This dissertation examines the construction and evolution of categories of indigeneity within the context of the Oblate (Roman Catholic) apostolate at Île-à-Crosse in present-day north-western Saskatchewan between 1845 and 1898. While focusing on one central mission station, this study illuminates broad historical processes that informed Oblate perceptions and impelled their evolution over a fifty-three-year period. In particular, this study illuminates processes that shaped Oblate concepts of sauvage and métis. It does this through a qualitative analysis of missionary correspondence, mission records and published reports. In the process, this dissertation challenges the orthodox notion that Oblate commentators simply discovered and described a singular, empirically existing and readily identifiable Métis population. Rather, this dissertation contends that Oblates played an important role in the conceptual production of les métis.

Many piano teachers agree that suitable repertoire motivates their students to learn and practice their instrument. Asking students to learn different categories of repertoire might be a good approach for piano teachers to motivate and maintain their students’ musical interests. However, how do teachers evaluate what kinds of repertoire is presented in the teaching material that is available to them? The purpose of this study is to review the pieces found in North-American piano method books in order to provide an inventory of the different categories of repertoire found in each series and to calculate the proportion of piano repertoire belonging in each category. Consequently, this research will allow piano teachers to see more clearly which kinds of repertoire are in a method book and help select the most appropriate method books for their students.

Socio-economic processes have long underlined the value of language and ethno-linguistic categories in Canada. The Quiet Revolution, widely considered to be one such process, has resulted in the production of Quebec's English-speaking minority. Although recent studies pertaining to Quebec's English-speaking minority have largely focused on the construction of identity, little research has explored the perceived value of language. While Quebec City’s English-speaking minority is increasingly bilingual, figures suggest that its youth continues to migrate. Through a critical perspective, this thesis explores how Quebec City’s English-speaking minority is navigating the uneven distribution and rising value of bilingualism. Using a qualitative approach, I conducted 15 interviews with participants who attended an English-language high school in Quebec City. Results revealed that participants mobilized ethnic and economic language ideologies as a means to negotiate the value of their linguistic practices and that these language ideologies structured mobility and enabled participants to reposition themselves within a new linguistic market.

The concept of a recursive function has been extensively studied using traditional tools of computability theory. However, with the development of category-theoretic methods it has become possible to study recursion in a more general (abstract) sense. The particular model this thesis is structured around is known as a Turing category. The structure within a Turing category models the notion of partiality as well as recursive computation, and equips us with the tools of category theory to study these concepts. The goal of this work is to build a formal language description of this computation model. Specifically, to use the Coq proof assistant to formulate informal definitions, propositions and proofs pertaining to Turing categories in the underlying formal language of Coq, the Calculus of Co-inductive Constructions (CIC). Furthermore, we have instantiated the more general Turing category formalism with a CIC description of the category which models the language of partial recursive functions exactly.

Cette thèse examine comment les catégories de marché -ensembles qui partagent des similarités cognitives et culturelles- impactent la performance et l'évaluation des entreprises.Le consensus répandu dans la littérature indique que les organisations qui évoluent dans plus d'une catégorie sont sanctionnées tant au plan économique que social.Remettant en cause ce consensus actuel sur "l'impératif catégorique", cette thèse avance l'idée que les acteurs d'un marché ont un rôle plus complexe que simplement réprimer toute violation des catégories établies. Aussi dans ce contexte, être engagée dans plusieurs catégories de marché pour une organisation à la fois améliore son évaluation sociale mais réduit sa performance en cas de perceptions divergentes de ses affiliations catégorielles. Les données empiriques de cette thèse portent sur les cabinets d'avocats d'affaires dans trois grandes métropoles (New-York, Paris et Londres) au cours d'une décennie (2000-2010). Les cabinets d'avocats multi-services - ceux qui exercent dans plusieurs domaines du droit- obtiennent une meilleure évaluation de la part des clients tant au niveau global du cabinet que pour chacune de leurs spécialités juridiques. Toutefois, les désaccords entre clients en terme d'évaluation portant sur chacune des spécialités juridiques offertes détériorent la performance financière des cabinets. Cette thèse approfondit notre compréhension du rôle que jouent les catégories sur les marchés et les stratégies d'extensions catégorielles que les entreprises mettent en oeuvre. Ce travail contribue également aux études sur le champ juridique et a des implications pour la conduite stratégique des cabinets d'avocats d'affaires / This dissertation explores how market categories - clusters that share cognitive and cultural similarities - impact firms' performance and evaluation. Pervasive consensus in literature indicates organizations that do not fall into a single category suffer economic and social disadvantages.Unsettling this current consensus about the categorical imperative, this dissertation advocates that external audiences have a more complex role than simply patrolling the boundaries and sanctioning any infringement of established categories. They scrutinize categories in various ways depending on their needs. They infer some characteristics of firms from one category membership to another. They diverge about the category memberships and evaluation of firms. This dissertation provides evidence that in such cases, spanning categories both leads to positive social evaluations for organizations, but decreases performance in case of inconsistency across categories. Empirically I study the corporate legal services market in three major financial locations (New-York City, Paris and London) over a decade (2000-2010). My findings are twofold:(i) multi-category law firms- those that are engaged in several practice areas of law - receive better social evaluation from clients both at the firm level and at the practice area level; (ii) disagreement among clients' evaluation about law firms' practice areas undermines their financial performance. This dissertation deepens our understanding of the role that categorical structures play in markets and the category-stretching strategies firms implement to better navigate the "category map". This work contributes also to research in legal studies and has implications for law firms' business development

L’analogie est la réponse résolutive autant qu’aporétique au problème de l’unité et de la différence, scellée dans la multiplicité déroutante des significations de l’être. De cette réponse, il en va du statut de « science » pour la métaphysique. Notre enquête vise à retracer les conditions historiques d’émergence d’un concept (ou d’un complexe conceptuel) qui a marqué de son sceau l’histoire de la pensée, d’Aristote, voire même de Platon jusqu'aux nos jours. Sans cette même pensée de l’analogie – voici notre hypothèse – ni la constitution ni la « destruction » de la métaphysique ne seraient plus pensables. Mais qu’est-ce au juste que l’analogie ? Et jusqu’où s’étend sa portée métaphysique ? La certitude du terme a quo laisse en suspens l’extension de cette parabole, qui exige par reflet la fixation idéale d’un terme ad quem. On fera de la phénoménologie husserlienne un observatoire privilégié pour témoigner des derniers éclats de l’analogie, avant que la « destruction » de la métaphysique n’en décrète la disparition. En fixant dans l’aristotélisme du XIXe siècle le point d’ancrage entre Aristote et la phénoménologie, l’on tâchera d’établir des connexions, autant que faire se peut : de Trendelenburg à Brentano et de Brentano à Husserl, avec le regard toujours tourné vers Aristote, l’analogie – voici la thèse que l’on veut démontrer – n’abandonnera jamais son statut originaire d’analogie de l’être. / Analogy is the aporetic answer to the problem of unity and difference, sealed in the puzzling multiplicity of being’s meanings. On this answer depends the status of “science” for metaphysics. Our research aims to redraw the historical conditions of emergence of this concept (more likely a conceptual complex) which has been marking with its seal the history of western philosophy, from Aristotle and even before from Plato up to nowadays. Without analogy – here goes our hypothesis – neither the constitution, nor the «destruction” of metaphysics could be conceivable. But what is “analogy”? And up to where arrives its metaphysical impact ? The certainty of the term a quo leaves unresolved the extension of the curve, demanding therefore the ideal establishment of a term ad quem. Making out of husserlian phenomenology an advantaged observatory, we will grasp the last sparkling lights of analogy before the “destruction” of metaphysics decrees its disappearance. By fixing in the Aristotelianism of the XIXth century the anchorpoint between phenomenology and Aristotle, we shall establish as far as possible a series of connections: from Trendelenburg to Brentano and from Brentano to Husserl, always glancing at Aristotle, the analogy – this is the thesis we would to demonstrate – never abandon its original status of analogy of being.

The learning demands placed on young children by current language organization techniques used to organize language concepts in AAC systems, are high. This influences the ease of learning and the accuracy with which AAC users use their AAC systems. It is therefore important to investigate the way in which children relate to different language organization techniques to better understand the learning demands placed on them in using these techniques. The aim of this study was to investigate the difference between two groups of 4-year old children’s accuracy levels when locating vocabulary in AAC technologies. The study is a replication of a part of the study conducted by Light, Drager, McCarthy, Mellot, Millar, Parrish, Parsons, Roads, Ward and Welliver (2004). Each group of subjects was assigned a specific language organization technique, i.e. schematic and taxonomic grid organization. The children had to locate vocabulary on a dynamic display system, i.e. the Dynamo. This study considered the language organization technique that best reflects the child’s developmental level. Sixteen subjects, 8 in each group, participated in 4 learning and testing sessions and 1 generalization session. The results revealed that there was no difference in the performance of the children in the two groups. This was in accordance with Light et al.’s (2004) results who also observed no difference in the 4-year-old’s performance with the schematic and taxonomic organization techniques. These results were in contrast with the literature on young children’s semantic organization, which illustrates that preschool children tend to use schematic organizations and begin to use taxonomic organizations once they reach school-age. Recommendations for future research are provided. / Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Centre for Augmentative and Alternative Communication (CAAC) / unrestricted

Orientador: Marcos Benevenuto Jardim / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Matemática, Estatística e Computação Científica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T04:44:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_VitorMorettoFernandesda_D.pdf: 591420 bytes, checksum: aa507d8eca04760207f4e88b0636be83 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Neste trabalho estudamos uma equivalência entre mônadas e representações de quivers. No segundo capítulo apresentamos um critério de decomponibilidade para mônadas lineares e, em particular, para instantons. No terceiro capítulo apresentamos exemplos de mônadas sobre espaços projetivos de dimensão par que generalizam a mônada de Horrocks-Mumford em P4 / Abstract: In this work, we study an equivalence between monads and representations of quivers. The second chapter presents a decomposability criterion for linear monads and, in particular, for instantons. In the third chapter we present new examples of monads on projective spaces of even dimension, which generalize the Horrocks-Mumford monad on P4 / Doutorado / Matematica / Doutor em Matemática

O risco de extinção e o declínio populacional de muitas espécies animais na região neotropical estão fortemente relacionados aos processos antrópicos, como a conversão ambiental, mas também aos fatores intrínsecos aos próprios indivíduos, como os atributos. Os anuros correspondem ao grupo vertebrado mais ameaçado atualmente, sofrendo com sérios declínios populacionais. Este trabalho buscou avaliar quais os atributos dos anfíbios neotropicais podem predizer: i) as categorias de ameaça e tendências populacionais destas espécies e ii) a ocorrência de anuros em um ambiente modificado, de matriz agrícola. Para a predição de categorias de ameaça e tendências populacionais utilizamos um banco de dados com atributos de habitat e modos reprodutivos de 3196 espécies de anuros neotropicais. Verificamos que espécies com modos reprodutivos terrestres e desenvolvimento direto tem uma maior tendência a estarem em declínio. Além disso, verificamos que embora os atributos sejam filogeneticamente estruturados, o grau de ameaça parece ser independente de suas histórias evolutivas. Para identificar possíveis relações entre atributos ecológicos e morfológicos de anuros em uma paisagem agrícola no sul do Brasil, registramos a anurofauna com uso de armadilhas de interceptação e queda e procuras ativas em três diferentes distâncias da borda em um ambiente florestal e em uma matriz agrícola. Verificamos que principalmente os atributos ecológicos, como o modo reprodutivo (tanto terrestre como aquático) e o hábito estão relacionados com a ocorrência destas espécies no sistema agrícola, assim como encontramos diferenças entre os atributos morfológicos ao longo do gradiente de distância. Ambos os resultados podem auxiliar na tomada de decisões em planos e projetos de conservação de anuros neotropicais. / The extinction risk and population decline of many animal species in neotropical region are strongly related to anthropic processes, such as environmental conversion, but they are also related to intrinsic factors such as traits. Anurans correspond to the most endangered vertebrate group, suffering serious population declines. This work aimed to evaluate which neotropical anurans traits can predict: i) the categories of threat and population trends of species, and ii) the occurrence of anuran species in modified environments, such as the agricultural matrix. First, we compiled data to 3196 neotropical anuran species. We emphasized the importance of habitat and reproductive modes in threat classifications, as well as verified that species with terrestrial reproductive modes and direct development are more likely to be declining. We also found that although anurans traits being phylogenetically structured, the degree of threat seems to be independent from their evolutionary histories. In addition, to identify possible relation among ecological and morphological anuran traits with agricultural landscape in southern Brazil, we studied the anurofauna using pitfall traps and active searches at three different border distances in a forest environment and in an agricultural matrix. We verified that mostly of the ecological traits, such as the reproductive mode (both terrestrial and aquatic) and the habit, are related to the occurrence of determined species in the agricultural system. And we also found differences among the morphological traits observed through the distance gradient from the border. Therefore, both results present practical importance since it can help herpetologists to making decision about neotropical anurans conservation.

A unique characteristic of neonatal care is the unpredictability of illness at birth and a high-risk period of adaptation in the days thereafter. The majority of newborn infants will survive with little specialised care. However, there will always be a number of newborn infants who will need special care and if not managed properly, they may suffer serious damage or even die. Due to the high risk it is crucial for all levels of healthcare workers involved in the care of the neonates to be competent. In the South African context, nurses play a key role in neonatal practice but they have various levels of competency as they are trained through different programmes with different levels of knowledge and skills on completion. Professional development though is expected to enhance their competencies. A multi-method research design was used to explore and describe competencies for the professional development of different categories of nurses in neonatal practice; to develop a competency framework for professional development of these nurses and to validate the competency framework within the South African context. The theoretical underpinning of the research included the three competency domains (professional and ethical; clinical practice and quality of care) of the South African Nursing Council, as well as Benner’s novice-to-expert model. The result of this study is a competency framework for the professional development of different categories of nurses in neonatal practice. The competency framework for professional development is expected to improve quality and accountability of nurses in neonatal practice. / Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2019. / Nursing Science / PhD / Unrestricted