O presente trabalho de pesquisa doutoral apresenta uma proposta de leitura e interpretação do Evangelho conforme Marcos, fundamentada nas teorias das Ciências da Linguagem, advindas das elaborações teóricas dos estudiosos Mikhail M. Bakhtin, Erich Auerbach e Northrop Frye e também de perspectivas das novas retóricas e da narratologia, as quais têm em comum a influência de Ernst Cassirer e sua filosofia das formas simbólicas. Segundo a concepção proposta na tese, o discurso religioso da fonte advinda do mundo antigo, que é o objeto da presente pesquisa, é estudado a partir do texto, compreendido como realidade imediata por detrás do qual não se pode sondar a realidade concreta. As investigações realizadas a partir do referencial teórico mencionado conduzem à compreensão de que o Evangelho conforme Marcos é um discurso religioso que se manifesta em linguagem popular, cujo estudo dirigido a um breve trecho de seu conteúdo (Mc 3.20-35) assim nomeado como perícope revela a subversão simbólica que pode ser descrita pelo conceito bakhtiniano de carnavalização. / The present doctoring academic research has a way of reading and interpretation of the gospel based on the Gospel of Mark, mainly based on the theories of the Sciencies of Language, which they have their origins in theorical elaborations of Mikhail M. Bakhtin, Erich Auerbach and Northrop Frye, also, this academic research is based on perspectives from new speeches and the plot theory and they have in common the influence of Ernst Cassirer and his philosophy of the symbolical forms. In the thesis, the religious discourse which comes from the ancient world, and which is the object of this research, is studied through the text, and this text is understood as an imediate reality which it is impossible to scrutiny the concrete reality beyond this text. All investigations done based on these theories lead us to the comprehension that the Gospel of Mark is a religious discourse which comes from the popular speech. This study is based on a brief part of its contents (Mk 3.20-35) and this part of the text is called an excerpt and it reveals the symbolic subversion which can be explained by the bakhtinian concept of carnivalization.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T11:07:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LEDA MARIA LEITE ALENCAR DE BRITO.pdf: 762747 bytes, checksum: 37bc61e19fbed5b2b9a13a4adfb50a97 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-03-19 / This thesis aims to make a comparative analysis between the works The Passion According to GH, Clarice Lispector and The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka . Theorized issues are addressed by Victor Shklovsky in literary studies and Comparative Literature at work Literary Theory . It is intended to study the uniqueness of each work procedures , highlighting aesthetic procedures concerning Modern Literature : Expressionism , features that link the objects chosen for the proposal expressionist aesthetic . The similarities and differences of each work aesthetic and structural homologies between the works studied and the expressionist painting. / Esta dissertação tem por objetivo fazer uma análise comparada entre as obras A Metamorfose, de Franz Kafka e A Paixão Segundo G. H., de Clarice Lispector. São abordadas questões teorizadas por Victor Chklovski nos estudos literários e da Literatura Comparada na obra Teoria da Literatura. Pretende-se estudar os procedimentos de singularidade de cada obra, destacando procedimentos estéticos concernentes à Literatura Moderna: o Expressionismo, características que ligam os objetos escolhidos à proposta da estética expressionista. As semelhanças e diferenças estéticas de cada obra e as homologias estruturais entre as obras estudadas e a pintura expressionista.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T20:32:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fatima Aparecida Dionizio.pdf: 2825310 bytes, checksum: ba3d8d4570e3c9c391edb2fb0432d6f5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study presents an analysis of pedagogical, curricular and content knowledge that teachers of mathematics in basic education, in Ponta Grossa/PR have on Trigonometry. Empirical data was obtained with the use of a tool containing different kinds of errors made by students in Trigonometry exercises to be analyzed and point out possible intervention by the teachers as well as to present responses to Trigonometry concepts. This data was analyzed based on Shulman’s (1986,2001) theoretical contributions and on the functions and discursive operations according to the Register of Semiotic Representation theory by Raymond Duval (2004, 2009, 2011). The research question was: How is knowledge about Trigonometry characterized and what is the nature of the knowledge related to learning issues and Trigonometry teaching presented by mathematics teachers who work in basic education? And the objectives of the study were: to characterize the knowledge of Trigonometry of mathematics teachers working in basic education and; to reveal the nature of mathematics teachers’ knowledge in relation to Trigonometry learning and teaching issues.The research had a qualitative approach, with descriptive and elucidative characteristics, and the analysis methodological procedures were assisted by Bardin’s (2009) content analysis. The organization of data was carried out with the aid of the software Atlas.ti, through which the subject content knowledge, the pedagogical knowledge of content, and the curricular knowledge were gathered within the discourse expansion function proposed by Duval (2004) for later analysis. The results of this study indicate that teachers’ knowledge that was more evident was the knowledge of the subject content. These results point to the need for teachers to be more attentive to other aspects of knowledge also necessary to their education practice and which seem to have been disregarded. / Este trabalho apresenta uma análise dos conhecimentos pedagógicos, curricular e de conteúdo de professores de matemática da Educação Básica, do município de Ponta Grossa/PR, sobre Trigonometria. Os dados empíricos foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de um instrumento contendo diferentes tipos de erros cometidos pelos alunos em atividades de Trigonometria, para a análise e apontamento de possíveis intervenções pedagógicas pelos professores e também respostas a conceitos de Trigonometria. Esses dados foram analisados tendo por subsídios teóricos as contribuições de Shulman (1986, 2001) e as funções e operações discursivas apresentadas na teoria dos Registros de Representação Semiótica segundo Raymond Duval (2004, 2009, 2011). O problema de pesquisa que se buscou responder foi: Como se caracterizam os conhecimentos sobre Trigonometria e qual a natureza dos conhecimentos relativos a questões sobre a aprendizagem e o ensino de Trigonometria apresentados por professores de matemática que atuam na Educação Básica? A partir disso os objetivos da pesquisa foram: caracterizar os conhecimentos sobre Trigonometria apresentados por professores de matemática que atuam na Educação Básica e; desvelar a natureza desses conhecimentos dos professores de matemática em relação a questões sobre o ensino e a aprendizagem da Trigonometria. Para a realização da pesquisa foi adotada a abordagem qualitativa, de cunho descritivo e explicativo, com os procedimentos metodológicos de análise sustentados pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2009). A organização dos dados contou com o auxílio do software Atlas.ti por meio do qual foram elencados o conhecimento de conteúdo da matéria, o conhecimento pedagógico de conteúdo e o conhecimento curricular e as funções de expansão dos discursos propostas por Duval (2004), para posterior análise. Os resultados dessa pesquisa indicam que os conhecimentos docentes que se sobressaíram foram os conhecimentos de conteúdo da matéria a ser ensinada. Esses resultados apontam para a necessidade de um olhar mais atento pelos professores sobre os demais saberes necessários à prática educativa e que parecem não estarem sendo postos em prática.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-29T14:27:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Abimael Francisco do Nascimento.pdf: 1108943 bytes, checksum: d31781f4fefa92202df2c102c8a9fb44 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-12-16 / This research was guided by the method of literature review, in order to answer the question put on the problem: Which is the relevance and which are the implications of the image of the lamb, attributed to Jesus in the Gospel of John? - This question raises some considerations, such as: the relevance occurs due to the formation of the community that is the basis of this Gospel, as to say, groups that formed the Johannine community, those of the first hour, knew the cultic life of the Israelite tradition and applied it to Jesus through the typology of the lamb. A second consideration is that the lamb was in the worship, either to Jews or Samaritans, an element very present, kept from thanksgiving to the atonement. However, their presence more fixed in memory was that linked to the night of the Exodus, in which God commanded to sacrifice a paschal lamb. This celebration reminded every year the divine intervention and cherished the hope of a new exodus, in which the people would be released from the judge of the empires. The third consideration is on the figure of the lamb and the prophetic tradition of the Second Isaiah, who had proposed a cultic replacement: now a servant, like a lamb, would be the atoning of the sins of the people ( cf. Is 53:7 ). The servant of Isaiah takes the atoning function, something that was reserved for sacrificial rituals. Now, the servant assumes this function. Given this, the salutation of John the Baptist to Jesus (cf. Jn 1:29 ) gains another dimension, but with the possibility of combining the two ideas, as to say, the greeting of the Batista seems to address both perspective of the Paschal Lamb as well as the Suffering Servant. So that the Johannine Jesus assumes the role of lamb, but no more a lamb only to Israel but to the whole world. With this, the salvation of the Lamb-Servant is universal. He plays the role of forgiving sins and to make passing to eternal life, since He reconciles the mankind to God through his blood. The greeting of John the Baptist in John 1:29, in principle shows somewhat understandable, however, from a theological journey that culminates on Golgotha, in John 19.34-36, it is understandable what John the Baptist had announced in the opening week of Jesus' activity. Now, in the Passion, the final Easter is accomplished, full forgiveness is given, through the voluntary surrender of the Lamb of God / Apresente pesquisa pautou-se pelo método de pesquisa bibliográfica, com o fim de responder à questão lançada sobre o problema: qual a relevância e implicações da imagem do cordeiro, atribuída a Jesus, no Evangelho segundo João?- Desta interrogação surgem algumas considerações, tais como: a relevância se dá em virtude da formação da comunidade que está na base deste Evangelho, isto é, os grupos que formaram a comunidade joanina, aqueles da primeira hora, conheciam a vida cultual da tradição israelita e a aplicaram a Jesus por meio da tipologia do cordeiro. Uma segunda consideração é que o cordeiro era no culto, seja para samaritanos ou para judeus, um elemento bastante presente, e cumpria desde a ação de graças até a expiação. No entanto, sua presença mais fixada na memória era aquela ligada à noite da saída do Egito, na qual Deus ordenou a imolação de um cordeiro pascal. Esta celebração lembrava, a cada ano, a intervenção divina e alimentava a esperança de um novo êxodo, que libertasse o povo do julgo dos impérios. A terceira consideração é sobre a figura do cordeiro e a tradição profética do Segundo Isaías, que havia proposto uma substituição cúltica: agora um servo, semelhante a um cordeiro, seria o expiador dos pecados do povo (cf. Is 53,7). O servo de Isaías assume a função expiatória, algo que era reservado a rituais de sacrifício. Agora, o servo assume esta função. Diante disto, a saudação de João Batista a Jesus (cf. Jo 1,29) ganha outra vertente, mas com a possibilidade de aliar as duas ideias, isto é, a saudação Batista parece contemplar, tanto a perspectiva de Cordeiro Pascal, como de Servo Sofredor. De modo que o Jesus joanino assume a função de cordeiro, mas, não mais um cordeiro somente para Israel, e sim para todo o mundo. Com isto, a salvação do Cordeiro-Servo é universal. Ele cumpre a função de perdoar os pecados e de fazer passar para a vida eterna, visto que reconcilia, com o seu sangue, a humanidade com Deus. A saudação de João Batista em Jo 1,29, a princípio se mostra pouco compreensível, no entanto, a partir de um percurso teológico que culmina no Gólgota, em Jo 19,34-36, faz-se compreensível o que João Batista havia anunciado na semana inaugural da atividade de Jesus. Agora, na Paixão, a Páscoa definitiva se realiza, o perdão pleno é dado, por meio da entrega voluntária do Cordeiro de Deus

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-03-24T11:46:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Hugo Filardi Pereira.pdf: 1167805 bytes, checksum: e6adb1d729b34427c0818c0465a45146 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T11:46:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Hugo Filardi Pereira.pdf: 1167805 bytes, checksum: e6adb1d729b34427c0818c0465a45146 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-14 / DECISÕES COERENTES: VALORIZAÇÃO DOS PRECEDENTES NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL COMO TÉCNICA DE PREVISIBILIDADE DECISÓRIA / DECISÕES COERENTES: VALORIZAÇÃO DOS PRECEDENTES NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL COMO TÉCNICA DE PREVISIBILIDADE DECISÓRIA

<p>Aim: Preferential treatment and allocation of quotes according to sex are two current concepts due to the increasing demand for equality. One organization that may use preferential treatment is the fire department. This is why we chose it as a starting point for our study. The aim with this essay is to investigate how Gästrike Räddningstjänst can create a more equal organization.</p><p>Method: We have interviewed eight employees and prepared questions for each one. This represents a qualitative method. We have studied literature on the subject to get a theoretical background before the interviews. After the study we analysed the interviews with help from the theory. And finally we drew conclusions from this analysis. This resulted in suggestions that could help Gästrike Räddningstjänst create a more equal organization.</p><p>Result & Conclusions: Equality between the sexes is important but at the same time it is important that the employed women have the right qualities. Measures should be taken to draw women to the profession in order to create a wider selection. One measure that could give a wider selection is positive special treatment. It is important to think about the employees while making a change so that negative attitudes do not affect the process to make the profession more equal. Based on theory we can see that it is important to communicate the aim of the change to reduce resistance from the employees. Change has to be allowed to take time since the organizational culture is strong and has existed for a long time. Due to the strong culture it is necessary to focus on measures that will create a strong but adaptable culture. Management should continually evaluate the process of change to discover possible problems and to highlight progress. Employees can also take part in the evaluation.</p><p>Suggestions for future research: It would be interesting to compare different fire departments in Sweden considering their work with equality between sexes. It would also be interesting to observe the process of recruitment more closely.</p><p>Contribution of the thesis: Our hope is that this essay helps to increase awareness in the important issue of equality.</p> / <p>Syfte: Positiv särbehandling och kvotering är två aktuella begrepp i och med ökade krav på jämställdhet. Räddningstjänsten är en organisation som berörs av framförallt positiv särbehandling. Därför valde vi brandmannayrket som utgångspunkt för vår studie. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur ledningen inom Gästrike Räddningstjänst kan gå tillväga för att skapa en mer jämställd organisation.</p><p>Metod: Vi har intervjuat åtta personer och förberett anpassade frågor till var och en, vilket representerar en kvalitativ metod. Innan intervjuerna genomförde vi en litteraturstudie för att få en teoretisk grund. Efter vår empiriska studie analyserade vi intervjuerna med stöd av teorin. Därefter drog vi slutsatser utifrån analysen, vilket resulterade i förslag på hur Gästrike Räddningstjänst kan skapa en mer jämställd organisation.</p><p>Resultat & slutsats: Jämställdhet är viktigt men samtidigt måste de kvinnor som anställs vara tillräckligt kompetenta. Åtgärder bör vidtas för att locka fler kvinnor till yrket för att skapa ett bredare urval vid rekrytering. En åtgärd som kan ge ett bredare urval är positiv särbehandling. Vid förändringsarbetet är det viktigt att ta hänsyn till anställda så att inte negativa attityder försvårar processen att göra yrket mer jämställt. Utifrån teorin kan vi se att det är viktigt att tydligt kommunicera syftet med förändringen för att minska ett eventuellt motstånd. Förändringsarbetet måste få ta tid eftersom det är en stark organisationskultur som funnits länge. På grund av den starka organisationskulturen är det nödvändigt att fokusera på faktorer som gör kulturen stark men anpassningsbar. För att upptäcka eventuella problem och för att belysa framsteg bör ledning kontinuerligt följa upp förändringsarbetet. Detta kan med fördel genomföras tillsammans med de anställda.</p><p>Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Det skulle vara intressant att jämföra olika brandstationer i Sverige för att se om det ser likadant ut i hela landet, eller om vissa stationer kommit längre i sitt jämställdhetsarbete. Det skulle även vara intressant att mer närgående observera anställningsprocessen.</p>

Aim: Preferential treatment and allocation of quotes according to sex are two current concepts due to the increasing demand for equality. One organization that may use preferential treatment is the fire department. This is why we chose it as a starting point for our study. The aim with this essay is to investigate how Gästrike Räddningstjänst can create a more equal organization. Method: We have interviewed eight employees and prepared questions for each one. This represents a qualitative method. We have studied literature on the subject to get a theoretical background before the interviews. After the study we analysed the interviews with help from the theory. And finally we drew conclusions from this analysis. This resulted in suggestions that could help Gästrike Räddningstjänst create a more equal organization. Result &amp; Conclusions: Equality between the sexes is important but at the same time it is important that the employed women have the right qualities. Measures should be taken to draw women to the profession in order to create a wider selection. One measure that could give a wider selection is positive special treatment. It is important to think about the employees while making a change so that negative attitudes do not affect the process to make the profession more equal. Based on theory we can see that it is important to communicate the aim of the change to reduce resistance from the employees. Change has to be allowed to take time since the organizational culture is strong and has existed for a long time. Due to the strong culture it is necessary to focus on measures that will create a strong but adaptable culture. Management should continually evaluate the process of change to discover possible problems and to highlight progress. Employees can also take part in the evaluation. Suggestions for future research: It would be interesting to compare different fire departments in Sweden considering their work with equality between sexes. It would also be interesting to observe the process of recruitment more closely. Contribution of the thesis: Our hope is that this essay helps to increase awareness in the important issue of equality. / Syfte: Positiv särbehandling och kvotering är två aktuella begrepp i och med ökade krav på jämställdhet. Räddningstjänsten är en organisation som berörs av framförallt positiv särbehandling. Därför valde vi brandmannayrket som utgångspunkt för vår studie. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur ledningen inom Gästrike Räddningstjänst kan gå tillväga för att skapa en mer jämställd organisation. Metod: Vi har intervjuat åtta personer och förberett anpassade frågor till var och en, vilket representerar en kvalitativ metod. Innan intervjuerna genomförde vi en litteraturstudie för att få en teoretisk grund. Efter vår empiriska studie analyserade vi intervjuerna med stöd av teorin. Därefter drog vi slutsatser utifrån analysen, vilket resulterade i förslag på hur Gästrike Räddningstjänst kan skapa en mer jämställd organisation. Resultat &amp; slutsats: Jämställdhet är viktigt men samtidigt måste de kvinnor som anställs vara tillräckligt kompetenta. Åtgärder bör vidtas för att locka fler kvinnor till yrket för att skapa ett bredare urval vid rekrytering. En åtgärd som kan ge ett bredare urval är positiv särbehandling. Vid förändringsarbetet är det viktigt att ta hänsyn till anställda så att inte negativa attityder försvårar processen att göra yrket mer jämställt. Utifrån teorin kan vi se att det är viktigt att tydligt kommunicera syftet med förändringen för att minska ett eventuellt motstånd. Förändringsarbetet måste få ta tid eftersom det är en stark organisationskultur som funnits länge. På grund av den starka organisationskulturen är det nödvändigt att fokusera på faktorer som gör kulturen stark men anpassningsbar. För att upptäcka eventuella problem och för att belysa framsteg bör ledning kontinuerligt följa upp förändringsarbetet. Detta kan med fördel genomföras tillsammans med de anställda. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Det skulle vara intressant att jämföra olika brandstationer i Sverige för att se om det ser likadant ut i hela landet, eller om vissa stationer kommit längre i sitt jämställdhetsarbete. Det skulle även vara intressant att mer närgående observera anställningsprocessen.

About 29 000 different services was given by the Swedish welfare state to children with disabilities within the ages 0-22 years before October first in the year 2008. Studies about children with disabilities and their experiences of their situation have rarely been done and it is therefore difficult to know how they think and feel about their lives. Both Swedish law and the UN:s convention about children’s rights states that children have the right to tell their opinion in matters that are of their concern. Thus, we don´t know much about if and how the Swedish welfare state maintain this right towards children with disabilities. This is aimed to reveal if and how the Swedish welfare state, trough it´s municipality servants, give children with disabilities an opportunity to speak their mind trough the perspective of the municipality servant. This study is even aimed to reveal which difficulties, if any, the servants experience in their investigations of children with disabilities. The empirical material was analyzed trough a perspective of children as actors and trough the theoretical ideas; power-of-modeling and the organizations many hands. A qualitative method was chosen to collect the empirical data for this study because this method is the best method in order to get the deep information that was needed in order to achieve a deeper understanding for the problem. The result is that children with disabilities don´t get the opportunity to speak their mind in their own cases because of many aspects such as; communication problems, the limitations within the law called LSS, the organizations limitations of the servants and the children’s own parents.

<p>About 29 000 different services was given by the Swedish welfare state to children with disabilities within the ages 0-22 years before October first in the year 2008. Studies about children with disabilities and their experiences of their situation have rarely been done and it is therefore difficult to know how they think and feel about their lives. Both Swedish law and the UN:s convention about children’s rights states that children have the right to tell their opinion in matters that are of their concern. Thus, we don´t know much about if and how the Swedish welfare state maintain this right towards children with disabilities. This is aimed to reveal if and how the Swedish welfare state, trough it´s municipality servants, give children with disabilities an opportunity to speak their mind trough the perspective of the municipality servant. This study is even aimed to reveal which difficulties, if any, the servants experience in their investigations of children with disabilities. The empirical material was analyzed trough a <em>perspective of children as actors and trough the theoretical ideas; <em>power-of-modeling and <em>the organizations many hands. A qualitative method was chosen to collect the empirical data for this study because this method is the best method in order to get the deep information that was needed in order to achieve a deeper understanding for the problem. The result is that children with disabilities don´t get the opportunity to speak their mind in their own cases because of many aspects such as; communication problems, the limitations within the law called LSS, the organizations limitations of the servants and the children’s own parents. </em></em></em></p>

No description available.