This thesis addresses the question of Timeshare. Solves the system as such, but also deals with the strengths and weaknesses. Timeshare represents as a global operational system, its management and support organizations. Explains how timeshare works from the perspective of the timeshare owners the right views from the business.

Submitted by Manoela Sabbadin Begas (manu.begas@gmail.com) on 2017-03-21T17:15:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Manoela_Dissertação.pdf: 1812808 bytes, checksum: c5237fd3e360f7c33edd0f82fc1e73be (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamela Beltran Tonsa (pamela.tonsa@fgv.br) on 2017-03-21T17:17:07Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Manoela_Dissertação.pdf: 1812808 bytes, checksum: c5237fd3e360f7c33edd0f82fc1e73be (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-22T12:14:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Manoela_Dissertação.pdf: 1812808 bytes, checksum: c5237fd3e360f7c33edd0f82fc1e73be (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-24 / The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of perception of pressure to buy in the perception of consumer justice in direct sales. In addition, it also sought an approximation/friendship between salespeople and consumers influencing the perceived pressure effect on consumer perception of justice, as well as whether emotions (positive versus negative) mediate a relationship between a perception of justice and behavior (intent of repurchase and word-of-mouth) from salespeople. A quantitative study was carried out through a survey of 411 direct selling custom ers, and the data were analyzed by structural equation modeling (SEM). The results showed that consumers do not feel pressured by resellers, so a perception of fairness perceived by consumers has been high and has led them to the intentions of positive repurchase and buzz behavior in relation to the salespeople. Proximity/friendship between consumers and salespeople increased a perception of consumer justice, and only as positive emotions did they partially mediate a perception of fairness and consumer behavior. / Este estudo teve como objetivo principal investigar o efeito da percepção de pressão para comprar na percepção de justiça do consumidor, na venda direta. Além disso, também buscou compreender se a proximidade/amizade entre revendedores e consumidores influencia o efeito da percepção de pressão na percepção de justiça do consumidor, bem como se as emoções (positivas vs. negativas) mediam a relação entre a percepção de justiça e o comportamento (intenção de recompra e boca-a-boca) dos consumidores em relação aos revendedores. Foi realizado um estudo quantitativo mediante levantamento de dados (survey) com 411 consumidores de venda direta, e os dados foram analisados pela modelagem de equações estruturais (MEE). Os resultados mostraram que os consumidores não se sentem pressionados pelos revendedores, portanto a percepção de justiça percebida pelos consumidores foi alta e os levou a intenções de comportamentos de recompra e boca-a-boca positivos em relação ao revendedor. A proximidade/amizade entre consumidores e revendedores aumentou a percepção de justiça do consumidor, e apenas as emoções positivas mediaram parcialmente a relação entre a percepção de justiça e o comportamento do consumidor.

This work deals with valuable consideration when changes of ownership of equity securities occur in connection with corporate changes in joint-stock company, especially with unwilling changes -- rise of registered capital with excluding the priority subscription right (§ 204a/5 of the Commercial Code), unwilling transfer of shares on the major shareholder (§ 354 of the "Act on the changes of commercial companies and associations") and squeeze out (§ 183i of the Commercial Code). Valuable consideration defines relatively in detail the Takeover Bid Act. This framework could be to certain extent analogically used for valuable consideration in unwilling transaction. However, its definition itself offers a considerable room for interpretation, so is also seized as the independent secondary topic (chapter 1). The main topic concerns two basic aspects. The first is a company evaluation. In this aspect we will take a look only at the dependence of the expert providing the evaluation on major shareholder (chapter 5). Work aims at the second problematic aspect of unwilling transaction - a premium over the valuable consideration for the infringement of right (chapter 2, especially section 2.4.). The work also deals with unevaluated risks of minority shareholders in the period beginning the day to which the company was evaluated to time of the pay out of ownership (chapter 4).

Motivation: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka huruvida Country-of-Origin (COO) påverkar svenska konsumenters Willingness to Pay (WTP) & Willingness to Buy (WTB). Vidare kommer studien även undersöka om svenska konsumenter besitter någon kännedom kring produktionsländer vid köp av klädprodukter inom premiumsektorn. Problemdiskussion: Utifrån den nuvarande ökade trenden mot en mer medveten kund önskar studien att undersöka vilka aspekter som har en avgörande roll i köpbeslutet för premiumprodukter samt hur vetskapen om produktionsland påverkar företagets image, kundens köp-och betalvilja. Denna studie kommer därmed fylla en klar funktion eftersom det finns få tidigare studier som flätar samman begreppen COO, WTB & WTP i relation till Premium Branding i modesammanhang på den svenska marknaden. Metod: Studien är genomförd med en kvantitativ metod med fokus på en stor empirisk enkätundersökning där 200 svenska respondenter deltog. Frågorna var tagna från de valda huvudbegreppen COO, Brand Image, Premium, WTP/WTB samt kvalitet. Respondenterna var systematiskt tillfrågade på olika geografiska platser runt Stockholmsområdet. Resultat: Genom att enskilt testa hypoteserna som är utvecklade från tidigare teori, finner denna studie att svenska konsumenter värderar kvalitet som den viktigaste faktorn när de handlar kläder samt att deras WTB/WTP förändras vid vetskapen om produktionsland. Svenska konsumenter värderar samtidigt produkterna utifrån produktionsland samt anser sig ha en låg kännedom var produkterna är tillverkade. Implikationer: Studien kan agera som lösning för företag som vill hitta nya konkurrenskraftiga fördelar samt skapa ett större omfång av värdeskapande aktiviteter som kan locka in en större andel av marknaden. / Motivation: The purpose of this study is to examine whether Country-of-Origin (COO) affects Swedish consumers' Willingness to Pay (WTP) & Willingness to Buy (WTB). Furthermore, the study will also focus on whether Swedish consumers have any knowledge of production countries when purchasing clothing products in the premium sector. Problem statement: Based on the current increased trend towards a more conscious consumer, the study intends to investigate which aspects have a crucial role in the purchasing decision for premium products. Also, how the knowledge of production country affects the company's image, the consumers WTB/WTP. This study will thus fulfil a clear function as there are few previous studies that merge the concepts of COO, WTB & WTP in relation to Premium Branding in fashion context in the Swedish market. Methodology: The study was conducted with a quantitative method focusing on a large empirical survey in which 200 Swedish respondents participated. The questions were conducted from the selected main concepts of COO, Brand Image, Premium, WTP / WTB and quality. Respondents were systematically asked at various geographical locations around the Stockholm area. Results: By separately testing the hypotheses conducted from previous theory, this study finds that Swedish consumers value quality as the most important factor when purchasing premium fashion and their WTB / WTP changes based on the knowledge of production countries. Swedish consumers at the same time value the products along the COO and consider themselves to have a low knowledge of where the products are manufactured. Implications: The study can act as a solution for companies that want to find new competitive advantages and create a larger range of value-creating activities that can attract a larger share of the market.

Este trabajo de suficiencia profesional, busca sustentar dos expedientes pertenecientes a las dos principales ramas del derecho. Por un lado, un expediente de derecho público, correspondiente a una controversia de protección al consumidor y, por otro lado, un expediente derecho privado, que busca determinar la naturaleza de un acto jurídico celebrado en el marco del derecho civil. El primero de los expedientes, se trata de la controversia iniciada por la señora Denise Marissa Buckley Soto contra Lan Perú S.A. por la presunta infracción al deber de idoneidad del servicio, el cual habría sido afectado debido al retraso en el vuelo LA 2706 en la ruta Lima-Madrid. El segundo caso bajo análisis, es la controversia entre José Luna García y su cónyuge, y la empresa Organización Peruana de Exportaciones Industriales S.A. – OPIESA, sobre de la naturaleza del acto jurídico que celebraron de forma verbal durante el primer trimestre el año 1997. La posición de los señores Luna es que el acto jurídico celebrado fue un contrato de compraventa del Inmueble, mientras que la empresa Organización Peruana de Exportaciones Industriales S.A. – OPIESA, considera que se celebró un contrato de naturaleza asociativa, en el que los señores José Luna y su cónyuge, participaron en una asociación para el desarrollo de un proyecto inmobiliario. / This work of professional sufficiency seeks to support two files belonging to the two main branches of law. On one hand, a public law file, that corresponds to a consumer protection dispute and, on the other hand, a private law file, which seeks to determine the nature of a legal act executed within the framework of civil law. The first of the files is the controversy initiated by Mrs. Denise Marissa Buckley Soto against Lan Perú S.A. for the alleged violation of the duty of suitability of the service, which would have been affected due to the delay in flight LA 2706 on the Lima-Madrid route. The second case under analysis is the controversy between José Luna García and his spouse, and the company Organización Peruana de Exportaciones Industriales S.A. – OPIESA, about the nature of the legal act that they celebrated verbally during the first quarter of 1997. The position of Mr. Luna is that the legal act was a contract for the sale of the property, while the company Organización Peruana de Exportaciones Industriales S.A. – OPIESA, considers that an agreement of an associative nature was executed, in which Mr. José Luna and his spouse participated in an association for the development of a real estate project. / Trabajo de suficiencia profesional

The IT sector is in constant change and new IT emerges constantly. This enables organizations to adopt new IT at a correspondingly rapid pace. Nonetheless, it is not certain that the adoption of new IT contributes positively to the organization’s existing application portfolio. Hence, the purpose of this study is to provide insights to how organizations adopt IT and the factors that are important to ensure positive effects from adopting new IT. A case study, consisting of semi-structured interviews, was conducted on a Norwegian governmental organization. The majority of current literature on the field are describing IT adoption for commercial for-profit organizations. Since the case-organization is a governmental organization, this study will also aspire to investigate how that influence IT adoption. The empirical findings of this study show that there is a purpose of having a strategy for adopting new IT to an existing application portfolio. A framework describing the adoption process and factors of importance for successfully adopting new IT is provided. Also, the empirical findings show that being a governmental organization does not influence the adoption of IT significantly. However, the findings show that other aspects of each individual organization can have more significant influence on the adoption process. / IT-sektorn är i ständig förändring och ny IT blir ständigt tillgänglig. Detta gör det möjligt för organisationer att ta sig an ny IT i motsvarande snabba takt. Det är dock inte säkert att implementering av ny IT bidrar positivt till organisationens befintliga applikationsportfölj. Därför är syftet med denna studie att ge insikt om hur organisationer tar sig an IT och de faktorer som är viktiga för att säkerställa positiva effekter från adoption av ny IT. En fallstudie, bestående av semi-strukturerade intervjuer genomfördes på en norsk statlig organisation. Majoriteten av befintlig litteratur inom fältet beskriver IT-adoption för kommersiella vinstdrivande organisationer. Eftersom fallstudieorganisationen är en statlig organisation kommer denna studie också att undersöka hur det påverkar IT-adoption i organisationen. De empiriska resultaten från denna studie visar att det finns ett syfte med en strategi för att adoptera ny IT till en befintlig applikationsportfölj. Ett ramverk som beskriver adoptionsprocessen och faktorer som är viktiga för en framgångsrik adoptionsprocess av ny IT finns framtaget. De empiriska resultaten visar också att det att vara en statlig organisation inte påverkar adoption av IT i särskilt hög grad. Resultaten visar dock att andra aspekter av varje enskild organisation kan ha mer inflytande på adoptionsprocessen.

Det finns idag väldigt många olika handelsföretag, vilket medför att konkurrensen om konsumenterna är stenhård. Butiker använder många olika former av marknadsföring för att nå fram till sina respektive målgrupper, marknadsföring är ett väldigt brett begrepp och involverar många olika åtgärder som butiken kan använda sig av. Det här arbetet fokuserar på tre olika former av säljfrämjande åtgärder som är relativt vanliga idag. Det som studeras i denna rapport är huruvida kupongerbjudanden, SMS erbjudanden och erbjudandet ’tag 2 betala för 1’ påverkar olika konsumenters beteenden och om de blir mer benägna till köp när de utsätts för dessa. Erbjudandet ’tag 2 betala för 1’ kan användas på flertal lika sätt men författarna har endast sett på erbjudandet som en kommunikationskanal i butiksmiljö, såsom skyltning och förpackningar. Forskningsfrågan som kommer att belysa hela arbetet är: hur påverkas konsumenters beteenden av rabatterbjudanden? Vi belyser i arbetet de skillnader och likheter som framkommit mellan olika generationer och ur ett genusperspektiv. Vi ser även över vilka eventuella risker respektive möjligheter som kan finnas genom att använda sig av dessa tre olika sorters besparingserbjudanden. Författarna har valt att genomföra en kvantitativ ansats och inspirationen till vår enkätundersökning grundar sig på tidigare forskning. Enkätundersökningen har utförts på 100 respondenter som tillfrågats via e-post och slumpvis utvalda personer i Katrineholms centrum. Deltagarna som tillfrågats är uppdelade i fyra kategorier, utifrån ålder och kön.Enkätundersökningen gav författarna belägg för att påvisa att konsumenter reagerar olika beroende på vilken typ av säljfrämjande åtgärder dessa utsattes för. Författarna kan se tydliga skillnader mellan dessa typer av erbjudanden. ’Tag 2 betala för 1’ som avser en kommunikationskanal i butiksmiljö var det erbjudande som samtliga deltagare föredrog. Kategorin som behandlar äldre män var de deltagare som överlag inte föredrog olika typer av rabatterbjudanden. / There are many trading companies today, which bring fierce competition over the customers. Stores use a lot of different kinds of marketing to reach respective target groups, marketing is a very wide term and involves many different measures that the stores can use. Our study focuses on three different kinds of sales promotion who are relative common today. We have studied whether the coupon offers, SMS offers and offer ‘buy one get one for free’ affects different consumer behavior and if consumers become more inclined to buy when they are exposed to them. The offer ‘buy one get one for free’ can be used in several similar ways, but the authors have only seen the offer as a communication channel in the retail environment, such as signage and packaging. The research question that will illuminate the entire work is how consumer behavior is influenced by the discount offers? The things that are investigated are if coupons, text message offers and ‘buy one get one for free’ have an effect on consumers behavior and if they become more liable to purchase when they are exposed of these promotions. In our study we will express the highlights of the differences and similarities that emerged between different generations and through a gender perspective. We have also checked the possible risks respective opportunities that may be found using these three different kinds of saving offers. The authors have chosen to implement a quantitative approach and the inspiration for our survey is based on previous research. The survey has been conducted on 100 respondents questioned by e-mail and randomly selected in Katrineholm city. The participants surveyed are divided into four categories according to age and gender.The survey gave the authors evidence to demonstrate that consumers react differently depending on the type of promotion they were subjected. The authors can see a clear difference between these types of offers. 'Buy one get one for free' which refers to a communication channel in the retail environment was the offer that all participants preferred. The category with older men was the participants who generally did not prefer different types of discount offers.

Thesis / The Companies Bill B61-2008 proposes to introduce appraisal rights into South African law. Appraisal entitles a shareholder to demand payment from the corporate issuer of his shares at a fair cash value in certain instances where major transactions which would change the company's direction have been proposed. It allows a cash exit rather than being coerced into supporting the majority's decision. Arriving at a fair share value is a challenge to appraisal. Presently, under the Personal action, a shareholder who opines that the company's act or omission is unfairly prejudicial or that its affairs are conducted in an unfairly prejudicial manner, may apply to court for an appropriate order. It enables the minority to challenge the majority's decision. Both remedies will be available to dissenting shareholders under the new dispensation and a shareholder must decide which remedy best suits his purposes. Appraisal should be seen as a last resort. / Law / LL.M. (Corporate Law)

Die studie vergelyk die prestasie van 'n koop-en-hou-strategie met die van 'n tydsberekeningstrategie binne die raamwerk van die arbitrasie-prysbepalingsteorie (APT) op die nywerheidsindeks van die Johannesburgse Aandelebeurs (JA). Die periode van die studie is oor twee tydperke, naamlik Januarie 1970 tot September 1987 en Januarie 1989 tot Junie 1997. Die langtermyntendens van die nywerheidsindeks en APT-faktore is bepaal deur die beste nie-reglynige model vir elke tydreeks te vind. Reglynige meervoudige stapsgewyse regressie-ontleding is gebruik om die bewegings van die nywerheidsindeks rondom die langtermyntendens te voorspel. Die sloeringsreekse van die langtermyntendensresidutelling van die APT-faktore en die sloeringsreekse van die eerste-ordeverskiltelling van die langtermyntendensresidutelling is as moontlike voorspellers gebruik. Gegrond hierop is beslissingslyne ontwik:kel wat gebruik is vir die implementering van 'n tydsberekeningstrategie. Die resultate van die studie is die volgende: • Waar die sloeringsreekse van die langtermyntendensresidutelling van die APTfaktore as moontlike voorspellers gebruik is, is die risiko-aangepaste opbrengskoers van 'n tydsberekeningstrategie 6, 41 persent en 0, 71 persent b6 die van 'n koop-en-hou-strategie vir tydperk een en twee onderskeidelik. • Waar die sloeringsreekse van die eerste-ordeverskiltelling van die langtermyntendensresidutelling van die APT-faktore as moontlike voorspellers gebruik is, is die risiko-aangepaste opbrengskoers van 'n tydsberekeningstrategie 10,40 persent en 1,04 persent b6 die van 'n koop-enhou- strategie vir tydperk een en twee onderskeidelik. Die belangrikste gevolgtrekking van die studie is dat die APT en 'n tydsberekeningstrategie teoreties en prakties versoenbaar is op die JA. Aanbevelings vir toekomstige navorsing is die volgende: ( 1) sistematiese risikofaktore, anders as makro-ekonomiese faktore, behoort identifiseer te word wat die voorspellingswaarde van die faktore in die tweede tydperk van die studie kan verhoog; (2) elke stap van die model wat ontwikkel is, behoort op elke indeks van die JA toegepas te word om die risiko-aangepaste opbrengskoers van 'n tydsberekeningstrategie toegepas op elkeen van die indekse met die van 'n koop-en-hou-strategie te vergelyk; en (3) die invloed van transaksiekoste en dividende op die potensiele voordele van tydsberekening moet bepaal word. / The study compares the performance of a buy-and-hold strategy with that of a markettiming strategy in the framework of the arbitrage pricing theory (APT) applied to the industrial index of the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). The study period is divided into two parts, namely January 1970 to September 1987 and January 1989 to June 1997. The long-term trend of the industrial index and every APT factor is determined by finding the best nonlinear model for each time series. Linear multiple stepwise regression analysis, with the lagged time series of the long-term trend error terms of the APT factors, is used to forecast the movement of the industrial index around its long-term trend. Decision lines were developed to implement a market-timing strategy. The results of the study are as follows: • Where the lagged time series of the long-term trend error terms of the APT factors were used as possible predictors, the risk-adjusted return of a markettiming strategy was 6, 41 percent and 0, 71 percent higher than that of a buyand- hold strategy for periods one and two respectively. • Where the lagged time series of the first-order difference of the long-term trend error term of the APT factors were used as possible predictors, the riskadjusted return of the market-timing strategy was 10,40 percent and 1,04 percent higher than that of a buy-and-hold strategy for periods one and two respectively. The main conclusion of the study is that the APT and a market-timing strategy are theoretically and practically reconcilable on the JSE. The main recommendations of the study are the following: (1) systematic risk factors, other than macroeconomic factors, should be identified in order to increase the forecasting value of these factors in the second period of the study; (2) each step of the model developed in this study should be repeated on every index of the JSE; and (3) the influence of transaction costs and dividends on the potential benefits of a market-timing strategy should be determined. / Business Management / DCom (Sakebestuur)

A customers propensity to buy a certain product is a widely researched field and is applied in multiple industries. In this thesis it is showed that using binary classification on data from Scandinavian Airlines can predict their customers propensity to book a flight within the next coming seven days. A comparison between logistic regression and support vector machine is presented and logistic regression with reduced number of variables is chosen as the final model, due to it’s simplicity and accuracy. The explanatory variables contains exclusively booking history, whilst customer demographics and search history is showed to be insignificant. / En kunds benägenhet att göra ett visst köp är ett allmänt undersökt område som applicerats i flera olika branscher. I den här studien visas det att statistiska binära klassificeringsmodeller kan användas för att prediktera Scandinavian Airlines kunders benägenhet att köpa en resa de kommande sju dagarna. En jämförelse är presenterad mellan logistisk regression och stödvektormaskin och logistisk regression med reducerat antal parametrar väljs som den slutgiltiga modellen tack vare sin enkelhet och träffsäkerhet. De förklarande variablerna är uteslutande bokningshistorik medan kundens demografi och sökdata visas vara insignifikant.