O Brasil é um grande produtor e consumidor de café. A bebida é a segunda mais consumida no país. O café solúvel é uma alternativa para o consumo diário visto que dispensa todo aparato de preparo da bebida, sendo necessária apenas água quente. O tamanho de partícula seca está diretamente ligado à densidade aparente do produto. Foram realizados testes de secagem de extrato de café em spray-dryer com atomização por disco rotativo e fluxo co-corrente variando-se a temperatura do ar de entrada (140 - 170 °C) e rotação do disco atomizador (27000 - 33000 rpm). A análise de tamanho de partícula mostrou tendência de partículas maiores quanto menor a temperatura de secagem (26 - 36 µm). Notou-se a influência tanto da temperatura quanto da rotação do disco atomizador na análise da atividade de água. A densidade aparente não se mostrou significativamente alterada pelos parâmetros estudados nos experimentos. / Brazil is a big producer and consumer of coffee. The drink is the second most consumed in the country. Instant coffee is an alternative for daily consumption since it dispenses with all the apparatuses for preparing the drink, being necessary only hot water. The dry particle size is directly related to the bulk density of the product. Coffee extract drying tests were made in a co-current flow spray-dryer with atomization by disc with a varying inlet air temperature (140 - 170 °C) and disc velocity (27000 - 33000 rpm). The particle size analysis has shown the tendency for bigger particles to form at lower drying temperatures (26 - 36 µm). The influence of inlet air temperature and the atomizer disc spin velocity were noted in water activity analysis. The bulk density was not significantly modified by the parameters studied in the experiments.

A azitromicina é um antibiótico da classe dos macrolídeos utilizado principalmente no tratamento de infecções de pele e do trato respiratório. Suas propriedades farmacocinéticas lhe conferem ampla distribuição e acumulação tecidual. Devido à sua baixa biodisponibilidade (37%) e instabilidade ao pH ácido, foram investigadas alternativas para o desenvolvimento de microparticulados com propriedade gastro-resistente para aplicação em diferentes formas farmacêuticas. As micropartículas de azitromicina foram obtidas pela técnica de secagem por pulverização (spray-drying) com o polímero pH-dependente Eudragit® L30-D55 e trietilcitrato como plastificante. O desenvolvimento experimental seguiu um planejamento fatorial tipo Box-Behnken de quatro variáveis em três níveis. As micropartículas foram caracterizadas pela densidade aparente, densidade compactada, fator de Hausner, índice de Carr, ângulo de repouso e cromatografia líquida. O processo de secagem foi avaliado pelo rendimento e recuperação da azitromicina. A partir das características físicas do microparticulado e o rendimento do processo foram escolhidas três micropartículas para avaliação mais detalhada, contendo 15, 30 e 45% de polímero de revestimento sobre a concentração de azitromicina dihidrato. Estas foram avaliadas por difração de raios-X, calorimetria, infra-vermelho, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e teste de dissolução. Os fatores que mais influenciaram o processo de secagem e obtenção das micropartículas foram a concentração de Eudragit® L30D-55 e a temperatura do ar de secagem, sendo que, quanto menor a concentração de polímero e maior a temperatura de secagem melhores foram os rendimentos do processo. A recuperação da azitromicina para todas as micropartículas foram superiores a 80%. As micropartículas apresentaram baixa densidade aparente, porém com propriedades de fluxo que variaram de bom a excelente na maioria das condições de preparação. As avaliações por calorimetria e difração de raios-X sugerem que a azitromicina está encapsulada. Isto pode ser confirmado por meio das imagens da microscopia eletrônica de varredura que revelaram estruturas esféricas e uniformes. As micropartículas com maiores concentrações de polímero apresentaram as melhores características com proteção gástrica, acima de 50%, e são candidatas promissoras para o desenvolvimento de formas farmacêuticas sólidas orais gastro-resistentes contendo azitromicina. / The azithromycin is an antibiotic of the macrolide class used in cutaneous and respiratory infections treatments. Its pharmacokinetics properties confer a large cell distribution and accumulation in tissues. Due to its small bioavailability (37%) and acid pH instability, alternatives to the development of gastric-resistance microparticles to be uses in different pharmaceuticals forms were investigated. Azithromycin microparticles were obtained through spray-drying technique with the pH-dependent polymer Eudragit® L30-D55 and triethyl citrate as plasticizer. The experimental development followed a factorial planning Box-Behnken with four factors in three levels. The microparticles were characterized by bulk density, tapped density, Hausner ratio, Carr index, repose angle and HPLC. The drying process was evaluated by azithromycin yield and recover. From the microparticles physics parameters and the process yield, three samples were chosen to be better evaluated. The samples contained 15, 30 and 45% of coat polymer over azithromycin dehydrate. They were evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), calorimetry, infrared, surface electronic microscopy (SEM) and dissolution assay. The factors that most affected the drying process and the microparticles development were Eudragit® L30D-55 concentration and drying air temperature, and lower was the polymer amount and higher was the drying air temperature, better was the process yield. The azithromycin recover for all microparticles were superior to 80%. The microparticles presented low bulk density, but good flow properties for the great part of the samples. The calorimetry and the XRPD evaluations suggest that azithromycin is encapsulated, what can be confirmed through SEM pictures, which showed uniform and spherical structures. The microparticles with higher polymers concentrations showed the best characteristics with gastric protection above 50% and they are promising candidates to the development of oral solid pharmaceutical forms containing gastro-resistant azithromycin.

Orientadores: Celio Pasquini, Joaquim de Araújo Nóbrega / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T12:04:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Jora_ManassesZuliani_M.pdf: 4929889 bytes, checksum: f8da5d6a35fbac5ae2d05d997971561a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: A espectrometria de absorção atômica com atomização eletrotérmica (ET AAS) é adequada para a determinação de metais e semimetais, apresentando alta sensibilidade. Dentre os atomizadores eletrotérmicos, os fornos de grafite destacam-se por sua boa seletividade, exigência de pequenos volumes de amostra e baixos limites de detecção (i.e. 'mu'g L-1). Porém, esses atomizadores requerem fontes de alta potência (i.e. superiores a 2 kW), sistema de resfriamento e, ainda, apresentam alto custo. Como alternativa, o uso de superfícies metálicas têm sido objeto de pesquisa desde 1970. Dentre todos os metais empregados na fabricação de superfícies metálicas e utilizados para os estudos em ET AAS, o tungstênio é o que vem apresentando maior aplicação. Porém, a espectrometria de absorção atômica baseada em atomizadores de filamento de tungstênio (WC AAS) apresenta vários desafios relacionados ao entendimento da geração da nuvem atômica e dos efeitos de interferência observados. Dessa maneira, neste trabalho construiu-se um espectrômetro de absorção atômica com duplo filamento de tungstênio (DWC AAS), com duas configurações, uma empregando como sistema de detecção um sistema echelle/detector de carga acoplada intensificado (ICCD) e outra um sistema filtro óptico-acústico sintonizável (AOTF)/fotomultiplicadora. Essas duas configurações do equipamento foram empregadas em estudos de formação e evolução da nuvem atômica de elementos com características voláteis e refratárias (i.e. Pb e Cr). Além disso, estudou-se o efeito de Na, K, Ca e Mg, em três diferentes concentrações (i.e. 1, 10 e 100 mg L-1) sobre os perfis das nuvens atômicas de Pb e Cr. Esse estudo foi conduzido de tal forma que interferências em fase condensada e gasosa puderam ser avaliadas. Além disso, o equipamento foi empregado em medidas de temperatura na superfície do filamento e na fase gasosa / Abstract: Electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET AAS) is suitable for determination of metals and semimetals with high sensitivity. Among the existing electrothermal atomizers, graphite furnace stands out due to its selectivity, requirement of low volume of sample and low limits of detection (i.e. 'mu'g L-1). Notwithstanding, these atomizers present high cost and requires high power power supply (i.e. above 2 kW) and a cooling system. Alternatively, metallic surfaces have been studied since 1970. Among all metals employed as atomizers in ET AAS studies, tungsten has presented the best results and has found many analytical applications. However, tungsten coil atomic absorption spectrometry (WC AAS) presents several challenges related to understanding the atomic cloud generation and interferences effects. Thus, in this work, a double tungsten coil atomic absorption spectrometer (DWC AAS), with two different configurations was constructed. In one configuration, a detection system based on echelle/intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) is employed and, in the other, an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF)/photomultiplier detection system is used. Both configurations were employed in the atomic cloud generation and evolution studies of Pb and Cr. Furthermore, interferences on the atomic cloud profile of Pb and Cr caused by Na, K, Ca and Mg, at three different concentrations (i.e. 1, 10 and 100 mg L-1), were studied. This study helped to evaluate the effect of condensed and gas phase interferences. Additionally, the equipment was employed to perform measures of surface and gas phase temperatures / Mestrado / Quimica Analitica / Mestre em Química

Orientador: Araí Augusta Bernárdez Pécora / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T20:25:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Elias_RicardoBoulos_M.pdf: 5900917 bytes, checksum: c0cfa8f4c7647862360c4b9fbf2b8f05 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Este trabalho reporta os resultados obtidos na avaliação experimental de um ciclone de formato americano que foi modificado e adaptado para realizar a climatização de ambientes, através da técnica do resfriamento evaporativo. Para tal, o equipamento foi munido de bocais atomizadores, que realizam a injeção de líquido transversalmente à corrente de gás. Os ensaios consistiram de um planejamento fatorial completo para duas variáveis independentes com a adição de pontos centrais no espaço experimental, cujo fim foi o de verificar os efeitos do diâmetro dos orifícios da pastilha do atomizador (d = 2,8 e 3,6 mm) e da razão entre as vazões de líquido e de gás (L/G = 0,65 e 0,76 L/m³), sobre as propriedades do gás, tornando-o apto a adequar a temperatura e a umidade do ar. Através da Metodologia da Superfície de Respostas (MSR) foram analisadas a Eficiência de Saturação (Es), o Número de Unidades de Transferência do Gás (NtG) e a Perda de Carga no Sistema ('delta'Psis), respostas indicadoras de desempenho amplamente destacadas na literatura pesquisada. Foram obtidas Eficiências de Saturação entre 45,9 e 62,2%, Número de Unidades de Transferência do Gás entre 0,67 e 1,48 e Perdas de Carga de 1.664 a 1.735 Pa. O emprego de técnicas estatísticas permitiu a proposição de correlações empíricas para previsão do comportamento do sistema para a faixa de operação estudada. Os resultados obtidos mostram que o equipamento dispõe de potencial para se tornar uma alternativa viável de condicionamento do ar para os padrões humanos / Abstract: This work reports the results obtained in the experimental evaluation of an American cyclone type which has been modified and adapted to perform air conditioning of environments, using the technique of evaporative cooling. To this end, the equipment was fitted with atomizers nozzles, which perform the injection of liquid transversely to the gas stream. The experiments consisted of a full factorial design for two independent variables with the addition of central points in the experimental space, whose purpose was to examine the effects of the diameter of the holes of the atomizer insert (d = 2.8 and 3.6 mm) and liquid and air flow ratio (L/G = 0.65 and 0.76 L/m³) on the properties of the gas, making it able to suit the temperature and humidity. Responses of performance widely highlighted in the literature, Efficiency Saturation (Es), the Number of Gas Transfer Units (Nto) and the System Loss Pressure ('delta'Psjs), were analyzed through the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Saturation efficiencies between 45.9 and 62.2%, Number of Gas Transfer Units from 0.67 to 1.48 and Pressure Losses from 1,664 to 1,735 Pa were obtained. The use of statistical techniques allowed the proposition of empirical correlations to predict the behavior of the system for the operating range studied. The results show that the equipment has the potential to become a viable alternative to air conditioning for human standards / Mestrado / Termica e Fluidos / Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica

No description available.

abstract: Compressible fluid flows involving multiple physical states of matter occur in both nature and technical applications such as underwater explosions and implosions, cavitation-induced bubble collapse in naval applications and Richtmyer-Meshkov type instabilities in inertial confinement fusion. Of particular interest is the atomization of fuels that enable shock-induced mixing of fuel and oxidizer in supersonic combustors. Due to low residence times and varying length scales, providing insight through physical experiments is both technically challenging and sometimes unfeasible. Numerical simulations can help provide detailed insight and aid in the engineering design of devices that can harness these physical phenomena. In this research, computational methods were developed to accurately simulate phase interfaces in compressible fluid flows with a focus on targeting primary atomization. Novel numerical methods which treat the phase interface as a discontinuity, and as a smeared region were developed using low-dissipation, high-order schemes. The resulting methods account for the effects of compressibility, surface tension and viscosity. To aid with the varying length scales and high-resolution requirements found in atomization applications, an adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) framework is used to provide high-resolution only in regions of interest. The developed methods were verified with test cases involving strong shocks, high density ratios, surface tension effects and jumps in the equations of state, in one-, two- and three dimensions, obtaining good agreement with theoretical and experimental results. An application case of the primary atomization of a liquid jet injected into a Mach 2 supersonic crossflow of air is performed with the methods developed. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Aerospace Engineering 2020

[ES] La comprensión de los fenómenos físicos que acontecen en la región densa (también conocida como campo cercano) durante la atomización de los sprays ha sido una de las mayores incógnitas a la hora de estudiar sus aplicaciones. En el sector industrial, el rango de interés abarca desde toberas en aplicaciones propulsivas a sprays en aplicaciones médicas, agrícolas o culinarias. Esta evidente falta de conocimiento obliga a realizar simplificaciones en la modelización, provocando resultados poco precisos y la necesidad de grandes caracterizaciones experimentales en la fase de diseño. De esta manera, los procesos de rotura del spray y atomización primaria se consideran problemas físicos fundamentales, cuya complejidad viene dada como resultado de un flujo multifásico en un régimen altamente turbulento, originando escenarios caóticos. El análisis de este problema es extremadamente complejo debido a la ausencia sustancial de teorías validadas referentes a los fenómenos físicos involucrados como son la turbulencia y la atomización. Además, la combinación de la naturaleza multifásica del flujo y su comportamiento turbulento resultan en una gran dificultad para afrontar el problema. Durante los últimos 10 años, las técnicas experimentales han sido finalmente capaces de visualizar la región densa, pero la confianza, análisis y efectividad de dichos experimentos en esta región del spray todavía requiere de mejoras sustanciales. En este contexto, esta tesis trata de contribuir al entendimiento de estos procesos físicos y de proporcionar herramientas de análisis para estos flujos tan complejos. Para ello, mediante Direct Numerical Simulations se ha afrontado el problema resolviendo las escalas de movimiento más pequeñas, y capturando todas las escalas de turbulencia y eventos de rotura. Uno de los objetivos de la tesis ha sido evaluar la influencia de las condiciones de contorno del flujo entrante en la atomización primaria y en el comportamiento turbulento del spray. Para ello, se han empleado dos condiciones de contorno diferentes. En primer lugar se ha empleado una condición de contorno sintética para producir turbulencia homogenea a la entrada, simulando el comporamiento de la tobera. Una de las características más interesantes de este método es la posibilidad de retocar los parámetros dentro del algoritmo. En particular, la escala de longitud integral se ha variado para evaluar la influencia de las estructuras mas grandes de la tobera en la atomización primaria. El análisis de la condición de contorno sintética también ha permitido el diseño óptimo de simulaciones de las cuales se han derivado estadísticas turbulentas significativas. En este escenario, se han llevado a cabo estudios más profundos sobre la influencia de propiedades de las estructuras turbulentas como la homogeneidad y la anisotropía tanto en el espectro de los flujos como en las estadísticas de las gotas. Para tal fin, se han desarrollado metodologías novedosas para computar el análisis espectral y la estadística de las gotas Entre los resultados de este análisis destaca la independencia de la condición de contorno de entrada en las estadísticas de las gotas, mientras que por otra parte, recalca que las características turbulentas desarrolladas en el interior de la tobera afectan a la cantidad total de masa atomizada. Estas consideraciones se encuentran respaldadas por el análisis espectral realizado, mediante el cuál se concluye que la turbulencia multifásica comparte el comportamiento universal descrito por las teorías de Kolmogorov. / [CAT] La comprensió dels fenòmens físics que succeïxen en la regió densa (també coneguda com a camp pròxim) durant l'atomització dels sprays ha sigut una de les majors incògnites a l'hora d'estudiar les seues aplicacions. En el sector industrial, el rang d'interés comprén des de toveres en aplicacions propulsives a sprays en aplicacions mèdiques, agrícoles o culinàries. Esta evident falta de coneixement obliga a realitzar simplificacions en la modelització, provocant resultats poc precisos i la necessitat de grans caracteritzacions experimentals en la fase de disseny. D'esta manera, els processos de ruptura del spray i atomització primària es consideren problemes físics fonamentals, la complexitat dels quals ve donada com resultat d'un flux multifàsic en un règim altament turbulent, originant escenaris caòtics. L'anàlisi d'este problema és extremadament complex a causa de l'absència substancial de teories validades dels fenòmens físics involucrats com són la turbulència i l'atomització. A més, la combinació de la naturalesa multifàsica del flux i el seu comportament turbulent resulten en una gran dificultat per a afrontar el problema. Durant els últims 10 anys les tècniques experimentals han sigut finalment capaces de visualitzar la regió densa, però la confiança, anàlisi i efectivitat dels experiments en esta regió del spray encara requerix de millores substancials. En este context, esta tesi tracta de contribuir en l'enteniment d'estos processos físics i de proporcionar ferramentes d'anàlisi per a estos fluxos tan complexos. Per a això, per mitjà de Direct Numerical Simulations s'ha afrontat el problema resolent les escales de moviment més menudes, al mateix temps que es capturen totes les escales de turbulència i esdeveniments de ruptura. Un dels objectius de la tesi ha sigut avaluar la influència que les condicions de contorn del flux entrant tenen en l'atomització primària i en el comportament turbulent del spray. Per a això, s'han empleat dos condicions de contorn diferents. En primer lloc s'ha empleat una condició de contorn sintètica per a produir turbulència homogènia a l'entrada, simulant el comportament de la tovera. Una de les característiques més interessants d'este mètod és la possibilitat de retocar els paràmetres dins de l'algoritme. En particular, l'escala de longitud integral s'ha variat per a avaluar la influència de les estructures mes grans de la tovera en l'atomització primària. L'anàlisi de la condició de contorn sintètica també ha permés el disseny òptim de simulacions de les quals s'han derivat estadístiques turbulentes significatives. En este escenari, s'han dut a terme estudis més profunds sobre la influència de propietats de les estructures turbulentes com l'homogeneïtat i l'anisotropia tant en l'espectre dels fluxos com en les estadístiques de les gotes. Per a tal fi, s'han desenrotllat metodologies noves per a computar l'anàlisi espectral i l'estadística de les gotes. Entre els resultats d'esta anàlisi destaca la independència de la condició de contorn d'entrada en les estadístiques de les gotes, mentres que d'altra banda, es recalca que les característiques turbulentes desenrotllades en l'interior de la tovera afecten a la quantitat total de massa atomitzada. Estes consideracions es troben recolzades per l'anàlisi espectral realitzat, per mitjà del qual es conclou que la turbulència multifásica compartix el comportament universal descrit per les teories de Kolmogorov. / [EN] The understanding of the physical phenomena occurring in the dense region (also known as near field) of atomizing sprays has been long seen as one of the biggest unknown when studying sprays applications. The industrial range of interest goes from nozzles in combustion and propulsion applications to medical sprays, agricultural and food process applications. This substantial lack of knowledge is responsible for some important simplification in modeling, that often result to be inaccurate or simply partial, leading to the evident need of large experimental characterization during the design phase. In fact, the spray breakup and primary atomization processes are indeed fundamental problems of physics, which complexity results from the combination of a multiphase flow in a highly turbulent regime that leads to chaotic scenarios. The analysis of this problem is extremely problematic, due to a substantial lack of definitive theories about the physical phenomena involved, namely turbulence and atomization. Furthermore, the combination of the multiphase nature of the flow and its turbulent behavior makes substantially difficult to address the problem. Only within the last 10 years, experimental techniques have been capable of visualizing the dense region, but the experiments reliability, analysis and effectiveness in this region still requires vast improvements. In this scenario, this thesis aims to contribute in the understanding of these physical process and to provide analysis tools for these complex flows. In order to do so, Direct Numerical Simulations have been used for addressing the problem at its smallest scale of motion, while reliably capturing all turbulence scales and breakup events. The multiphase nature of the flow is accounted for by using the Volume of Fluid method. One of the goal of the thesis was to assess the influence of the inflow boundary conditions on the primary atomization and on the spray's turbulence behavior. In order to do so, two different boundary conditions were used. In a first place, a synthetic inflow boundary condition was used in order to produce a homogeneous turbulence inflow, simulating the nozzle behavior. One of the interesting features of this method was the possibility of tweaking the parameters within the algorithm. In particular, the integral length scale was varied in order to assess the influence of nozzle larger turbulent structures on the primary atomization. The analysis on the synthetic boundary condition also allowed to optimally design simulations from which derive meaningful turbulence statistics. On this framework, further studies were carried over on the influence of turbulent structures properties, namely homogeneity and anisotropy, on both the flows spectra and droplets statistics. In order to achieve this goal, novel procedures for both computing the flow spectra and analyzing droplets were developed and are carefully addressed in the thesis. The results of the analysis highlight the independence of droplets statistics from the inflow boundary condition, while, on the other hand, remarking how the total quantity of atomized mass is significantly affected by the turbulence features developed within the nozzle. This considerations are supported by the spectrum analysis performed, which also highlighted how multiphase turbulence shares the universal features described in Kolmogorov theories. / Crialesi Esposito, M. (2019). Analysis of primary atomization in sprays using Direct Numerical Simulation [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/133975 / TESIS

This diploma thesis deals with matte coatings for 3D scanning purposes. The coatings are made with spray gun which uses a vibrating membrane atomizer and air blow gun. A suspension of titanium dioxide and alcohol is used as a coating material. This thesis describes the effect of the spray gun process parameters on the deposited coatings. These include, for example type of the coating suspension or setup of the blow gun. Phase Doppler Anemometry was used to measure spray characteristics. Deposited coatings were measured with profilometer and scanned with 3D scanner to study their thickness and effect on the results of 3D reconstruction. The result of this work was the coating with thickness below 1 µm with good optical properties for 3D scanning purposes. Standard deviation of the captured point cloud from the reference plane was below 0.0011 mm.

Afin de se rapprocher des conditions du mélange homogène du moteur essence, plusieurs fluides sont injectés dans l'atmosphère à une pression amont et une température variées. Cinq prototypes d'injecteurs réels trois-trous de Continental ont été utilisés. En augmentant la pression d'injection, l'écoulement passe par quatre régimes où le niveau de développement de cavitation varie. Le coefficient de décharge Cd dépend essentiellement du nombre de cavitation. Au point critique de cavitation, deux corrélations ont été obtenues reliant respectivement Cd et le nombre de cavitation critique au nombre de Reynolds correspondant. Le jet en champ proche est gouverné par trois nombres sans dimensions : celui de Weber, de Reynolds et de cavitation. L'effet de chacun d'eux sur l'angle du jet à la sortie a été obtenu. La comparaison des résultats entre deux injecteurs a montré que le rapport entre la longueur et le diamètre de l'orifice est d'une influence d'ordre 1 sur l'angle du jet. / In order to get closer to the homogeneous mixture conditions of a gasoline engine, different fluids are injected into the atmosphere at varying upstream pressure and temperature. Five three-hole real injector prototypes from Continental were used. When injection pressure is increased, the internal flow goes through four regimes where the cavitation development level varies from one to another. The discharge coefficient Cd was found mainly dependent on the cavitation number. At the cavitation critical point, two correlations between Cd and the critical cavitation number on one side respectively, and the correspondent Reynolds number on the other side were found. The near field jet is ruled by three dimensionless numbers : Weber, Reynolds and cavitation. The effect of each one of them on the jet angle at the orifice outlet was obtained. By comparing the results of two injectors, it was found that the length over diameter ratio has a first order influence on the jet angle.

L’atomisation texturelle désigne le mécanisme d’arrachage de gouttes à l’interface d’un écoulement liquide libre. Cemécanisme est contrôlé par les caractéristiques de l’écoulement au sortir de l’injecteur et se manifeste dans son champproche. Peu étudiée, l’atomisation texturelle est un phénomène rapide, impliquant de très petites structures ligamentaireset produisant un brouillard de très fines gouttes. Le travail de cette thèse est une étude expérimentale d’un processusd’atomisation texturelle observé sur des écoulements produits par des injecteurs cavitants. Trois atomiseurs académiquestransparents sont utilisés et des diagnostics optiques sont mis en oeuvre : la LDV (vélocimétrie doppler laser) et le PDPA(Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer) pour décrire l’écoulement interne et le spray, respectivement, et l’imagerie fixe à forterésolution spatiale ou à haute-cadence pour les écoulements interne et externe. Une première observation montre un lienimportant entre le régime de cavitation et le processus d’atomisation texturelle. Une analyse impliquant la mesure devariabilité de l’écoulement et du processus d’atomisation texturelle quantifie ce lien. Ici, le processus d’atomisation estdécrit par la mesure de sa distribution d’échelle. Associée au concept de système équivalent, cette analyse multi-échellepermet de produire une écriture mathématique du processus étudié. Ce résultat est sans précédent. Complété par unedescription mathématique de la distribution de taille des gouttes produites, il offre un appui nouveau pour construire unmodèle d’atomisation ligamentaires présenté dans ce travail et qui relie taille et forme des ligaments aux populations degouttes formées. Ces analyses fines amènent une meilleure connaissance du mécanisme d’atomisation étudié. Par exemple, on apprend qu’à débit fixé, la hauteur du canal d’alimentation de l’orifice de décharge n’influence pas les processus d’atomisation texturelle. Par ailleurs, un critère est établi pour identifier la plus petite échelle de déformation des ligaments impliquée dans la production des gouttes. / Textural atomization designates the mechanism of drop peeling from the interface of a free liquid flow. This mechanismis controlled by the characteristics of the flow issuing from the injector and manifests at its vicinity. Almost uninvestigated,textural atomization is a rapid phenomenon, implies very small ligamentary structures and produces a mist of fine droplets.The work of this thesis is an experimental investigation of a textural atomization process observed on flows issuing fromcavitating injector. Three academic transparent atomizers are used and optical diagnostics are implemented: LDV (LaserDoppler Velocimetry) and PDPA (Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer) to describe the internal flow and the spray, respectively,and still imaging at high spatial resolution or high-speed imaging for the internal and external flows. A first observation revealsa strong link between the cavitation regime and the textural atomization process. An analysis implying the measurementof the variability of the internal flow and of the atomization process quantifies this link. Here, the atomization process isdescribed by the measurement of its scale distribution. Associated with the concept of equivalent system, this multi-scaleanalysis returns a mathematical expression for the investigated atomization process. This result is unprecedented. Completedby a mathematical description of the spray drop-diameter distribution, it offers a new support to build a model of ligamentaryatomization processes presented in this work and that connects ligament size and deformation to the drop populations. Thesefine analyses provide a better knowledge of the investigated atomization process. For instance, we learn that, at fixed flowrate, the height of the inlet pipe feeding the orifice has no influence on the atomization process. Furthermore, a criterion hasbeen established to identify the smallest ligament deformation scale implied in the drop production.