Nas últimas décadas, tem-se observado nos meios de comunicação e, sobretudo, na literatura de gestão empresarial, o predomínio de um discurso que afirma a superação do rígido taylorismo-fordismo por um modelo de organização do trabalho mais ‘flexível’, que também seria mais humanizado. Nota-se que os temas centrais desse discurso – competência, participação, trabalho em equipe e autonomia – dizem respeito a aspectos que, historicamente, fizeram parte das reivindicações dos trabalhadores. Na pesquisa apresentada aqui, esses temas foram utilizados como eixo para a análise comparativa entre tal discurso e a vivência dos trabalhadores em duas montadoras de automóveis que adotam o modelo japonês de produção (ou toyotismo), que tem sido a principal referência para a idéia de flexibilização. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas (individuais e coletivas) e mantidas conversas informais com trabalhadores e sindicalistas, bem como participação em atividades promovidas pelo sindicato e pesquisa documental. A análise dos dados obtidos no trabalho de campo permitiu concluir que os temas introduzidos no discurso empresarial em nada têm que ver com humanização e, sim, com a exploração máxima da força de trabalho. As noções de competência, participação, equipe e autonomia servem para justificar a introdução de mecanismos tais como os critérios ideológicos, pessoais e sociais nos processos de seleção e avaliação; individualização das relações de trabalho; utilização da capacidade cognitiva dos trabalhadores em prol da produção e sua maior responsabilização pela qualidade dos produtos. O recurso a tais temas também busca desmobilizar a organização coletiva dos trabalhadores a fim de evitar que façam oposição. O discurso empresarial assume, assim, o papel de legitimar o poder das empresas, que é mantido, sobretudo, pela ameaça de desemprego e “administrado" (Bihr, 1998) por meio de mecanismos disciplinares típicos do taylorismo e dispositivos de controle mais sofisticados que visam à “modulação" (Deleuze, 1992) dos trabalhadores de modo a conseguir que utilizem sua inteligência e sua criatividade para os interesses da produção. Concluiu-se que as características do modelo de organização adotado nas empresas focalizadas na pesquisa têm como principais decorrências a ampliação do sofrimento mental e do adoecimento dos trabalhadores. Por outro lado, também se observou que o sindicato adota novas estratégias para combater o discurso e a prática das empresas e que muitos trabalhadores utilizam táticas cotidianas que configuram uma “rede de antidisciplina" (Certeau, 1996) que se contrapõe aos aspectos da organização do trabalho que lhes são desfavoráveis. / In recent decades, the prevalence of a discourse which asserts that Taylorism-Fordism was surpassed by a more flexible and humanized work organization model has been observed in the media and in the managerial literature. It has been noted that the main topics of that discourse – competence, work participation, teamwork and autonomy – deal with aspects which historically have been part of workers’ claims. In the research presented here these themes were used as an axis for analyses of workers’ experience in two automobile companies that have adopted the Japanese Model (or Toyotism) which of late has been the main reference for the idea of flexibility. In order to reach this objective, open interviews (individual and collective) were done, and informal talks were carried out with workers and trade unionists. Data analyses obtained allow us to conclude that the topics introduced in the managerial discourse do not deal at all with work humanization but with wider exploitation of the workforce. Notions of competence, participation, teamwork and autonomy are simply justifications to introduce ideological, personal and social criteria in selection and evaluation processes; to promote work individualization relationships; to use the workers’ cognitive capacities on behalf of production and to make workers responsible for quality products. The introduction of such topics also serves to demobilize workers’ organization in order to avoid any opposition to the companies. Managerial discourse, therefore, plays the role of legitimizing the power of companies, which is maintained by the threat of unemployment and “managed" (Bihr, 1998) by disciplinary mechanisms typical of taylorism and more sophisticated control mechanisms that aim to “modulate" (Deleuze, 1992) workers in order to use their intelligence and creativity for production purposes. The data indicate that the organization model adopted for the companies focused on in this research results primarily in the increase of mental suffering and illness among workers. On the other hand, it was also observed that trade union have adopted new strategies to combat company discourse and practices and many workers use everyday tactics which form a “network of antidiscipline" (Certeau, 1996) against aspects of work organization that are harmful to them.

Aquele chefe que já fez você chorar no banheiro pode ser mais prejudicial à sua saúde do que parece. Assim a mídia escrita principia, no Brasil, a abordagem do tema assédio moral. No amplo cardápio de situações de violência relacionadas ao trabalho, a violência psicológica ganhou visibilidade e interesse de pesquisadores e estudiosos, dos sindicatos, dos trabalhadores e das empresas. Realizamos um estudo exploratório baseado na coleta de fontes primárias referentes ao assédio moral no trabalho, no qual foram estudadas as matérias jornalísticas sobre o tema, veiculadas em três jornais de grande circulação do Estado de São Paulo, no período de 1990 a 2008. A partir da metodologia de análise do discurso foram reconhecidas as práticas discursivas que configuram o fenômeno do assédio moral na sociedade atual, as explicações para sua ocorrência e a repercussão para a saúde dos trabalhadores. O surgimento do tema nos veículos de comunicação deu-se por meio da divulgação de livros, de produções acadêmicas e de legislações sobre o assédio moral. Ocorreu em editorias que tratam de assuntos gerais e, posteriormente, migrou para as editorias de emprego e/ou de caráter econômico-financeiro. O tratamento do tema ganha contornos de alerta relacionado às indenizações judiciais. A terminologia assédio moral tem se firmado relacionada ao trabalho e carece de conceito preciso. As explicações causais tendem a uma interpretação psicológica do fenômeno, acentuando o caráter individualista e privilegiando a relação pessoal, minimizando uma abordagem coletiva. Os discursos banalizam o assédio ao criar caricaturas para os envolvidos. O caráter psicologizante versus a estigmatização produz sentido na sociedade contribuindo para naturalizar o assédio moral no trabalho, compreendido como uma forma de violência no trabalho. / That boss who already made you cry in the bathroom can be more harmful to your health than you think so. This is how the discussion started about psychological harassment at work in Brazil released by daily papers. Among the large number of work related stressors, psychological violence at workplace gained visibility of researchers, labor unions and companies in the past 10 years. The issue started to be discussed in Brazil after publications (aimed to academic and general public) were published, and legislation was established at the municipal and state levels. An exploratory study was carried out about moral harassment at work, based on articles published from 1990 to 2008, by three important daily newspapers of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: An extensive review of the subject including its origins and consequences to workers health was prepared. Discourse analyses were used to recognize the phenomenon, its importance and consequences of the moral harassment at work according the published articles. Results: the articles were first published in editorials, and then they appeared in the employment, economics and finances sections of the papers. The content of the manuscripts also aimed to aware companies about law suits. In spite the terminology of moral harassment has been discussed as work-related, it still lacks a precise concept. The discourses published by the papers trivialized psychological harassment at work, as they created caricatures and stigmatization of the individuals involved. The causal explanations tend to a psychological interpretation of this phenomenon, emphasizing individual and behavioral characteristics, favoring personal relations, and minimizing the collective approach of psychological harassment at the workplace.

Cette thèse se propose d’aborder les représentations et pratiques des arrêts maladie, essentiellement à partir des discours des travailleurs et d’observations in situ, dans l’aide à domicile et les musiques actuelles. L’hypothèse développée est celle d’une pratique polysémique, intelligente, et morale. Polysémique, car les travailleurs donnent des sens multiples aux arrêts maladie, en font un usage varié : les arrêts protègent leur santé dans des environnements astreignants ; ils servent aussi de message pour alerter collègues ou hiérarchie, en vue d’améliorer le bien-être collectif, de s’élever contre des logiques arbitraires ; ils peuvent enfin être interprétés comme une sanction, au sens de conséquence logique d’une situation (notamment les conditions de travail), et au sens de punition, à l’égard de l’employeur ou du travailleur lui-même. Intelligente, car les travailleurs mènent une réflexion avant de recourir aux arrêts, évaluant leur impact, analysant le contexte, les usages. Ils s’adaptent aux normes en vigueur aux niveaux local et macro-social, essaient à l’occasion de modifier la donne. Ils évoluent dans leurs représentations et leurs actes, apprennent de leur expérience, modifient leurs positions tout au long de leurs carrières (de travailleur, de malade, carrière familiale, …), selon les rôles sociaux qui leur incombent. Morale enfin, car les travailleurs tiennent compte des conséquences de leurs arrêts, dans une attitude de « loyauté » envers leurs collègues, leurs clients, leur travail ou leur entreprise. Ils jugent de la légitimité des arrêts et y recourent, ou non, dans le respect ou la lutte pour un ordre plus juste et conforme aux valeurs du métier. / The purpose of this current doctoral thesis was to investigate sick leave practices and representations, mainly through workers’ discourses and field observation, in the home care and contemporary popular music sectors. The hypothesis is that sick leave is a polysemous, intelligent and moral practice. Polysemous, in the sense that workers give sick leaves various meanings and use them in many different ways: sick leaves protect their health from demanding work environments. They serve as warnings for colleagues and hierarchy, in an attempt to improve collective welfare, to speak out against employer’s hegemony. They can be interpreted as a logical outcome of a given context (mainly poor working conditions and organization), as well as a punishment for the employer or the worker himself. Intelligent, because workers think carefully before they have recourse to sick leave, they assess their ins and outs, analyze the situation, the common practices. They adapt to social norms, at both local and macro-social levels, try when possible to be game changers. Their views and behaviors about sick leaves change over time, they learn from their experience, rethink their positions along their careers (within illness, work, family…), according to the social roles they are expected to endorse. Eventually, sick leaves are a moral practice as workers take into account the consequences of their leave : they behave with « loyalty » towards their colleagues, their clients, their work or their company. They evaluate the legitimacy of sick leaves and use them or not according to this judgment, in the respect or the fight for equity, and the defense of their professional identity and values.

Aquele chefe que já fez você chorar no banheiro pode ser mais prejudicial à sua saúde do que parece. Assim a mídia escrita principia, no Brasil, a abordagem do tema assédio moral. No amplo cardápio de situações de violência relacionadas ao trabalho, a violência psicológica ganhou visibilidade e interesse de pesquisadores e estudiosos, dos sindicatos, dos trabalhadores e das empresas. Realizamos um estudo exploratório baseado na coleta de fontes primárias referentes ao assédio moral no trabalho, no qual foram estudadas as matérias jornalísticas sobre o tema, veiculadas em três jornais de grande circulação do Estado de São Paulo, no período de 1990 a 2008. A partir da metodologia de análise do discurso foram reconhecidas as práticas discursivas que configuram o fenômeno do assédio moral na sociedade atual, as explicações para sua ocorrência e a repercussão para a saúde dos trabalhadores. O surgimento do tema nos veículos de comunicação deu-se por meio da divulgação de livros, de produções acadêmicas e de legislações sobre o assédio moral. Ocorreu em editorias que tratam de assuntos gerais e, posteriormente, migrou para as editorias de emprego e/ou de caráter econômico-financeiro. O tratamento do tema ganha contornos de alerta relacionado às indenizações judiciais. A terminologia assédio moral tem se firmado relacionada ao trabalho e carece de conceito preciso. As explicações causais tendem a uma interpretação psicológica do fenômeno, acentuando o caráter individualista e privilegiando a relação pessoal, minimizando uma abordagem coletiva. Os discursos banalizam o assédio ao criar caricaturas para os envolvidos. O caráter psicologizante versus a estigmatização produz sentido na sociedade contribuindo para naturalizar o assédio moral no trabalho, compreendido como uma forma de violência no trabalho. / That boss who already made you cry in the bathroom can be more harmful to your health than you think so. This is how the discussion started about psychological harassment at work in Brazil released by daily papers. Among the large number of work related stressors, psychological violence at workplace gained visibility of researchers, labor unions and companies in the past 10 years. The issue started to be discussed in Brazil after publications (aimed to academic and general public) were published, and legislation was established at the municipal and state levels. An exploratory study was carried out about moral harassment at work, based on articles published from 1990 to 2008, by three important daily newspapers of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Method: An extensive review of the subject including its origins and consequences to workers health was prepared. Discourse analyses were used to recognize the phenomenon, its importance and consequences of the moral harassment at work according the published articles. Results: the articles were first published in editorials, and then they appeared in the employment, economics and finances sections of the papers. The content of the manuscripts also aimed to aware companies about law suits. In spite the terminology of moral harassment has been discussed as work-related, it still lacks a precise concept. The discourses published by the papers trivialized psychological harassment at work, as they created caricatures and stigmatization of the individuals involved. The causal explanations tend to a psychological interpretation of this phenomenon, emphasizing individual and behavioral characteristics, favoring personal relations, and minimizing the collective approach of psychological harassment at the workplace.

Die steigende Dynamik sowie der steigende Konkurrenzdruck, dem deutsche und europäische Produktionsunternehmen aufgrund von Individualisierungs- und Globalisierungstendenzen ausgesetzt sind, erfordert neue Konzepte zur Gestaltung effizienter Prozesse und damit konkurrenzfähiger Produkte. Trotz oder gerade wegen eines vielfach hohen Automatisierungsniveaus und der damit verbundenen Komplexität sind viele Arbeitssysteme durch einen hohen Anteil an Personalkosten für technikerhaltende Arbeitsaufgaben geprägt. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt einen Ansatz vor, wie bestehende automatisierte Arbeitssysteme analysiert, bewertet und bzgl. des Personaleinsatzes optimiert werden können.

L’objectif principal de ce mémoire est de déterminer l’effet modérateur des évènements stressants subis lors de l’enfance sur la relation entre les conditions de l’organisation du travail et le niveau de détresse psychologique vécue par les policiers et les employés de bureau de la ville de Montréal (SPVM). Les objectifs secondaires sont de déterminer le rôle direct des conditions de l’organisation du travail et des évènements stressants subis lors de l’enfance sur le niveau de détresse psychologique de cette population. Des données secondaires découlant d’une enquête réalisée auprès de 410 employés du SPVM nous ont permis de réaliser cette étude et de faire les analyses statistiques nécessaires. Cette recherche nous a permis de déceler quelques facteurs pouvant influencer le niveau de détresse psychologique des employés du SPVM. Entre autres, les résultats nous indiquent un niveau de détresse psychologique assez faible pour notre échantillon. De plus, ceux-ci nous démontrent que parmi les conditions de l’organisation du travail, deux variables indépendantes sont associées à une variation du niveau de détresse psychologique, c’est-à-dire les demandes psychologiques et le soutien social des superviseurs. En effet, les demandes psychologiques font augmenter le niveau de détresse psychologique, tandis que le soutien des superviseurs le fait diminuer. De plus, nos résultats soutiennent que le fait d’être un homme, de vivre en couple, de ne pas subir de tensions avec son enfant et son conjoint, de pratiquer des activités physiques, de ne pas consommer de tabac et de posséder un centre de contrôle interne sont associés à un faible niveau de détresse psychologique. Parallèlement, cette étude nous a permis d’avoir une compréhension plus exhaustive du rôle spécifique des évènements de vie stressants vécus lors de l’enfance en ce qui concerne la détresse psychologique vécue en milieu de travail. Ainsi, nos analyses multivariées nous ont permis d’identifier le fait qu’il n’y avait pas présence d’un effet modérateur des évènements stressants subis lors de l’enfance sur la relation entre les conditions de l’organisation du travail et le niveau de détresse psychologique. Pour ce qui est de la relation des évènements stressants subis lors de l’enfance sur le niveau de détresse psychologique, aucun lien n’a été décelé lors des analyses. / The main objective of this master thesis was to verify the moderating effects of stressful life events from childhood on the relation between the work organization’s conditions and the level of psychological distress lived by workers from the Service de Police de la Ville de Montréal (SPVM). As a secondary objective, this thesis determined the direct effect of work organization conditions on the level of psychological distress. To complete this study, data from an investigation of 410 SPVM workers was used. This thesis demonstrated a low level of distress in this population. Also, the completed multilevel analysis confirmed that psychological demands and social support from the superiors were associated at the level of psychological distress. In fact, psychological demands contribute to increase it and the social support from the superior decrease the level of psychological distress. In addition, our results indicate that distress is to be less pronounced among men, couples, life habits (physical activities and no tobacco use),no tensions with children, no tensions with the spouse and the personality trait sense of control. Finally, this thesis hasn’t found any moderating effects of the children’s stressful life events on the relation between the work organization’s conditions and the level of psychological distress. Moreover, the multilevel analyses haven’t demonstrated the direct effect of children’s stressful life events psychological on the level of psychological distress.

L’objectif principal de ce mémoire est de vérifier l’effet modérateur du soutien social hors-travail sur la relation entre les conditions de l’organisation du travail et l’épuisement professionnel. Dans un deuxième temps, nous cherchons aussi à déterminer l’effet direct que peut entretenir chacune des variables sur le niveau d’épuisement professionnel. Pour nous aider à réaliser notre recherche nous avons utilisé des données secondaires provenant de l’Équipe de Recherche sur le Travail et la Santé Mentale, qui sont basées sur un échantillon de 410 travailleurs (civil et policier) du Service de Police de la Ville de Montréal (SPVM) atteint de décembre 2008 à février 2009. Les analyses multivariées réalisées ont révélé que plusieurs facteurs du travail ont une influence sur le niveau d’épuisement professionnel des employés du SPVM. En effet, l’utilisation des compétences, l’autorité décisionnelle et le soutien social au travail sont trois facteurs du travail qui agissent comme protecteur contre l’épuisement professionnel. À l’inverse, les demandes psychologiques, les demandes contractuelles (c’est-à-dire les horaires de travail irréguliers ou imprévisibles), la supervision abusive ainsi que le conflit travail-famille sont quatre autres facteurs du travail qui font augmenter significativement le niveau d’épuisement professionnel. De plus, nos résultats soutiennent que le fait de vivre en couple, de ne pas avoir d’enfant, de vivre un conflit famille-travail et d’avoir un score élevé au trait de personnalité amabilité sont tout autant de caractéristiques associées à un haut niveau d’épuisement professionnel.Parallèlement, les analyses multivariées n’ont pas permis de confirmer le lien modérateur du soutien social hors-travail sur la relation entre les conditions de l’organisation du travail et l’épuisement professionnel. / The main objective of this master thesis is to verify the moderating effect of social support outside of work on the relation between the work organization conditions and burnout. In a second time, we also try to determine the direct effect that each variable has on burnout. To help us achieve our research we used secondary data from l’Équipe de Recherche sur le Travail et la Santé Mentale, which are based on a sample of 410 employees (civilian and police) of the Service de Police de la Ville de Montréal (SPVM) consulted from December 2008 to February 2009. The completed multivariate analyses revealed that many work organization conditions impact the level of burnout of the SPVM employees. Indeed, skills utilization, decision authority and social support at work are three work organization conditions that help to prevent burnout. In contrast, psychological demands, contractual demands (i.e. irregular or unpredictable work schedule), abusive supervision and work to family conflict are four factors increasing the level of burnout. Moreover, our results show that living with a life partner, not having a child,living a family to work conflict and having a high score for the trait of personality related to agreeableness are related to a high level of burnout. In parallel, multivariate analyses did not confirm the moderating effect of social support outside of work on the relation between work organisation conditions and burnout.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

ALMEIDA, Ronaldo de Sousa. Educação, trabalho e capital: um estudo sobre a precariedade do trabalho na indústria da construção civil em Fortaleza. 2009. 99f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Educação) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza-CE, 2009. / Submitted by Maria Josineide Góis (josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-12T18:30:33Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Dis_RSALMEIDA.pdf: 1217175 bytes, checksum: b18613114ca8c198d78cfbef30c5243a (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Josineide Góis(josineide@ufc.br) on 2012-07-13T11:00:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Dis_RSALMEIDA.pdf: 1217175 bytes, checksum: b18613114ca8c198d78cfbef30c5243a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-13T11:00:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009_Dis_RSALMEIDA.pdf: 1217175 bytes, checksum: b18613114ca8c198d78cfbef30c5243a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / This dissertation examines the precariousness of work in the sector of construction industry in Fortaleza in the period 2006 to 2008. We seek to understand, we will examine the recent restructuring of production (from the final decades of the twentieth century), the implications of those changes in concrete terms in working-class life in Brazil and specifically in the city of Fortaleza, with reference to the sector productive construction. Within this context, the study aims to examine to what extent such changes affect the relationship between work and education into the fabric of social relations of the working class of that sector. In this sense, the work dives in search of understanding of the following experienced by (the) employees (the) political consciousness, working conditions, experience of education and expectations for the future. The study acknowledges (among other aspects of this complex world) to build a working class culture, elaborated by the workers and involving them in such a way that makes it, often alternative ways of seeing and / or less tortuous for you at the same time in following their paths now outlining elements of resistance now conformist. It follows, too, which is the fundamental organization of (the) employees (as) in trade unions and the struggle to claim their rights and as an element of pressure to educate the state to institute them. / Essa dissertação analisa a precariedade do trabalho no setor da indústria da construção civil em Fortaleza no período de 2006 a 2008. Busca-se compreender, partindo da análise da recente reestruturação produtiva (a partir das décadas finais do século XX), quais as implicações dessas transformações em termos concretos na vida da classe trabalhadora no Brasil e especificamente na cidade de Fortaleza, tomando como referência o setor produtivo da construção civil. Dentro desse contexto, o estudo se propõe a analisar também em que medida tais modificações afetam a relação trabalho e educação no tecido das relações sociais da classe trabalhadora do citado setor. Nesse sentido, o trabalho mergulha em busca da compreensão dos seguintes aspectos vivenciados pelos(as) trabalhadores(as): consciência política; condições de trabalho; experiência de escolarização e expectativas em relação ao futuro. O estudo reconhece (dentre outros aspectos desse mundo complexo) a construção de uma cultura operária, elaborada pelos próprios trabalhadores e que os envolve de tal maneira que os impossibilita, muitas vezes, de ver caminhos alternativos e/ou menos tortuosos para si ao mesmo tempo em que seguem suas trajetórias esboçando elementos ora de resistência ora de conformismo. Conclui-se, também, que é fundamental a organização desses(as) trabalhadores(as) em sindicatos e organizações de luta para reivindicação dos seus direitos e como elemento de pressão para educar o Estado para instituí-los.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-09-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:32:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 souza_sp_me_mar.pdf: 1100725 bytes, checksum: 9a0c592824efc22741c8b6f1dff36732 (MD5) / A presente pesquisa teórica e prática, tendo como sujeitos crianças de uma quarta série do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de ensino do interior paulista, objetivou estudar a influência do entorno, aí inclusa a organização das ações pedagógicas, no desenvolvimento humano, com ênfase na análise das capacidades discursivas na infância. Apresenta uma discussão sobre a necessidade de se repensarem os elementos que compõem as atividades pedagógicas, identificando os processos centrais da sua organização. A hipótese é a de que as relações ocorridas em situações pedagógicas, organizadas intencionalmente, podem ser propulsoras de aprendizagens humanizadoras. São consideradas, nesse sentido, a atividade da criança e sua capacidade de aprendizado; a escola como espaço de vivências, de escolhas, de mediações; e a ação do professor mediador como criador de elos mediadores para a apropriação da linguagem escrita. Com o intuito de que as discussões recorressem a suportes teóricos que coadunassem entre si, a Teoria histórico-cultural foi eleita como o sustentáculo para as demais proposições que tratam da sala de aula como espaço mediador de ensino e de aprendizagem colaborativos (via metodologia de projetos) e a garantia para a coparticipação do sujeito aprendiz em sua própria formação como leitor e produtor de texto. A aplicação das técnicas da pesquisa-ação, por sua vez, respaldou-se no enfoque materialista-histórico-dialético, fundamento filosófico da Teoria histórico-cultural. Assim, a análise dos dados coletados coerentemente com a teoria eleita e norteada por seus conceitos gerou considerações acerca do ensino e da aprendizagem mediada pela linguagem escrita em contextos significativos e as contribuições destes instrumentos mediadores ao desenvolvimento humano. Ao concluir este trabalho foi possível afirmar que ter o homem... / This theoretical and practice research, that have as participants children of a fourth grade education in municipal basic education from a small city in the state of São Paulo, aimed to study the influence of the environment, in which there is included the organization of pedagogical practices in human development with emphasis on discursive analysis capacity in childhood. It presents a discussion about the need to rethink the elements of the educational activities, identifying the central part processes of their organization. The hypothesis is that the relation occurred in organized intentionally pedagogical situations may be drivers of humanizing learning. About this respect, the child‟s activity and its learning ability; the school as a mediation, choice and experience place; and the mediator teacher‟s action as a creator of mediator links to the written language appropriation are considered. In order that, the discussions appeal to theoretical supporters which adequate among them, the cultural-historical Theory was chosen as the cornerstone for all other proposals that deal with the classroom as mediator teaching and collaborative learning space (via project methodology ) and the guarantee for the schoolchild‟s co-participation in his own formation as a reader and producer‟s text. The techniques application of action research, in turn, was supported on the historical materialist dialectical focus, the historical cultural theory philosophical foundation. Thus, the analysis of collected data in a consistent way with the chosen theory and guided by its concepts generated some discussion concerning to the teaching and learning mediated by the written language in meaningful contexts and the contributions of these mediator instruments to the human development. In conclusion of this study, we can say that having the man as a parameter so that the educational task provides ...(Complete abstract click electronic address below)