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Perceptions of violence among learners at a coeducational secondary school in Durban.Gaillard-Thurston, Claire. January 2003 (has links)
This study concerns the perceptions of school-based violence amongst grade nine male and female learners in a working class high school in Durban. The school's racial dynamics has seen a change from a largely Coloured population to a majority Black school population. As an educator in the school and as a member of the community in which it is located, I am aware of several instances of violence within the school and the locale. I am also aware of several incidents that have been noted by community members whereby male and female learners have retaliated violently against those male and female educators who remain reliant on physically violent methods of classroom management. Former school-based policies aimed at curbing violence within this school have proved to be unsuccessful. In drafting these policies, not only have the school's management team failed to consider learner-perceptions regarding their experiences of violence - they have also failed to recognize the gender dimensions of violence. This study attempts to fill this gap. Research data was gathered by means of a semi- structured questionnaire in the form of essays in which my research sample were requested to reflect on their recent experiences of school-based violence. The data suggests that violence is a common occurrence at the school and impacts negatively on all learners. However, there are differences in the effects of violence on male learners as compared to the female learners. Some of the violence affirmed a violent hegemonic masculinity while girls also committed violence against other girls and boys. No effective strategies exist to counter the prevalence of violence in the school. This study shows why it is necessary to focus on the gendered nature of violence in schooling. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2003.
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Dynamics of school violence and the role of school leadership in reducing it in two Umlazi Township schools.Duma, Siphiwe Ishmael. January 2013 (has links)
This study examined the dynamics of school violence and the role of school leadership in
reducing it in two Umlazi township schools. A case study was conducted in two secondary
schools in Umlazi township. The aim of the study was to explore how school leaders (School
Governing bodies, School Management Teams, educators, learners and parents) help schools
to reduce violence. This qualitative study was set in the interpretivist paradigm. The research
tools compromised of semi-structured interviews, documents analysis and observations. The
two theories which underpinned this study were violent and non-violent theories. A review of
international and national literature around school violence revealed that some of the
challenges of learner-indiscipline encountered by South African schools were being
experienced world-wide. The findings of this research were a revelation to me that violence
in schools and in the community has escalated to such an extent that it has become an access
problem for some learners in many schools in South Africa (SAIRR, 2008). I had a privilege
of experiencing first-hand what secondary school educators, managers and parents
encountered and dealt with on a daily basis. It is evident that learner indiscipline is on the
increase; educator’s teaching time is being consumed in dealing with discipline issues;
educators are becoming frustrated and demoralised; the tribunal hearings are not regarded as
an effective structure by educators, learners and parental involvement is lacking as parents
seems to have abdicated the responsibility for their children’s behaviour and education to the
school management and educators. Further, the SGB play a limited role in the activities of the
school due to their incapacity and lack of empowerment.
Some of the recommendations based on the findings are that schools must involve all
stakeholders in the formation of the Code of Conduct policy. The contents and procedures
outlined in the policy must be communicated to all stakeholders and there must be
consistency in its application. Stakeholders must formulate innovative strategies to engage
parents to actively participate in the activities of the school. The Department of Education
must fulfil its obligation to capacitate parents and other stakeholders. An empowered SMT
and SGB will make a greater contribution to the elimination of school violence. / Thesis (M.Ed.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2013.
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The evaluation of a multi-modal cognitive-behavioural approach to treating an adolescent with conduct disorder /Mashalaba, Eugenia Dudu. January 2004 (has links)
Thesis (M.A. (Psychology))--Rhodes University, 2005. / "This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Master of Arts degree in Clinical Psychology" -T.p.
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Violência doméstica contra crianças e adolescentes: sentidos e significados atribuídos por familiares envolvidos com o conselho tutelarMacedo, Lilian Magda de [UNESP] 02 August 2006 (has links) (PDF)
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macedo_lm_me_assis.pdf: 458049 bytes, checksum: 3afe7c79dee175b7e70a0041fa1d1542 (MD5) / A instituição familiar reveste-se de grande importância no que concerne ao desenvolvimento emocional e pessoal do indivíduo. É nela que a primeira socialização acontece; sua organização e relações são definidas histórica e socialmente; na sociedade capitalista, seu funcionamento é pautado na hierarquização etária e sexual e no binômio autoridade/amor, constituindo, inclusive situações de violência doméstica. Às famílias denunciadas por abusos físicos, psicológicos e/ou por atos negligentes é lançado um olhar e uma intervenção culpabilizadora, na maioria esmagadora dos casos. Conforme Martin-Baró (1997), tais famílias também são vítimas de toda uma conformação e estrutura social violenta, que lhe nega a possibilidade efetiva de se humanizar. O presente trabalho objetiva pesquisar os sentidos e significados da violência doméstica praticada por pais e/ou responsáveis contra crianças e adolescentes sob a perspectiva desses mesmos pais e/ou responsáveis, então envolvidos com o Conselho Tutelar de Bauru-SP. Como elementos teórico-metodológicos norteadores temos a Psicologia Social Sócio-Histórica, fundamentada no Materialismo Histórico e Dialético, e a Teoria da Vida Cotidiana de Agnes Heller. Foram realizadas entrevistas semi-estruturadas com cinco familiares abarcando os seguintes pontos: a compreensão e significação atribuídas aos motivos da procura e/ou encaminhamento ao Conselho Tutelar; a compreensão acerca de aspectos da história de vida com a família de origem; a vivência da realidade no cotidiano; e a compreensão, significação e subjetividade envolvida na educação dos filhos. A análise dos dados obtidos seguiu o método explicativo de Vigotski, no qual a fala, a palavra, o relato da família entrevistada constituem o ponto de partida. A partir da organização... / The family plays an important role in people's emotional and personal development. It is within the family that the first socialization process takes place; its organization and relationships are historically and socially defined; in the capitalistic society, its function is based on an age and sex hierarchy and on the authority/love binomial, producing for that very reason situations of domestic violence.The families accused of physical and psychological abuse and/or negligence are investigated and often found guilty of it. According to Martin-Baró (1997), such families are also victims of a violent constitution and social structure which denies them an effective chance of humanization. The dissertation at issue was carried out to investigate the domestic violence used by parents and/or their substitutes against children and teenagers according to the point-of-view of such parents and/or their substitutes involved with the Guardianship Council of Bauru - SP. The theoretical-methodological foundations of this research are found in the Socio-historical Social Psychology based on the Historical-Dialectic Materialism, and the Theory of Daily Life of Agnes Heller. Semi-structured interviews with five relatives were held comprising the following items: purport and meanings assigned to the reasons of searching for and/or guiding to the Guardianship Council; understanding of life history features within the family at issue; the grasp of reality in their daily lives; and the understanding, meaning and subjectivity involved in bringing up their children. The analysis of the data collected in the research followed the explanatory method outlined by Vigotski, in which their speech, the word, the report given by the interviewed families is the point of departure. The organization of guiding points ...(Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Violência Infantil e processos de trabalho na Atenção Primária: potencialidades para atuação em rede / Violence against children and Work Processes in Primary Health Care: potential for performance in networkMorais, Teresa Christine Pereira 25 August 2016 (has links)
Introdução: A violência contra a criança tem aumentado progressivamente no mundo, requerendo todos os esforços para a intervenção. As crianças constituem a parcela mais vulnerável e por extensão mais propensa a sofrerem todo tipo de violência, desde a menor negligência até o extremo da agressão física. O enfrentamento da violência contra a criança requer o desenvolvimento de processos de trabalho que considerem o processo saúde-doença na sua interface social, a partir do contexto em que ocorrem as situações de violência, sendo a Atenção Básica o locus privilegiado para a visibilização e enfrentamento do fenômeno. Objetivos: analisar as diferenças e semelhanças nos modos de enfrentamento da violência infantil nos municípios de Curitiba e São Paulo, por meio das redes de proteção, dos processos de trabalho e dos significados atribuídos pelos profissionais da Atenção Básica. Método: o estudo se pautou pela metodologia de natureza qualitativa, dado o seu caráter descritivo e exploratório. A base teórica está fundamentada na Teoria da Intervenção Práxica da Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva TIPESC, proposta por Egry, que busca a intervenção da Enfermagem através de uma metodologia dinâmica e participativa. Os cenários de pesquisa foram distritos de saúde dos municípios de Curitiba e São Paulo, onde realizou-se entrevistas semi-estruturadas junto aos profissionais da Atenção Básica. Utilizou-se do WebQDA ((Web Qualitative Data Analysis) para tratamento dos dados oriundos das entrevistas, da hermenêutica dialética para a análise dos discursos e do Fluxograma Analisador do Modelo de Atenção para investigar os processos de trabalho no enfrentamento da violência infantil na perspectiva da rede de atenção e proteção. Resultados: os significados da violência infantil emergiram vinculados a quatro núcleos de sentido principais: ambientes familiares desestruturados, drogadição e álcool, precárias condições de existência material das famílias e o despreparo para os cuidados parentais. Foram apontadas dificuldades, facilidades e fragilidades da rede assistencial para o enfrentamento, a necessidade de ações intersetoriais e de capacitação dos profissionais para o atendimento às situações de violência no âmbito da Atenção Básica. Conclusões: as diferenças e semelhanças nos modos de enfrentamento da violência infantil pelos profissionais da Atenção Básica ocorrem no âmbito das políticas de enfrentamento e das redes de atenção e proteção, onde há necessidade de adotar estratégias de ampliação da capacidade de monitoramento e acompanhamento dos casos notificados; no âmbito dos serviços, processos de trabalho e profissionais, onde há necessidade de formação qualificada dos trabalhadores e organização da rede de saúde para oferta de serviços assistenciais em quantidade e qualidade, além do aporte de profissionais para o enfrentamento da violência infantil. / Introduction: Violence against children has gradually increased in the world, requiring all efforts for intervention. Children are the most vulnerable part and so more likely to suffer all kinds of violence, since the minor negligence to the point of physical aggression. Coping violence against children requires the development of work processes that consider the health-disease process in its social interface, from the context in which situations of violence occur, being the Primary Care the privileged locus for the visualization and coping of the phenomenon. Objectives: To analyze the differences and similarities in the coping modes of violence against children in the cities of Curitiba and São Paulo, through the safety networks, the work processes and the meanings attributed by the professionals of Primary Care. Method: The study was guided by qualitative methodology, given its descriptive and exploratory nature. The theoretical basis is founded on the Theory of Praxis Intervention of Community Health Nursing (TIPESC, in Portuguese), proposed by Egry, that seeks the intervention of Nursing through a dynamic and participatory methodology. The research scenarios were health districts of the cities of Curitiba and São Paulo, where semi-structured interviews with professionals of primary care were conducted. The WebQDA (Web Qualitative Data Analysis) for processing the data from the interviews, the dialectic hermeneutics to analyze the discourses and Analysis Fluxogram of the Healthcare Attention Model to investigate the work processes in coping violence against children in the context of network of care and protection were used. Results: The meanings of violence against children emerged linked to four main units of meaning: unstructured family environments, drug addiction and alcohol, poor conditions of material existence of families, and the lack of preparation for parenting. Difficulties, facilities and weaknesses of the health care network to face the need for intersectoral action and training of professionals to attend to situations of violence in the context of Primary Care were identified. Conclusions: Differences and similarities in coping modes of violence against children by Primary Care professionals occur in the context of coping policies and care and protection networks, where there is need to adopt expansion strategies of monitoring capacity and monitoring of notified cases; and in the scope of the services, work processes and professionals, where there is need for qualified training of workers and organization of the health network for the provision of care services in quantity and quality, in addition to professional contribution to combat the violence against children.
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Repertórios e Sentidos sobre a notificação compulsória de casos de violência contra crianças e adolescentes no município de Goiânia - Goiás. / Schuster, L. (2015). Case studies and Recommendations on the compulsory notification of cases of violence against children and adolescents in the Municipality of Goiania Goias.Schuster, Lucinéia 03 March 2015 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2015-03-03 / The Statute of children and adolescents, was promulgated in 1990, aiming full time
attention on children and adolescents. So that this Statute becomes reality in our society,
public policies were created, with the objective in preserve and reinforce the rights of the
population, above all, in instances where they become victims of violence. The
implementation of these policies foresee the stabilishment of tecnical norms and
procedures to guide professionals on how to properly notify and register the cases of
violence. This has been done as an initial measure for the treatment and protection of
victims of violence and their families. From this context, the main objective of this work is
to understand the overview on violence against children and adolescents, which are
attributed by psycologists currenlty working at the Municipal Departament of Health of
Goiania. It is a qualitative research in social psychology, focusing on questioning social
acts such as the ones experiemced on everyday life. It s methodology is to analyse the
practical discursive and daily occurrence with bases on theoretical referential of social
constructionism. This research was conducted in Goiania city, and its content has been
based on documents of public domain that encompasses thematic observations and
interviews. The analysis reveals that these professionals understand the multifaceted
process and the variety of causes resulting on violence. However all these factors did not
sufficed the awareness of the importance of the notification of these cases. Another point
to be highlighted is that the capacitation of these professionals are in place, however they
are not continuous and the participation of the professionals of psycology is often
irregular. The consequences of these are the inefficiency of the public policies, as well as
the proper qualification to handle the cases of violence. / O Estatuto da Criança e do Adolescente, promulgado em 1990, traz a perspectiva de
atenção integral às crianças e aos adolescentes. Para que se concretize em nossa sociedade,
foram criadas políticas públicas com o objetivo de preservar os direitos dessa população,
sobretudo quando são vítimas de violência. A implementação dessas políticas prevê o
estabelecimento de normas técnicas e procedimentos para a orientação dos-as profissionais
no que se refere à notificação e registro dos casos de violência, como medida inicial para o
atendimento de proteção às vítimas de violência e às suas famílias. Partindo desse
contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho é compreender os sentidos sobre violência, contra
crianças e adolescentes, atribuídos por psicólogas que trabalham na Secretaria Municipal
de Saúde de Goiânia. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa em Psicologia Social, com foco
nos questionamentos dos atores sociais, tal como estes vivem no cotidiano. Tem como
metodologia de análise as Práticas discursivas e Produção de sentidos no cotidiano,
fundamentando-se no referencial teórico do Construcionismo Social. A pesquisa foi
realizada na cidade de Goiânia-Goiás, e tem como fontes de informação documentos de
domínio público e entrevistas. A análise revela que as profissionais compreendem o caráter
multifacetado e multicausal da violência, porém isso não tem sido suficiente para a
conscientização do ato de notificar. Outro ponto que deve ser destacado é que as
capacitações acontecem, porém não são contínuas e a participação das profissionais de
psicologia é bastante irregular. Isso traz como consequência problemas na efetivação das
políticas públicas, bem como a falta de qualificação para lidar com os casos de violência
no trabalho.
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Enfrentamento ? viola??o de direitos humanos dos adolescentes no Instituto Federal de Educa??o, Ci?ncia e Tecnologia do Amap?, Amap?, BrasilBARROSO, Maria L?cia Fernandes 26 September 2016 (has links)
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Previous issue date: 2016-09-26 / The research presented here was to investigate the views of the professionals of the Federal Institute of Education Science and Tecnology of Amap? (IFAP), Campus Macap? on the responsibility of the educational institution in combating violence suffered by adolescent students of the integrated secondary school. We sought to identify the knowledge that education teachers and technicians have about the legislation that advocates the rights of this segment to be raised and educated without violence of any kind, as well as to map the existence of cases of victimized students inside or outside the school environment as well as knowing what the view of the professionals in relation to this phenomenon. For this, we used a qualitative approach by carrying out documentary research. In the first phase were studied institutional documents, decrees among others, in addition to the Institutional Development Plan of IFAP, with a view to identifying how the institution materializes combating violence. Also part of the documentary data records three right care sectors to the student called educational core and pedagogical coordination of support to the student. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire with open and closed questions that reached the participation of forty-five teachers and nineteen educational technicians analyzed and categorized based on an analysis of documents. As theoretical work foundation held a brief historical review of the social construction of the concept of childhood and policies in this segment in Brazil in different historical periods to implement the statute of children and adolescents and definition of the Rights Guarantee System .The results revealed a significant quantity of thirty-two students who have suffered violence. According to the records of the former pedagogical coordination the institution has demonstrated the need for a specific policy that directs the IFAP for an expansion of preventive and interventional actions based on three main points: 1. Integrated responsibility and articulation by part of those responsible for teenagers an adolescents aducational process, 2. Continuing the proposal to be followed by professionals at IFAP; 3. Actions aimed at expansion of family participation in the education of adolescents. As a suggestion that there is synergy in these cases of identified violence it was proposed to start this work through an implementation of a flow comprising the participation and involveme of the whole school community in the social commitment in order to breaking cycles of violence involving adolescents students. / A pesquisa ora apresentada se prop?s a investigar as percep??es dos profissionais do Instituto Federal do Amap? (IFAP), Campus Macap? acerca da responsabilidade da institui??o de ensino no enfrentamento ? viol?ncia sofrida por alunos adolescentes do ensino m?dio integrado. Buscou-se identificar o conhecimento que docentes e t?cnicos educacionais possuem acerca da legisla??o que preconiza o direito desse segmento a ser criado e educado sem viol?ncia de qualquer natureza, realizar um mapeamento da exist?ncia de casos de alunos vitimizados dentro ou fora do ambiente escolar, bem como conhecer qual a vis?o dos profissionais em rela??o a esse fen?meno. Para isso, utilizou-se a abordagem qualitativa realizando-se pesquisa documental. Na primeira fase foram estudados documentos institucionais, decretos e portarias, al?m do Plano de Desenvolvimento Institucional do IFAP, com vistas a identificar como a institui??o materializa o enfrentamento da viol?ncia. Tamb?m fizeram parte dos dados documentais os registros de tr?s setores de atendimento direto ao aluno, quais sejam, coordena??o de turno, n?cleo pedag?gico e coordena??o de apoio ao estudante. Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi aplicado um question?rio com perguntas abertas e fechadas que alcan?ou a participa??o de quarenta e cinco docentes e dezenove t?cnicos educacionais, analisados e categorizados com base na an?lise documental. Como alicerce te?rico do trabalho realizou-se um breve resgate hist?rico da constru??o social do conceito de inf?ncia e das pol?ticas de atendimento a esse segmento no Brasil em diferentes per?odos hist?ricos at? a implementa??o do Estatuto da Crian?a e do Adolescente e defini??o do Sistema de Garantia de Direitos. Os resultados revelaram um quantitativo significativo de vinte e quatro alunos que sofreram viol?ncias, de acordo com os registros da antiga coordena??o pedag?gica, da coordena??o de turno e da coordena??o de apoio ao estudante, bem como a fragilidade nos registros de encaminhamentos adotados nestes casos pela equipe da institui??o, demonstrando a necessidade de uma pol?tica pr?pria que direcione o IFAP para uma amplia??o de a??es preventivas e interventivas, baseadas em tr?s pontos principais:1. Articula??o com a Rede de atendimento ? crian?a e ao adolescente de Macap??; 2. Forma??o continuada dos profissionais do IFAP; 3. A??es voltadas para amplia??o da participa??o da fam?lia na educa??o dos adolescentes. Como sugest?o para que haja sinergia nos encaminhamentos dos casos de viol?ncia identificados, ? proposto a partir desse trabalho, a implementa??o de um Fluxo de encaminhamento, que compreende a participa??o e envolvimento de toda comunidade escolar no compromisso social com o rompimento de ciclos de viol?ncia envolvendo os alunos adolescentes.
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Smurtą šeimoje patyrusių vaikų būvis / Life of children who have felt the violence in the family / La vie des enfants qui ont subbit la violence dans la familleNavikaitė, Rūta 16 August 2007 (has links)
Įtakos smurtui prieš vaikus turi tėvų gyvenimo istorija, asmenybės tipas, socialinė ir kultūrinė tėvų gyvenimo aplinka. Tiriant smurtą prieš vaikus išskiriamos trys jo formos: emocinis, seksualinis ir fizinis. Siekiant didesnio tikslumo ir aiškumo, įvardijamos ir kitokios smurto rūšys. Tai egzistencinis smurtas, religinis arba kulto smurtas, su lytėjimu susijęs smurtas. / The family is a place where are ensure emotional and physical security of children. International relations and laws guarantees the right to life in the family. But lately parents or others members of family commits acts of violence against children. Children felt violence every day. The violence was sudden and unexpectd. Parents, friends or classmates many of cases commit acts of violence against children. Children felt the violence psysical and psychological, insults, humiliations, discrimination and neglect. Consequences of violence are importants and dramatic. / La famille est le cadre le plus apte a proteger l'enfant et a assurer sa securite physique et emotionnelle. Ces dernieres annees on pu documenter la violence commise par des parents ou d'autres members de la famille sur des enfants. Les enfants rappellent qu'ils sont aussi blesses par la repetition frequente, quotidienne de petits actes de violence. La violence soit soudaine et inattendue, la plupart des auteurs des gestes violents contre les enfants sont des gens qu'ils connaissent et auxquels ils devraient pouvoir la confiance: parents, petit ami, camarades de classe. La violence contre les enfants inclue la violence physique ou psychologique comme les insults et humiliations, la discrimination, l'abandon ou la maltraitance.
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Abuso sexual infantil intrafamiliar e a escuta dos pediatras / Sexual child abuse within the family and the pediatricians‘ ways of listeningPavao, Maria Theresa [UNIFESP] 30 March 2011 (has links) (PDF)
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-30 / O presente trabalho pretende, por meio da abordagem qualitativa e do estudo de caso, analisar as narrativas de pediatras da atenção básica básica de saúde do município do Embu e de um ambulatório de especialidades do município de São Paulo, com o objetivo de apreender como esses profissionais lidam com a questão do abuso sexual infantil. Para a coleta de dados, foram utilizadas as técnicas de observação não participante, entrevistas gravadas com roteiro semiestruturado e registro em diário de campo. A partir das entrevistas gravadas, foram construídas narrativas, analisadas segundo a orientação de Pope (2009), o que resultou na construção dos eixos empíricos, a saber: a) os pediatras frente à situação de abuso sexual; b) ambiguidade ante a notificação; c) necessidade de encontrar marcas físicas e d) a questão do vínculo com o paciente e com a instituição. Os resultados mostraram que o abuso sexual infantil provoca nos profissionais reações emocionais que prejudicam a objetividade diagnóstica. Por outro lado, apontam que o vínculo com o paciente ajuda a conhecê-lo melhor, permitindo suspeitar de maus-tratos, apesar de a maioria insistir na necessidade de encontrar sinais físicos de abuso. Em que pese o treinamento em matéria do abuso sexual, pelo qual a maioria dos profissionais passa, persiste o entendimento de que a notificação de suspeita de abuso poderá gerar problemas, tanto pessoais quanto profissionais. Resta apontar, enquanto perdurar a ineficácia da lei, e considerando os cuidados demandados quando a criança entra no serviço de saúde, a importância para a sensibilização do papel protetivo exercido por esses profissionais, no momento em que não perdem a oportunidade de notificação dos casos suspeitos ou diagnosticados, considerando sua co-responsabilidade pela continuidade ou não da violência sofrida pela criança. / This research intends to analyze, through a qualitative approach and a case study, the narratives of Pediatricians from the basic health care service of Embu County and one specialized clinic in Sao Paulo County, with the purpose of learning how these professionals deal with the question of child sexual abuse. The data collection was made through non-participative observation techniques, semi-structured recorded interviews and registrations in a field notebook. The data were presented through the construction of narratives from the analysis of the recorded interviews following the orientation of Pope et al. (2009), which resulted in the construction of empiric axels, to be noted: a) the pediatricians facing the sexual abuse situation; b) ambiguity upon the notification; c) the necessity for finding physical signs and d) the question of ties with the patient and with the institution. The results show that sexual child abuse brings out emotional reactions in the professionals which harm the diagnostic objectiveness. On the other hand, they point out that bonding with patients helps better knowing them, thus allowing the detection of foul play, outthought most insist in finding evidence of physical signs of abuse. Despite all the training on sexual abuse which the majority of professionals go through, a common notion persists that when one notifies the suspicion of a case of abuse, it may cause not only personal, but also professional problems. We still point out that while the inefficiency of the law exists and considering the care demanded when a child enters the health care service, the importance of the sensitivity of the protective role exercised by these professionals at the moment they elect not to miss the opportunity of notification of suspicious or detected abuse cases, taking into consideration their co-responsibility for the continuation or not of the violence suffered by such child. / TEDE / BV UNIFESP: Teses e dissertações
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Significações e ressignificações de violência doméstica ao longo da vida: as narrativas de adultos vitimados na infância ou adolescênciaMoura, Manuela Menezes de Almeida 19 June 2015 (has links)
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Dissertação de Manuela M. de A. Moura.pdf: 1562285 bytes, checksum: 1080e6876d629d7102c45b16b42ce643 (MD5) / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo compreender as significações e ressignificações da violência doméstica, ao longo da vida, construídas por adultos vitimados na infância e/ou adolescência. Para introduzir e fundamentar o tema, foram discutidos os conceitos de família e de violência doméstica intrafamiliar e seus desdobramentos. O referencial teórico adotado foi a Psicologia Histórico-Cultural, na perspectiva proposta por Bruner, com destaque para os conceitos: significação, ressignificação, canônico, ruptura do ca-nônico e constituição do si-mesmo. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, com o uso da entrevista narrativa. Os participantes foram dois adultos, uma mulher e um homem, de 25 anos e 26 anos, respectivamente, que sofreram violência doméstica intrafamiliar na infância e na adolescência, escolhidos por conveniência. A coleta de dados ocorreu em um consultório de psicologia. As entrevistas foram gravadas em áudio, para posterior transcrição e análise. Os dados foram categorizados e analisados de forma coerente com a estratégia de análise qualitativa, orientada pelos pressupostos da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural e, mais especificamente, pelos conceitos propostos por Bruner. Os resultados mostraram que ambos os participantes trouxeram significações e ressignificações a res-peito de episódios de violência doméstica intrafamiliar, ocorridos ao longo da infância e da adolescência. Na narrativa de Bernardo, foi identificado um histórico de violência sexual, perpetrada pelo primo, e de violência física e psicológica, perpetrada pelos pais. Já a narrativa de Isabela mostrou que o tipo de violência sofrida foi o abandono emoci-onal, cometido pelo pai. Os dois participantes referiram-se a cânones sobre família, cui-dado e função parental, e o participante Bernardo relatou, também, cânones referentes a infância e adolescência. Houve experiências de rupturas de cânones nos dois casos, a partir das quais foram analisadas as estratégias construídas para lidar com estas rupturas. Por fim, pode-se analisar a constituição do “si-mesmo” dos participantes, construídos a partir das suas narrativas. Concluiu-se que as significações acerca da violência sofrida passam por ressignificações ao longo do tempo, sempre atreladas a condições de vida dos participantes. Destaca-se a possibilidade de superação dos danos relacionados à violência, desfazendo-se a visão fatalista e estática de danos imutáveis. The present research aimed to comprehend the interpretations and reinterpretations of the domestic violence throughout life, built by adults victimized in childhood and/or adolescence. To introduce and ground the theme, the concepts of family and intra-family domestic violence and its developments were discussed. The theoretical approach adopted was the Historical-Cultural Psychology in the perspective proposed by Bruner, highlighting the concepts: interpretation, reinterpretation, canonical, rupture of the canonical and constitution of the self. It is a qualitative research, using the narrative interview. The participants were two adults, a woman and a man of 25 years and 26 years respectively, who have suffered intra-family domestic violence in childhood and adolescence, chosen for convenience. The data collection occurred in a psychology clinic. The interviews were recorded in audio for posterior transcription and analysis. The data were categorized and analyzed coherently with the qualitative analysis strategy, oriented by the assumptions of Historical-Cultural Psychology, and more specifically, the concepts proposed by Bruner. The outcomes showed that both participants brought interpretations and reinterpretations about episodes of intra-family domestic violence that occurred throughout childhood and adolescence. In Bernardo's narrative, a historic of sexual violence was identified, perpetrated by his cousin, and physical and psychological violence, perpetrated by his parents. While Isabela's narrative showed that the type of violence suffered was emotional abandonment, committed by the father. The two participants have referred to canons on family, care and parental function, and the participant Bernardo also reported canons referring to childhood and adolescence. There were experiences of ruptures of canons in both cases, from which the strategies built to deal with these ruptures were analyzed. Finally, one can analyze the constitution of the "self" of the participants, constructed from their narratives. It was concluded that the meanings about the suffered violence passed by reinterpretations over time, always linked to conditions of the participants' life. It stands out the possibility of overcoming the damage related to violence, undoing the fatalistic and static view of immutable damage.
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