Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-07T19:04:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 lucasdiegomotameneses.pdf: 10631997 bytes, checksum: be72daf41245404c708aab9a8c58d9a1 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-10T12:23:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lucasdiegomotameneses.pdf: 10631997 bytes, checksum: be72daf41245404c708aab9a8c58d9a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-10T12:23:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lucasdiegomotameneses.pdf: 10631997 bytes, checksum: be72daf41245404c708aab9a8c58d9a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-30 / Modelos computacionais de árvores arteriais são utilizados como substratos geométricos em simulações hemodinâmicas. A construção destes modelos é mandatória para adequada representação das redes vasculares periféricas devido à escassez de dados anatômicos destas redes. Os modelos relatados na literatura são classificados em: anatômico, a parâmetro condensado, fractal e otimizados. O crescimento dos modelos fractais e otimizados dependem de uma lei de bifurcação, que controla a relação entre os raios dos vasos envolvidos na bifurcação através de um expoente. Neste trabalho, investiga-se a construção de modelos otimizados inspirados no método CCO (Constrained Constructive Optimization) usando novas abordagens para a escolha do expoente da lei de bifurcação. Estas estratégias são formuladas com funções degrau e sigmoidal dependentes do número de bifurcações proximais. Os dados morfométricos dos modelos são comparados com outros experimentais e teóricos da literatura. Os resultados obtidos comprovam que o expoente de bifurcação influencia nas estruturas geométrica e topológica dos modelos. / Computational models of arterial trees are used as geometric substrates in hemodynamic simulations. The construction of these models is mandatory for appropriated representation of the peripheral vascular networks due to lack of anatomical data of these networks. The models reported in the literature are classified into: anatomical, lumped parameter, fractal and optimized. The growth of the fractal and optimized models depend on a bifurcation law, which controls the relationship between the radii of the vessels involved in the bifurcation through an exponent. This work investigates the construction of optimized models inspired by the CCO (Constructive Constrained Optimization) method using new approaches to the choice of the exponent of the bifurcation law. Theses strategies are formulated as step and sigmoid functions depend on number of proximal bifurcations. Morphometric data from models are compared with other experimental and theoretical data of the literature. The results obtained show that the bifurcation exponent influences the geometrical and topological structures of the models.

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Denna uppsats utgångspunkt är att undersöka intranätets möjliga påverkan på anställdas identitetsskapande där syftet är att undersöka den roll intranätet har i form av vidmakthållande och/eller upprättande av organisationsidentiteten. Detta görs genom att studera hur innehållet på intranätet genom olika kommunikationsaktiviteter och tolkningsprocesser medarbetare emellan bidrar till formningen av identiteten inom organisationen. Genom att betrakta organisationsidentitet som ett kommunikationsfenomen appliceras ett kommunikationsperspektiv på organisationer där CCO-perspektivet, genom konceptet om metakonversationer, utgör det centrala teoretiska ramverket. För denna undersökning tillämpas kvalitativa metoder. Detta görs med empiriunderlag från en fallorganisation, Försäkringskassan, där den huvudsakliga datainsamlingen består av fokusgruppsdiskussioner med medarbetare på handläggarnivå där två olika grupper undersöks. Resultaten har analyserats utifrån underliggande, kognitiva koncept och funnit att grupperna genom att agera utifrån olika synsätt på sin organisationsidentitet också väljer att ta del av olika typer av innehåll från organisationens intranät, vilket i sin tur avgör vilken roll intranätet kan anses fylla. / This thesis intends to investigate an intranet's possible impact on employee identity creation, where the aim is to study the role of the intranet in the maintenance and/or establishment of organizational identity. This is carried out by studying how published content on the intranet through various communication activities and processes of interpretation contributes to the formation of the employees’ identity within the organization. By considering organizational identity as a communication phenomenon, a communication perspective is applied to organizations where the CCO-perspective, through the concept of meta-conversations, has come to form the central theoretical framework. Qualitative methods are used for this study. The empirical findings are gathered from a case organization, Försäkringskassan, and consist of focus group discussions with administrative officials from two different groups. The results have been analyzed based on underlying cognitive concepts and indicate that the groups act based on different perceptions of their organizational identity, which have impact on what type of content they choose to take part in, something that further determines the role that the intranet can be considered to fill.

[pt] Ao longo das últimas décadas, diversas medidas de avaliação e mensuração vêm sendo alvo de pesquisa com o objetivo de determinar sua utilidade e relevância na avaliação do desempenho operacional de empresas.Tendo sido substituída pela Demonstração de Fluxo de Caixa em 1987 nos Estados Unidos, a Demonstração das Origens e Aplicações de Recursos tem vindo a cair em desuso em diversos paises, onde o conceito de fluxo de recursos vem sendo substituído pelo conceito de fluxo de caixa. Para tal, contribui o fato que esta é mais informativa e melhor compreendida pelos usuários. No Brasil, o debate por semelhante substituição vem decorrendo à diversos anos. O EBITDA - Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization é sem dúvida o fluxo de recursos operacionais mais em voga hoje em dia. Por possuir um método de cálculo simples, derivando da demonstração de resultados, o EBITDA é especialmente atrativo na divulgação de parâmetros operacionais, visto que tende a ser o mais otimista. O Fluxo de Caixa Operacional pelo método Fleuriet tem recebido grande interesse do meio acadêmico nos últimos anos. Possui grande poder explicativo em modelos de regressão múltipla, mas o seu cálculo envolve a efetuação de alterações nos ativos e passivos operacionais de curto prazo, onde existem ambigüidades de classificação. Talvez por isso seja pouco utilizado pelo meio empresarial. Este trabalho pretende analisar os comportamentos relativos de alguns fluxos de recursos operacionais. / [en] Over the past decades, several evaluation indices have been the targeted for study, the objective being the determination of usefulness and relevance when determining operational performance. Since its substitution by the Cashflow Statement in 1987 in the United States, the Statement of Changes in Financial Position has been gradually phased out in other countries, where the concept of resources has steadily given way to one of cash. Among other reasons, one particular being better informational content and possessing relative comprehension ease. In Brazil, the debate for such change has been occurring for the past several years. EBITDA - Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation and Amortization, is without a doubt one of the most recognizable operational resource flows in existence. Its calculation can be performed with relative ease from the Profit and Loss Statement and because it is especially optimistic when announcing operational results, EBITDA has gained great acceptance form the entrepreneurial world. The Operational Cashflow obtained by the Fleuriet Method has received great interest from academics over the past years. It possesses great explaining power in multiple regression models, but its calculation involves performing several changes in current assets and liabilities, where classification ambiguities are left to individual discretion. Perhaps this explains its low acceptance in the entrepreneurial world, where ready made indices, recognizable worldwide are demanded. This dissertation will analyze the relative behavior of some better known operational recourse flows.

Nous avons choisi comme sujet d’étude de ce mémoire d’interroger les phénomènes d’identification organisationnelle à partir d’une approche centrée sur l’étude des interactions. À ces fins, nous avons adopté une approche s’inscrivant dans la continuité de celle des représentants du courant CCO (Communicative Constitution of Organization) sur la nature communicationnelle de la constitution des organisations. Selon cette perspective, la communication est appréhendée comme un processus organisant constituant l’organisation, un processus qui doit ainsi être considérée comme point de départ pour toute analyse organisationnelle (Putman, Nicotera et McPhee, 2009; Taylor et Van Every, 2000). Conformément à cette posture, la construction de l’identification, pensée comme acte de consubstantiation (la consubstantialité renvoyant, suivant Kenneth Burke, à toutes les qualités de nos identités respectives à partir desquelles nous pouvons créer un lien avec d’autres personnes), est analysée à travers l’étude des interactions organisationnelles. Pour étudier ce phénomène, nous avons choisi une démarche qualitative en prenant comme terrain d’enquête une entreprise de vente multiniveau (multi-level marketing), également appelée entreprise MLM. À partir d’une analyse des enregistrements de réunions et des observations que nous avons réalisées, le cas de l’entreprise MLM nous a éclairée sur la manière dont la consubstantialité se manifeste, se négocie et se reproduit dans les échanges. / In this thesis, we propose to examine the question of organizational identification by mobilizing an approach centered on the detailed study of interaction. To do so, we draw from the CCO framework (Communicative Constitution of Organization) and assume the communicational nature of the constitution of organizations. Communication is here understood as an organizing process that constitutes the organization, and can therefore be considered as the starting point for any organizational analysis (Putman, Nicotera and McPhee, 2009, Taylor and Van Every, 2000). By adopting this perspective, identification, conceived as an act of consubstantialization (where consubstantiality refers, echoing Kenneth Burke, to all the qualities of our respective identities from which we can develop a common basis of action with other people), is analyzed through the detailed study of interaction. To study this phenomenon, we adopted a qualitative approach by which we studied a multi-level marketing (MLM) company. Data were collected by videorecording distributors in their daily interactions, particularly while attending meetings and presentations. Our study allows us to show how a common substance is constructed, reproduced and negotiated through communication.

The model Communicative Characteristics is designed by Europe’s largest contemporary research project in strategic communication, the project. The communicative organization. With the aim to sort out a current delay in the understanding of being communicative, the project present a model of six characteristics defining “communicative organizations”. With qualitative focus groups this thesis aims to test if the model functions as intended. Based on the same paradigm and theoretical framework as the model is developed in, the authors of this thesis investigate the research question: Does the model Communicative characteristics function to identify “communicative” organizations? To ensure that the thesis empirical data is not based upon answers the organizational members have been taught is the correct answer according to a specific communication model, the study is conducted on an organization that does not explicitly use strategic communicative actions. During the analysis, a discrepancy between the research project the Communicative organizations, and the theoretical perspective CCO which the model is built upon, notion of “communicative” were detected. To exclude the possibility that the model Communicative characteristics could contribute to confusion about the notion, a second research question was designed. In what ways does the research project’s, (the Communicative organization), and the theoretical perspective’s, (CCO), view of the notion “communicative” differ?  To be able to answer both research questions the analysis were divided into two parts, 1) Identification of Communicative characteristics and 2) Constitutive communication. The result achieved in this thesis is that the model Communicative characteristics is considered to function. By applying it to an organization that does not explicitly use strategic communicative actions, changes can be identified for what the organization should change to become communicative. The authors do recommend the research project to oversee their choice of notion due to the discrepancy found between the research project the Communicative organization’s, and the theoretical perspective CCO’s view of “communicative”. By clarifying the notion from only “communicative” to “explicitly communicative” and “explicitly communicative organizations” confusion can be avoided. / Modellen Kommunikativa karakteristika är framtagen av Europas största samtida forskningsprojekt inom strategisk kommunikation, projektet Den kommunikativa organisationen. Med förhoppningar om att reda ut en rådande eftersläpning i förståelsen av att vara kommunikativ, presenterar modellen sex karakteristika som definierar ”kommunikativa organisationer”. Med kvalitativa fokusgrupper testar denna uppsats modellen på en organisation, för att undersöka om den fungerar. Med utgångspunkt i samma paradigm och teoretiska ramverk som modellen är framtagen i, angriper uppsatsförfattarna forskningsfrågan: Fungerar modellen Kommunikativ karakteristika för att identifiera ”kommunikativa” organisationer? För att undvika att få resultat som grundas i svar organisationsmedlemmarna har lärt sig vara rätt enligt en specifik kommunikationsmodell har studien utförts på en organisation som inte anser sig utföra explicita strategiska kommunikationshandlingar. Båda perspektiv utgår från att organisationer är konstituerade i kommunikation. Under analysen upptäcktes en skillnad i forskningsprojektets, Den kommunikativa organisationen, och det teoretiska perspektivet modellen refererar till, Communicative Constitution of Organization (CCO), syn på begreppet ”kommunikativ”. För att utesluta att modellen kan bidra till förvirring angående begreppets innebörd analyserades upptäckten mer djupgående och en andra forskningsfråga formulerades. På vilket sätt skiljer sig forskningsprojektets, (Den kommunikativa organisationen), och det teoretiska perspektivets, (CCO), syn på begreppet kommunikativ? För att besvara de två frågeställningarna delades analysen av in i två delar, 1) Identifiering av Kommunikativa karakteristika och 2) Konstituerande kommunikation. De resultat som framkommit är att modellen Kommunikativa karakteristika anses fungera för att identifiera kommunikativa organisationer. Genom att applicera modellen på en organisation som inte arbetar med explicita strategiska kommunikationshandlingar kan förändringar identifieras för vad organisationen bör förändra för att bli kommunikativ. Uppsatsförfattarna rekommenderar dock forskningsprojektet att se över valet av begrepp då skillnaden mellan forskningsprojektets, Den kommunikativa organisationen, och det teoretiska perspektivets, CCO, syn på begreppet ”kommunikativ” är av betydande karaktär. Genom att förtydliga begreppet från endast ”kommunikativ” till ”explicit kommunikativ” och ”explicit kommunikativa organisationer” kan förvirring undvikas.

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Studiens bygger på deltagande observationer och ett antal intervjuer på ett nystartat bolag under peroden 25 januari till 18 mars under sammanlagt 28 dagar. Det huvudsakliga resultat är att visa på ett antal narrativ som förekommer i bolaget. Dessa produceras och reproduceras huvudsakligen muntligt. Med tonvikten på det muntliga blir lokalen en materiell faktor av betydelse, liksom bolaget C-media som finns i samma lokal och därmed fungerar som en referenspunkt. Dessa narrativ och materiella faktorer av betydelse gäller i just detta fall och kan inte ses som något generaliserbart. Resultatet analyseras med utgångspunkt i de teorier inom fältet communicative constitution of communication, med fokus på materialitet och narrativ. Den övergripande slutsatsen är det finns materiella faktorer som kan vara av betydelse för en organisations kommunikation och därmed för organisationens kommunikationsfunktion. / The study is based on participatory observation and a number of interviews at a newly founded company during January 25th through March 18th, during a total of 28 days. The main result is a number of narratives present at the the company. These are produced and reproduced mainly orally. With an oral bias the office building itself becomes a material factor, as is the other company residing in the same office. These narratives and material factors are at play in this case, but cannot be generalised to other organisations. The results are analysed using theories in the field of communicative constitution of communication, focusing on materiality and narratives. The overall conclusion is that there are material factors that can be of importance for the communication in an organisation, and as such for the communications function.

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Globalization and technological advancements continue to challenge contemporary organizations’ aims to balance stability and change. As a response to this challenge, organizations often turn to empowerment and participatory processes. Current research emphasizes the need for enhanced communication in these processes. However, there is a lack of research studying how organizations practically enact this idea that these processes require more communication. This dissertation is aligned with the Montreal School’s CCO perspective and departs from communication theory seen as a dialogic of conversation and text, thus directing attention to coorientation and how organizational members coordinate in organizing processes. Based on this theoretical framework, the study aims to contribute to a better understanding – empirically as well as analytically – about the variety of texts that are a part of communicative initiatives aiming at enhancing communication, encouraging participation and empowerment processes. The empirical material is based on how two organizations explicitly emphasized communicative initiatives throughout each organization’s empowerment process attempts. One organization mainly used workshops to provide opportunities for communication, while the other organization incorporated an interactive video website for the same purpose. This dissertation acknowledges that managers and subordinates are not equally capable of discursively constructing the organization. However, enhanced communication through empowering processes has been shown to facilitate members’ abilities to contribute to the organizing process. Hence, the study combines two theoretical frameworks, the empowerment process model and the Montreal School’s CCO perspective, extending both and thereby accentuating the communication-power relationship. To further explore how conversations and text interact in the case organizations, the study enacts a tension-centered approach, arguing that tensions are produced, co- and reproduced and enacted through organizations’ wills to empower their members through communication. The findings indicate a recursive and reflexive relationship between the empowerment process, coorientation, tensions and participation. In practice, this means that organizational members who have the opportunity to engage in conversations about matters of concern while perceiving themselves as taking part in an empowerment process tend to more actively identify and co-produce tensions. Tensions increase participation and lead to new insights. As members realize the value of their input, this further enhances the empowerment process.