Studien undersöker volontärers upplevelser kring att ha öppnat upp sina hem för att ta emot en ensamkommande ungdom som blivit uppskriven till över 18 år av Migrationsverket. Studien har fokus på betydelsen av det ideella engagemang som nätverket “Blomman” bidrog med för ensamkommande unga. En kvalitativ metod användes bestående av sex semistrukturerade intervjuer, som hölls med sju informanter. Målgruppen är de frivillighem inom Blomman, som under 2017 tog emot eller hade ett ensamkommande barn hos sig som blivit uppskriven i ålder. Resultatet visade att ideellt engagemang är av stor vikt när det kommer till hanterandet av ensamkommande unga. Frivillighem bidrar med medmänsklighet och emotionellt engagemang. Det framkom dock att teoretisk kunskap krävs för att kunna se till de mest utmanande behoven. / This study is about volunteer workers and their experiences about having an unaccompanied that has been written up in age to over 18 years by the Swedish Migration Agency. The study focuses on the importance of the volunteering that the network “Blomman” has done for the unaccompanied. The study is based on six semistructured interviews that we had with seven individuals. The informants are volunteers that have opened their homes for the unaccompanied. The result shows the importance of volunteering when it comes to the handling of unaccompanied. The volunteers contribute with human compassion and emotional commitment. However it appeared that theoretical knowledge might be required to handle the challenges that the volunteers will encounter.

Sweden is one of the countries in Europe that has received the highest number of unaccompanied children. Every unaccompanied children who comes to Sweden should get a legal guardian who is responsible for the children’s personal, economic and legal questions. The legal guardian is an important person for the children’s well-being. It is important that the legal guardian is conscious about his role as a legal guardian and that he is following the chief guardian committee’s rules. The legal guardian should for example be conscious that they should not act like a father or mother. The purpose of the study is to get an understanding of which self-presentations the legal guardian is doing in an interaction with me as an interviewer and which presentation he is doing of his role as a legal guardian. The purpose is also to investigate which formal rules and informal rules are directed him into his role as a legal guardian and his actions. The data in the study has been gathered through a qualitative research method and ten interviews are conducted with five female legal guardians and five male legal guardians. The data is analyzed with Goffman’s dramaturgical perspective and how people act when they interacts with the entourage. The results of the study shows that legal guardians are presenting a positive side of themselves. They are presenting themselves as a competent legal guardians. The results also show that the legal guardians are conscious about the Chief guardian committee’s rules at the same time as they are directed by informal rules. The legal guardians are directed by chief guardian committee’s rules, religion-related norms, family-related norms and professional ideals.

Migrationsverket har det övergripande ansvaret över samtliga som söker asyl och att ta beslut kring vem som får uppehållstillstånd och inte. Denna studie har till syfte att undersöka utredningsprocessen för ensamkommande flyktingbarn ur Migrationsverkets personals perspektiv samt hur de tillämpar ett barnperspektiv i deras arbete och säkerställer ett rättssäkert arbetssätt. Som metod för detta har författarna valt att genomföra fem kvalitativa intervjuer med handläggare och beslutsfattare på Migrationsverket. Studien grundar sig främst på två teoretiska begrepp, barnperspektiv samt rättssäkerhet, för att kunna fördjupa sig i hur Migrationsverket arbetar. Studiens slutsats visar att den som söker asyl har till uppgift att göra sin identitet sannolik och en viktig del är det utredningssamtal som genomförs och som ligger till grund för utredningen. Studien visar även att Migrationsverkets personal har ett enhetligt arbetssätt kring rättssäkerhet och samtliga beslut som de tar är grundade i lagtexter. Arbetet med barnperspektivet handlar enligt Migrationsverkets personal att ha ett individanpassat arbetssätt genom att ta hänsyn till sökandes ålder, bakgrund och mognad. / The Swedish Migration Agency carry out the decision of who is going to get a residence permit. This study has the purpose to examine how the Migration Agency investigation procedure is, furthermore how they take in account for a child's perspective and legal certainty. Method for this has been qualitative interviews with administration officers and decision makers at the Migration Agency. This study lays its ground mainly on two constructs: Childs perspective and legal certainty for the purpose to immerse in the Migration Agency work. This study concludes that the one who seeks asylum has to make its identity probable and an important part of this is the interview of the unaccompanied child by case workers at the Migration Agency. This study also concludes that the case workers at the Migration Agency have a mutual view of the rule of law and that all actions are grounded in words of the act. To work with a child perspective is according to the Migration Agency to use an individual approach to all unaccompanied children and this is made by considering the applicant age, gender, background and maturity.

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur boendepersonal på Hvb-hem (hem för vård och boende) arbetar för att integrera ensamkommande barn i samhället. För att få information till studien har vi intervjuat sju personer som arbetar på olika Hvb-hem. Vi har ställt frågor kring integrationsprocessen, hur de arbetar, vad de ser som hinder och möjligheter och vilka effekterna är av den långa asylprocessen. Informanterna definierar integration ganska liknande, de belyser framförallt vikten av integration på samhällsnivå. Vårt resultat visade att barnens mående blir negativt påverkat av den långa asylprocessen. Deras dåliga mående påverkar deras motivation till att integreras, de går inte till exempel inte till skolan, vilket alla informanter anser är en viktig faktor i deras integrationsprocess. Det är inte enbart barnen som påverkas, även boendepersonalen och deras arbete. De kan inte arbeta med integrationsprocessen då de måste ta hänsyn till barnens mående, deras fokus i arbetet ändras. Nu handlar arbetet istället om att ta hand om och motivera barnen. / The aim of this study is to examine how the staff accommodation at Hvb-homes (home for care and accommodation) work to integrate unaccompanied children in the society. To get the information to the study we have interviewed seven people that work at different Hvb-homes. We asked them questions concerning the integration process, how they work with it, what they see as difficulties and possibilities and the effects of the long asylum process. The informers defined integration quite similar, they illuminated the importance of integration at societal level. We found that the children's well-being is negatively affected by the long asylum process. Their bad well-being affect their motivation to integrate, they do not go to school for example, which all informers consider an important factor in their integration process. It is not only the children that are affected, also the staff accommodation and their work is. They can no longer work with the integration process, they have to respect the children's well-being, and their focus in their work have to change. Now it is all about taking care and motivate the children.

The purpose of this study was to investigate perceptions and experiences of compassion fatigue that exist among social workers who work with the investigative work of unaccompanied children and adolescents. The study further investigated their experiences of preventive and counteracting actions. In this qualitative study, interviews were conducted with six social workers who worked with unaccompanied children and adolescents. The results show that social workers have experiences of compassion fatigue. There are many descriptions of burnout syndrome, and a few descriptions of secondary traumatic stress. The results also show that social workers have many ideas about how to prevent or counteract compassion fatigue, both with ideas in the form of self-care or ideas about organizational changes. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilka upplevelser och erfarenheter av compassion fatigue som finns bland socialsekreterare som arbetar med utredningsarbete av ensamkommande barn och ungdomar. I studien undersöktes också deras upplevelser av förebyggande eller motverkande åtgärder. Studien är kvalitativ och sex socialsekreterare som arbetar med ensamkommande barn och ungdomar intervjuades. Resultatet visar att socialsekreterarna har upplevelser och erfarenheter av compassion fatigue. Det finns många beskrivningar av utmattningssyndrom, och ett fåtal beskrivningar av sekundär traumatisk stress. Resultatet visar också att socialsekreterarna har många tankar om hur man förebygger eller motverkar compassion fatigue, både i form av egenvård eller idéer om organisatoriska förändringar.

This is a qualitative study on mental health among unaccompanied children in Swedish residential care. The purpose of the study is to increase the understanding of the work and interaction with these children for anyone that in one way or another encounters unaccompanied children in their profession. To achieve this, we examined the experiences of staff members in residential care regarding mental health among unaccompanied children, by conducting semi-structured interviews of staff members. This study includes descriptions of how the interviewees experience mental illness and what challenges and difficulties they encounter in their work. Furthermore, the study also includes factors the interviewees believe are important in promoting mental health. The results show that mental illness amongst unaccompanied children in residential care is a recurring issue. The interviewees describe that mental illness can be expressed in anxiety, aggression, depression, insomnia, self-harm, isolation and psychosomatic symptoms. Socio-cultural differences is stated in the results as a challenge in ways that the children and the staff members have different norms and values. Moreover it is also described that the children’s view on what mental illness is, how they talk about it and how they handle it, is different from what the staff are used to and can lead to misunderstandings. Furthermore the results also show that interviewees believe the main cause behind the children’s poor well-being is the challenges they meet and the pressure they feel when they arrive to a new country. Challenges and pressure such as learning a new language and integrating in a new society. The interviewees describe it as being important to support and be available for the children, and for the children to find and be part of meaningful connections. Keywords: unaccompanied children/youth/minors, mental illness, mental health, residental care homes, refugees

<p>In 2006 there was a change in LMA (1994:37) that clarified the division of responsibility be-tween the Migration Board and the municipalities, concerning unaccompanied children. The social services should now be utmost responsible for the housing and care of these children, to assure that they gain the same standards and rights as all other children. The aim of this essay has been to examine how the division of responsibility has influenced the work of the social services and how they interpret their responsibility for the unaccompanied children. How do the social services investigate and make decisions concerning these children? Do these chil-dren have the same rights as other children? To answer these questions a legal study was made, followed by qualitative research interviews with four social services that receive unac-companied children. The study was made from a legal sociologist perspective, which involves analyzing the results from the interviews with the legal results, together with earlier research on unaccompanied children. The results show that the division of responsibility still is indis-tinct and that the investigations concerning these children often are brief and simplified. In two of the interviewed municipalities the view was that unaccompanied children did not have the right to efforts according to SoL (2001:453), which in practice means that the unaccom-panied children are discriminated.</p>

<p>In 2006 there was a change in LMA (1994:37) that clarified the division of responsibility be-tween the Migration Board and the municipalities, concerning unaccompanied children. The social services should now be utmost responsible for the housing and care of these children, to assure that they gain the same standards and rights as all other children. The aim of this essay has been to examine how the division of responsibility has influenced the work of the social services and how they interpret their responsibility for the unaccompanied children. How do the social services investigate and make decisions concerning these children? Do these chil-dren have the same rights as other children? To answer these questions a legal study was made, followed by qualitative research interviews with four social services that receive unac-companied children. The study was made from a legal sociologist perspective, which involves analyzing the results from the interviews with the legal results, together with earlier research on unaccompanied children. The results show that the division of responsibility still is indis-tinct and that the investigations concerning these children often are brief and simplified. In two of the interviewed municipalities the view was that unaccompanied children did not have the right to efforts according to SoL (2001:453), which in practice means that the unaccom-panied children are discriminated.</p>

In 2006 there was a change in LMA (1994:37) that clarified the division of responsibility be-tween the Migration Board and the municipalities, concerning unaccompanied children. The social services should now be utmost responsible for the housing and care of these children, to assure that they gain the same standards and rights as all other children. The aim of this essay has been to examine how the division of responsibility has influenced the work of the social services and how they interpret their responsibility for the unaccompanied children. How do the social services investigate and make decisions concerning these children? Do these chil-dren have the same rights as other children? To answer these questions a legal study was made, followed by qualitative research interviews with four social services that receive unac-companied children. The study was made from a legal sociologist perspective, which involves analyzing the results from the interviews with the legal results, together with earlier research on unaccompanied children. The results show that the division of responsibility still is indis-tinct and that the investigations concerning these children often are brief and simplified. In two of the interviewed municipalities the view was that unaccompanied children did not have the right to efforts according to SoL (2001:453), which in practice means that the unaccom-panied children are discriminated.

In 2006 there was a change in LMA (1994:37) that clarified the division of responsibility be-tween the Migration Board and the municipalities, concerning unaccompanied children. The social services should now be utmost responsible for the housing and care of these children, to assure that they gain the same standards and rights as all other children. The aim of this essay has been to examine how the division of responsibility has influenced the work of the social services and how they interpret their responsibility for the unaccompanied children. How do the social services investigate and make decisions concerning these children? Do these chil-dren have the same rights as other children? To answer these questions a legal study was made, followed by qualitative research interviews with four social services that receive unac-companied children. The study was made from a legal sociologist perspective, which involves analyzing the results from the interviews with the legal results, together with earlier research on unaccompanied children. The results show that the division of responsibility still is indis-tinct and that the investigations concerning these children often are brief and simplified. In two of the interviewed municipalities the view was that unaccompanied children did not have the right to efforts according to SoL (2001:453), which in practice means that the unaccom-panied children are discriminated.