歷經兩次金改，我國本國銀行的家數從2000年最高峰53間，降至2014年的39間，但國內銀行金融服務市場已趨飽和，銀行家數過多且規模過小的現象仍然存在，近年存放款利差縮小，銀行間價格競爭日趨激烈，對於整體銀行業的獲利能力影響甚鉅。為利我國銀行掌握亞洲經濟成長契機，提升獲利及國際競爭力，金融監督管理委員會自2013年起推動金融業布局亞洲，提出「金融業打亞洲盃」的政策宣言，鼓勵金融業整併或參股海外機構以擴大規模。 元大金控係以證券投資服務為主體而發展之金融控股公司，亦是金融監督管理委員會點名最積極投入打亞洲盃的金控之一，2015年8月元大金控宣布併購大眾銀行，合併後由子公司元大銀行為存續公司。本研究採個案研究法，以元大金控併購大眾銀行為例，個別探討雙方發展現況及併購動機，並分析此併購案的策略目的及併購綜效。 本研究結果得出，元大金控藉由合併大眾銀行將產生以下併購綜效：(一)規模經濟效益、(二)均衡業務結構、(三)提升銀行獲利貢獻、(四)維持穩健資產品質，元大金控藉此拉升銀行業務的恆常獲利貢獻，進而轉型成證券及銀行雙主軸的金控，同時取得大眾銀行的香港分行，以香港為前進大陸的發展據點，經營兩岸三地金融服務市場，有助其朝向「亞太區最佳金融服務提供者」之願景邁進。 / After going through two financial reforms, the number of the banks in Taiwan had decreased from 53 banks in 2000 to around 39 banks in 2014. Still, the problem of an excess of the banking operators had persisted. Due to the saturated Taiwanese domestic market for commercial banking services, the interest spread had thinned remarkably and this oppressive situation had drawn the local commercial banks into a price war on interest rates on deposits and loans. In 2013, following the growing concern over the price competition and in the hope of enhancing international competiveness of Taiwan’s banking industry, Financial Supervisory Commission unveiled its plan—Asia Cup policy—to promote consolidation of domestic financial institutions and encourage them to invest overseas market to further scale up the business. Yuanta Financial Holdings, one of the holding companies that actively seek overseas business opportunities, was the biggest securities broker in Taiwan. After completing the acquisitions and mergers of Ta Chong bank in August 2015, the company not only remains the leading position in securities market but also further strengthens its banking business. The thesis is based on the M&A case, and the purpose of the study is to determine the reasons and motivations behind the M&A between two financial institutions as well as the company’s current development in order to analyze and understand what are synergistic gains that two banks benefit from the merger. In short, the study suggests that the merger between Yaunta financial holdings and Ta Chong Bank has created following M&A synergies—realizing economies of scale, balancing business structure, enhancing banking profitability, and maintaining steady asset quality. After merging with Ta Chong bank, Yaunta financial holdings transitioned from a securities brokerage-focused company to a holding company focused on Twins Pillar of securities and banking operations. Also, company’s Hong Kong branch, which was acquired from the M&A, will serve as a firm foothold in Chinese market in order for this banking giant Yaunta to achieve the goal of becoming best financial service provider in the Asia Pacific region.

Há mais de um século, a população pobre da cidade de Porto Alegre sofre com remoções. Percebe-se uma continuidade na prática de políticas remocionistas em determinadas localidades da capital gaúcha e, recentemente, milhares de pessoas foram removidas por causa de obras diretamente relacionadas a realização do megaevento Copa do Mundo 2014 na cidade. A forma como se deu esse processo revelou que as remoções e a consequente transformação urbana não ocorrem de forma pacífica. A cidade é uma arena de disputa entre diversos grupos sociais em que se confrontam diferentes discursos sobre a sua construção, ganhando corpo tanto em uma dimensão discursiva quanto material. São objetos de investigação deste trabalho as transformações que motivaram as desapropriações do espaço a partir das intervenções urbanas e as consequentes remoções de comunidades, favelas e vilas para a construção ou remodelação de arquiteturas urbanas, bem como o deslocamento das pessoas para outras áreas da cidade. Para tanto, são analisados três territórios que sofreram remoções: Ilhota, Dique e Tronco. A Ilhota é uma comunidade que sofreu a maior remoção da cidade no final dos anos 1970, devido a um processo de gentrificação do centro da capital Dique e Tronco são comunidades que sofreram remoções depois do anúncio que o megaevento Copa do Mundo seria realizado na cidade. Com a ideia de construir cartografias das remoções, três instrumentos foram utilizados como forma de registro, análise e construção de saberes para detectar pontos de conflitos e injustiças nesses territórios: (i) documentário sobre as violências sofridas e as resistências à remoção para a permanência de suas casas; (ii) mapas que evidenciam a periferização das pessoa que sofreram as remoções; (iii) levantamento dos mecanismos de remoção empregados pelo Estado para pressionar as famílias a saírem de suas casas. As cartografias das remoções buscam tratá-las como um dos eixos de um projeto de transformação profunda na dinâmica urbana, envolvendo de um lado novos processos de elitização e mercantilização da cidade, e de outro, novos padrões de relação entre o Estado e os agentes econômicos e sociais, marcados pela negação das esferas públicas democráticas de tomada de decisões e por intervenções autoritárias. / For more than a century, the poor population of the city of Porto Alegre have suffered with the urban removals. There is a continuity in the practice of removal policies in certain locations in the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, and recently thousands of people have been removed because of works directly related to the 2014 World Cup mega-event in the city. The way in which this process took place has revealed that the removals and the consequent urban transformation do not occur in a peaceful way. The city is an arena of dispute between several social groups in which different discourses about their construction are confronted, taking shapeboth in a discursive and material dimension. This study aims at the transformations that motivated the expropriation of space from the urban interventions and the consequent removals of communities, favelas and villages for the construction or remodeling of urban architectures, as well as the displacement of the people to other areas of the city. For this purpose, three territories that have been removed are analyzed: Ilhota, Dique and Tronco. Ilhota is a community that suffered the largest removal of the city in the late 1970s, due to a process of gentrification of the city center Dique and Tronco are communities that suffered removals after the announcement that the mega-event World Cup would be held in the city. With the idea of constructing cartographies of the removals, three instruments were used to record, analyze and build knowledge in order to detect points of conflict and injustice in these territories: (i) a documentary about the violence suffered and the resistance to removal for the permanence of their homes; (ii) maps showing the peripheralization of the people who suffered the removals; (iii) a survey of the removal mechanisms employed by the State to pressure families to leave their homes. Removal cartography seeks to treat them as one of the axes of a project of deep transformation in urban dynamics, involving on the one hand new processes of elitization and commercialization of the city, and on the other, new patterns of relationship between the State and economic and social agents, marked by the denial of the democratic public spheres of decision-making and by authoritarian interventions.

The purpose of this study was to examine how the Swedish newspaper Aftonbladet wrote and constructed their articles about the FIFA World Cup 2018 and the FIFA Women’s World Cup 2019. The other purpose was to see if the Sweden men’s national football team and the Sweden women’s national football team got the same space in the newspaper and to see if the teams are portrayed in different ways. This study is based on both a quantitative content analysis and a critical discourse analysis. To do so we analyzed all of the articles that were published during both of the World Cups group stages. In total, the study examines 291 articles, split between two time periods. For our critical discourse analysis, we used six articles, all written the day after a game in the group stage.   The great conclusion that was made in our study showed that Aftonbladet more often wrote about the Sweden men’s national football team then they did about the Sweden women’s national football team. It was also common that the articles constructed about the men’s team were more likely to be about their achievements and their game on the pitch when the articles about the women’s team were more likely to be about feelings and their personal life. A pattern that we could follow during our study was that it was more often male journalists wrote about the men’s World Cup and that women wrote about the women’s World Cup.

Ce travail porte sur l’étude du comportement biomécanique d’un modèle cadavérique et d’un modèle in vitro de l’arthroplastie totale de hanche. Nous avons cherché à mettre en relief et à étudier des paramètres qui pouvaient nous permettre de disposer d’une méthode d’analyse objective de la stabilité de l’implant acétabulaire. La première partie décrit le contexte de l'étude. Nous avons insisté sur les différentes méthodes d’analyses qui permettent d’analyser la stabilité d’un implant osseux. En effet, malgré l’utilisation quotidienne des implants, le taux d’échec d’ostéointégration reste élevé. Ces échecs s’accompagnent d’une morbidité importante et d’un surcout notable. Parmi les causes d’échec identifiées, le descellement aseptique de la cupule acétabulaire dans l’arthroplastie de hanche peut être lié à un défaut de stabilité primaire, non obtenu lors de l’intervention chirurgicale. Il a été montré que le descellement de la cupule acétabulaire pouvait résulter d'une faible stabilité primaire entre la cupule et l'os l'entourant. Les chirurgiens qui pratiquent l’arthroplastie de hanche évaluent de manière empirique la stabilité obtenue ou non de l’implant acétabulaire en écoutant le son produit lorsqu'ils impactent la cupule ou à leur ressenti en la manipulant. Une méthode d'estimation de la stabilité primaire pourrait permettre au chirurgien orthopédique de mieux appréhender la stabilité des implants qu’il pose au bloc opératoire. L'objet principal de ce travail de thèse était ainsi d'étudier les signaux d'impacts sur le cotyle prothétique. Dans un premier temps, nous avons réalisé une étude de l'insertion de la cupule par impacts sur un modèle cadavérique (sujets anatomiques de l’école de chirurgie du fer à moulin) dans des conditions proches de celle de l'opération en clinique. Une corrélation a été trouvée entre le moment d'impact et la stabilité (R2=0.69). Cette étude expérimentale a ainsi montré le potentiel de la méthode de traitement des signaux d'impact dans la prédiction de la stabilité primaire de la cupule acétabulaire. Mais nous avons observé des modifications entre les signaux obtenus sur les différents sujets. Nous avons posé comme hypothèse que ces modifications étaient liées à la variation des tissus mous entre chaque sujet. Le troisième volet de cette thèse a donc porté sur l’analyse du comportement biomécanique de notre modèle en présence d’une quantité plus ou moins importante de muscle.Nous avons utilisé à nouveau le modèle in vitro que nous avions développé et avons ajouté dans le système d’impaction des tranches de poitrine de dinde d’épaisseur variable. Le but de cette seconde étude était d’intégrer le paramètre lié à l’existence d’une épaisseur variable de tissus mous dans l'interaction dynamique entre le marteau, l'ancillaire (et la cupule) et le tissu osseux lors de l'insertion. La valeur de la moyenne et de l’écart-type de l'indicateur Im obtenues pour tous les échantillons et toutes les configurations pour une valeur d’épaisseur des tissus mous égale à 10 mm (respectivement 30 mm) étaient égales à 0,592 ± 0,141 (respectivement 0,552 ± 0,139). L’analyse statistique a montré qu'il n'y avait pas eu d'effet significatif de la valeur de l’épaisseur des tissus mous sur les valeurs de l'indicateur Im (F = 3,16; p = 0,08). Malgré les limitations évidentes d’une étude in vitro sur un modèle partiel d’arthroplastie totale de hanche, ces résultats, ainsi que les résultats précédents obtenus sur les sujets anatomiques, montrent la faisabilité du développement d'un dispositif médical dédié à l'estimation de la stabilité de l'implant acétabulaire et qui pourrait être utilisé comme système d'aide à la décision par le chirurgien orthopédique. / Abstract:This work studies the biomechanical behavior of a cadaveric model and an in vitro model of total hip arthroplasty. We sought to highlight and study parameters that could allow us to have a method of objective analysis of the stability of the acetabular cup implant.The first part describes the context of the study. We have emphasized the different methods of analysis that make it possible to analyse the stability of a bone implant. Indeed, despite the daily use of implants, the failure rate of osseointegration remains high and failures still happen due to inadequate mechanical behavior of the prosthesis.Among the identified causes of failure, aseptic loosening of the acetabular cup after hip arthroplasty may be related to a primary defect in stability, not achieved during the surgical procedure. It has been shown that loosening of the acetabular cup may result from poor primary stability between the prosthetic cup and the surrounding bone.A method of estimating primary stability could allow the orthopaedic surgeon to better control the stability of the implants he poses in the operating room.The main purpose of this thesis work was to study the impact signals on the prosthetic acetabulum.Firstly, we carried out a study of the insertion of the cup by impacts on a cadaveric model. A correlation was found between impact time and stability (R2 = 0.69). This experimental study has thus shown the potential of the impact signal processing method in predicting the primary stability of the acetabular cup. But we observed changes between the signals obtained on the different subjects. We hypothesized that these changes were related to soft tissue variation between subjects.The third part of this thesis focused on analysing the biomechanical behavior of our model in the presence of soft tissues.We used again the in vitro model that we had developed and added in the impaction system turkey slices of varying thickness.The purpose of this second study was to integrate the parameter related to the existence of a variable thickness of soft tissues in the dynamic interaction between the hammer, the ancillary (and the cup) and the bone tissue during the insertion. The mean and standard deviation of the Im indicator obtained for all samples and configurations at a soft tissue thickness value of 10 mm (30 mm) was 0.592 ± 0.141, (respectively 0.552 ± 0.139). Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant effect of the value of soft tissue thickness on the values of the Im indicator (F = 3.16, p = 0.08). Despite the obvious limitations of an in vitro study on a partial model of total hip arthroplasty, these results, as well as the previous results obtained on anatomical subjects, show the feasibility of developing a medical device dedicated to estimating the stability of the acetabular implant and which could be used as a decision support system by the orthopaedic surgeons.

Diploma thesis "Football World Cup on the screens of Czechoslovak television : progress of live broadcasting matches from England 1966 to Italy 1990" deals with television interpretation of World Cup broadcasting by Czechoslovak television. There is also mentioned progress of Sport department of Czechoslovak television since the beginning. Author has illustrated participation of audiovisual media from the first World cup in 1930. He brings schedule of broadcasting of Czechoslovak television from each World Cup in the main period under consideration from 1966 to 1990. He takes notice of work of football commentators and also of structure of broadcasting. There is used historical analysis to observe the progress of number commentators and other television workers who were on World Cup, number of live broadcasting matches or recording matches. There is also some comparison with foreign televisions.

Organ formation is an important step during development of an organism that combines different scales from the molecular to the tissue level. Many organogenesis phenomena involve epithelial morphogenesis, where sheets of cells undergo rearrangements to form complex architectures – organ precursors, which subsequently develop into mature organs. Timely development of the characteristic architectures of the organ precursors is crucial for successful organogenesis and is determined by the choice of epithelial rearrangements that organise the constituent cells in space and time. However, for many organogenesis events the cellular dynamics underlying such epithelial rearrangements remain elusive. In the work presented here, I investigated the morphogenesis of the hemispherical retinal neuroepithelium (RNE), that serves as an organ precursor of the neural retina. Formation of RNE is an important event in vertebrates that shapes the optic cup and sets the stage for subsequent eye development. I investigated RNE morphogenesis in the developing zebrafish embryo by visualising and investigating the cellular dynamics of the process in vivo. My findings show that the zebrafish RNE is shaped by the combined action of two different epithelial rearrangements – basal shrinkage of the neuroepithelial cells and involution of cells at the rim of the developing optic cup. The basal shrinkage of the neuroepithelial cells bends the neuroepithelial sheet and starts the process of invagination. However, my results show that the major player in RNE morphogenesis is rim involution. Rim involution translocates prospective RNE cells to their designated location in the invaginating layer and contributes to RNE invagination. My work unravelled the so far unknown mechanism of rim involution. I show that the rim cells involute by collective epithelial migration using directed membrane protrusions and dynamic cell-matrix contacts. If rim migration is perturbed, the prospective RNE cells cannot reach the invaginating layer. As a result, these migration-defective cells attain the RNE fate at an ectopic location and disrupt the tissue architecture. Therefore, rim migration coordinates the cellular location with the timing of RNE fate determination and orchestrates RNE morphogenesis in space and time. Overall, my work highlights how morphogenetic processes shape the organ precursor architecture and ensure timely organ formation. These findings provide important insights not only for eye development but also for epithelial morphogenesis and organogenesis in many other systems. / Für die Entwicklung eines Organismus ist die Bildung von Organen (Organogenese) von zentraler Bedeutung. Organogenese umfasst Prozesse auf allen Ebenen der Längenskala: von der molekularen Ebene, der Gewebeebene, bis hin zur Ebene des ganzen Organismus. Viele Phänomene der Organogenese beinhalten dabei Veränderungen von Epithelien, bei der sich Schichten von Zellen zu komplexen Strukturen - Organvorläufern - umwandeln. Diese entwickeln sich später zu vollständigen Organen. Die rechtzeitige Entwicklung der charakteristischen Architektur der Organvorläufer ist entscheidend für eine erfolgreiche Organogenese und wird durch die Wahl der epithelialen Umwandlungsprozessen bestimmt, welche die Zellen in Raum und Zeit koordinieren müssen. Für viele dieser Prozesse ist jedoch genau diese zugrundeliegende Zelldynamik unklar. In der hier vorgestellten Arbeit untersuchte ich die Bildung des hemisphärischen retinalen Neuropepithels (RNE). Das RNE ist der Organvorläufer der neuralen Retina, weshalb dessen korrekte Bildung die Voraussetzung für die korrekte Entwicklung der Augen ist. Ich untersuchte die RNE-Morphogenese in sich entwickelnden Zebrafisch-Embryos durch Visualisierung und Untersuchung der zellulären Dynamik der beteiligten Prozesse in vivo. Meine Ergebnisse zeigen, dass das RNE in Zebrafischen durch die kombinierte Umwandlung von zwei verschiedenen Epithelien geformt wird. Zum einen findet eine Verkleinerung des basalen Prozesses der neuroepithelialen Zellen statt, zum anderen die Involution von Randzellen. Die basale Verkleinerung der neuroepithelialen Zellen verbiegt die neuroepitheliale Schicht und führt zur Einstülpung des RNE. Meine Ergebnisse zeigten allerdings, dass Involution von Randzellen noch bedeutsamer für die RNE-Morphogenese ist. Die involution von Randzellen transportiert potenzielle RNE-Zellen in das Neuroepithel und trägt zur RNE-Einstülpung bei. Die Bedeutung meiner Arbeit liegt darin, den bisher unbekannten Mechanismus der Randzell-Involution entdeckt zu haben. Ich zeigte, dass die Randzellen sich aktiv durch kollektive epitheliale Migration bewegen indem sie gerichtete Membranforsätze und dynamische Zell zu Matrix Kontakte etablieren. Wird die Migration der Randzellen inhibiert, so führt dies dazu, dass diese Zellen die eingestülpte RNE Schicht nicht erreichen. Sie landen dann an den falschen Positionen, wo sie die Gewerbearchitektur stören können. Daher koordiniert die Randzellmigration die Position der Zellen und orchestriert die RNE-Morphogenese in Raum und Zeit. Insgesamt zeigt meine Arbeit, wie morphogenetische Prozesse die Organvorläuferarchitektur prägen und eine rechtzeitige Organbildung sicherstellen. Diese Erkenntnisse sind sowohl für das Verständnis der Augenentwicklung, als auch für das der epithelialen Morphogenese und Organogenese in anderen Systemen von großer Bedeutung.

Qatar wants to use the 2022 FIFA World Cup as a soft power mean. They want to remove stains on their reputation via sportswashing. However, there is reason to believe that this effect might not occur in the case of Qatar, or in other words; that the tournament has a soft disempowerment effect on the state of Qatar. By doing a discourse analysis this study exams if the soft power efforts of Qatar have been successful, primarily in the Swedish context by examining how the Swedish media and Swedish FA articulates about Qatar, but also in the context of FIFA. The study also examens whether the articulations can be labeled as cases of Orientalism. The results show that in the Swedish context, both an orientalist and soft disempowerment-discourse are showing, and in the case of FIFA an orientalist discourse and a discourse which suggest that the tournament has been a good soft power resource in the eyes of FIFA occurs.

Cette étude porte sur l’analyse des impacts sociaux de la Coupe du monde de football FIFA 2014 au Brésil, pays émergent, spécifiquement dans quatre villes d’accueil : Manaus, Recife, Rio de Janeiro et Belo Horizonte. La démarche, s’appuyant sur les principes de la recherche qualitative, cherche à comprendre les processus de décision des organisateurs de l’événement – tant au niveau national que local – et la mise en place des politiques publiques liées aux groupes sociaux défavorisés du pays. Il s’agit d’analyser à la fois l’importance donnée par les responsables aux questions socio-économiques et le rôle joué par les habitants dans l’accueil de l’événement.Le corpus rassemble 63 entretiens [50 acteurs interviewés], 48 séquences d’observation, 87 photographies et des documents publiés [dossiers officiels, articles de journaux, sites officiels, rapports administratifs]. La recherche de terrain a été réalisée entre les années 2013 et 2015 de sorte à observer la préparation de l’événement et les impacts à moyen terme.En analysant les politiques publiques adoptées, la recherche a montré un manque de dialogue entre les organisateurs et la population locale, notamment les groupes sociaux défavorisés, en ce qui concerne les processus de décision et les héritages réels à court et à moyen termes. En général, les responsables ont mis en valeur les aspects tangibles – travaux urbains et nouvelles arènes – au détriment des changements socio-sportifs majeurs. En revanche, les habitants locaux ont joué un rôle crucial dans la réussite de la Coupe du monde au travers de leur accueil des visiteurs et de leur manière singulière de fêter le football. En outre, compte tenu des manifestations survenues en 2013 et 2014, un nouveau mouvement d’opposition aux grands événements sportifs a vu le jour mettant à l’épreuve les aspects économiques soulignés par les institutions organisatrices. / This research focuses on the analysis of social impacts related to the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, an emerging country, specifically in four host cities : Manaus, Recife, Rio de Janeiro and Belo Horizonte. This approach, based on the principles of qualitative research, seeks to understand the decision process of event organizers – on local and international levels – and the implementation of public policies targeting disadvantaged social groups in the country. This research aims to analyze both the level of consideration given to social issues by the event’s organizing committee; as well as the role played by the host cities’ residents in the reception of visitors.The corpus brings together 63 interviews [50 actors interviewed], 48 observation grids, 87 photographs and published documents [official records, newspapers articles, official websites, business reports]. Field research was carried out between 2013 and 2015 in order to observe the preparation of the event and the medium-term impacts.By analysing public policies, the research showed a lack of dialogue between the organizers and the local population, especially the deprived social groups, regarding the decision process and the real legacies in the short and medium terms. In general, officials have highlighted the tangibles aspects – urban projects and new arenas – at the expense of major social and sporting changes. Conversely, local residents have played a crucial role in the success of the 2014 World Cup through their visitor reception and unique way of celebrating football. Furthermore, given the events that occurred in 2013 and 2014, a new opposition movement against mega sport events was established - challenging the economic aspects highlighted by the organizing institutions.

No description available.

The present exploratory study, framed in agenda-setting theory, analyzes the way European and US newspapers frame racism and ethnocentrism issues, on the background of the 2006 FIFA World Cup. By combining quantitative and qualitative methods, 2 research hypotheses and 9 research questions were explored. The results showed the distribution of articles that used a positive frame and the ones that used a negative frame was relatively equal across geographical regions. The US media have shown as the most ethnocentric nationality the Spanish, while the European media, the Scottish. There is an agreement across different geographical regions that the French and the German have the most tolerant or anti-discriminatory actions or attitudes. The most prominent theme to describe nationalities’ tolerant attitudes was the power of football to unify peoples and to enhance global understanding. Both the American and the European media described the Argentinean team mostly in terms of athletic skill.