京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(情報学) / 甲第22807号 / 情博第737号 / 新制||情||126(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院情報学研究科システム科学専攻 / (主査)教授 下平 英寿, 教授 田中 利幸, 教授 鹿島 久嗣 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Informatics / Kyoto University / DFAM

Výpočetní tomografie je nástroj pro nedestruktivní inspekci vzorků, který je běžně používán v mnoha oblastech průmyslu a výzkumu. Některé tomografické přístroje umožňují snímání obrazů s prostorovým rozlišením pod jeden mikrometr. Zorné pole takovýchto přístrojů bývá malé, v rozsahu jednotek milimetrů či méně. Tím jsou omezeny rozměry vzorků, což je značně limitující. Toto omezení lze překonat pomocí různých technik pro rozšíření zorného pole. Jedna takováto dříve publikovaná metoda byla v této práci upravena a implementována pro přístroj Rigaku Nano3DX. Tato technika téměř zdvojnásobuje zorné pole přístroje bez nutnosti většího detektoru. Implementovaný přístup byl testován pomocí umělých i skutečných dat, a jeho účinnost byla zhodnocena subjektivně i objektivně, pomocí vizuální kontroly a metrik kvality obrazu. Hodnocení je převážně založeno na srovnání obrazů rekonstruovaných pomocí této metody s obrazy získanými pomocí většího detektoru. Implementovaná technika rozšíření zorného pole poskytuje věrné rekonstrukce vzorku, srovnatelné se zmíněnými protějšky.

Denna kvantitativa studie undersökte hur textförståelsen hos mellanstadieelever påverkades av egen läsning i jämförelse med att lyssna på uppläst text via talsyntes. Studien syftade också till att undersöka hur avkodningsförmågan påverkade textförståelsen där egen läsning jämfördes med uppläst text via talsyntes. De 71 deltagarna genomförde tester i avkodning samt ett textförståelsetest bestående av 2 texter för egen läsning och 2 texter upplästa via talsyntes med tillhörande frågor. Studien lades upp enligt en tvärsnittsdesign där datainsamlingen gjordes för flera fall vid samma tidpunkt. Datan presenterades med hjälp av deskriptiv statistik vilket synliggjorde samband och mönster och möjliggjorde en analys av resultatet. Talsyntesen som verktyg bidrog inte till ökad förståelse och det fanns små tecken på att det var svårare att ta till sig text via talsyntes, framför allt i gruppen som läser enligt kursplanen i svenska som andraspråk. Takeffekter i testmaterialet blev tydliga och gjorde testresultaten på textförståelsetesterna svårtolkade. Avkodningsförmågan visade sig inte påverka resultaten vid de textförståelsetester som innebar egen läsning, något som hänvisades till dessa takeffekter. Inte heller i talsyntestesterna visade sig avkodningsförmågan påverka resultaten i någon högre grad. Däremot visade sig avkodningsförmågan påverka lästiden. Sammanfattningsvis ledde talsyntesen till tidsvinst men inte till ökad förståelse.

This thesis represents the Model-View-Controller pattern. It is focused especially at the description of the particular architecture layers principle and its functionality. It deals with the reasons of the three-layer architecture invention and it also deals with the advantages and the disadvantages provided by this pattern. The most frequent implementation of the MVC – the access to the data stored in the database through the web user interface is also described in this chapter. The next part of the thesis is concentrated on .NET Framework platform created from very voluminous, language-neutral library that is basically huge collection of the source codes providing the solution for common programmer’s problems and from the interface used for running up the applications created in .NET environment. The goal of the chapter concering with .NET Framework is to describe its architecture. The thesis also describes the platform invention, various versions of the .NET, the data access technology ADO.NET and the ASP.NET member ObjectDataSource. The chapter describing languages supported by the .NET Framework is focused on the C# language and its versions. The application “Multilayer applications in .NET environment” is the practical implementation of the mentioned technologies and it is described in the last chapter. The application’s architecture with the concentration on the particular Model-View-Controller layers implementation in the form of Microsoft Visual Studio 2005 projects is also described in the thesis. Special attention is paid to each operation over the data stored in the database tables that the application enables the user to execute, as for example data inserting, updating, selecting or deleting. The common business object’s child generation process is also described deep into the details.

Purpose of this thesis is to introduce reader to 3D parametric construction tools and their application with dynamic geometry. Project introduces basic concepts of parametric construction in computer geometry, summary of the state of the art, description of selected parametric geometry software, evaluation of its features and design of 3D parametric geometry library for use in computer graphics followed by implementation of said library and user interface application for evaluation.

Le déclin et la fermeture de nombreuses conserveries qui jusqu’aux années 70 du XXe siècle animaient une partie du territoire au sud-ouest de la ville de Matosinhos au Portugal, a culminé avec l’existence d’un espace occupé en grande partie par des usines à l’abandon et en ruines. Un diagnostic urbain et social réalisé par le pouvoir local a abouti à la proposition d’une réforme urbanistique pour cette zone. Une surface d’action de 101 ha qui serait désormais nommée par le biais de la toponymie Matosinhos Sul [MS] a alors été administrativement circonscrite. Le pouvoir local, les investisseurs, les architectes ou les urbanistes ont discuté de la transformation constructive et fonctionnelle de cette zone dès le début des années 1990. En conséquence, à partir des dernières années de la même décennie, de nouveaux habitants ont commencé à arriver à MS. Ils sont venus occuper un ensemble de nouveaux immeubles d’appartements au prix d’achat élevé. À leur arrivée, ils ont trouvé un espace très souvent comparé aux ‘qualités sociales et urbaines’ des beaux-quartiers de la ville voisine, Porto. Mais ils ont également trouvé des bâtiments abandonnés, de vieux espaces commerciaux ou une occupation de l’espace public pas toujours conforme à leurs attentes.La question posée à propos de ce scénario est simple : comment MS s’est-il formé ? Afin de répondre à cette question, une hypothèse épistémologique différente a été adoptée. MS n’a pas été considérée comme une unité géographique et sociale a priori. Le ‘risque tautologique’ d’analyser cet espace à partir d’une unité géographique préalable ou d’y chercher des groupes sociaux conformes aux divisions scientifiques n’aboutirait qu’à la réunion de cette unité et de ce groupe. Au lieu de cette approche, qui risque de ratifier des catégories pratiques et savantes, nous avons plutôt cherché à savoir comment les acteurs sociaux engagés dans cette réforme urbaine ont défini, selon leurs dispositions sociales, ce qu’est ou devrait être MS. Cette approche se traduit par l’apparition d’un ensemble de représentations sur les diverses dimensions constitutives de la vie sociale de MS qui, autrement, seraient cachées. Dans les méandres de cette pluralité de points de vue - sur lesquels nous cherchons évidemment des régularités - il y a une série de luttes à propos de la direction sociale, symbolique et territoriale de MS. Ainsi, cette thèse propose de collecter et d’analyser un ensemble de catégories et d’actions mises en œuvre par différents acteurs afin de définir MS. Pour finir, à partir de cette étude, nous entendons montrer que les propriétés associées à un espace et aux groupes qui l’occupent sont avant tout des conventions socialement fondées.Cette recherche sera développée à partir d’entretiens semi-directifs, d’observations, de l’étude de statistiques officielles, de la consultation de documents juridiques et de l’analyse de sources journalistiques. Avec cela, nous essayons de restaurer les stratégies d’action qui se trouvent derrière une série d’agents impliqués dans cette opération et (trans) formation sociale et urbaine. Parmi eux, des politiciens du pouvoir local, des architectes, des résidents, des commerçants, mais aussi quelques gardiens des immeubles qui marquent la morphologie de ce ‘nouvel’ espace. / The decline and closure of countless fish canneries, which until the 1970s enlivened part of the territory of southwest of the city of Matosinhos, in Portugal, culminated in an area largely occupied by abandoned factory buildings in ruins. An urbanistic and social diagnosis carried out by local authorities resulted in the proposal of an urbanistic reform for this area. An area of 101 ha was then administratively circumscribed, which would henceforth be designated by the toponymy Matosinhos Sul [MS]. Local authorities, investors, architects or urbanists were discussing the constructive and functional transformation of this area since the early 1990s. As a result, at the end of that same decade, new inhabitants started arriving to MS. They came to occupy a set of apartment buildings of high acquisition value. On their arrival, they found an area not infrequently compared to the ‘social and urbanistic qualities’ of the beaux quartiers from the neighbouring city, Porto. However, they found also abandoned buildings, former retail stores, or the exploitation of public space not always according to their expectations. The issue raised on this picture is a simple one: how was MS formed? To address/answer this question, a different epistemological assumption than usual was adopted. MS was not considered as a geographical and social unit a priori. The ‘tautological risk’ of analysing this area from a prior geographical unit, or of searching for social groups conforming to scientific divisions in it, would merely result in finding that unit and that group. In place of this approach, which risks ratifying practical and theoretical categories, this Thesis sought to understand how the social actors engaged in this urbanistic reform defined, according to their own social dispositions, what is, or should be, MS. This approach results in a set of representations about the various dimensions constituting the social life/environment of MS which, otherwise, would remain hidden. In/Within the intricacies of this multitude of viewpoints – in which, evidently, one can still search for regularities – we find a series of struggles about the social, symbolic, and territorial directions of MS. As such, this Thesis proposes to gather and analyse a set of categories and actions put into practice by different actors to define MS. Finally, from this study one intends to show that the properties associated to an area and to the groups which occupy it are, above all, socially founded conventions. This research is grounded on semi-directive interviews, observations, study of official statistics, consulting of legal documents, and analysis of newspaper sources. With this, it is intended to reconstruct the action strategies behind a series of agents involved in this operation of social and urbanistic (trans) formation. Among these are local politicians, architects, dwellers, business owners, but also few ‘concierges’ from the apartment buildings which shape the morphology of this new ‘area’.

The impending NHI will cause a disruptive change in the health care industry in South Africa. For that reason the affected firms need to prepare themselves. Furthermore the current stakeholders in the private health care sector are feeling disenfranchised in terms of how the NHI will turn out.The aim of this study was to understand the response of existing firms whose existence is threatened due to impending disruptive change.The research method that was used was qualitative and exploratory in design. It involved one on one semi structured interviews with 13 respondents from a total of 7 firms who were selected to participate in the study, from the following business groups: pharmaceutical firms, private hospitals, and medical distributors.The findings revealed that the majority of firms would respond by strengthening their relations with the government who is the key stakeholder in the NHI. Secondly, they would build capacity in terms of resources and capabilities in line with the NHI. Lastly, they would innovate their value offering in the current market or new markets. / Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS) / unrestricted

A good health condition is important to maintain. It is a root cause to many other positive aspects in life. Productivity in a working industry can be improved if employees have a good health condition. Because of this, some companies are interested in keeping their employees as healthy as possible. The IT-consulting company CGI uses an in-house developed application, called CGIMoving, to offer exercise campaigns for its employees to encourage a healthy lifestyle. CGIMoving is a web system for logging physical exercise activities, where employees can voluntarily participate and log their workout activity and earn rewards. The CGI members who are responsible for the project have made a backlog with features that they wish to be implemented. The goal of the project was to improve CGIMoving by implementing a set of chosen backlog features. Product improvement was done according to an agile Scrum methodology. Tools and techniques used were the ASP.NET web-development framework and the Model-View-Controller design pattern with Visual Studio as the development environment. This report documents the development of six improvements to the CGIMoving system. These improvements are documented in the implemented order: (1) create predefined activities for a campaign, implementation of reminders for (2) inactivity and (3) unclaimed rewards, (4) edit user registered activities, (5) edit information about users and (6) create events. The improvements resulted in an upgraded version of the product. / <p>Digitalt presentation via Zoom</p>

Being able to write is considered a basic skill. Those who lack writing ability risk ending up in exclusion and a sense of not belonging in society. It has been shown that many students have insufficient knowledge of the written language and experience writing as a challenging activity. For students with language, reading and writing difficulties, the challenge is even greater and they need special educational support in writing instruction. This study aims to shed light on which writing instruction special needs teachers and special education teachers use and how they reason about its content and structure. It also addresses obstacles and opportunities that special needs teachers and special education teachers have experienced regarding teaching writing and additional adjustments for students with writing difficulties. Another focus lies on how successful collaborations with class teachers can look like when it comes to teaching writing. The data collection took place via semi-structured interviews with eight special needs teachers and special education teachers who shared their perceptions and experiences. Participants highlight aspects such as mapping, support structures and motivation. They see opportunities in the right expectations, differentiated teaching and digital tools. Lack of time and prioritization of support measures other than writing appear as obstacles. The ability to communicate and use each other's knowledge and experience is described as important for collaboration between special teachers and teachers.

Video modeling is an evidence-based practice for teaching a wide range of skills to individuals with disabilities. Recent advances in technology have also made video modeling and video prompting more accessible and feasible for teachers and practitioners. This study aims to see if a functional difference exists between two filming perspectives: point-of-view and spectator. Using a single-subject alternating treatments design with least-to-most prompting, the researcher investigated differences between the two perspectives. Four individuals participated in this study—two males and two females between the ages of 19 and 21 with varying disabilities. Data were analyzed visually. Tasks that were taught are: cutting paper using a paper slicer, gluing paper onto a painted wood block, and opening a combination lock. At the conclusion of the study, it was determined that there is not a substantial difference between the two perspectives. However, participants successfully learned the new skills in both perspectives, indicating that positive outcomes may be observed when using a video prompting intervention to teach new skills to young adults with disabilities.