Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-07T15:08:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 parte1.pdf: 3316328 bytes, checksum: 8cbed9d3036c3be2cf5fa52a1eab66da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-01 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims to realize practical teaching of local history in rural settlements in the municipality of Conde, in the state of Paraiba. To do so, the action contextualized, both the teaching of history, as the rural social movements in a period of increased repression in the history of Brazil: the military dictatorship of 1964. On the assumption of non-neutrality of historical knowledge and the use of this knowledge by the state as a means to handle the population, whether urban or rural, according to their needs. However, against attempts, there are social movements that are fighting to get out of this state of domination and to survive with dignity. This research uses the example of rural social movements during the military regime and in the first decade of the XXI century. To be able to understand the practices of teaching of local history in the settlements of the count, we characterize a local history of such settlements, linking this history to the history of the municipality, the state of the country and the world. It also analyzes the relationship between local history, memory and social identity, for, from then seize opportunities to practice teaching a liberating, where educators and students perceive themselves as builders of knowledge and history. / O presente estudo busca perceber práticas de ensino de história local nos assentamentos rurais no município do Conde, no Estado da Paraíba. Para isso, contextualizamos a ação, tanto do ensino de história, quanto dos movimentos sociais rurais em um dos períodos de maior repressão da história do Brasil: a ditadura militar de 1964. Partimos do pressuposto da não neutralidade do conhecimento histórico e da utilização desse conhecimento pelo Estado como meio de manobrar a população, quer seja ela urbana ou rural, de acordo com suas necessidades. Contudo, na contramão dessa tentativa, existem movimentos sociais que lutam para sair desse estado de dominação e para sobreviver com dignidade. A presente pesquisa utiliza como exemplo os movimentos sociais rurais durante o regime militar e na primeira década do século XXI. Para podermos perceber as práticas de ensino de história local nos assentamentos do Conde, buscamos caracterizar uma história local desses assentamentos, vinculando essa história à história do município, do Estado, do país e do mundo. Também analisamos a relação entre história local, memória e identidade social, para, a partir daí apreender possibilidades de uma prática pedagógica libertadora, onde educadores e educandos percebam-se enquanto construtores do saber e da história.

Paul Ricoeur aborda a questão da comunicação num texto monográfico em 1971, aproximando elementos da fenomenologia e da filosofia analítica, para questionar o modelo vigente nos estudos sobre a comunicação humana, segundo o qual tudo se reduz a um comércio de mensagens entre um emissor e um receptor. Acompanhando a evolução de seu pensamento filosófico é possível complementar essas reflexões primigênias. Surge a possibilidade de uma hermenêutica da comunicação, e talvez de uma filosofia do nós, à luz da hermenêutica filosófica e em estreita relação com o conceito de identidade narrativa. / Paul Ricoeur addresses the issue of communication in a monographic text in 1971, bringing together elements of Phenomenology and Analytic Philosophy, to question the current approach to human communication, according to which everything is reduced to a trade of messages between a sender and a receiver. Accompanying the evolution of Ricoeur philosophical thought, it is possible to complement these initial reflections. The possibility of a hermeneutic of communication, and perhaps of a philosophy of the we (maybe a philosophy of the us), arises in close relation with the philosophical hermeneutics concept of narrative identity.

This study explores the articulation of a popular political identity by the US Senator Bernie Sanders and the political coalition he communicates. The analysis part is conducted on two levels: the construction of the populist signifier ‘the people’ and the construction of the antagonist in Sanders’ political communication. The theoretical part is mostly driven by Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe’s perspective in radical democracy, identity construction, collectiveness and the chain of equivalence. By deploying theoretically unprejudiced approach, the thesis shows how a popular identity, namely ‘the People’, emerges, how it is communicated in order to put forward an alternative reading of populism which is hotly-debated subject among scholars and political scientists. Furthermore, the thesis elaborates how the theoretical discussion proposes a way of understanding the collective subject of ‘the People’ which appears as an identifiable and contra- conjectural category. The analysis ascertains that ‘the people’, as a populist subject, emerges as collective citizens demanding equal rights and taking the larger issues of inequality at stake based on inclusive values and positions, rather than as undemocratic, authoritarian, ethnically and culturally homogenizer subjects. Consequently, any subject causing ‘injustice’ becomes the antagonized other who obliges ‘the People’ to experience misery, oppression, and discrimination. The research tackles how Senator Sanders’ political communication brings disperse identities along with the chain of equivalence, how his movement articulates the political front of ‘the People’, and how it signifies the outsider through dichotomizing the political space. The study concludes that Sanders popular articulation provides a critical perspective for us to read populist zeitgeist of the twenty-first century.

This paper investigates on the self-identification and feeling of belonging among the “Kosovo Albanian” “descendants” in Sweden. This is a study performed through semi-structured interviews of six volunteering participants, born and/or raised in Sweden, whose parents migrated after the 1990 which was the period of Bosnian and Croatian war that caused tensions in the Balkans. The concept of belonging together with the concept of identity, seen as self-identification, personal and collective identity, have guided through the findings of this paper. The result is that, regarding this sample, age of migration, and place of birth seems to matter in more easily defining identity and belonging.

The purpose of this study is to contribute with a greater understanding of how the participants of this study experience that the girl group, which they are a part of, on Facebook influence their self-identity. ● What does it mean for the informants to be a part of their respective girl groups onFacebook? ● What impact has the informant’s membership had on their offline identities? The study analyses six semi structured interviews. The analyses focus on individual’s selfidentity and consists of themes regarding Anthony Giddens theories about self-identity andthe effect of one's lifestyle and group identity, and Erving Goffman’s dramaturgy. The conclusions highlight that Facebook matter in the life of the participants which for instance has affected their offline identities to the extent that it has progressed and developed. For instance, the members confidence has grown since joining their respective groups, which also has led to a greater awareness. Furthermore, the conclusions of this study prove that participants use Facebook in an addictive manner, but instead of having a negative result ontheir lives it has had the opposite. The informants feel belongingness and a connection towards their respective groups.

This work deals with the collective and social identity of the Prague deaf. It is based on the presumption that the deaf can be regarded as a social group with specific characteristics which are interesting from a sociological perspective. The aim of this work is a description and understanding of the mode the deaf relate to each other and the way the social mechanisms are used for this purpose. The crucial chapter deals with the social categorization as a key mechanism for building and maintaining the social identity of the deaf. The following part is devoted to the collective identity, where two ideal types of the deaf collective identity are presented. The work is based on the qualitative research, which was conducted through semi-structured interviews with the deaf, simultaneously translated into Czech. From a methodological point of view, the presented study is based on the principles of the Grounded theory. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

The diploma thesis deals with the theme of volunteering of seniors in the community. The work focuses on the specifics of volunteering of seniors, emphasizing the benefits of volunteering for participating seniors and how to identify them with other groups of people. Using a qualitative research work, it examines on a sample of eight respondents how these senior volunteers perceive the benefits of volunteering, how they relate to the geographical location in which they work, and what communities they form through volunteer participation. Key words: Volunteering, volunteering of seniors, benefits of volunteering, senior, old age, community, collective identit

The thesis deals with choices made by women on maternity leave living in Prague, predominantly in the area of work and family life. Women's choices do not always represent their preferences and are strongly influenced by the institutional conditions and family interests. Women's preferences are also determined by the idea of maternity preferred by them- Another focus of the thesis is the construction of symbolic boundaries between mothers and childless women. Mothers differentiate themselves from childless women based on moral criteria and from each other based on the understanding of motherhood. Mothers tend to describe maternity leave as a happy period and do not think of it as of a loss of freedom or a sacrifice. However, they admit that long-term maternity leave is stereotypical and can induce feelings of isolation. For that reason, a part of women try to break free, at least partially, from the childcare and return into the realm of adults.

The European Union is claimed to exercise significant soft power in world politics due to its numerous ‘soft power resources’ (Nye, 2004: 11) that make it attractive to international audiences. A puzzle arises, however, when we notice that despite its vast ‘resources’, the EU fails to attract the British public, as demonstrated by the recent ‘Brexit’ referendum and the low support for the Union in the UK already before it. In this paper, I challenge the dominant resource-centric understanding of the EU’s soft power by adopting a constructivist approach that links attraction between subjects to perceived collective identity between them. By studying implicit frames in the British ‘identity discourse’, I discover the EU only weakly represented in the United Kingdom’s construction of the ‘self’. Based on my results, I argue that the EU fails to attract Britons, because they perceive their country to have little collective identity with the Union.My results demonstrate that when it comes to studying soft power, the focus needs to be on the audience’s perception. Also, more attention needs to be paid to the EU’s attractiveness to its own populations particularly these days, when the Union appears threatened by increased Euroscepticism in the member states.

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