hållbart resande. Studien kommer fram till att det behövs ett ramverk för vad tillgänglighet betyder i relation till idrottsplatser, och ett behov av bättre riktade åtgärder för hållbart resande, som behöver samspelas med initiativ, och ske på bekostnad av framfarten för biltrafik. / Accessibility to places for physical activity is important to fulfil the human need for movement, where a physical lifestyle generates several positive health aspects.In the Swedish context, sedentary behaviour is a major public health problem, with young people in particular not being physically active enough, and more than one in five inhabitants being sedentary for at least ten hours a day. Thus, the role of transport systems in terms of accessibility to sports venues is of great importance, where physical activity is favoured by good access to public transport as well as safe and secure walking and cycling routes that connect different destinations. The aim of the study is therefore to contribute to a better understanding of the challenges and opportunities related to planning for accessibility and sustainable travel linked to sports grounds, especially in relation to children and young people. The study is based on a case study as a research strategy, where two sports grounds in Stockholm municipality, and one sports ground in Solna municipality are studied. The results show that accessibility as a concept has many meanings, which can contribute to problems in planning, and that there is a lack of clarity in the responsibilities of actors in terms of measures to promote sustainable travel. The study concludes that there is a need for a framework for what accessibility means in relation to sports grounds, and a need for better targeted measures for sustainable travel, which need to interact with initiatives, and take place at the expense of car traffic.

<p dir="ltr">The purpose of this study is to develop the attributes of an undersea aid cache network and validate its efficacy in reducing the number of dead and injured in island natural disasters. This study addresses the problem of island nations experiencing three times the dead and injured as continental nations during natural disasters due to easily disrupted and limited logistics. Employing a mixed-method approach, the qualitative portions of the study include a systematic literature review and case study analysis. The quantitative portions of the study include populating a novel disaster database, applying statistical analysis, executing a suitability assessment, and running design efficacy experiments using a simulation model representative of the disaster database. The study concludes with a review of existing patents to identify an optimal combination of designs for the caches and specify research foci for further investment.</p><p dir="ltr">Despite a comparative advantage in sea assets, the findings show that islands overly rely on air resupply and underuse sea-based pre-positioned stocks. The study also finds that a network of Undersea Aid Modules (UAMs) could reduce casualties in isolated island areas if fielded in sufficient quantities and capable of longevity, survivability, and recovery. Lastly, the study reviews existing patents for UAM design requirements and highlights gaps for investment. A key research limitation is that the study does not develop a prototype and simulations cannot replicate full, real-world application. Practical implications include a novel alternative to current resupply methods and identified gaps for further study. The paper’s value and originality center on an island-unique analysis of disaster logistics absent in most studies. The study will reveal previously unidentified gaps and a design solution to improve island disaster outcomes.</p><p dir="ltr"><i>Keywords:</i> Disaster logistics, cache, pre-positioned stocks, sea-basing, island, casualty reduction</p>

Transport Policy in the United Kingdom from the 1950s to the early 1990s has been focused on increasing car use at the expense of investment in public transport services and infrastructure. This has culminated in a poorly integrated public transport network that has seen continued decline in use outside of London. The Competition Act (1998) has exacerbated this, as public operators risked prosecution if they were seen to collaborate. A policy shift in 1998 introduced the concept of Local Transport Plans, Organisational Travel Plans and Quality Partnerships as local policy tools for developing and implementing travel solutions using the planning process. Travel Plans today are viewed by the UK Government as a local delivery tool for transport policy, inspired by the successes in Europe and the United States in changing individual travel behaviour, where the Smart Growth Agenda has emerged as a mass transit based planning response to urban sprawl. In the UK, success in delivering significant modal shift away from private car use has seen limited success, hence the rationale for this research. Using this wider policy context, this research uses the University of Hertfordshire as a case study with the objective to research the development and implementation processes of a Travel Plan. The research conducts a review of travel behaviour within the case study, providing recommendations for implementing alternative interventions to car-based travel. Making use of national policy tools, using insights from both Smarter Travel / Smarter Choice agenda, the research includes the development process of a complex city wide Quality Partnership – a delivery mechanism for travel behaviour change incorporating multiple stakeholders. This thesis uses an embedded and reflective critical realist approach to researching Travel Plans from the perspective of a Travel Plan Coordinator. Through applying a multi-method dimension to empirical data collection, the use of structured quantitative commuter surveys, semi structured qualitative interviews and supporting secondary data sources are all utilised. Using such an approach provides the research with the flexibility for reporting complex social and empirical data, including the researcher’s embedded reflective insights throughout the process. An evaluative matrix ‘lens’ has been developed for reporting back the multitude of factors, including identifying Critical Success Factors and Key Performance Indicators that underpin the success or failure of such travel planning approaches. The research culminates in the development of a Travel Plan for the University of Hertfordshire and a voluntary Quality Partnership for the City and District of St Albans. A conclusion is drawn based on the unique perspective of an embedded reflective researcher as an active practitioner in the field of travel planning. In order to be successful a Travel Plan should feed into the wider quality partnership structures for mutual benefit where multiple stakeholders are able to influence the development of interventions at the local level, which could lead to significant travel behaviour changes. It is argued that this will ultimately help Travel Plans and quality partnerships achieve their key performance objectives and help meet government policy agenda.

Contemporary research indicates that the era of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is not only inevitable but may be reached sooner than expected; however, not enough research has been done to address road infrastructure readiness for supporting AV operations. Highway agencies at all levels of governments seek to identify the needed infrastructure changes to facilitate the successful integration of AVs into the existing roadway system. Given multiple sources of uncertainty particularly the market penetration of AVs, agencies find it difficult to justify the substantial investments needed to make these infrastructure changes using traditional value engineering approaches. It is needed to account for these uncertainties by doing a phased retrofitting of road infrastructure to keep up with the AV market penetration. This way, the agency can expand, defer, or scale back the investments at a future time. This dissertation develops a real options analysis (ROA) framework to address these issues while capturing the monetary value of investment timing flexibility. Using key stakeholder feedback, an extensive literature review, and discussions with experts, the needed AV-motivated changes in road infrastructure were identified across two stages of AV operations; the transition phase and the fully-autonomous phase. For a project-level case study of a 66-mile stretch of Indiana’s four-six lane Interstate corridor, two potential scenarios of infrastructure retrofitting were established and evaluated using the net present value (NPV) and ROA approaches. The results show that the NPV approach can lead to decisions at the start of the evaluation period but does not address the uncertainty associated with AV market penetration. In contrast, ROA was found to address uncertainty by incorporating investment timing flexibility and capturing its monetary value. Using the dissertation’s framework, agencies can identify and analyze a wide range of possible scenarios of AV-oriented infrastructure retrofitting to enhance readiness, at both the project and network levels.

O presente trabalho apresenta uma reflexão a respeito da relação entre o planejamento (e construção) de redes de transporte rápido de massa e a produção do espaço urbano. Na busca por critérios de projeto de rede como instrumento de transformação do espaço, recorreu-se ao estudo histórico da formação das redes de Londres e Paris, dois casos notórios. A partir dessas experiências, puderam ser levantados alguns aspectos referentes à contraposição entre dois modelos de traçado presentes na atividade de planejamento de transporte para São Paulo ao longo dos últimos anos. Por fim, uma proposta de rede de transporte de massa para a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo foi ensaiada, a título de exercício, com o fim de complementar a reflexão esboçada e a síntese dos elementos apreendidos. / This research presents a reflection on the relationship between rapid transport network planning (as well as building) and the production of urban space. In the search for network planning criteria as a tool for space transformation, we explored the historical course of London and Paris network formation, two reputable cases. From those experiences, we selected some aspects related to the contrast between two types of layout present in São Paulo transport planning activity over the past years. Finally, as an exercise, we suggest a rapid transit network for the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo to supplement the outlined reflection and the element selection synthesis.

Este trabalho mostra os resultados obtidos durante as atividades de pesquisa e levantamento de dados sobre os equipamentos urbanos de carga denominados Estações Aduaneiras Interiores (EADIs), conhecidos como Portos Secos, na identificação de impactos ambientais resultantes das operações portuárias desses estabelecimentos. O conflito na utilização do espaço viário da área urbana por modos e sistemas de transporte de carga, incumbidos da tarefa de movimentação e transporte de mercadorias dos Portos Secos nas cidades brasileiras, especialmente aquelas de maior porte e em regiões metropolitanas, a saber, caminhões e trens, leva à preocupação tanto pela inexistência de uma legislação específica locacional para estes equipamentos impactantes, como pela grande disseminação destes empreendimentos, especialmente na década de 1990. Aspectos operacionais como a movimentação de cargas e intermodalidade de transportes nas áreas dos Portos Secos, as atividades produtivas urbanas e regionais e a utilização dos Portos Secos, a concentração desses equipamentos nas periferias industriais urbanas das maiores cidades do país, a utilização do sistema viário principal urbano para a viabilização do transporte de cargas, a localização dos Portos Secos e a logística empresarial, entre outros, chamam a atenção num contexto onde o transporte de cargas e o cumprimento das leis geradas pelas políticas governamentais e de regulamentação ainda não reconhecem as necessidades reais das cargas urbanas no Brasil. Aspectos de planejamento para os projetos dos Portos Secos e a atenção à circulação de cargas no ambiente urbano, frente ao uso e ocupação do solo, determinados pelas leis municipais e à infra-estrutura urbana existente, calcados exclusivamente nos custos operacionais e na acessibilidade, subsidiam este trabalho na formulação de diretrizes de planejamento estratégico de uso e ocupação do solo urbano para Portos Secos, para a redução dos impactos ambientais negativos dos transportes urbanos de cargas. Os principais impactos ambientais, que afetam (de forma mais aguda) a área urbana que hospeda o Porto Seco, especialmente nos casos onde não há um estudo de pré-viabilidade e compatibilização do equipamento ao uso e a ocupação do solo, bem como sua adequação às regras do Planejamento Urbano relacionado ao Planejamento dos Transportes tanto nos ambientes físico, natural, político, legal e de planejamento quanto no ambiente sócio-econômico. Examinar o funcionamento de um Porto Seco - EADI Ribeirão Preto - e sua relação impactante na área urbana onde atua, sua movimentação de cargas e prestação de serviços, levando em conta os custos econômicos diretos e indiretos para diferentes atividades, especialmente os custos e impactos ligados aos ambientes natural, social e econômico, faz parte de um diagnóstico a ser elaborado a partir de indicadores de qualidade de funcionamento da área urbana. Os problemas da localização dos Portos Secos induzem a formulação de diretrizes de planejamento estratégico de uso e ocupação do solo que auxiliem na minimização dos impactos ambientais causados durante a realização das tarefas de armazenamento, manuseio, distribuição e transporte de cargas. Os resultados aqui apresentados poderão ser de grande pertinência e utilidade para o poder público na formulação de um quadro legal e de regulamentação e para o segmento empresarial ansioso por melhores decisões estratégicas. Este trabalho apresentará dados, imagens, mapas, tabelas, gráficos, entre outros, tornando-se mais dinâmico na leitura e compreensível no aporte teórico. / The present work brings forth the results of the research and data colleting activities on the freight urban equipment called Interior Custom Stations (ICSs), named EADI in portuguese, also known as Dry Ports, in the identification of the impact the operations carried out in these stations may have on the environment. The problematic use of the urban locomotion spaces by trucks and trains, the modes and systems of freight transportation in charge of moving and transporting freight from the Dry Ports to Brazilian cities, especially the larger and metropolitan ones, in troublesome for the lack of specific local legislation for such impact equipments as well as for their spread in Brazil specially in the 1990th decade. Operational aspects like freight moving and transport intermodality in the Dry Port areas, productive urban and rural activities and the Dry Ports usage, the concentration of these equipments in country\'s larges cities urban industrial outskirts, the location of the Dry Ports and business logistics, among others, call our attention in a context where freight transporting and the fulfillment of the laws created by government and regulation policies still do not understand the real needs of urban freight in Brazil. Planning aspects of the Dry Ports\' Projects together with the attention to the circulation of freight in urban surroundings in face of both use and occupation of the land determined by Municipal laws and the existing urban infra-structure (based exclusively on operational costs and accessibility), support this research in the formulation of strategic planning guidelines of use and occupation of urban land for Dry Ports towards the reduction of negative environmental impacts of urban freight transporting. The major environmental impacts affect (in a more direct way) the urban area that houses the Dry Port, most visibly in cases when there are no studies on the pre-viability and compatibility of the equipment to the use and occupation of the land, as well to its adequacy to the rules of Urban Planning concerning Transport Planning in the physical, natural, political, legal and socio-economical ambience. A close examination of a Dry Port - EADI Ribeirão Preto -, its important relation to the urban area where it is placed, the moving of freight and services offered there taking into account the direct and indirect economic costs for different activities, above all the costs and impacts related to the natural, social and economic ambience, is a part of a diagnosis to be elaborated from the urban functioning quality indicators. The problems in the Dry Ports location lead to the formulation of strategic planning guidelines for the use and occupation of land, which may help minimize environmental impact from storing, handling, distribution and transportation activities. The results brought forth in this work may be of great relevance and usefulness to the government in the formulation of a legal and regulative policy to the business park, longing for better strategic decisions. The present work brings forth data, images, maps, tables, charts, among other kinds of information, which makes its reading more dynamic and understandable in its theoretical discussion.

O presente trabalho apresenta uma reflexão a respeito da relação entre o planejamento (e construção) de redes de transporte rápido de massa e a produção do espaço urbano. Na busca por critérios de projeto de rede como instrumento de transformação do espaço, recorreu-se ao estudo histórico da formação das redes de Londres e Paris, dois casos notórios. A partir dessas experiências, puderam ser levantados alguns aspectos referentes à contraposição entre dois modelos de traçado presentes na atividade de planejamento de transporte para São Paulo ao longo dos últimos anos. Por fim, uma proposta de rede de transporte de massa para a Região Metropolitana de São Paulo foi ensaiada, a título de exercício, com o fim de complementar a reflexão esboçada e a síntese dos elementos apreendidos. / This research presents a reflection on the relationship between rapid transport network planning (as well as building) and the production of urban space. In the search for network planning criteria as a tool for space transformation, we explored the historical course of London and Paris network formation, two reputable cases. From those experiences, we selected some aspects related to the contrast between two types of layout present in São Paulo transport planning activity over the past years. Finally, as an exercise, we suggest a rapid transit network for the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo to supplement the outlined reflection and the element selection synthesis.