Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T16:44:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Antonio Thomaz Pacheco Lessa Neto.pdf: 3151767 bytes, checksum: d39f096f36e24de37a2e846d245fa19e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-05 / Knowledge flows, especially in subsidiaries of multinational corporations, now have an increasing importance in organizations and therefore the discussion of research in the field. The aim of this work is to analyze flows not only through transfers, but also conversions of knowledge between the three families of intangible assets (external structure, internal structure and individual competence), since, for the creation of value, the key lies in the fact that such transfers and conversions be effective (SVEIBY, 2001). Concerning the method, this dissertation presents an empirical study through a survey applied along the Brazilian subsidiaries of multinational corporations, from a theoretical construct Knowledge-based view (KBV) where makes an analysis of the assets of individual competence, internal structure and external structure, and having for its object of study brazilian companies in Brazil listed in data collection known as the best and biggest from business magazine EXAME covering the year 2012. The study indicates, for the sample data (nine respondents) removed of the universe effectively researched (140 companies and not the initial 565), that there is the maximization of value creation from knowledge flows in two directions only by knowledge transfers and conversions of Individual Competencies for External Structure, within the Internal Structure, of Internal Structure for Individual Competencies and within the External Structure / Os fluxos de conhecimento, de modo especial em subsidiárias de corporações multinacionais, passam a ter uma importância crescente nas organizações e por consequência nas discussões de pesquisas no campo. O objetivo deste trabalho é a análise dos fluxos, não somente através das transferências, mas também das conversões, de conhecimento entre as três famílias de ativos intangíveis (estrutura externa, estrutura interna e competência individual), uma vez que, para a criação de valor, a chave reside no fato de tais transferências e conversões serem eficazes (SVEIBY, 2001). Quanto ao método, esta dissertação apresenta um estudo empírico desenvolvido através de uma survey aplicada junto às subsidiárias brasileiras de corporações multinacionais, a partir de um construto teórico da visão baseada no conhecimento (VBC) - ou Knowledge-based View (KBV) - onde se faz uma análise dos ativos de competência individual, de estrutura interna e de estrutura externa, e tendo por objeto de estudo as empresas do Brasil listadas no levantamento de dados conhecido como Melhores e Maiores da Revista EXAME referente ao ano de 2012. O estudo indica, para a amostra dos dados (nove respondentes) retirada do universo efetivamente pesquisado (140 empresas e não as 565 iniciais), que existe a maximização de criação de valor a partir dos fluxos de conhecimento em duas direções somente pelas transferências e conversões de conhecimento de Competências Individuais para a Estrutura Externa, dentro da Estrutura Interna, da Estrutura Interna para as Competências Individuais e dentro da Estrutura Externa

Syfte: Företagens miljömässiga ansvar har blivit en allt mer central fråga för företagets intressenter. Tidigare studier som har behandlat relationen mellan Corporate Environmental Performance CEP och Financial Performance FP har resulterat i varierande utfall. Två faktorer som anses påverka denna relation är olikheter mellan branscher och brister i det interna organisationsarbetet. För att få en tydligare bild av relationen mellan CEP och FP behöver forskningen utvecklas för företag som agerar i en ur miljösynpunkt tung bransch. Syftet med studien är att förklara om det finns ett samband mellan CEP och FP i fossila bränsleintensiva företag och se om sambandet är starkare eller svagare om företaget använder en CSR-kommitté. Metod: Studien utgår från en positivistisk forskningsfilosofi med en deduktiv ansats. Studien har en kvantitativ strategi och har formats av en longitudinell design, där sekundärdata har inhämtats för åren 2014-2017 från databasen Thomson Reuters Datastream. Detta har genererat ett urval bestående av 827 publika bolag från hela världen vars data har analyserats i statistikprogrammet SPSS och presenteras i tabeller. Resultat & slutsats: Studiens resultat visar att det finns ett positivt samband mellan miljödimensionen CEP och den finansiella prestationen mätt utifrån både redovisningsmåttet ROE och marknadsmåttet Tobins Q för fossila bränsleintensiva företag. För de fossila bränsleintensiva företagen med en CSR-kommitté visade även resultatet ett starkare samband mellan CEP och FP än för företag utan CSR-kommitté. En jämförelse mellan olika sektorer visade en tydlig variation mellan resultaten, där vissa sektorer hade ett negativt samband mellan CEP och FP. Examensarbetets bidrag: Studien bidrar till den empiriska forskningen och utökar förståelsen för relationen mellan CEP och FP genom att studera fossila bränsleintensiva företag, som är en miljömässigt tung bransch. Studien bidrar även med teoretisk information om huruvida kontinuerligt arbete via CSR-kommittéer påverkar denna relation. Vidare ger studien ett praktiskt bidrag genom att uppmuntra företag att engagera sig i CEP-aktiviteter, istället för uppkomsten av tvingande miljöregleringar, för att nå lönsamhet. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Ett förslag till fortsatt forskning är att gå djupare ner bland fler sektorer för att kunna se skillnader mellan branscher och göra djupare analyser mellan dessa för att få en större förståelse om relationen mellan CEP och FP. Det kan också finnas skillnader mellan företag av olika storlek, därför är ett andra förslag att dela upp och jämföra resultaten mellan stora och små företag. / Aim: The company's environmental responsibility has become an increasingly central issue for the company's stakeholders. Earlier studies that have addressed the relationship between Corporate Environmental Performance CEP and Financial Performance FP have resulted in varying outcomes. Two factors that are considered to affect this relationship are differences between industries and shortcomings in internal organization work. In order to get a clearer picture of the relationship between CEP and FP, research needs to be developed for companies acting in an environmentally heavy industry. The purpose of the study is to explain if there is a connection between CEP and FP in fossil fuel firms and see if the association is stronger or weaker if the company uses a CSR committée. Method: This study is based on a positivistic research philosophy with a deductive approach. The study has a quantitative strategy and has been formed of a longitudinal design, where secondary data has been collected for the years 2014-2017 from the Thomson Reuters Datastream database. This has generated a sample of 827 public companies worldwide whose data has been analyzed in the SPSS statistics program and presented in tables. Result & Conclusions: The result of the study shows that there is a positive correlation between the environmental dimension CEP and the financial performance, measured based on both the accounting measure ROE and the market measure Tobins Q for fossil fuel firms. For the fossil fuel firms with a CSR committée, the result also showed a stronger relationship between CEP and FP than for companies without a CSR committée. A comparison between sectors showed a clear variation between the results, where some sectors had a negative link between CEP and FP. Contribution of the thesis: The study contributes to empirical research and understanding of the relationship between CEP and FP by studying fossil fuel firms, which is an environmentally heavy industry. The study also contributes with theoretical information about whether continuous work through CSR committees affects this relationship. The study also provides a practical contribution by encouraging companies to engage in CEP activities, instead of the emergence of compelling environmental regulations, to achieve profitability. Suggestions for future research: A proposal for further research is to go deeper into more sectors to see differences between industries and to make deeper analyzes between them to gain a better understanding of the relationship between CEP and FP. There may also be differences between companies of different sizes, so a second proposal is to divide and compare the results between large and small companies.

Notre recherche vise à identifier pour notre partenaire socio-économique, le Pôle services à la personne PACA (PSP PACA), les manières possibles dont il peut soutenir l’activité d’innovation de ses adhérents et des acteurs du champ des services à domicile. Nous avons dans un premier temps, à l’aide de revues de littérature, bâti un modèle théorique d’analyse nous permettant de mettre en évidence l’ensemble des activités cognitives, politiques, constructives et productives, fondamentales dans la conduite de projet entrepreneuriaux visant à transformer ou à renforcer un champ. Nous nous sommes pour cela appuyés sur une littérature portant sur la perspective fondée sur le projet, et sur trois ensembles de littérature sur l’appropriation d’objets de conception. Nous avons ensuite mobilisé ce modèle d’analyse dans la lecture approfondie de deux cas de projets conduits par le PSP sous forme d’actions collectives. La mobilisation de ce modèle d’analyse nous a permis d’examiner les dispositifs (organisationnels, d’animation, d’accompagnement, …) mis en place par l’équipe du pôle au niveau des actions collectives, et leur incidence sur les activités qui s’y sont déroulées. Celle-ci nous a également permis d’identifier, en contexte, les éléments qui ont été par la suite appropriés ou adoptés par les opérateurs de services, durant la conduite de leurs propres projets. Nous avons alors mis en évidence un certain nombre de leviers d’ordre méthodologique, sur lesquels peut s’appuyer l’équipe du pôle pour optimiser l’organisation et l’animation de telles actions collectives. Ces résultats nous ont alors conduits à émettre trois principaux axes de discussion théorique / Our research aims to identify, for the PSP PACA our socio-economic partner, the possible ways to support the innovation activity of its members and the home-care services field players. Firstly, based on an expanded literature review, we built a theoretical model of analysis allowing us to highlight all the cognitive, political, constructive and productive fundamental activities in the implementation of entrepreneurial projects intended to transform or strengthen a field. Thus, we rely on a project-based view literature and on three sets of literature on the appropriation of human artefacts. Secondly, we mobilized this model of analysis in the in-depth reading of two cases of projects carried out by the PSP PACA, setting up collective actions. Mobilizing this analytical model allowed us to examine the different ways (organization, collective animation and individual support) by which the PSP team carried out theses collective actions, and their subsequent impact on the activities. It also allowed us to identify, in context, the elements that were appropriated or adopted by the participants while conducting their own projects. We then highlighted a certain number of methodological levers, on which the team of the cluster can rely to optimize - according to its aims and its orientations - the organization and the animation of such collective actions. We articulated these levers according to four different modalities in order to facilitate their mobilization by participants or project carriers. These results then led us to put forward three main axes of theoretical discussion

<p>Syftet med uppsatsen är att få kunskap om hur svenska icke-muslimska kvinnor ser på muslimska kvinnor, samt på vilket sätt svenska författare har skildrat kvinnan och islam. Med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer och textanalys har min vetskap blivit större.</p><p>Urvalet svenska akademiska författare<strong> </strong>som studien bygger på vill visa att kränkningen av kvinnor inte handlar om religion utan om hur Koranen har blivit feltolkad samt hur resten av världen ser på den muslimska kulturen. Bland författarna finns teorier om att kvinnan är ett offer för samhället, feltolkningar och fördomar men även ett offer på grund av bristen på jämlikhet inom islam.</p><p>Kunskapen om islam är inte så stor hos intervjupersonerna. De är kluvna i sin bild av den muslimska kvinnan. Dels ses hon som ett offer i slöja, kuvad och underlägsen. Dels påpekas det att hon är en del av religionen likväl som mannen. Det finns en tanke hos intervjupersonerna om att kvinnor kränks men inte på grund av religionen. Den muslimske mannen har en bister framtoning och ses som familjens överhuvud.</p> / <p>The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into how Swedish non-Muslim women look at Muslim women, as well as the manner in which Swedish authors have depicted women and Islam. Through qualitative interviews and text analysis, my knowledge has grown.</p><p>The selection of Swedish academic writers included in this study wants to show that the violation of women is not about religion but about how the Quran has been misinterpreted, and how the world looks at the Muslim culture. Among the authors we find theories that the woman is a victim of society, misinterpretations and prejudices but also a victim because of lack of equality in Islam.</p><p>The knowledge of Islam is not much developed among the interviewees and they have a split view of the Muslim woman. Partly she is seen as a victim of the veil, subjugated and inferior. Partly it is pointed out that she is a part of Muslim religion in the same way as the man is. There is a view among the interviewees that women are violated because of religion. The Muslim man has a grim image and is seen as the head of the family.</p>

Syftet med uppsatsen är att få kunskap om hur svenska icke-muslimska kvinnor ser på muslimska kvinnor, samt på vilket sätt svenska författare har skildrat kvinnan och islam. Med hjälp av kvalitativa intervjuer och textanalys har min vetskap blivit större. Urvalet svenska akademiska författare som studien bygger på vill visa att kränkningen av kvinnor inte handlar om religion utan om hur Koranen har blivit feltolkad samt hur resten av världen ser på den muslimska kulturen. Bland författarna finns teorier om att kvinnan är ett offer för samhället, feltolkningar och fördomar men även ett offer på grund av bristen på jämlikhet inom islam. Kunskapen om islam är inte så stor hos intervjupersonerna. De är kluvna i sin bild av den muslimska kvinnan. Dels ses hon som ett offer i slöja, kuvad och underlägsen. Dels påpekas det att hon är en del av religionen likväl som mannen. Det finns en tanke hos intervjupersonerna om att kvinnor kränks men inte på grund av religionen. Den muslimske mannen har en bister framtoning och ses som familjens överhuvud. / The purpose of this paper is to gain insight into how Swedish non-Muslim women look at Muslim women, as well as the manner in which Swedish authors have depicted women and Islam. Through qualitative interviews and text analysis, my knowledge has grown. The selection of Swedish academic writers included in this study wants to show that the violation of women is not about religion but about how the Quran has been misinterpreted, and how the world looks at the Muslim culture. Among the authors we find theories that the woman is a victim of society, misinterpretations and prejudices but also a victim because of lack of equality in Islam. The knowledge of Islam is not much developed among the interviewees and they have a split view of the Muslim woman. Partly she is seen as a victim of the veil, subjugated and inferior. Partly it is pointed out that she is a part of Muslim religion in the same way as the man is. There is a view among the interviewees that women are violated because of religion. The Muslim man has a grim image and is seen as the head of the family.

Die Arbeit befasst sich mit Methodenproblemen in der Strategischen Managementforschung. Auf Basis einer Meta-Analyse zum Zusammenhang zwischen Ressourcen im Sinne des Resource-based view und der Performance von Unternehmen werden verschiedene Erklärungen für die zu beobachtende Ergebnisheterogenität in den Primärstudien empirisch gegenübergestellt. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass die Operationalisierung des Konstrukts "organisationale Leistung" den größten Beitrag zur Erklärung der Varianz der Studienergebnisse erbringt. Die Appropriationstheorie liefert einen überzeugenden Erklärungsansatz zum systematischen Zusammenhang zwischen Leistung und Studienergebnissen. / The dissertation thesis contrasts various explanations for heterogeneity in strategic management research findings using meta-analytical techniques. I evaluate research results for a well-known research questions in strategic management research, the relation between performance and resources in the framework of resource-based view, and find that the way how the construct ‘performance’ is being operationalized explains a significant part of the observed heterogeneity in research findings, distinctly more than problems like population selection or the unclear temporal link between dependent and independent variables. Appropriation theory is shown to provide a convincing explanation for the observed outcome.

No description available.

Uppsatsen syftade till att undersöka skolpolitiken som låg till grund för Lgy 70 och Lpf 94. Specifikt fokus låg på att i utredningsmaterialet undersöka politikens styrande effekter genom att utifrån argumenten blottlägga dess människo- och kunskapssyn. Metoden som har använts var Carol Lee Bacchis What’s the problem represented to be?-approach. I uppsatsen har en analys av diskursen genomförts på det material som ligger till grund för de nämnda läroplanerna. Undersökningen har funnit att den övergripande problemtiken gällande gymnasieskolorna var att gymnasiet framställdes som omodernt och icke-anpassningsbart till samhället. Dock var det en specifik grupp elever som utgjorde problemet och som skolan var tvungen att anpassas till. Gruppen varierade mellan de olika tidsperioderna, men innefattade dem som inte klarade av skolan i dess dåvarande form. Lösningarna på den av utredningarna antagna problematiken riktades oftast mot den här gruppen och medförde att elevernas valfrihet ökades. Denna valfrihet var dock en strategi som staten använde för att styra in eleverna mot en av staten sedd ”rätt” utbildning. Den underliggande människo- och kunskapssynen i samtliga utredningar var behavioristisk. Utredningarna antog att ungdomarna till stor del påverkades av sin bakgrund och sociala klass i valet av utbildning. Slutsatser som dras är att gymnasieskolan anpassas för arbetsmarknadens behov. Utbildning anses göra ungdomarna mer kvalificerade för yrkesverksamhet. För dem som inte klarar av detta måste skolan anpassas. Således reformerades gymnasieskolan efter de lågpresterande eleverna. / The purpose of this paper was to examine the Swedish school policies that formed the basis for the curriculums Lgy 70 and Lpf 94. Specific focus was on finding the governing effects in the exanimated material by extracting its view on humans and knowledge. The method used was Carol Lee Bacchi’s What’s the problem represented to be?-approach. With this method authors conducted an analysis of the discourse in the material. The investigation of the material found that the overall problem concerning the Upper secondary school was their portrayal as outdated and non-adaptive to the society of that time. However, a group of students were represented to be the problem to which the school needed to adapt. The content of the group differed between the two time-periods (the 1960s and the 1990s), but the group included those who were not capable of managing the school of that time. The solutions to the, by the investigations assumed problem, were directed towards this group of student and resulted in an increased freedom of choice for them. This freedom of choice was however a control strategy used by the government to direct student towards a, by the government considered, “proper” education. The underlying view of humans and knowledge was a behavioural one. The exanimated investigations assumed that young people were largely influenced by their background and social class in their choice of education. In conclusion the Swedish upper secondary school were adapted to the demands of the labour market. Education was considered to make the students more qualified for their future life as workers. The school needed to adapt to those who were not capable of this.

La relation mère-enfant est une variable déterminante de l’adaptation de l’enfant exposé à la violence conjugale. Toutefois, les rares études qui analysent simultanément le point de vue de la mère et celui de l’enfant au sujet de la qualité de leur relation révèlent peu de liens entre eux. La présente étude vise à identifier les variables associées à l’écart dans l’évaluation que la mère et l’enfant victimes de violence conjugale font de la qualité de leur relation. Au total, 117 mères victimes de violence conjugale et leur enfant âgé entre 8 et 12 ans ont participé à l’étude. Conformément aux hypothèses, plusieurs variables déjà liées à la qualité de la relation mère-enfant en contexte de violence conjugale sont associées aux différences de points de vue. C’est le cas pour les troubles extériorisés de l’enfant, son degré de parentification, la détresse de la mère et les troubles intériorisés de l’enfant. En revanche, l’intensité de la violence conjugale, la présence d’abus physique et le sexe de l’enfant ne prédisent pas de manière significative les écarts de point de vue entre la mère et l’enfant. La discussion montre l’intérêt de prendre en compte non seulement le point de vue de la mère et celui de l’enfant à propos de leur relation mais également leurs écarts de point de vue et les facteurs qui y contribuent. / The mother-child relationship is a determinant factor that predicts the adaptation of children exposed to domestic violence. The few studies who consider both mother and child perceptions of the mother-child relationship quality find little similarity between them. The current study identifies the variables associated to different perceptions between mothers and children exposed to domestic violence while evaluating the motherchild relationship. The research was conducted with 117 abused women and their children aged 8 to 12. In accordance to the hypothesis, many variables that are already linked to the mother-child relationship’s quality in a context of domestic violence are associated to differences in points of views. It’s the case for the externalized problems of the child, his parentification degree, the mother’s distress and the internalized problems of the child. On the other hand, the domestic violence’s intensity, the physical abuse and the child’s sex do not significantly predict the difference in points of views between the mother and the child. The discussion underlines the importance of evaluating the mother’s and the child’s perceptions as well as the differences between them and the contributing factors.

權力概念不僅在日常生活中被廣泛使用，更是政治學科的基本概念。然而，對我們如此重要的權力概念卻始終缺乏一個所有人認同的內涵，即便有眾多學者前仆後繼地投入權力研究中，在人言言殊的情況下，我們對於權力概念的理解反而更加模糊。為了解決權力概念的困境，本文在檢視當前對於權力概念的主要論述後，將之大致分成三種權力觀點：權力行使觀、權力能力觀、權力界線觀。本文認為：雖然這三種權力觀點皆無法憑一己之力描繪出完整的權力概念，但他們卻各自指出權力概念的不同部份，因而彼此之間有互補關係。為了完整理解權力概念，本文乃將此三種觀點進一步整合成「三位一體權力整合觀」，並闡明三位一體權力整合觀優於個別權力觀點之處。最後，為了彰顯本文提出的權力整合觀不僅僅是純粹抽象的理論建構，同時也能進行實際的操作，論文最後除了以實際的例子來說明權力整合觀比個別權力觀點還能辨識出完整的權力現象外，也試圖指出權力整合觀更能「有意義地」提出衡量權力大小的指標。