Dataskyddsförordningen GDPR infördes med syfte om att ge privatpersoner större kontroll över sina personuppgifter genom ett flertal rättigheter. Dessa rättigheter är viktiga för privatpersoner att känna till för att kunna uppnå syftet med GDPR. GDPR har även stärkt kraven för hur organisationer ska behandla personuppgifter och har på så sätt givit personer större kontroll över vem som har rätt att behandla deras uppgifter och till vilket ändamål. Men hur ser privatpersoner egentligen på förordningen och dess förmåga att skydda deras personliga integritet? Uppsatsen har som syfte att ta reda på hur privatpersoner ser på GDPR och dess förmåga att skydda deras personliga integritet, därav har en enkät utformats för att samla in data. Insamlade data ger en djupare förståelse om hur personerna utnyttjar sina rättigheter och om det finns faktorer som påverkar deras användande. Från enkätundersökningen har det framkommit att införandet av GDPR inte har lett till att personer i allmänhet känner sig tryggare när de delar personlig information digitalt. Uppsatsen visar dock att kunskap om förordningen verkar vara en viktig faktor både när det gäller att aktivt utnyttja förordningens rättigheter och när det gäller att känna sig tryggare vid delning av personuppgifter. Det verkar dock som att förordningen inte har förmått personer att i högre grad ta kontroll i situationer när de delar med sig av information. Personerna fortsätter att inte läsa användarvillkor och informationen i cookiedialoger och väljer att använda tjänster även om de är osäkra på hur deras personuppgifter behandlas.

This bachelor’s thesis aims to explore how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected users of the public libraries in Sweden and whether the pandemic has influenced their perception of the library’s activities. The user perspective was lacking in previous studies on the subject within Library and Information science. This study has the goal of contributing to the previously overlooked perspective of the users and their opinions of the library during the pandemic. COVID-19 has quickly led to major changes in society and has posed new challenges for libraries. Previous studies show that libraries can be an important resource for society in times of crisis, but it is necessary that libraries are seen as valuable and trustworthy public entities. The study uses the concept of legitimacy to gain a deeper understanding of how the pandemic has affected the users and their perception of public libraries. This empirical study was collected through semi- structured interviews with eight regular public library users. The empirical data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Study participants were affected when their libraries closed down. Few used the libraries’ adapted or digital services during this period. The study found that the participants saw a great deal of value utilising the library’s premises, in order to meet their needs, while also emphasising the symbolic role the library has in a society. Even if the pandemic has had varying consequences affecting user’s needs, it has not negatively impacted their perception of the library as a valuable pillar in the community.

In 2016 a new space for younger children opened at Malmö public library called Kanini. Kanini builds on a vision of the future library for children where flexibility, offers of new experiences and children’s participation will characterize the library space and activities. As some of the children are very young, a large group users are adults. The aim of this master’s study is to examine a) how adults use the new children’s library in relation to the intentions expressed in Kanini’s steering documents and, b) adult conceptions of Kanini. In an ethnographic approach participant observations have been carried out at Kanini as well as an analysis of Kanini’s steering documents. The theoretical framework is based on the Four Space Model constructed by Henrik Jochumsen, Casper Hvenegaard Ramsussen and Dorte Skot-Hansen, together with a model of children’s participation developed by Barbro Johansson and Frances Hultgren as well as the concept of mothering developed by Sara Ruddick. The analysis of the material shows that adults in the main use Kanini as intended according to the documentation i.e. in new and creative ways. At the same time, adults tend to have traditional ideas of what a children’s library is and how to use it. There would seem to be a contradiction in perceptions of the children’s library and how it is actually used. Conclusions include that the vision of the future children’s library may take some time to replace traditional expectations.

Denna rapport representerar masterprojektet som utförs av Wei Bai och Emma Styf, och skrevs av den förra. Projektet genomfördes med Volvo GTT Ergonomics avdelning (Volvo Group Trucks Technology).Med fokus på kommunikationen mellan lastbilsförare och andra trafikanter genomfördes användarstudier. 8 lastbilschaufförer observerades under arbetet och intervjuades om deras åsikter om andra trafikanter och nuvarande kommunikationsförhållanden. En undersökning skickades ut och fick 63 svar från bilförare, motorcyklister, cyklister och fotgängare. Genom att kombinera analysen av samrisker och undersökningen fastställdes den fokuserade kritiska situationen vid korsningen i stadstrafik, där kommunikationsbehovet främst ligger mellan lastbilföraren och sårbara trafikanter.Några av de anställda i Volvo GTT introducerades i konceptutvecklingsfasen i form av verkstad och användarutvärdering, för att hjälpa till med konceptgenerering och testning av designelement.De slutliga koncepten är två system som arbetar tillsammans på ett visuellt sätt, vilket förbättrar kommunikationen när sårbara trafikanter korsar vägen och när lastbilen vänder.Koncept A fungerar när lastbilen närmar sig ett korsning med fotgängare som väntar på att korsa. Truckens hastighetsstatus visas av LED-matrisen i frontgallret. När trucken har stoppats har lastbilschauffören möjlighet att sätta på en projicering av zebraövergången framåt för att låta fotgängarpasset. Projektionen är utformad för att vara interaktiv när det kommer fordon på andra sidan.Concept B arbetar för en lastbil som vrider höger. Ett projektionsområde på marken påminner andra trafikanter för att hålla säkert avstånd. Föraren får också uppstart och ljudsignaler om förekomsten av andra trafikanter. Trucken stannar automatiskt när en annan trafikanvändare är för nära. / This report represents the master thesis project conducted by Wei Bai and Emma Styf, and was written by the former. The project was conducted with the Ergonomics Department of Volvo GTT (Volvo Group Trucks Technology).With the focus on the communication between truck drivers and other road users, user studies were implemented. 8 truck drivers were observed during work and interviewed about their opinions on other road users and the current communication condition. A survey was sent out and got 63 responses from car drivers, motorcyclists, cyclists and pedestrians. Combining the analysis of co-rides and the survey, the focused critical situation was set at the intersection in urban traffic, in which the communication needs mainly lie between the truck driver and vulnerable road users.A few of employees in Volvo GTT were introduced in the phase of concept development in the forms of workshop and user evaluation, to help with the concept generation and design elements testing.The final concepts are two systems working cooperatively in a visual way, enhancing the communication when vulnerable road users are crossing the road and when the truck is turning.Concept A works when the truck is approaching an intersection with pedestrians waiting to cross. The speed status of the truck is shown by LED matrix in the front grille. Once the truck is stopped, the truck driver has the option to turn on a projection of zebra crossing to the front to let the pedestrian pass. The projection is designed to be interactive when there are vehicles coming on the other side.Concept B works for a truck turning right. A projection area on the ground reminds other road users to keep safe distance. The driver also gets head-up displayed and audio signals about the occurrence of other road users. The truck automatically stops when another road user has got too close.

Participatory models for public libraries, such as the presence of performative spaces, are growing increasingly common. The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to investigate why library users participate in such practices, and how they perceive the legitimacy of participatory library models that position the user as an active participant or co-producer. The empirical material consists of seven semi-structured interviews with adult library users with experience of library activities oriented towards creative practices, conducted at three Swedish public libraries. The material has undergone qualitative content analysis through the lens of cultural-historical activity theory. Findings show that participants use library resources such as workshop equipment in order to perform creative practices, try new activities, socialize, and to produce tangible or digital products. The participants express that tools, staff and co-users enable them to accomplish certain outcomes connected to new or previously established creative practices. Further, they value that resources for creating are made available to everyone, regardless of socio-economic status, and express that performative library spaces add to the well-being of the community. Finally, personal factors such as lack of energy or time reduce readiness to contribute to the library as a co-producer, while friendly staff encourage user engagement in library programs. For library managers, it is important to keep in mind that not everyone has the opportunity to take part in shaping library services when models for user-participation are being implemented.

This study aims to research the user perspective on interactions between authors, readers and the tagging system on the fanwork website Archive of Our Own. To answer the research questions a survey was made and sent out to users of the website via Tumblr and Reddit. In total 97 answers were received. The survey results and subsequent analysis showed us that users have similar preferences and opinions on tag usage, but have some differing opinions on the restrictions of the tag system and its affordances, as well as different views on other users’ tagging behaviors depending on if they are readers or authors. Much of the analysis stays consistent with the results of previous studies and suggestions for future research are given as a result of our own conclusions.

One of Husqvarna AB's largest customer segments is Green Space Professionals (GSP). Being aGSP means taking care of a large variety of green areas such as golf courses, parks, and footballpitches. The diversity within the GSP profession makes it very important to adapt the productsto many types of people by involving the end user as much as possible in the productdevelopment process.The first part during the study has been to define usability based on theory and how this can beapplied to the current fastening device. The end user was involved in order to obtain a deeperunderstanding of areas of potential improvement that exist within the current fastening deviceand the consequences of these. A literature study was conducted with the aim of setting up atheoretical framework on human interaction with products. It became clear that the currentfastening device lacks features that satisfies certain aspects of usability. The connectionbetween the user and the theoretical framework contributed to a set of functional requirementswhich could be compiled into two important factors.The second part of the study was to apply these factors in a concept. The development of theconcept was carried out with classic tools for development of concepts and prototypes, whichinclude elements such as idea generation, screening, and prototype development.The third part was to evaluate how well the factors were applied through the concept andwhether these factors increased the usability of the concept.After the interview results were linked to the theory, it could be concluded that the twoimportant factors that needed to be improved, Time consumption and Response. A conceptwhich involves the developed factors and is based on the principle "quick release" wasdeveloped. With a complete concept and with the factors in mind, a user study was designedwith the intention of evaluating these factors and the usability in general based on thetheoretical framework. The user study consisted of four sub-parts, a visual test, a blind test, atime test, and a questionnaire. The results from the tests showed that a significant differencewas achieved regarding the two factors. This was further confirmed by the results from thesurvey, where it was clear that the participants also experienced the new concept as faster,smoother, and easier to understand.With the documentation presented, it can be stated that a change in line with what has beenproduced in this work, would with most certainty improve the usability of the fastening device.Keywords: Usability, UX-design, User experience, User study, User involvement, DoubleDiamond, Triangulation

Online social networks are a natural part of the lives of today’s western youth. Media and information literacy is a central part of research in Library and Information science and until now there has always been more focus on these subjects in a learning context rather than in an every day life context. The aim of this study is to further examine how adolescent boys value and trust the information they receive via Twitter in their personal lives, and how this effects their view of their environment. The study was done with a qualitative method, where we conducted interviews with six boys who were all born in 1997. The results showed that they knew how to react critically to information on Twitter. Although none of the participants valued information on Twitter too seriously, they did feel that it kept them more updated than if they had not been using the social network.

The term “deepfakes” refers to media content that has been manipulated using deep learning. This thesis project seeks to answer the question of how well humans are able to detect deepfakes. In particular, the project compares people’s ability to detect deepfakes between two different deepfake categories; face swap and lip sync. In order to achieve this, a perceptual user test was performed, in which 30 participants were given a number of lip sync, face swap and unaltered videos and were asked to classify which of them were unaltered and which of them were manipulated using deepfake technology. These results serve to fill in the gap in knowledge regarding perceptual user tests on deepfakes, for which only a small amount of research has been made. The results also serve to shed light on which types of deepfakes pose the biggest threat regarding the problem of malicious impersonation. The main conclusion from this study was that lip sync is likely harder for humans to detect than face swap. The percentage of correct classifications of lip sync videos was 52.7%, and the percentage of correct classifications of face swap videos was 91.3%. / Deepfakes är videor som har blivit manipulerade med hjälp av deep learning. Detta examensarbete utforskar huvudsakligen två olika kategorier av deepfakes, dessa två är: face swap och lip sync. Syftet med projektet är att svara på frågan: Hur bra är människor på att se om en video innehåller deepfakes eller inte? Dessutom ställs frågan: Vilken typ av deepfake mellan face swap och lip sync är svårare för människor att märka av? För att svara på dessa frågor genomfördes en användarsudie där 30 deltagare fick titta på ett antal lip sync, face swap och icke-manipulerade videor, och fick sedan försöka avgöra vilka av dom som var manipulerade och vilka som inte var manipulerade. Resultaten från den här studien hjälper till att fylla kunskapsklyftan som finns angående människors förmåga att upptäcka deepfakes, där bara en väldigt begränsad mängd studier finns. Resulaten kan också användas för att peka ut på vilka typer av deepfakes som utgör större hot angående lurendrejeri. Slutsatsen från studien var att lip sync är troligtvis svårare för människor att märka av än face swap, eller åtminstone för datasetet FakeAVCeleb. Andelen korrekta gissningar för lip sync videorna i studien var 52.7%, medan andelen korrekta gissningar för face swap var 91.3%.

Drones or unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have become increasingly important in recent years. They are essential in many areas, such as crop monitoring and delivering critical medicine to hard-to-reach areas. This thesis delves into the often-overlooked aspect of failures within the multidisciplinary Human Drone Interactions (HDI) field. Specifically, it examines how these failures correlate with two dependent variables: trust and risk-taking. Despite the importance of understanding failures in HDI for its wider acceptance and integration, there is an evident gap in research on this topic, highlighting the importance of this work. Previous studies indicate that trust in emerging technologies is pivotal in their adoption. To investigate the correlations in question, a user study was conducted in which participants operated a drone within a confined space, navigating an obstacle course for a monetary reward. The experiment was divided into two trial blocks. Specific failures were simulated during one of the trial blocks, the failure trial block. The nonfailure trial block included no simulated failures. Participants were subject to both trial blocks in randomized orders. Subsequently, participants were surveyed on trust and risk aversion. Our findings revealed a statistically significant correlation between HDI failures and diminished trust. However, no discernible connection between HDI failures and risk-taking was observed. The results are interesting as they suggest that failures could cause lower trust in drones. / Drönare har blivit allt mer framträdande under de senaste åren. De är väsentliga inom flertalet områden, bland annat inom övervakning av jordbruksfält och medicinleveranser till svåråtkomliga platser. Detta examensarbete behandlar ämnet misslyckanden inom det tvärvetenskapliga området människodrönarinteraktioner. I detta examensarbete undersöks om misslyckanden inom människodrönarinteraktioner korrelerar med tillit och risktagande. Tidigare studier indikerar att tillit för nya tekniker kan vara avgörande för deras acceptans. För att undersöka misslyckanden inom människodrönarinteraktioner genomfördes en användarstudie där deltagarna manövrerade en drönare inom ett avgränsat utrymme, och navigerade genom en hinderbana där deltagarna kunde vinna en monetär belöning. Experimentet delades in i två provblock. Specifika misslyckanden simulerades under ett av provblocken, som var felprovblocket. Icke-felprovblocket innehöll inga simulerade fel. Deltagarna utsattes för båda provblocken i slumpmässig ordning. Därefter tillfrågades deltagarna om tillit och riskaversion i enkäter. Våra resultat visade en statistisk signifikans på korrelation mellan misslyckanden och minskat förtroende. Det observerades ingen korrelation mellan misslyckanden och risktagande. Resultaten är intressanta eftersom de antyder att misslyckanden kan orsaka lägre förtroende för drönare.