Orientador: Maria Aparecida Azevedo Pereira da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T15:43:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Greif_Sergio_M.pdf: 673441 bytes, checksum: 7cee01c992e6347ebdd16707e1e077f0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Mestrado / Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos / Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição

Background: Women prefer to eat plant-based food more frequently than men. Previous studies show that there is a difference in what we eat depending on which gender we belong to. The experience of food can be influenced by various aspects such as colour, shape, serving, and food information. Objectives: The purpose of the study was to investigate if there were any differences between men and women's attitudes towards vegan desserts. Moreover, four vegan desserts were developed using creative design and molecular gastronomy, to investigate how the colour and shape of vegan desserts affects the experience of taste, flavour and texture. Material and methods: To answer the research question, two focus group interviews were conducted. Moreover, a creative design containing an online cross-sectional survey was performed to develop four vegan desserts using molecular gastronomy. The desserts had the same ingredients in equal quantities, but they differed in colour and shape.These desserts were subsequently tested in a sensory evaluation. Results: The results show that there is a difference between men and women regarding attitudes towards a vegan dessert. Women are more positive and curious, while men are more sceptical whether a vegan dessert tastesgood. There was sometimes a significant difference in taste, but never in flavour and texture. Conclusions: There are differences in men and women's attitudes towards vegan desserts, where women are more positive than men. Shape may affect the experience of taste, but not of flavour and texture in this study.

Hittills har forskning visat att köttkonsumtionen växer och den har beräknats att fortsätta öka i världen trots att man börjat bli medveten om de negativa konsekvenser köttproduktionen och konsumtionen medför. Nu har för första gången på 30 år köttkonsumtionen i Sverige minskat. Denna studie är teoribaserad och syftar till att finna anledningen till varför denna minskning har skett. Semistrukturerade intervjuer i form av telefonintervjuer samt face-to-face intervjuer genomfördes med sammanlagt 13 personer. Sex teman togs fram i analysen av intervjuerna; medvetenhet, hälsa, etik, köttets substitut, identitet & kultur och miljöpåverkan. Resultatet visade att medvetenhet kring djuretiska frågor samt hälsoaspekter kring köttkonsumtion var motivet bakom trenden. Medvetenheten har ökat bland annat tack vare spridning av information på sociala medier. Kultur och normer har även en påverkan på en individs konsumtionsval. / So far, research has shown that the meat consumption is growing and it is estimated to continue to increase in the world, despite being aware of the negative consequences the meat production and consumption entails. For the first time in 30 years, the meat consumption in Sweden has decreased. This study is theory based and aims to find the reason to why this reduction has taken place. Semi-structured interviews in the form of telephone interviews and face-to-face interviews were conducted with a total of 13 people. Six themes were presented in the analysis of the interviews; awareness, health, ethics, meat substitute, identity & culture and environmental impact. The result showed that the awareness of animal issues and health aspects of meat consumption were the motivation behind the trend. Awareness has increased, among other things, due to the dissemination of information on social media. Culture and norms also have an impact on an individual's consumption choices.

Veganism (or following a PBD) is scientifically proven to be one of the possible answers to the environmental, ethical and health issues our society is currently facing. The documentary film What the Health advocates this claim and presents the tremendous impacts, meat and dairy production and consumption, have on our environment, our personal health and for the people living on our planet. The documentary’s attempt of persuading people to adopt a PBD remained unanswered and was the chosen case-study for this research on audience reception and media effects. The purpose of this research is to provide new empirical data on how the documentary film What the Health changes females’ and males’ perception of a PBD. Using a qualitative method of in-depth interviews, this study aimed to understand how the documentary film What the Health changes females’ and males’ perception of a PBD in times of the 21st century Vegan social movement. Using theoretical insights from the following theories: Framing theory, schema theory, social representation theory, social cognition theory and the concept of hegemonic masculinity, this study aimed to assess whether the documentary film What the Health contributed to perception changes among its audience. And whether gender differences were prominent.The findings of this study indicated perception changes of a PBD among its audience. Preconceptions of Veganism as a social trend or for ethical justifications were changed to understanding people’s individual motivations for attaining such a diet. Overall, no significant gender differences were detected. The social determinant of perceived restrictions within a social context were the most dominant factors of not transitioning to a PBD. Meat is undoubtedly an inherent and substantial part of people’s lives and restricting oneself from it is not perceived to be the answer to environmental, personal health and ethical issues. However, the audience was observed to admire Vegans for their discipline and strength.This study indicated that the documentary film What the Health might have an effect on its audience in the long term, which is proposed as future research respectively.

El presente proyecto trata sobre la producción y distribución de un producto innovador que actualmente no se encuentra en el mercado peruano, este es una hamburguesa hecha 100% de origen vegetal, con la diferencia que cuenta con todas las características a carne de origen animal, simulando el sabor, la textura y aspecto visual. Este proyecto cuenta con el respaldo de la viabilidad en base a los resultados de la investigación realizada a través de entrevistas y encuestas, lo cual resulta en una nueva tendencia en donde las personas indagan por comer más saludable, debido a los problemas originados por hábitos alimenticios que mantienen (comer “comida chatarra” y ultra procesadas), la necesidad encontrada es un producto que sea saludable, de preparación rápida y sobre todo que mantenga un delicioso sabor. Esto se complementa con la coyuntura actual (pandemia Covid-19), donde la salud es el tema principal y la búsqueda del mismo impacta en nuevos hábitos no solo sanitarios, sino también alimenticios, ya que el riesgo principal es perder la vida. Por ello, La Granja Vegana oferta un producto saludable que cubre las necesidades del mercado, dirigido a personas que quieren empezar o ya cuentan con un estilo de vida saludable. Para iniciar este proyecto la inversión será de S/. 482,881.33, de la cual se financiará el 50%. Los indicadores de rentabilidad son altamente atractivos y son superiores a realizar la inversión en un banco. Por lo que, resulta interesante conocer más a fondo esta oportunidad de inversión. / This project is about the production and distribution of an innovative product that is not currently in the Peruvian market, this is a hamburger made 100% of vegetable origin, with the difference that it has all the characteristics of real meat, simulating the flavor, texture and visual appearance. This project has the support of viability based on the results of the research carried out through interviews and surveys, which results in a new trend where people inquire about eating healthier, due to problems caused by eating habits that they maintain (eat “junk food” and ultra-processed food), the need found is a product that is healthy, quick to prepare and, above all, that maintains a delicious flavor. This is complemented by the current situation (Covid-19 pandemic), where health is the main theme and the search for it impacts new habits not only in health, but also in food, since the main risk is to lose life. For this reason, La Granja Vegana offers a healthy product that meets the needs of the market, aimed at people who want to start or already have a healthy lifestyle. To start this project the investment will be S /. 482,881.33, of which 50% will be financed. The profitability indicators are highly attractive and are superior to investing in a bank. Therefore, it is interesting to learn more about this investment opportunity. / Trabajo de investigación

The purpose of this systematic review was to determine the impact of plant-based diets during pregnancy on physical development of a child, beginning in utero, compared to a standard omnivore diet. Peer reviewed articles were retrieved from PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medical Literature On-line (Medline), American Psychological Association Psychological Information Database (APA PsychINFO), Health Source, and Alternative Healthwatch. Articles that were reviewed were restricted to the last 15 years. Literature reviewed included randomized control trials, observational cohorts, and case series of human subjects within the United States and the United Kingdom. The literature reviewed demonstrated that maternal nutrition has a significant role in long term fetal health and programming. Diet quality and sufficient intake of nutrients has effects on birth outcomes. The literature also made it clear that adequate nutrient intake is dependent on effective nutritional and pregnancy education. In conclusion, the literature themes of fetal programming, nutritional education, and diet quality indicate that well planned plant-based diets could be effective in pregnancy. Further observational and experimental studies need to be done on this topic so that more conclusive data can be collected.

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There is a great deal of diet-specific processed foods on the market today. With so many options it can become difficult for consumers to decide what products to purchase. This situation is further intensified by the plethora of contradictory messages found in food advertising, especially in weight loss and dieting food advertising, but also seen in government nutrition campaigns and all over the internet on platforms like social media, blogs, and so forth. These messages can be confusing and frustrating for consumers as they try to decipher which foods they should eat to reach their health or weight loss goals. The purpose of this study was to determine if these contradictory messages extend to the advertising claims found on diet-specific food product packaging. A content analysis was performed on 400 keto and vegan products to uncover the most commonly used advertising claims and verify their accuracy based on the information provided on the nutrition label and ingredients list. An analysis of the health impacts of nutrient content and food additives based on FDA guidelines was also conducted. Results indicated that contradictory messages do extend to the advertising claims on keto and vegan food product packaging and the lack of healthy food options among these products should be a concern for consumers. This study highlights the importance of shoppers approaching food product advertising claims with skepticism until they can be verified.

Entering into the 21st century, sustainable living has become a popular topic of concern for scientists and engineers, politicians, news reporters and individuals alike. Most importantly though, sustainable living has become popular to the modern consumer, and many firms are attempting to understand and cater their efforts to the ecologically conscious consumer. Previous studies have shown that the use of psychographics, as opposed to demographics, result in more significant results that can help firms identify ecologically conscious consumers. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the relationship between consumers who identify as pescetarian, vegetarian, or vegan, and their respective participation in the green movement in terms of their pro-environmental attitudes and their purchase behaviors. Consumers' reason for choosing an alternative diet, their relative commitment to the alternative diet, as well as their level of green participation based on the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) scale and the Ecologically Conscious Consumer Behavior (ECCB) scale was measure and analyzed. Additionally, a conclusion and discussion of the study, potential marketing implications, and suggestions for future studies will be reviewed.

Cancer, an aggressive chronic disease, impacts the lives of millions of people every day. There are numerous proposed triggers related to the diagnosis and much remains to be learned about the causes. Associated with this disease's variability is the challenge to identify a single causative agent that lead to its prevention. Specific topics that need additional evidence relate to environmental factors and lifestyle behaviors in the development, treatment and, in some instances, even suppression of disease progression. Specifically, a diet that excludes animal-based products but consists of a variety of fruits and vegetables (i.e., plant-based vegan diet) is reported to retard disease progression among some individuals diagnosed with cancer. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the effects of a plant-based vegan diet as a treatment approach with individuals who have been diagnosed with cancer. The methodology included a systematic review of literature focusing on use of a plant-based vegan diet on cancer risks in research articles published in peer reviewed journals from 2006 to 2018. Consistent findings include evidence that a diet high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and minimal amounts of animal products showed a decrease risk of the development of various types of cancer. Recommendations for nursing education, practice, policy and research are discussed.