在政治權力結構中，權臣與派系在其政治人物的社會網絡中扮演重要的角色。本論文研究由職官年表中探勘權臣與派系。我們提出資料探勘演算法由職官年表中探勘循序共現樣式，以探勘出政府官員官職陞貶的共現關係。接著根據所探勘出的循序共現樣式，建立官員之間的社會網絡。透過社會網絡分析中的網絡中心性與社群偵測分別探勘出權臣與派系。本論文以清康熙時期的職官年表實驗驗證。透過視覺化分析顯示本論文所提出的方法有助於歷史學者的研究。 / In a power structure, chief officials and cliques play important roles in the social network and have high influence on politics. This thesis proposes an approach of social network mining from official chronologies to discover the chief officials and the cliques. We propose and develop the algorithm to discover the sequential co-occurrence patterns from official chronologies. Then the social network is constructed based on the discovered sequential co-occurrence patterns. Chief officials are discovered by network centrality analysis while cliques are discovered by community analysis of the constructed social network. The official chronology of Kangxi Emperor is taken as an example for experiments and the visualization analysis demonstrates that the proposed methods are helpful to assist historian for historical research.

A city is considered as a complex system. It consists of numerous interactivesub-systems and is affected by diverse factors including governmental landpolicies, population growth, transportation infrastructure, and market behavior.Land use and transportation systems are considered as the two most importantsubsystems determining urban form and structure in the long term. Meanwhile,urban growth is one of the most important topics in urban studies, and its maindriving forces are population growth and transportation development. Modelingand simulation are believed to be powerful tools to explore the mechanisms ofurban evolution and provide planning support in growth management. The overall objective of the thesis is to analyze and model urban growth basedon the simulation of land-use changes and the modeling of road networkexpansion. Since most previous urban growth models apply fixed transportnetworks, the evolution of road networks was particularly modeled. Besides,urban growth modeling is an interdisciplinary field, so this thesis made bigefforts to integrate knowledge and methods from other scientific and technicalareas to advance geographical information science, especially the aspects ofnetwork analysis and modeling. A multi-agent system was applied to model urban growth in Toronto whenpopulation growth is considered as being the main driving factor of urbangrowth. Agents were adopted to simulate different types of interactiveindividuals who promote urban expansion. The multi-agent model with spatiotemporalallocation criterions was shown effectiveness in simulation. Then, anurban growth model for long-term simulation was developed by integratingland-use development with procedural road network modeling. The dynamicidealized traffic flow estimated by the space syntax metric was not only used forselecting major roads, but also for calculating accessibility in land-usesimulation. The model was applied in the city centre of Stockholm andconfirmed the reciprocal influence between land use and street network duringthe long-term growth. To further study network growth modeling, a novel weighted network model,involving nonlinear growth and neighboring connections, was built from theperspective of promising complex networks. Both mathematical analysis andnumerical simulation were examined in the evolution process, and the effects ofneighboring connections were particular investigated to study the preferentialattachment mechanisms in the evolution. Since road network is a weightedplanar graph, the growth model for urban street networks was subsequentlymodeled. It succeeded in reproducing diverse patterns and each pattern wasexamined by a series of measures. The similarity between the properties of derived patterns and empirical studies implies that there is a universal growthmechanism in the evolution of urban morphology. To better understand the complicated relationship between land use and roadnetwork, centrality indices from different aspects were fully analyzed in a casestudy over Stockholm. The correlation coefficients between different land-usetypes and road network centralities suggest that various centrality indices,reflecting human activities in different ways, can capture land development andconsequently influence urban structure. The strength of this thesis lies in its interdisciplinary approaches to analyze andmodel urban growth. The integration of ‘bottom-up’ land-use simulation androad network growth model in urban growth simulation is the major contribution.The road network growth model in terms of complex network science is anothercontribution to advance spatial network modeling within the field of GIScience.The works in this thesis vary from a novel theoretical weighted network modelto the particular models of land use, urban street network and hybrid urbangrowth, and to the specific applications and statistical analysis in real cases.These models help to improve our understanding of urban growth phenomenaand urban morphological evolution through long-term simulations. Thesimulation results can further support urban planning and growth management.The study of hybrid models integrating methods and techniques frommultidisciplinary fields has attracted a lot attention and still needs constantefforts in near future. / <p>QC 20130514</p>

Le commerce a connu à travers le temps de nombreuses évolutions, tant dans sa forme que dans son implantation, passant de grands magasins prestigieux dans le cœur des villes au début du XXe siècle à de grands centres commerciaux à la jonction d’autoroute dans les années 2000. Le lifestyle center est la forme commerciale la plus aboutie, concept américain existant depuis les années 80, il est apparu pour la première fois au Québec en 2006 à Brossard sur la Rive-Sud de Montréal. Ses caractéristiques hors du commun ; une surface de vente de près de 2 000 000 pi² faisant de lui un centre d’envergure supra régional, son agencement de boutiques en plein air regroupé autour d’une rue piétonne ainsi qu’un mix commercial extrêmement varié rompt avec les traditionnels centres commerciaux existants. Ainsi en s’implantant à Brossard le Quartier DIX30 est venu modifier profondément la structure commerciale de la Rive-Sud en s’imposant comme un contre poids de taille par rapport à la domination du pôle des Promenades Saint-Bruno. Cependant, le Quartier DIX30 ne va pas seulement modifier cette structure commerciale, mais plus globalement la centralité urbaine de la Rive-Sud en s’imposant comme un pôle central majeur. Le Quartier DIX30 grâce à sa mixité d’activité et son concept favorisant les interactions sociales est en train d’insuffler un mouvement de concentration d’activité commerciale et tertiaire. Ainsi aujourd’hui se développe au pourtour du Quartier DIX30 de nombreux locaux à bureaux. Cependant, cette nouvelle centralité créée par le Quartier DIX30 soulève des interrogations notamment vis-à-vis de la privatisation d’un espace s’imposant de plus en plus comme un des pôles principaux de croissance de la Rive-Sud. Ainsi, une question légitime se pose, ne sommes-nous pas en train d’assister à une privatisation d’un centre-ville en devenir ? / Over the time, trade has knew numerous changes in term of location and form, passing from prestigious department stores in the heart of cities in the early twentieth century to large shopping centers at the junction of highways in the years 2000. The lifestyle center is the most accomplished commercial form, the American concept exists since the years 1980 and it appeared for the first time in Quebec in 2006 in Brossard on the South Shore of Montreal. Its unusual features: a sales area of almost 2 000 000 square feet (making it a center of supra-regional scale), a mix of shops clustered around a pedestrian street and numerous other activities, breaks with the traditional agencement of the existing shopping malls. Thus, by becoming established in Brossard, the Quartier DIX30 modifies profoundly the commercial structure of the South Shore of Montréal. The Quartier DIX30 imposes itself as a major commercial pole against the domination of the Promenades Saint Bruno. The Quartier DIX30 will not only change the commercial structure of the South Shore, but more generally the urban centrality of the South Shore established itself as a major center pole. Due to the variety of activities and its concept of mix of shops clustered around a pedestrian street permitting social interaction, the Quartier DIX30 creates a commercial and office concentration. Thus, today develops around the Quartier DIX30 many building with offices. However, this new centrality created by the Quartier DIX30 raises interrogations in particular with respect to the privatization of a space imposing itself more and more like one of the principal poles of growth of the South Shore. Thus, a question legitimate is posed, does we aren't attending a privatization of a downtown area in becoming?

近幾年在金融風暴及全球競爭等影響下，企業紛紛導入商業智慧平台，提供管理階層可簡易且快速的分析各種可量化管理的關鍵指標。但在後續的推廣上，經常會因商業智慧系統提供的資訊過於豐富，造成使用者在學習階段無法有效的取得所需資訊，導致商業智慧無法發揮預期效果。本論文以使用者在商業智慧平台上的操作相似度進行分析，建立相對於實體部門的凝聚子群，且用中心性計算各節點的關聯加權，整合至所設計的推薦機制，用以提升商業智慧平台成功導入的機率。經模擬實驗的證實，在推薦機制中考慮此因素會較原始的推薦機制擁有更高的精確度。 / In recent years, enterprises are facing financial turmoil, global competition, and shortened business cycle. Under these influences, enterprises usually implement the Business Intelligence platform to help managers get the key indicators of business management quickly and easily. In the promotion stage of such Business Intelligence platforms, users usually give up using the system due to huge amount of information provided by the BI platform. They cannot intuitively obtain the required information in the early stage when they use the system. In this study, we analyze the similarity of users’ operations on the BI platform and try to establish cohesive subgroups in the corresponding organization. In addition, we also integrate the associated weighting factor calculated from the centrality measures into the recommendation mechanism to increase the probability of successful uses of BI platform. From our simulation experiments, we find that the recommendation accuracies are higher when we add the clustering result and the associated weighting factor into the recommendation mechanism.

Cette recherche vise à identifier le champ disciplinaire de la morphologie urbaine. Notre démarche morphologique étudié plusieurs éléments : l’étalement urbain s’implante autour de l’oasis de l'intra-muros à la périphérie par ces capacités des ses zones nouvellement urbanisés Notre analyse porte sur la ville contemporaine, marquée par la mutation des territoires sahariens et la nouvelle configuration des espaces urbains modernes, où la grande concentration de population a profondément déstabilisé le paysage organique de l’oasis. L’analyse morphologique permet aussi d’évoquer les positions d’aménagement et d’urbanisme d’origine étatique algérienne, relevant de la promotion de l’oasis en chef-lieu de wilaya, et de la proximité du pôle d’hydrocarbures de Hassi R'mel ; qui participent à l’affirmation de l’image du pouvoir économique et politique de l’Algérie nouvelle. En montrant son relatif délaissement, en particulier par la planification urbaine trop décalé de la théorie traditionnelle urbaine. D’où un manque d’attention portée aux recherches de morphologie urbaine effectuées à l’étranger aux recherches des oasis de la région en Maroc et Tunisie. Mais aussi cette recherche met l’évaluation au regard du modèle sont des modèles algérien des oasis de Ghardaïa, Béchar et Biskra pourrait éclairer les politiques d’aménagement par les enjeux urbanistiques. Cette approche stimulante rendant compte du renouvellement physique des villes comporte pourtant des dimensions à la fois théorique, déductive et dynamique. Le modèle des oasis est donc pertinent, mais aussi les limites du modèle urbain moderne de l'agglomération nouvelle soulignées comme modèles urbains dans le contexte algérien du renouvellement urbain. L’évaluation de ce modèle en Sud de l'Algérie pourrait éclairer les politiques d'aménagement par les enjeux de l'institutionnalisation du concept de développement durable et la construction durable qui réduit les coûts et assure une efficience énergétique idéale sa mise en pratique peuvent apporter certaine élément d'éclairage(écotourisme, modernisation des techniques d'irrigation , réemployer des matériaux du construction de ressources locales quand aux développement futur des ces villes sahariennes. / This search aims at identifying the disciplinary field of the urban morphology. Our morphological approach studied several elements: the urban spreading becomes established around the oasis of the intramural in the periphery by these capacities of its zones recently urbanized Our analysis concerns the contemporary city, marked by the transformation of the Saharan territories and the new configuration of the modern urban spaces, where the big concentration of population profoundly destabilized the organic landscape of the oasis. The morphological analysis also allows to evoke the positions of development and town planning of Algerian state origin, being a matter of the promotion of the oasis in administrative center of wilaya, and the closeness of the pole of Hassi R' mel's hydrocarbons; which participate in the assertion of the image of the economic and political power of new Algeria By showing his relative solitude, in particular by the urban planning too much moved by the urban traditional theory. Where from inattention impact in the searches for urban morphology made abroad in the searches for the oases of the region in Morocco and Tunisia. But also this search puts the evaluation with regard to the model are models Algerian of the oases of Ghardaïa, Béchar and Biskra could light the politics of development by the urbanity stakes. This stimulating approach reporting the physical renewal of cities contains nevertheless at the same time theoretical, deductive and dynamic size. The model of oases is thus relevant, but also the limits of the modern urban model of the new urban conglomeration were underlined as urban models in the Algerian context of the urban renewal. The evaluation of this model in the South of Algeria could light the politics of development by the stakes in the institutionalization of the concept of sustainable development and the sustainable construction which reduces the costs and assures an ideal energy efficiency its application can bring certain element of lighting (ecotourism, modernization of the techniques of irrigation, to reuse materials of construction of local resources when in future development of these Saharan cities.

Dans ce travail, nous avons analysé le rôle, le type et le caractère du grand établissement commercial dans la formation de la centralité en périphérie de la ville par une mise en relation avec l’évolution de la ville autour de Séoul. Nous avons mené cette même analyse sur la ville nouvelle dans la périphérie de Séoul. Egalement, nous avons cherché une comparaison entre deux villes, Paris et Séoul. En étant conscient du besoin de cette recherche, ce travail est réalisé autour de trois points de vue présentés ci-dessous : l’évolution de l’espace commercial dans la mutation urbaine de Paris et de Séoul ; le rôle de l’espace commercial et la centralité périphérique : le cas de la ville nouvelle ; la caractéristique et l’évolution de centre commercial : le cas de la Corée. Voici les contenus de chaque partie : La première partie traite les contenus relatifs à l’évolution de l’espace commercial dans la mutation urbaine. Le chapitre I présente l’évolution de l’espace commercial à Paris et à Séoul en distinguant l’évolution historique, l’évolution de l’espace commercial dans le processus de la modernisation, l’évolution du mode de vie et l’adaptation de l’espace urbain à ces évolutions. Le chapitre II donne les analyses théoriques et la définition relatives au centre urbain dans le processus de la modernisation qui mène l’évolution du centre et de sa périphérie et considère la dispersion du centre, la distribution régionale de grand établissement commercial en périphérie de la ville et l’évolution spatiale de la zone périphérique de Séoul. Ensuite, le chapitre III étudie le type de centre commercial et le caractère de l’espace urbain, la composition de l’espace commercial, l’évolution du mode de consommation et l’agrandissement de l’équipement commercial. Dans la deuxième partie, nous considérons la centralité de la périphérie de la ville, le rôle de l’espace commercial et la centralité périphérique à propos de la ville nouvelle. Le chapitre IV traite le rôle de l’espace commercial en tant qu’élément principal de la composition du lieu central en y distinguant la politique de développement de la ville nouvelle, le caractère spatial du lieu central de la ville nouvelle et le rôle de l’établissement commercial dans la composition de la ville nouvelle. Le chapitre V traite les contenus relatifs à l’état actuel du grand établissement commercial, la forme du lieu central de la ville nouvelle, l’état de l’espace de consommation dans la ville nouvelle, les principes du plan urbain du lieu central et l’identité de la ville nouvelle autour d’Ilsan et de Bundang, situées en périphérie de Séoul. Le chapitre VI analyse les caractères architecturaux du grand établissement commercial situé dans la ville nouvelle autour du type architectural de ces établissements et de la composition spatiale du lieu central, du rôle de l’architecture de ces établissements comme une composante de la ville et de l’image de l’espace commercial en tant que lieu d’activité urbaine. Dans la troisième partie, nous considérons les caractères et l’évolution du centre commercial en Corée. Le chapitre VII analyse l’évolution de la réglementation relative à l’urbanisme commercial, l’évolution et le développement de l’espace commercial en donnant la définition de divers types de vente et analysant l’évolution de l’établissement commercial urbain. En dernier, le chapitre VIII analyse le centre commercial comme un nouveau tissu urbain en considérant leur type et caractère, le caractère de la composition spatiale et la tendance de la complexification de ces établissements coréens. Dans cette recherche, on analyse et on compare la méthode, des données, des études précédentes, des rapports et des projets ainsi que des plans urbains et architecturaux de la Corée et de la France, notamment à partir de l’époque de la modernisation de la ville. / In this work, we analyzed the role, type and character of the large commercial establishment in the formation of the centrality in urban fringe through a relationship with the evolution of the city. We conducted the same analysis on the new town in the outskirts of Seoul. Also, we looked for a comparison between two cities, Paris and Seoul. This work is carried out around three points of view presented below : the evolution of commercial space in the urban mutation of Paris and Seoul; the role of commercial space and peripheral centrality : the case of the new town; the characteristic and evolution of shopping center : the case of Korea. Here are the contents of each part : the first part deals with contents related to the evolution of the commercial space in the urban mutation. Chapter I presents the evolution of commercial space in Paris and Seoul by distinguishing the historical evolution, the evolution of commercial space in the process of modernization, changes in lifestyle and adaptation of urban space in these developments. Chapter II provides the theoretical analysis and the definition relating to the urban center in the process of modernization that leads the development of the center and its periphery and considers the dispersion of the center, the regional distribution of large commercial establishment on the outskirts of the city and the spatial evolution of the peripheral area of Seoul. Then, Chapter III examines the type of shopping center and the nature of urban space, the composition of the commercial space, the changing patterns of consumption and the expansion of commercial equipment. In the second part, we consider the role of commercial space and the peripheral centrality about the new town. Chapter IV discusses the role of commercial space as a key element in the composition of central place in which it distinguished the policy, the spatial character of the central place and the role of the commercial establishment in the composition of the new town. Chapter V deals with content related to the current state of the large commercial establishment, the form of the central place, the state of consumer space, the principles of the urban design and the identity of Ilsan and Bundang new town, located on the outskirts of Seoul. Chapter VI analyzes the architectural characteristics, type, role of large commercial establishment located in the new town and the image of the commercial space as a place of urban activity. In the third part, we consider the characteristics and evolution of the shopping center in Korea. Chapter VII analyzes the evolution of regulations related to commercial urban planning, the evolution and the development of commercial space by giving the definition of various types of sales. Finally, Chapter VIII analyzes the shopping center as a new urban fabric considering their type and character, the nature of the spatial composition and the tendency of the complexity of these Korean institutions.

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No. of bitstreams: 1 ferreira_hm_dr_prud.pdf: 10282888 bytes, checksum: b5f3223453070f3024a0aea8a9403f92 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-05-25 / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / O policentrismo é atinente, sobretudo, ao incremento da importância de novas áreas centrais, de relações de complementaridade e concorrência e de novos arranjos hierárquicos e promove transformações no centro preexistente e na centralidade intraurbana, a partir de processos multiescalares que conferem novos papéis e funções às cidades médias. As estruturas espaciais disso resultantes se mostram mais complexas que as precedentes, que eram caracterizadas por única área central ou por estritas relações de subordinação ao centro. Com efeito, em estruturas policêntricas o centro não mais exibe inerente papel de centro principal, embora expresse uma condição preexistente, num movimento dialético de perda de importância e reafirmação de sua centralidade o que justifica denominarmos por centro preexistente, por seu atributo de rugosidade frente a novos processos. Considerando um eixo das sucessões, marcado por transformações na estruturação urbana e redefinições no centro preexistente, e outro das coexistências, representativo de diferentes áreas centrais articuladas, buscamos analisar o centro sob uma dupla perspectiva de centro preexistente e centro principal, tendo como hipótese a propensão do centro preexistente exibir permanência enquanto principal. Propomos, para averiguação dessa tese, processo analítico de identificação do centro principal, a partir de eixo das coexistências de diferentes áreas centrais, pertencentes a uma totalidade, e somente apreendidas em análise relacional, por meio da abordagem das lógicas econômicas de empresas e práticas espaciais de consumo de citadinos. Com um conjunto de procedimentos metodológicos, que envolvem coleta de dados de uso do solo, realização de trabalhos de campo e análise de enquetes, questionários e entrevistas, estudamos o centro preexistente de Marília, Presidente Prudente e São Carlos, cidades situadas no estado de São Paulo, para apreendermos seu atributo de rugosidade, ao identificarmos o centro principal. Em Marília, conferimos coincidência territorial entre o centro preexistente e o centro principal, com privilégio daquela área por empresas e citadinos, de que é indicativo o expressivo porte da concentração e diversidade de atividades; a elevada complexidade do capital, com a presença de grandes lojas; e a preferência pela área manifestada por citadinos, para aquisição de diferentes bens e serviços. Em São Carlos, a estruturação e a centralidade intraurbana não se mostram dessemelhantes ao observado em Marília, mas o porte da concentração é inferior, assim como a complexidade do capital. Ainda assim, em ambas as cidades, apreendemos proeminência de relações de subordinação de outras áreas centrais ao centro, a despeito de relações de concorrência e complementaridade observadas. Embora o centro de Presidente Prudente apresente notável concentração e diversidade de bens e serviços oferecidos e elevada complexidade do capital das empresas presentes, coexiste com um importante shopping center, com o qual tece relações de complementaridade, e maior número de hipermercados, que exercem relações de concorrência, em maiores repercussões sobre a centralidade do centro preexistente. / Polycentrism is related to, above all, the importance of new central areas, complementarity and competition relations and new hierarchical arrangements, and it promotes transformation in the pre-existing centre and in the intra-urban centrality, starting from multi-scale processes, which confer new roles and functions to the medium cities. The resulting spatial structures are more complex than the precedents, which are characterized by a single central area or by strict subordinate relationships to the centre. Indeed, in polycentric structures, the centre no longer exhibits its inherent central role, although it expresses a pre-existing condition, in a dialectical movement of loss of importance and the reaffirmation of its centrality, which justifies calling it a pre-existing centre, its attribute of roughness versus new processes. Considering an axis of successions, they have been marked by transformation in the urban structure and redefinitions in the pre-existing centre, and another of the coexistences, the representative of different articulated central areas. We seek to analyse the centre from a dual perspective of the pre-existing centre and the main centre, taking as hypothesis, the propensity of how the pre-existing centre shows up to be as permanent as the main one. In order to verify this thesis, we have proposed an analytical process of identification of the main centre, as well as the axis of coexistence of different central areas, belonging to a totality and only apprehended in relational analysis, through the approach of the economic logics of companies and consumption of spatial practices. With a set of methodological procedures, involving simple data collection, fieldwork and analysis of surveys, questionnaires and interviews, we have studied the pre-existing centre of Marília, Presidente Prudente and São Carlos, cities in the state of São Paulo, to apprehend their roughness attribute, by identifying the main centre. In Marília, we've conferred the territorial coincidence between the pre-existing centre and the main centre, with the privilege of that area by companies and city dwellers, of which is an indicative of a significant size of concentration and diversity of activities; a high complexity of the capital, with the presence of large stores; and the preference for an area manifested by city residents, for the acquisition of different goods and services. In São Carlos, the structure and the intra-urban centrality are not different from what it was observed in Marília. However, the size of the concentration is lower, as it is the capital complexity. Nevertheless, we have perceived in both cities, the prominence of subordination relations between other central areas to the centre, despite the observed relations between competition and complementarity. Although the centre of Presidente Prudente presents a remarkable concentration and diversity of goods and services offered and high complexity of the capital of the present companies, it coexists with an important shopping mall, which develops complementary relation, and a greater number of hypermarkets, which carry out relations of competition, with greater repercussion on the centrality of the pre-existing centre. / El policentrismo es atinente, sobre todo, al incremento de la importancia de nuevas áreas centrales, de relaciones de complementariedad y competición y de los nuevos arreglos jerárquicos, y promueve transformaciones en el centro de preexistencia y en la centralidad intraurbana a partir de procesos multiescalares que confieren nuevos papeles y funciones a las ciudades medias. Las estructuras espaciales resultantes se muestran más complejas que las precedentes que eran caracterizadas por única área central o por estrictas relaciones de subordinación al centro. En efecto, en estructuras policéntricas el centro no exibe más el papel inherente del centro principal, sin embargo expresa una condición de preexistencia, en un movimiento dialético de pérdida de importancia y de la reafirmación de su centralidade lo que justifica denominar por centro preexistente, por su atributo de rugosidad frente a nuevos procesos. Considerando un eje de las sucesiones, marcado por transformaciones en la estructuración urbana y redefiniciones en el centro preexistente y otro de las coexistencias, representativo de diferente áreas centrales articuladas, buscando analizar el centro bajo una doble perspectiva de centro preexistente y centro principal, teniendo como hipótesis la propensión del centro preexistente se exibe como permanencia principal. Proponemos para la averiguación de esta tesis, el proceso analítico de identificación del centro principal a partir del eje de las coexistencias de diferentes áreas centrales pertenecientes a una totalidad, y solamente aprendidas en análisis relacional, por medio del abordaje de las lógicas económicas de empresas y prácticas espaciales de consumo de citadinos. Con un conjunto de procedimientos metodológicos que envuelven la recolección de datos de uso del suelo, realización de trabajos de campo y análisis de encuestas, cuestionarios y entrevistas, estudiamos el centro preexistente de Marília, Presidente Prudente y São Carlos, ciudades ubicadas en el estado de São Paulo para aprender su atributo de rugosidad, al identificar el centro principal. En Marília conferimos la coincidencia territorial entre el centro preexistente y el centro principal con privilegio de aquella área por empresas y citadinos, que es indicativo el tamaño significativo de la concentración y diversidad de actividades; la alta complejidad del capital, con la presencia de grandes tiendas; y la preferencia por el área manifestada por los citadinos para la adquisición de diversos bienes y servicios. En São Carlos, la estructuración y la centralidad intraurbana no se muestran muy diferente a lo observado en Marilia, pero el tamaño de la concentración es inferior, así como la complejidad del capital. Aun así, en ambas ciudades aprendemos la prominencia de las relaciones de subordinación de otras áreas centrales al centro, a pesar de las relaciones de competencia y la complementariedad observadas. Aunque el centro de Presidente Prudente presenta notable concentración y diversidad de bienes y servicios ofrecidos y alta complejidad del capital de las empresas presentes, coexiste con un importante centro comercial con el cual tece relaciones de complementariedad y mayor número de hipermercados que ejercen las relaciones de competencia en mayores repercusiones sobre la centralidad del centro preexistente. / 2016/03757-3 / 2013/22479-6

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:51:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissRBS.pdf: 1471006 bytes, checksum: 0193fcfa0f4b5e8f1016b759f9d4a401 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-06-02 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Technology based firms (TBFs) and technology innovation process studies attract several fields of research. According to social networks concepts, the activities of organizations are affected by the relationship between them. This research aims to verify the existence of cooperation networks towards product innovation between TBFs in São Carlos, Araraquara and Ribeirão Preto from the medical and dental device industry and characterize their strength. In that sense, a study of the social network theory and its main concepts, TBFs and industry characteristics is carried out. The development of a methodology and analysis takes place. Variables such as strength of ties and network structure are considered in the analysis. Among the different actors in different networks, those with high centrality measure and importance are distinguished. Results show that cooperation ventures between TBFs are few, instead, many relations with universities and research institutes towards product development are present. Weak and strong ties can be found in this environment. Important actors that influence TBFs and the product development and innovation are market fairs, standardization agencies, trade associations and universities. / As empresas de base tecnológica (EBTs) e os estudos de processos de inovação tecnológica despertam interesse em diversos campos de estudos. Segundo os conceitos da teoria de redes sociais, as formas de relacionamento entre organizações afetam suas atividades. Este trabalho tem como objetivo verificar a existência de redes de cooperação para inovação em produto entre EBTs da região de São Carlos, Araraquara e Ribeirão Preto do setor de equipamentos médico-hospitalar-odontológicos, e caracterizá-las quanto à força da ligação. Para tanto é realizado um estudo da teoria de redes sociais, destacando seus conceitos para analisar uma possível rede de EBTs e uma caracterização das EBTs e do setor considerado. O desenvolvimento de uma metodologia e modo de análise destas relações é realizado. Variáveis como força da ligação e estrutura da rede são consideradas nas análises. Dentre os diferentes atores das redes formadas, são destacados aqueles com índices de centralidades altos e que possuam importância nas diversas redes construídas. Os resultados obtidos pela pesquisa sinalizam poucas relações de cooperação entre EBTs, mas diversas ligações com universidades e centros de pesquisa para o desenvolvimento de produto. Verificou-se também a existência de ligações fracas e fortes nesse ambiente. Atores importantes para o desenvolvimento são os eventos, agentes certificadores, associações de classe e universidades, que influenciam a ação das EBTs.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-18T18:54:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Jacinta.pdf: 1245045 bytes, checksum: 1ef218360086cb6327c248f7c517d8b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-09 / This thesis aims at analyzing the official discourse of the Brazilian Social Assistance Policy on the family and the idea of centrality in the family, from their key documents, both at the level of the general formulation and of the regulation and at the level of technical guidance and standardization of the socioassistencial services, within the period from 1999 to 2011. We seek to understand the contemporary family as a dynamic and contradictory whole, built by the historical, economic, cultural and social. That movement, and as an expression of the diversity and complexity of forms of family life. That movement produces changes in the major determinants of the construction of family concept: the patterns of sexuality and conjugality; the relations of consanguinity and filiation; the cohabitation; and family affection and solidarity. It discusses the approach of the family in demographic studies, highlighting the controversies and the influences of these studies in the Social Assistance Policy. We also analyze the building process of that policy, highlighting its contradictions, innovations and continuities. It discusses the social inequality in Brazil, showing how effective it is in the Brazilian families and among their different configurations.The conception of the Social Assistance Policy is captured within the conflict between the assistencialist tradition and the process of affirmation of rights, while we seeks to understand how the family is inserted into the process of setting up of that policy. Some advances in the legal conceptual field of the Social Assistance Policy of that are highlighted, as well as the limits of the social protection for the families and the key elements for the design of the policy: its specificity in social protection; the intersectionality; and its decentralization in the context of the SUAS. Finally, we analyze the official discourse of the Brazilian Social Assistance Policy, using the method of Discourse Analysis, seeking to understand how the family and the idea of centrality in the family appear as discursive guidelines of the main documents of that Policy: the Organic Law of Social Assistance; the first and second National Policy of Social Assistance (PNAS/1998; 2004), as well as the documents related to basic social protection and the special social protection of the Policy destined to families. In the official discourse of that policy, the family and the centrality in the family appear in an imprecise, diffuse and ambiguous way. The analysis of the documents led to the identification in that discourse of the social stability, the discontinuities, the ruptures, the unspoken and the interdict. The idea of centrality in the family appears in a different way: now it is announced, sometimes it is said, sometimes it is interdicted. / Objetiva-se analisar o discurso oficial da Política de Assistência Social brasileira sobre a família e a ideia de centralidade na família, a partir dos seus documentos principais, tanto no nível da formulação geral e da normatização quanto no nível das orientações técnicas e da padronização dos serviços socioassistenciais, no período de 1999 a 2011. Busca-se compreender a família contemporânea como totalidade dinâmica e contraditória, construída pelo movimento histórico, econômico, cultural e social, e como expressão da diversidade e da complexidade das formas de viver em família. Esse movimento produz alterações nos determinantes principais da construção da concepção de família: os padrões de sexualidade e conjugalidade; as relações de consanguinidade e filiação; a coabitação; a afetividade e a solidariedade familiares. Discute-se a abordagem da família nos estudos demográficos, explicitando as controvérsias e as influências desses estudos na Política de Assistência Social. Analisa-se, ainda, o processo de construção dessa política, destacando suas contradições, inovações e continuidades. Discute-se a desigualdade social no Brasil, evidenciando como ela se efetiva nas famílias brasileiras e entre suas diferentes configurações. A concepção da Política de Assistência Social é apreendida no âmbito do conflito entre a tradição assistencialista e o processo de afirmação dos direitos, ao mesmo tempo em que se busca entender como a família se insere no processo de constituição dessa política. Destacam-se alguns avanços no campo jurídico conceitual na Política de Assistência Social, os limites da proteção social às famílias e elementos fundamentais para a concepção da referida política: a sua especificidade na proteção social; a intersetorialidade; e a sua descentralização no âmbito do SUAS. Por fim, analisa-se o discurso oficial da Política de Assistência Social brasileira, através do método da Análise de Discurso, buscando apreender de que modo a família e a ideia da centralidade na família aparecem como elementos discursivos norteadores dos principais documentos dessa Política: a Lei Orgânica de Assistência Social; a primeira e a segunda Política Nacional de Assistência Social (PNAS/1998; 2004); e os documentos referentes à proteção social básica e à proteção social especial da referida Política direcionadas às famílias. No discurso oficial dessa política, a família e a centralidade na família aparecem de forma imprecisa, difusa e ambígua. A análise dos documentos permitiu identificar nesse discurso: as estabilidades sociais, as descontinuidades, as rupturas, os não ditos e os interditos. A ideia de centralidade na família aparece de forma diferenciada: ora é anunciada, às vezes não é dita, outras vezes é interditada.

A verificação dos processos de mutação do Largo Marquês de Monte Alegre, no bairro do Valongo em Santos e, sua conturbada relação com a faixa portuária e frente de água, são o objetivo desta pesquisa. Partindo da análise sistemática de seus elementos constitutivos: geográficos, arquitetônicos, infra-estruturais, urbanos e sociais, são delineados os fatores que determinaram sua construção, sua centralidade e, posteriormente, os fenômenos de degradação e esvaziamento funcional. Aplica-se o termo zona de fronteira ao lugar, por seu caráter emblemático e mutante, onde, através da compreensão e percepção de seu valor histórico, de memória e permanência do patrimônio urbano, é apontada a possibilidade e desejo de sua recuperação, retomando sua condição de centro e elemento indutor da reconversão de toda área histórica da cidade. / The verification of Largo Marquês de Monte Alegre mutation process, in the neighborhood of Valongo in Santos City, and the complex relationship between Santos port and its waterfront, is the main objective of this research. Starting from the systematic analysis of its constituent elements: geographic, infrastructure, urban and social, its possible to outline the mechanisms that once determinated its construction, its centrality and, later, the degradation process and functional emptiness. The term frontier zone can be applied to this place, due to its emblematic and mutant character, where, through the understanding and perception of its historical value, memory and remains of urban patrimony, it opens the possibility and desire for its recovery, bringing back its center condition and inductor element for the whole regeneration of Santos city historical area.