Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2016-08-18T11:54:36Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) [2015] Final - Danilo Monteiro - CIn.pdf: 2684965 bytes, checksum: 37b1f989944a34f3eb3f6bb97a950581 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T11:54:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) [2015] Final - Danilo Monteiro - CIn.pdf: 2684965 bytes, checksum: 37b1f989944a34f3eb3f6bb97a950581 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-23 / CNPq / Contexto – O interesse sobre equipes na Engenharia de Software vem aumentando e para facilitar a pesquisa sobre equipes os pesquisadores usam um enfoque entrada-processo-saída. No entanto, este enfoque faz com que a pesquisa sobre equipe seja fragmentada. Portanto, é importante também que exista uma compilação desses resultados para que se tenha um maior entendimento da área, identificando novos gaps e possíveis soluções. Objetivo – Este Mapeamento Sistemático tem objetivo prover um melhor entendimento do estado da pesquisa sobre equipes de desenvolvimento de software. Método – Foi utilizada a Engenharia de Software Baseada em Evidência, realizando um Mapeamento Sistemático sobre equipes na Engenharia de Software. Foi realizada uma busca manual em revisões sistemáticas anteriores. Além disso, foi realizada uma síntese integrativa mais detalhada dos estudos que relacionam diversas variáveis com o desempenho do trabalho em equipe. Resultado – Foram encontrados 117 pesquisadores que publicaram pesquisas sobre equipes afiliados a 71 instituições de pesquisa em 59 estudos. Nestas pesquisas, foram estudados 189 diferentes relacionamentos entre variáveis, sendo que 64 destes relacionamentos envolvem o fator desempenho. As principais variáveis que afetam a desempenho da equipe são: personalidade, coesão, comunicação, autonomia, e habilidade dos membros. Conclusões – Foram observados um conjunto de informações demográficas e metodológicas que ajudam a entender melhor a pesquisa sobre equipes na Engenharia de Software. Alguns fatores estão mais consolidados, como a personalidade que tem 12 relacionamentos afetando desempenho. Outros precisam ser melhor estudados, como a coesão cuja pesquisa ainda apresenta resultados controversos sobre seu efeito no desempenho das equipes. / Context – The Interest about teams in Software Engineering is increasing and to facilitate the research about it the researchers use an approach input-process-output. However, this approach makes the research about team fragmented, so it is important to have a compilation of these results to have a better understanding of the area, identifying new gaps and solutions. Objective – This systematic review has aimed to provide a better understanding of state of research on software development team. Method – It was used the Software Engineering Evidence Based, to perform a mapping study systematic review about teams in software engineering. It was performed a manual research at previous systematic reviews. In addition, it was performed a more thorough synthesis about team performance. Results – Were found 71 institutions, 117 authors, were only 20 of them conducted more than one study. The SINTEF was the institution that conducted more research, in addition was found 189 relationship, 64 affect response variable “performance”. The main factors that affect the team's performance are: personality, cohesion, communication, autonomy, and member’s skills. Conclusions – The aim of better understanding the state of research about teams in Software Engineering has been achieved in this research. We observed a set of demographic and methodological information will help a better understand the research teams in software engineering. Some factors apparently are more consolidated as the personality they have 12 relationships affect performance. Others must be better evaluated, such as cohesion whose research still presents conflicting results about its effect on the team’s performance.

When people work closely together in organizations it is nonetheless inevitable that certain conflicts arise. Conflicts are many times associated with something negative and thus often avoided. To strive to become an organization free of conflicts is nonetheless unrealistic nor preferable. This paper will examine such overarching question from the perspective of the business manager. This study aims to explore how conflicts affect organization and what differences exists between positive and destructive conflict within work-groups. The study conducted is of a cross-sectional nature with the aim to reflect upon the concept of a ‘conflict’ through a variety of perspectives. The empirical study was conducted through interviews, where the respondents had a chance to assess the various conflicts that exists within their respective organization. The paper concludes by arguing that conflicts are necessary within organizations. To avoid and prevent conflicts is not desirable as conflicts are important for an organization’s progress. Dealing with conflicts through constructive discussions can result in a better dialogue between the management and employees and thus lead to more transparent management decision-making. Another important aspect of dealing with conflicts is that it can prevent terminations, sick leave and redeployment. / Inom organisationer samverkar människor för att uppnå mål. När människor arbetar tillsammans kan konflikter uppstå, vilket är vanligt förekommande inom organisationer. Konflikt är många gånger ett negativt laddat begrepp, men att sträva efter en helt konfliktfri organisation är inte möjligt och inte heller önskvärt. Konflikter kan utveckla organisationen eftersom nya synsätt och tankar får möjlighet att diskuteras, vilket inte bör ses som något negativt. Att hantera destruktiva konflikter blir av stor betydelse för organisationer samtidigt som de positiva konflikterna uppmuntras. Med detta som bakgrund utgår studien från frågeställningen: Vad kännetecknar en positiv konflikt till skillnad från en destruktiv konflikt i en arbetsgrupp ur ett chefsperspektiv? Syftet med studien var att ta reda på hur konflikter påverkar organisationer, och vilka skillnader det finns mellan positiva och destruktiva konflikter i arbetsgrupper. Men även vem som ansvarar för att ta itu med de destruktiva konflikterna som kan uppstå i organisationen och hur de kan förhindras. För att uppfylla studien syfte har en jämförelse gjorts mellan de teorier som uppsatsen behandlar och den empiriska undersökningen. Undersökningsdesignen för studien var en tvärsnittsdesign för att få möjligheten att se fenomenet, konflikter, med variation. Den empiriska undersökningen har genomförts genom fysiska- och mejlintervjuer där respondenterna fick möjligheten att individuellt diskutera konflikter som förekommer i organisationen, vilket bidragit till variation av svaren. De teorier som återfinns i studien behandlar tidigare forskning kring konflikter, konflikthantering och vilka krav arbetsgruppen kan ställa på chefer. I uppsatsen presenteras modeller vilka berör konfliktnivån i relation till medarbetarnas prestationsnivå, även förståelse kring konflikters uppkomst och hur hantering av dessa kan förebygga destruktiva konflikter. I uppsatsen tas även en modell upp som förklarar vad som sker när destruktiva konflikterna inte hanteras. Slutsatser som framkommit i uppsatsen är att konflikter är nödvändiga i organisationer. Att inte förebygga och försöka undvika alla typer av konflikter är av stor betydelse, eftersom vissa konflikter i form av diskussion och dialog kan resultera i bättre beslutsfattande för organisationen. Vissa konflikter kan även ses som ett engagemang då medarbetare påtalar brister i organisationen, vilket bidrar till att problemområden uppmärksammas och organisationen i sin tur utvecklas. Det är däremot av stor betydelse att chefer uppmärksammar och tar itu med destruktiva konflikter, eftersom de kan leda till uppsägningar, utbrändhet och omplaceringar.

Sedan 1990-talet har utrikesfödda medarbetare blivit en stor del av den svenska arbetsmarknaden, men det är också många av dem som är sjukskrivna. För att förhindra sjukfrånvaro måste ledarna ha förebyggande insatser som fokus. En viktig del av arbetet med förebyggande insatser är kommunikation. När individer kommunicerar med varandra utbyts tankar, känslor och värderingar. Enligt tidigare forskningar utgör hälsovårdsarbete hög risk för arbetsskador och sjukskrivningar. Utifrån det undersöker studien hur ledarna inom vårdsektorn upplever kommunikation med mångkulturella arbetsgrupper, samt hur kommunikationen påverkar ledares upplevda förmåga att skapa förutsättningar för en god arbetshälsa. I studien genomfördes tio semistrukturerade intervjuer med enhetschefer inom vårdsektorn. Insamlad data analyserades med hjälp av hermeneutiska ansatsen och förvalda teorier. Resultatet visar att ledarna inom vårdsektorn upplever kommunikation med mångkulturella arbetsgrupper som komplex på grund av språk och kulturskillnader. Vidare visar studien även att deras förmåga till att skapa förutsättningar till en god arbetshälsan försvåras på grund av dessa faktorer. / Since the 1990s foreign-born employees have become a big part of the Swedish labor market, but they are also many of those on sick leave. To prevent sick leave, the leaders need to have preventive efforts as the focus. An important part of the work with preventive efforts is communication. When individuals communicate with each other, thoughts, feelings, and values are exchanged. According to previous research, health care work poses a high risk of occupational injuries and sick leave. Based on this, the study examines how leaders in the healthcare sector experience communication with multicultural work groups, and how communication affects leaders' perceived ability to create conditions for good occupational health. The study consisted of ten semi-structured interviews with unit managers in the healthcare sector. Collected data were analyzed using the hermeneutic approach and preselected theories. The results show that the leaders in the healthcare sector experience communication with multicultural working groups as complex due to language and cultural differences. Furthermore, the study also shows that their ability to create conditions for good occupational health is made more difficult due to these factors.

Yes / Despite a wealth of activity across the globe in the area of longitudinal population cohorts, surprisingly little information is available on the natural biomedical history of a number of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (ND), and the scope for intervention studies based on these cohorts is only just beginning to be explored. The Joint Programming Initiative on Neurodegenerative Disease Research (JPND) recently developed a novel funding mechanism to rapidly mobilise scientists to address these issues from a broad, international community perspective. Ten expert Working Groups, bringing together a diverse range of community members and covering a wide ND landscape (Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, frontotemporal degeneration, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Lewy-body and vascular dementia) were formed to discuss and propose potential approaches to better exploiting and coordinating cohort studies. The purpose of this work is to highlight the novel funding process along with a broad overview of the guidelines and recommendations generated by the ten groups, which include investigations into multiple methodologies such as cognition/functional assessment, biomarkers and biobanking, imaging, health and social outcomes, and pre-symptomatic ND. All of these were published in reports that are now publicly available online.

The Motor Group of the European Council was commissioned in the autumn of 1997 to prepare a proposal for a new European Bus and Coach Directive. In the beginning, most of the Member States did not have the accessibility requirements as their main concern; still a smaller network with actors from the National delegations from Britain, Germany and Sweden would influence the other National delegations in the Council group to finally agree to retain the requirement of accessibility of the Directive. Within the EU decision process, the European Disability movement acted as a strong player during the whole negotiation process using the proposal to a new Bus and Coach Directive as a tool to influence key actors to go towards a Directive with a strong approach for accessibility. Policy Transfer and Policy Transfer Network are used as analytical tools to understand and structure the transfer of the question of accessibility during the negotiation process. Actors understanding how the bureaucratic process works within the EU decision system have a chance to contributing for the changes in the directions they wishes for within a range of policy areas. The principal aim of the Directive was to guarantee the safety of passengers and to provide technical prescription in particular to wheelchair users. In the end it turned out to be one of the most successful achievements for the European Disability movement in history.

Šiandien į „viešojo valdymo“ sąvoką įeina viešosios politikos formavimas ir viešasis administravimas, vykdomoji valdžia ir jos stiprėjimas, tarnautojų, piliečių ir jų grupių įtaka formuojant politinius ir administracinius sprendimus, viešojo ir privataus sektorių partnerystė ir t.t. Svarbiausią vietą Lietuvos Respublikos vykdomosios valdžios institucijų sistemoje užima Vyriausybė. Ji yra aukščiausioji valstybės valdžios vykdomoji institucija Lietuvos Respublikoje, įgyvendinanti vykdomąją valdžią šalyje ir vadovaujanti šios sistemos institucijoms bei koordinuojanti jų veiklą. LR Vyriausybė, spręsdama problemas ar rengdama įstatytumus, jų projektus ir pan, sudaro darbo grupes konkretiems klausimams spręsti. Pasitelkus visas įmanomas priemones ir veikimo būdus galima sumaniai ir pagrįstai kurti, įgyvendinti bei taikyti įstatymus, spręsti konkrečias gyvenimiškas situacijas, sudaryti ir įgyvendinti reikalingas visuomenės vystymo programas, tačiau vis dar atsiranda kliūčių sprendžiant valstybinės reikšmės klausimus ir problemas. Šio darbo tikslas – aptarti viešosios valdžios struktūrą, veiklą, išorinį poveikį, bei politikos tinklų tipus teoriniu lygmeniu bei išanalizuoti vienos struktūrinės dalies (darbo grupių) veiklą, išsiaiškinti Lietuvos Respublikos valdžios institucijose susidarančių politikos tinklų tipus ir jų reikšmę valstybei. Iškeltos 3 hipotezės, jog mokslinėje literatūroje trūksta LR Vyriausybės darbo grupių veiklos reglamentavimo, sudarymo, kandidatų... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Nowadays, the concept of "public authority" includes public policy formation and public administration, executive power and its strength, also the influence of civil servants, citizens and their groups on the formation of the political and administrative decisions, public-private partnerships, etc. The Government has the most important place in the Lithuanian system of executive authorities. It is the supreme executive body of state power in the Republic of Lithuania, which is implementing the executive power and leading the institutions of this system coordinating their activity. While solving the problems and drafting the laws and their projects Lithuanian government establishes working groups to tackle specific issues. Through all the possible means and methods of operation the laws can be implemented and applied quite sensibly and reasonably, dealing with specific real life situations, creating and implementing public development programs, however there still are barriers dealing with the issues of state interest. The aim of the research – to discuss the structure, activity of public authority, external impact on it, types of policy networks at the level of theory, to analyze the activity of one of the structural parts (work groups); to clarify the types of policy networks established in the Lithuanian government bodies and their implications for the state. There are raised three hypotheses: (1) in the scientific literature there is lack of regulation of activity of... [to full text]

Submitted by Priscilla Araujo (priscilla@ibict.br) on 2016-06-30T15:18:18Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_final.pdf: 1316674 bytes, checksum: 883af8380ac18991413a831de9087b83 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-30T15:18:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_final.pdf: 1316674 bytes, checksum: 883af8380ac18991413a831de9087b83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-04-10 / O presente estudo objetivou analisar o fluxo da informação no trabalho interdisciplinar em equipes de saúde. O trabalho em equipe se fundamenta na resposta às complexidades do cuidado em saúde, a partir de relações novas, mais compartilhadas, entre os profissionais do setor e a população. Para analisar os fluxos de informação no trabalho interdisciplinar em uma equipe multiprofissional de saúde, utilizou-se da definição de conceitos relativos à evolução do trabalho na saúde; e a interdisciplinaridade e suas implicações com a área da saúde. Foram apresentados também, definições sobre a realização do trabalho em equipe; e as interações e relações pessoais entre seus membros, além das definições de informação, fluxo da informação e suas coligações com a comunicação, relacionando-as com teorias de conversações. Desenvolveu-se um estudo de caso considerando como unidade de análise uma equipe multiprofissional da Casa Gerontológica Brigadeiro Eduardo Gomes. A pesquisa empírica foi realizada através da observação não participante em doze reuniões de equipe, bem como a aplicação de nove questionários. Utilizou-se para análise do material empírico a análise do discurso e análises estatísticas descritivas; e a análise de correlação de Spearman. Os resultados indicam que a equipe de saúde investigada possui características mais próximas de um trabalho interdisciplinar na prática clínica. As articulações das ações e a comunicação são utilizadas como um meio de integração social, que promovem fluxos de informações no intuito de contribuir para a melhoria do cuidado em saúde. No entanto, foram constatadas algumas incongruências, relacionadas ao registro e acesso das informações das reuniões que influenciam diretamente na tomada de decisão. Sugeriu-se, como alternativa de solução, o emprego de sistemas informatizados que permitam o melhor aproveitamento das reuniões e do conhecimento dos profissionais; e a promoção do diálogo, no intuito de promover aumento das interações e ações conjuntas para resolução dos casos. Estas ações se apresentam como alternativa para a construção de novas práticas de saúde, de modo que a lógica que oriente o trabalho em saúde considere a integralidade, a democratização das relações de trabalho e a ação comunicativa. / The present study aimed to analyze the flow of information in interdisciplinary work in health care teams. Teamwork is based on the response to the complexities of health care, from, more shared among industry professionals and population. From analyze the flow of information in interdisciplinary work in a multidisciplinary team of health new relationships, we used if the definition of concepts relating to the evolution of work on health, and interdisciplinarity and its implications to health. Settings on the achievement of teamwork were also presented, and the interactions and personal relationships among its members, in addition to the definitions of information, flow of information and their alliances with communication, relating them to theories of talks. Developed a case study as the unit of analysis considering a multidisciplinary team of Gerontological Home Brigadeiro Eduardo Gomes. Empirical research was carried out through non- participant observation in twelve team meetings , as well as applying nine questionnaires. Was used for analysis of the empirical material discourse analysis and descriptive statistical analysis, and the Spearman correlation analysis. The results indicate that the health team has investigated closest of interdisciplinary work in clinical practice characteristics. The joints of the actions and communication are used as a means of social integration, which promote information flows in order to contribute to the improvement of health care. However, some inconsistencies were found, related to the registration and access of information meetings, which directly influence decision-making. It was suggested as an alternative solution, the use of computerized systems that allow better use of meetings and knowledge of professionals, the promotion of dialogue in order to result in increased interactions and joint actions to solve cases. These actions are presented as an alternative to building new health practices, so that the logic that guides health work considers the completeness, the democratization of labor relations and communicative action.

Due to economic crisis a lot of companies are facing financial difficulties and therefore they are saving costs in almost all areas. A large number of them first reduce investments into education, corporate benefits and overall costs of human resources department. At the same time these companies do not realize that their employees represent the most valuable asset, thus they represent the possibility of finding solutions of how to get out of the crisis. With regard to recency and marginalization of that topic in my thesis I deal with work environment issues that directly affect job satisfaction and ultimately productivity and efficiency of employees. In the technical part I grapple with work environment issues, working groups, management styles, communication, motivation and stimulation. In the practical part I have analysed the work environment of the company CMC Graduate School of Business o.p.s. in which I have applied achieved knowledge based on which I have proposed such measures and improvements toward the organization that will lead to increased willingness to work and hence to reduce the staff fluctuation.

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The Master's thesis deals with approaches to leadership and work engagement in multicultural work environment and includes an original research of correlation between the concepts of approaches to leadership and work engagement in multicultural work groups in Prague shared service centers. The aim of this work is to identify the currently used approaches to leadership and their correlation with work engagement of employees within shared service center's multicultural working groups. The current situation of shared service centers in Czech Republic is discussed. Shared service centers represent the largest employers of expatriates living in the Czech Republic. Companies are in need of optimization of approaches to leadership due to the complexity of the multicultural work environment. This thesis focuses on the different approaches to leadership in culturally divergent work environment. The difference between leadership and management, how important it is to choose the optimal leadership style for multicultural environment, or different approaches to leadership development are discussed. Work engagement represents one of the concepts most afflicted by culturally complex work environments. Various approaches and descriptions of engagement are explained along with the possible differences in the...