Although the curative model of medical care is predominant it is necessary to consider the palliative strategies at the end-of-life. The inter-relation of dying children, their families and pediatric palliative care teams are seldom analyzed outside Palliative Care. However, it is important to ethnographically think about the disturbing experiences of body and subject disintegration while people are directly experiencing them, even when the person is a child or a newborn baby. A central topic in this study is how personhood, body formation and disintegration, and childhood can be understood within the context of unevenly constructed and shared palliative communication with and without words. Hence, I analyze in this study how a Palliative Care Team in the city of Buenos Aires provides care, communicates, and ultimately produces a particular companionship to dying children and their families. This work is built on qualitative information gathered and produced during my four-month fieldwork with the Palliative Care Team. The ethnographic techniques (participant observation, non-participant observation and open-ended semi-structured interviews) I conducted show that their strategies of care and communication have as the main goal the process of companionship at the end of children’s lives. It is necessary to understand how patients, parents, and other family members are situated in this field of tensions between restorative and palliative medicine, and brought into this culture of Palliative Care in a public children’s hospital. My research asks, in what ways are pediatric Palliative Care practices exclusive to the social and cultural contexts of Buenos Aires? This work has three main sections: 1. care, 2. communication, and 3. companionship. In section one I focus on the clinical and non-clinical aspects of care involving the professionals’ and volunteers’ practices of giving care. In section two I concentrate my attention on the verbal and non-verbal aspects of the Palliative Care Team communication with children and families. In section three I consider the professional production of ‘companionship’. In this thesis I will demonstrate the significance of this concept according to the Palliative Care Team members and how care and communication are the base for the ‘production of companionship.’ / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Literatura, Florianópolis, 2016. / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-20T04:07:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 341088.pdf: 2430828 bytes, checksum: b52328e85b5eee557c934a2b6b0733a3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016 / As expressões ?subúrbio carioca? e ?Lima Barreto? tornaram-se sinônimos para a literatura brasileira a partir do momento em que a obra do cronista e romancista passou a receber o devido reconhecimento, principalmente na forma de estudos acadêmicos tanto no Brasil como no exterior. Desconsiderando o fato de que a maioria dos textos de Lima retrata o centro da cidade, os cafés e suas figuras típicas daquele início de século, o sucesso de Clara dos Anjos e a ausência de outros testemunhos sobre as regiões periféricas à metrópole, tão vivos quanto os desse autor, talvez expliquem essa associação. Do outro lado da fronteira, o bairro periférico à Buenos Aires do início do século serviu de matéria-prima de boa parte da poesia para o argentino Evaristo Carriego, tido por seu maior difusor ? Jorge Luis Borges ? como ?el primer espectador de nuestros barrios pobres?. Porém, até agora, os estudos empreendidos sobre a representação do subúrbio na literatura, no que se refere especialmente ao autor brasileiro, levaram em conta uma visão urbana, geral, sem considerar as especificidades do bairro. A partir de uma proposição de Cruz (2009), que sugere como embasamento, para suprir essa lacuna, os estudos sobre o bairro de alguns historiadores da cidade, arquitetos, antropólogos e geógrafos, este trabalho encontrou, na perspectiva comparativista, um caminho original. Assim, por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e utilizando-se de uma seleção de textos que fosse representativa para uma imagem literária do bairro periférico, o estudo teve como objetivo analisar as representações do subúrbio na obra de cada uma dos autores para, como propósito principal, encontrar nos espaços representados traços de semelhança, principalmente levando-se em conta a condição periférica que ocupavam Brasil e Argentina em relação à modernidade. Apesar do mútuo desconhecimento entre os autores, a visão de mundo de ambos parece ser um dos fatores preponderantes para a caracterização de um subúrbio dinamizado, sobretudo, pelas personagens femininas. Como intelectuais orgânicos às classes representadas, em graus diferentes, é preciso apontar, Evaristo Carriego e Lima Barreto foram algumas das poucas vozes ?subalternas? a serem ouvidas num tempo em que as luzes, os cafés e o centro das metrópoles atraíam quase todos os olhares.<br> / Abstract : The terms "Rio de Janeiro suburb" and "Lima Barreto" have become synonyms for the Brazilian literature from the moment the work of the chronicler and novelist began to receive due recognition, especially in the form of academic studies both in Brazil and abroad. Disregarding the fact that most of Barreto's texts portray only downtown Rio, its cafes and its typical figures of that early century, the success of Clara dos Anjos and the absence of other witnesses on peripheral regions to the metropolis, as vivid as his are, may explain such association. Across the border, the suburb of Buenos Aires of the early century served as raw material for much of the Argentine Evaristo Carriego's poetry, considered by his biggest diffuser ? Jorge Luis Borges ? as ?el primer espectador de nuestros barrios pobres? ("the first audience of our poorest neighborhoods", my translation). However, the studies undertaken so far concerning the suburb portrayed in literature, specifically with regard to the Brazilian author, took into account a broad and urban overview, with no consideration as to the neighborhood's specificities. From a proposal made by Cruz (2009) ? which suggested, as basis to fill this gap, studies on the neighborhood of some historians of the city, architects, anthropologists, and geographers ?, this study has found, under a comparativist perspective, an original topic. Therefore, through bibliographical research and the use of a selection of texts that were representative of the suburb's literary image, this study aimed to analyze the depiction of suburbs in the work of each one of the authors in order to, as main objective, find similar traits in the places represented, especially taking into account that Brazil and Argentina occupied a peripheral condition in relation to modernity. Despite the mutual ignorance of one author towards the other, their worldviews seem to be one of the important factors for characterizing a suburb boosted mainly by female characters. As organic intellectuals, in different degrees, of the portrayed classes, it must be pointed out that Evaristo Carriego and Lima Barreto were some of the few ?subaltern? voices to be heard at a time when the lights, the cafes, and the center of the metropolis drawn almost all of the attention.

Recycling is an increasingly important part of waste management, as a measure to reduce the issues connected to the growing amount of waste in the world. An official recycling scheme has recently been implemented in the city of Buenos Aires in Argentina as a way to reduce the amount of waste that is being landfilled. The aim of this study is to assess the recycling system, using the holistic approach of Integrated Sustainable Waste Management (ISWM), and establish the main influencing factors and their correlated issues. The purpose of the study is to contribute to sustainability within the area of waste management and provide a basis that can be used for future research and suggestions. The methodology included a literature review and background research, field studies and data collection. The study includes the elements of waste generation, primary disposal, collection, treatment and final disposal. It was found that the main factors that are influencing the recycling system concern technological focus, misinterpreted drivers underlying the system, conflicts between stakeholders and a lack of systematicity and flexibility. The conclusion finds that the recycling system is still in its early stage, but in need of improvements and would benefit from the more holistic approach of Integrated Sustainable Waste Management.

Esta tesis tiene por objetivo general conocer el modo en que se configuran las emociones de los sujetos receptores de programas de transferencias condicionadas de ingreso (PTCI) en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires en relación con sus prácticas de consumo entre los años 2012 y 2016. Partiendo de concebir a las Políticas sociales como las formas en que el Estado percibe, organiza y articula los distintos modos de resolución de la cuestión social y su contribución con la reproducción del régimen de acumulación, se realizará un recorrido por las intervenciones sociales que han tenido lugar en la Ciudad hasta llegar a la consolidación de los PTCI implementados en dicho territorio: La asignación Universal Por Hijo y Ciudadanía Porteña. En pos de abordar la articulación entre políticas sociales, emociones y consumo y el modo en que los PTCI han ido configurando unas emociones y unas prácticas de consumo particulares en relación al lugar de destinataria, se utiliza una estrategia de indagación cualitativa, a partir del uso de entrevistas en profundidad. Como hallazgos principales podemos sostener que el consumo de las destinatarias se liga los modos aprehendidos de ser buena madre a la vez que se ciñen a lo descrito como útil, mínimo y necesario.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

According to our constitutional law (article 18) the legal process in court covers not only the right to prove the information that shows whether something is a fact or not; but also the right to have a fair hearing (article 14.1 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights) . The prosecuting lawyer and the defendant must try to prove the facts with evidence that will support their claims by all possible and legal means. And the judge who leads the trial will decide on the sentence with freedom and imparciality. In this research, we pretend to prove that the judge´s imparciality has been put at risk in Buenos Aires State since 1998, when the law that regulate the trial, was reformed.

La investigación se realizó en la cuenca del arroyo El Divisorio, el que desemboca en el embalse Paso de las Piedras, aportando el 20 % del agua y el 50 % de los contaminantes de origen natural que condicionan la calidad del recurso hídrico, cuando sus concentraciones superan los valores límites establecidos para el consumo humano. Este almacenamiento es utilizado para abastecer de agua potable a las ciudades de Bahía Blanca, Punta Alta e industrias allí radicadas, con una población de aproximadamente 400.000 habitantes. Un período de sequía regional, originó que el embalse se encuentre en la actualidad en situación de emergencia hídrica y además agravado por la proliferación de algas. Las principales actividades económicas realizadas en esta zona son las explotaciones ganaderas y agrícolas, que determinan una importante presencia de población rural residente y estable en el lugar, que hace uso del recurso. Utilizando las cartas del IGM e imágenes satelitales, se definieron los límites de la cuenca para el estudio geomorfológico, clasificación hidrológica de suelo y ubicación de los sitios de muestreos. La hidroquímica se detalló mediante mapas que indican la distribución espacial de las concentraciones de los elementos tóxicos encontrados para las distintas fechas de muestreos, confeccionados con el programa Software Surfer V.8, luego de los correspondientes análisis estadísticos (InfoStat). En el estudio hidrológico se analizaron estadísticamente los registros históricos de las precipitaciones, se construyeron las curvas IDF, hp-A-d e hietogramas de diseño y reales. Con el modelo HEC-HMS 3.3 se analizaron las relaciones precipitación-escurrimiento y por último se realizó el Balance hídrico de la cuenca. La hidrodinámica responde a los aportes de las precipitaciones en la cuenca superior y en el sector medio-inferior se concentran los escurrimientos superficiales, provocando rápidas ondas de crecidas hacia la desembocadura. La recarga hídrica se produce principalmente por los aportes de las precipitaciones en primavera-verano y las ocurrencias de eventos de 100 mm en periodos cortos, producirían notables aumentos en los escurrimientos superficiales que alterarían el ecosistema local. El incremento de dichos caudales depende principalmente de las condiciones de humedad del suelo y sobre todo de la duración del evento. Las precipitaciones durante el estudio tuvieron registros inferiores al promedio, con consecuencias en la hidrodinámica de la cuenca y una notable reducción del volumen de agua embalsada. Las aguas provenientes del escurrimiento superficial se cargan de elementos tóxicos de origen natural (As, F, V, B, Cd, Na PO4, HCO3 y N-NO3) a medida que la corriente va lavando el material rocoso en la cabecera y sedimentario en el resto de la cuenca, siguiendo la dirección del flujo. A diferencia, en las aguas subterráneas las mayores concentraciones de dichos elementos están distribuidas espacialmente en zonaciones heterogéneas, condicionadas por las variables geoquímicas locales. Las concentraciones de estos oligoelementos superan en muchos casos a los valores de referencia y su utilización prolongada en el tiempo compromete la salud de la comunidad rural, incluidas escuelas, cooperativas y otras instituciones radicadas en el ámbito de la cuenca. Por otra parte, debe considerarse los aportes tanto de flujo superficial como del subterráneo que la cuenca realiza al embalse Paso de las Piedras. / The research was carried out in the basin of El Divisorio stream, which flows into Paso de las Piedras reservoir, providing 20 % of water and 50 % of the natural contaminants that determine the quality of the water resource, a harmful situation when concentrations exceed established guideline values for human consumption. This storage is used to provide drinking water to the cities of Bahía Blanca and Punta Alta and their industries, with a population of approximately 400,000 inhabitants. A period of regional drought resulted in the current water emergency situation of the reservoir, compounded by algal blooms. The main economic activities in this area are agriculture and farming, which determine a strong presence of a residing and stable rural population, which uses this water resource. The boundaries of the basin for the geomorphological study, the soil hydrological classification and the location of sampling sites were defined using maps of the Instituto Geográfico Militar (Military Geographical Institute) and satellite images. Hydrochemical characteristics were described with maps that show the spatial distribution of concentrations of toxic elements found for the different sampling dates, using Surfer 8 software, after the corresponding statistical analysis (InfoStat). In the hydrological study, historical rainfall records were statistically analyzed; IDF (intensity-duration-frequency) curves and DAD (depth-area-duration) curves as well as design and real hyetographs were constructed. Relationships between rainfall and run-off were analysed with HEC-HMS 3.3 models and, finally, water balance for the basin was calculated. Hydrodynamics are affected by rainfall contributions in the upper basin; surface run-off is concentrated in the middle-lower sector, causing rapid flood waves towards the mouth. Water recharge occurs mainly as a result of spring-summer rainfall contributions; 100 mm-events in short periods might cause significant increases in surface run-offs altering the local ecosystem. The increase in volume of flow depends mainly on soil moisture conditions and, above all, on event duration. Rainfall recorded during the study was less than average, thus affecting the hydrodynamics of the basin and significantly reducing the water volume collected in the reservoir. Natural contaminants (As, F, V, B, Cd, Na PO4, HCO3 and N-NO3) are added to surface run-off water as the current erodes the rock material at the headwaters and the sedimentary material in the rest of the basin, following the direction of the flow. Conversely, the highest concentrations of the said elements in groundwater show a heterogeneous spatial distribution, determined by local geochemical variables. Concentrations of these trace elements in many cases exceed reference guideline values and long-term exposure to them threatens the health of the rural population, including schools, cooperatives and other institutions located in the area of the basin. On the other hand, contributions from both surface and groundwater flow in the basin to Paso de las Piedras reservoir should be considered.

Los carnívoros (Carnivora, Mammalia) cumplen un rol fundamental en los ecosistemas que habitan y son especialmente susceptibles a las perturbaciones antrópicas. El objetivo de esta tesis fue estudiar aspectos ecológicos de las cuatro especies de carnívoros más comunes presentes en el Espinal del sudoeste bonaerense, Conepatus chinga, Leopardus geoffroyi, Pseudalopex gymnocercus y Puma concolor, con un enfoque a escala de paisaje (27.300 km2) y con particular atención a los efectos de las alteraciones antrópicas que están afectando intensamente los ambientes naturales de esta región. Se realizaron campañas de trampeo fotográfico, entre enero y marzo de 2011, 2012 y 2013, cubriendo un total de 49 sitios de muestreo y completando un esfuerzo de muestreo de 7054 días-trampa. Se caracterizó cada sitio utilizando 12 variables relacionadas con el grado de perturbación antrópica, la composición del paisaje y su nivel de fragmentación. Mediante un Análisis de Componentes Principales se crearon cuatro gradientes ambientales teóricos y se estudió su influencia sobre el uso del espacio de las especies. Se obtuvieron 858 eventos (74 eventos de C. chinga, 546 de P. gymnocercus, 193 de L. geoffroyi y 45 de P. concolor). Los resultados de un análisis basado en Modelos Lineales Generalizados indicaron que el gradiente descriptivo de áreas más alejadas de los asentamientos urbanos y menos antropizadas fue el que más influencia tuvo sobre los carnívoros. Las variaciones en la respuesta combinada a los diferentes gradientes ambientales por las cuatro especies sugieren la presencia de una segregación de nicho en el uso del hábitat. Leopardus geoffroyi fue la única especie cuya presencia se asoció significativamente a los cuatro gradientes y con una respuesta positiva tanto hacia sitios antropizados como hacia aquellos fragmentados, posiblemente a causa de la baja presión de caza que sufre. Puma concolor mostró una preferencia hacia los ambientes con menor proporción de cultivos y más conservados, aun cuando utilizó también ambientes con valores intermedios de fragmentación. Para C. chinga y P. gymnocercus se encontró una mayor flexibilidad en el uso del espacio que en las otras dos especies. Para estudiar el potencial efecto de la competencia intragremial, se analizaron mediante modelos de ocupación la coocurrencia entre las especies y el solapamiento en sus patrones de actividad. El mayor solapamiento espacio-temporal ocurrió entre L. geoffroyi y P. gymnocercus y el menor para P. concolor y C. chinga. Puma concolor, el depredador tope de esta región, coocurrió con el resto de las especies en una proporción relativamente baja de los sitios, sugiriendo cierto efecto de exclusión por parte de P. concolor. La presencia de P. gymnocercus tuvo un efecto negativo sobre la probabilidad de ocupación de C. chinga. Los resultados sugieren que los patrones de superposición espacio-temporal estarían fuertemente afectados por factores diferentes a la presencia de otros carnívoros principalmente por el nicho trófico y la presión antrópica. Se modeló el nicho de P. concolor y se construyó un mapa de hábitat idóneo para la región. Se utilizaron datos provenientes de diferentes fuentes (trampeo fotográfico, encuestas, signos de presencia y animales muertos) y un análisis factorial general del sistema nicho-ambiente (GNESFA). Las áreas más adecuadas para la especie fueron aquellas alejadas de los cultivos y de los asentamientos urbanos y con mayor proporción de pastizales con arbustos, representando solo un 16,3% del área de estudio. La distancia a la ruta y a los parches de monte fueron las variables que más influyeron en la estrechez de su nicho indicando una baja tolerancia a cambios en estos factores. El nicho de P. concolor en esta región parece indicativo de un compromiso ecológico (trade-off) entre la disponibilidad de presas y la necesidad de áreas con suficiente cobertura vegetal que aseguren refugio de la presión de caza. Se concluye que en el Espinal bonaerense el grado de modificación antrópica del ambiente tiene una fuerte influencia sobre los carnívoros y que existiría cierta segregación interespecífica en la dimensión de uso de hábitat. La competencia intragremial podría tener una influencia importante en este sentido; sin embargo, es necesario considerar el efecto de otros factores, como los hábitos alimenticios y la persecución por parte del hombre. / Carnivores (Carnivora, Mammalia) play a fundamental role in the ecosystems where they live and are particularly affected by human-driven habitat loss and disturbance. The main objective of this thesis was to study different ecological aspects of the four most common carnivore species in the southernmost part of the Buenos Aires province, Argentina, with a landscape-scale approach (27300 km2) and with particular attention to the effects of the anthropogenic disturbance processes that are affecting the natural habitats of this region. Camera trapping surveys were carried out between January and March in 2011, 2012, and 2013, deploying a total of 49 sampling sites and reaching a sampling effort of 7054 trap-days. The landscape surrounding each site was characterized by 12 variables related with habitat composition and the level of human disturbance and fragmentation. Four theoretical landscape gradients were created through a Principal Component Analysis and their influence on the habitat use by the species was studied. I recorded 858 events (74 events for Conepatus chinga, 546 for Pseudalopex gymnocercus, 193 for Leopardus geoffroyi y 45 for Puma concolor). The results obtained using Generalized Linear Models showed that the gradient describing sites located far from urban settlements and with low levels of disturbance had the strongest influence on carnivore presence. The variations in the combined responses to the landscape gradients by the four species suggest the existence of niche segregation in the use of habitat. L. geoffroyi was the only species the presence of which was significantly associated to the four gradients and with a positive response to modified habitats, probably due to the low level of persecution by men. Puma concolor showed a preference towards the areas with lower proportions of cropland and more preserved, even though it used sites with an intermediate level of fragmentation as well. A greater flexibility in the use of the space was found for C. chinga and P gymnocercus. Using a site-occupancy modeling approach, the co-occurrence of the four carnivores and the overlap in their daily activity pattern were studied in order to assess the possible effect of the intraguild competition. The highest level of spatio-temporal overlap was between L. geoffroyi and P. gymnocercus and the lowest between P. concolor and C. chinga. Puma concolor co-occurred with the rest of the species in a relatively lower proportion of sites, suggesting a segregation effect. The presence of P. gymnocercus had a negative effect on the occurrence probability of C. chinga. These results suggest that the patterns of spatio-temporal overlap would be strongly influenced by other factors, such as the food habits of carnivores and human pressures. The ecological niche of P. concolor was modeled and a habitat suitability map was created using data from different sources (camera trapping, interviews to local people, signs of presence and dead individuals) and a general niche-environment system factor analysis (GNESFA). The most suitable areas to P. concolor were those away from croplands and from human settlements and with higher proportions of grassland with bushes, representing only 16.3 % of the study area. Distance to main roads and to woodland patches were the variables that showed the strongest effect on the niche narrowness of P. concolor, suggesting a low tolerance to changes in these factors. The ecological niche of P. concolor in this region seemed to be the result of a trade-off between the availability of prey and the necessity of areas with vegetation sufficiently dense to provide shelter from human persecution. The mayor conclusions of this work were that the level of human-driven habitat disturbance has a strong effect on the ecology of carnivores in the southernmost part of the Espinal region and that some degree of interspecific segregation in the habitat use dimension occurs. Although intraguild competition could have an important effect on this segregation pattern, it is necessary to consider other factors, particularly species-specific food habits and anthropogenic pressures.

Durante los años 2007 a 2009, el Sur Bonaerense fue afectado por un fuerte déficit hídrico que causó importantes cambios en el paisaje, entre los que se registró un importante aumento de la presencia de la maleza Baccharis ulicina (Asteraceae) o ―yerba de la oveja‖ en los pastizales de la región. Baccharis ulicina es un sub-arbusto perenne, dioico, no consumido por el ganado, con hojas pinnatisectas, cuyos frutos son cipselas de dispersión anemócora. La presente tesis abarca el estudio del crecimiento (a), la capacidad reproductiva (b), los factores que afectan la germinación de semillas (c), el potencial alelopático (d) y posibles herramientas de manejo (e) de la especie. Respecto al crecimiento (a) de B. ulicina, se determinó que el mayor gasto proporcional de recursos para generar hojas ocurre previo al invierno y en primavera; mientras que, la producción más importante de tallos se estableció a principios de primavera y la de raíces en otoño. En cuanto a la fecundidad de B. ulicina (b) se registró una duración del ciclo de producción de capítulos de entre 13 y 17 semanas, observándose en uno de los años estudiados un pico máximo a principios de febrero, en tanto que en el segundo año se concentró en el mes de marzo. Una planta produce entre 904 y 1.308 capítulos por año. Cada capítulo registró una media de 24 semillas. La emergencia de plántulas ocurre totalmente en unos pocos días posteriores a la incorporación de las semillas al suelo, con valores entre 6 y 11% en los meses de marzo-abril. La germinación de las semillas fue superior al 85% entre los 10 y 28°C y bajo cualquier régimen de luz. B. ulicina evidenció una gran capacidad adaptativa en cuanto a las condiciones de germinación (c). Se registraron casos de germinación hasta -1 Mpa de potencial osmótico y en concentraciones salinas de hasta 320 mM de NaCl. Respecto al potencial alelopático de B. ulicina (d) se observaron efectos fitotóxicos de extractos de tejidos de la maleza sobre la germinación de las especies cultivadas Avena sativa, Lolium perenne y Raphanus sativus. Entre las evaluaciones realizadas con dichos extractos sobre especies nativas, Nassella tenuis demostró una gran sensibilidad en su germinación, mientras que Nassella clarazii no registró efecto alguno. Además, la totalidad de las especies citadas vio afectada su porcentaje de establecimiento al ser expuestas a dichas soluciones. Entre las herramientas de manejo evaluadas (e), no se registró muerte de plantas en los ensayos de quema controlada y control mecánico. Sin embargo, el control químico mostró evidencias de ser una herramienta de control eficiente, donde aplicaciones de 2.430 g de e.a.ha-1 de glifosato alcanzaron controles superiores al 95% en tres estadios fenológicos evaluados. Evaluaciones de combinaciones de subdosis de glifosato y 2,4-D lograron controles de hasta 77%. Los objetivos planteados en la presente tesis permitieron generar importante información novedosa sobre la biología de B. ulicina, así como aproximaciones para su manejo. / During years 2007-2009, the South of Buenos Aires has been affected by a strong hydric deficit which generated enormous changes in the landscape, including a significant increase in the presence of Baccharis ulicina (Asteraceae) or "Yerba de la Oveja" in regional grasslands. Baccharis ulicina is a small perenne sub-shrub, diocious, non-palatable by cattle, with pinnatisect leaves and fruits denominated cypselae adapted to wind dispersion. This thesis involve the growth study (a), reproduction capacity (b), factors affecting seed germination (c), potential allelopathic effects (d) and feasible weed management (e) of the species. Growth of B. ulicina (a) registered that the largest proportional spending resources to produce leaves was before the winter and in spring, while the largest stem production was in early spring and root in fall. Reproduction capacity of B. ulicina (b) throughout the cycle of capitulum production ranged from 13 and 17 weeks, with a peak in early February and March for the first and second years, respectively. One plant produced between 904 and 1,308 capitulum per year. Each capitulum recorded an average of 24 seeds. Seedling emergence occurred exclusively within a few days after the incorporation of seeds in the ground, with values between 6 and 11% in the months of March-April. Baccharis ulicina displayed a great adaptive capacity in terms of germination conditions (c). Seed germination was above 85% between 10 and 28C of temperature and under any light regime. Germination cases were reported up to -1 MPa osmotic potential and up to 320 mM concentrations of NaCl. Regarding to allelophatic potential of B. ulicina (d) phytotoxic effects of weed tissue extracts was detected on the germination of cultivated species Avena sativa, Lolium perenne and Raphanus sativus. About native species, while Nassella tenuis showed great sensitivity in germination, Nassella clarazzi not registered any effects. Moreover, establishment percentage was affected in all species when exposed to such solutions. Among the evaluated management tools (e), trials of mechanical control and burning not produced plants death. However, chemical control showed efficient control, where applications of 2,430 g ea Ha-1 of glyphosate reached 95% of control in three phenological stages evaluated. Evaluations of sub-dose combinations of glyphosate and 2,4-D achieved controls up to 77%. The proposed objectives in this thesis allow achieving important new information on the biology of B. ulicina and approaches for its management.

La presente tesis doctoral aborda el estudio de las variables físico-naturales y antropogénicas que gobiernan la dinámica hidrográfica de la cuenca del arroyo Sauce Corto y sus implicancias en los procesos de inundaciones y anegamientos. El área de estudio se localiza en el suroeste de la provincia de Buenos Aires, con sus cabeceras en la vertiente nororiental del Sistema de Ventania y su nivel de base en las lagunas Inchauspe y de Juancho. Se estudiaron las características climáticas a través de los principales elementos que las definen: temperatura, viento y precipitaciones. En este último caso se profundizó en las variaciones en el tiempo y en el espacio a diversas escalas temporales. Se analizaron índices de anomalías de precipitación que permitieron identificar y caracterizar según duración e intensidad períodos secos y húmedos. Se obtuvieron y analizaron datos de caudal conjuntamente con las precipitaciones que posibilitaron identificar el régimen pluvial de alimentación del arroyo Sauce Corto. Se realizó un análisis morfométrico detallado de las principales subcuencas que conforman la cuenca alta del arroyo Sauce Corto a fin de identificar comportamientos diferenciales respecto de la potencialidad para generar crecidas. Se analizó la peligrosidad de cada subcuenca y de la cuenca alta en su conjunto. Se identificaron las principales obras de arte ejecutadas en la cuenca y su influencia en la dinámica hidrográfica. Se abordó el estudio de eventos históricos de inundación y anegamiento mediante la aplicación de imágenes satelitales. Se definieron zonas afectadas por dichos procesos. Mediante el desarrollo del estudio se pudo comprobar que las subcuencas con mayor peligrosidad son Cerro 832, Nacimiento Oeste, Nacimiento Este. No obstante ello, se comprobó también que los mayores efectos adversos para la población y sus actividades se deben a la peligrosidad de la cuenca alta en su conjunto. Por esta razón, las crecidas que afectan a la cuenca alta y media del arroyo Sauce Corto se deben controlar mediante obras de retención y almacenamiento de acuerdo a la dinámica de cada subcuenca. / This doctoral thesis studies the natural-physical and anthropogenic factors that govern hydrographic dynamic of the Sauce Corto basin and their implication in the processes of flooding and waterlogging. The study area is located in the southwest of the Buenos Aires province, its headwaters are in the north-east side of the Ventania System and its base level in the Inchauspe.and Juancho lagoons. Climatic characteristics were studied through the main elements that define them: temperature, wind and rainfall. In the last case, the analysis was focused on the temporal and spatial variations at different time scales. Precipitation anomalies indices were analyzed and these results helped identify and characterize the duration and intensity of the dry and wet periods. Discharge measures were obtained and analyzed as well as rainfall amouns which allowed to identify the Sauce Corto basin ́s water regime is controlled by rainfalls It was executed a detailed morphometric analysis of the major sub-basins of the Sauce Corto upper basin in order to identify differential behaviors regarding to its potential of flooding. The dangerousness of each sub-basin and as well as the upper basin was analyzed. The major works of art executed in the basin and its influence on its dynamics basin were identified. The study of flood and waterlogging historical events was made by applying satellite images. Affected areas by these processes were defined as well. Through the development of the study it was found that the most hazardous sub-basins are: Cerro 832, Nacimiento Oeste and Nacimiento Este. Nevertheless, it was also found that the most important harm to population and its activities is due to the dangerousness of the upper basin as a whole. For this reason, the floods that affects upper and middle basin of the Sauce Corto creek should be controlled by retention and storage constructions according to the dynamics of each sub-basin.