This thesis deals with what happens linguistically and interactionally in naturally occurring bilingual talk-in-interaction between Danes and Swedes. In the data – collected within the elderly care in a Danish municipality – three Swedish caregivers interact with Danish pensioners and colleagues. Previous research on inter-Scandinavian interaction has mostly been concerned with talk-in-interaction in arranged situations and/or situations where the participants do not interact regularly with other Scandinavians. The talk-in-interaction in the present data, however, has a clear activity context, and the participants are used to talking to people speaking the neighbour language. The aim of this study was to examine how comprehension, understanding and social affiliation were achieved and demonstrated across differences in language, age, nationality and institutional roles. The theoretical and methodological framework includes accommodation theory and conversation analysis. The linguistic aspects of the Swedish speakers’ accommodation to Danish were studied both in a detailed analysis of accommodation on five linguistic levels, and quantitatively in a study of five linguistic variables. One result was that the Swedish caregivers had individual ways of accommodating their language to Danish. The linguistic analyses also indicated that one reason for this accommodation was to make communication flow more efficiently. A CA-study of other-initiated repair showed that four factors in the interactional situation influenced understanding: context, physical distance and orientation, clearness of speech, and neighbour language and accommodation. It could, however, not be shown that the speakers’ use of different linguistic varieties caused a significant number of problems in understanding, or that the participants frequently oriented to such linguistic differences as part of the problem. Compliment sequences and their role in creating social affiliation were studied in another CA-study. They often played the role of introducing a new topic and leading the talk away from the practical chores at hand, thereby reducing the institutional aspect of the situation. The interactional ways of creating comprehension, understanding and social affiliation are likely to be at least as important as linguistic convergence in achieving these goals.

In this article intercultural education is discussed, cases from the Danish upper secondary school are analyzed, and some requirements for further development are proposed. First definitions of the concepts communication, communicative action, intercultural communication and intercultural education are given. Starting from these definitions it is argued that intercultural communication as well as intercultural education is possible. Then two cases are analyzed. Finally – in the Discussion – it is underlined that the students’ metareflection on the context dependence of the knowledge construction process is a pivotal precondition for successful intercultural education.

On the annexation of Jämtland by Sweden in 1645, Danish clergymen were allowed to remain on condition that they officiated in the Swedish language. This dissertation investigates the changes in the written language of one of these Danish clergymen and is based on the parish register kept by the Rev. Olof Bertilsson between 1636 and 1668. The premise for this study is that individual variations and alterations in written language do not occur arbitrarily, but display systematisation and express social consensus. The analytical basis for this approach is derived from Alexander Zheltukhin’s work on orthographic code theory and employs concepts used in sociolinguistics, but also borrows ideas from theories of mixed languages and second-language learning. Between 1636 and 1646 Olof Bertilsson displays a highly stable orthographic code with few variations. Following his attendance at the Riksdag (the Swedish Parlament) in Stockholm in 1647, a distinct change is evident in his orthography. Changes occur quite early in the spelling of some place-names, personal names and important and frequent ecclesiastical terms. A decisive factor in determining when and how change occurs is his access to examples of Swedish texts. In the last decade of his life, an influx of Swedish clergy, increased contacts with Swedish officials and help from young clergymen with a Swedish education, contribute to a predominance of Swedish forms in Olof Bertilsson’s individual orthographic code.

The corporate world has become increasingly unpredictable and complex. Several companies are dependent on a rapidly developing market. The development has created a positive impact on production but on working conditions it has resulted in increased work pace and load. Psychosocial and stress-related problems has increased. The development has also meant a greater awareness of work environment issues relevant to competition for customers and employees. The committee directive 2008:129, Marknadsorienterade styrmedel på arbetsmiljöområdet, describes the desire and the need to engender a more positive and aggressive treatment in the Swedish work environment policy. In addition to preventing poor work environment it will develop the working environment, develop individuals, been seen as a competitive weapon, and a success factor. On this basis, investigations, SOU 2009:40 and SOU 2009:97, were conducted. As a result of these a pilot of a new regulatory model in Sweden are tested.The study will examine regulatory model, how it works in the current situation and how the proposal that emerged during the years 2009, changes the regulatory model to the type of model that Denmark applies. The systematic work has importance for the supervision on a daily basis. The purpose is to create a good working environment and enforce the law. Therefore, its function and purpose of supervision is discussed. The majority opinions from Swedish social partners is most critical of the introduction, they are of interest in the study and are therefore presented. The study is being conducted from a legal dogmatic and analytical method. The findings of this study is critical to the implementation of the proposals. The reason lies in deficiencies in the investigations, the costs and the social partners' opinions. The positive incentives that the proposals presents does not weigh up for the deficiencies identified. The study also focuses on the importance of proper systematic work and its relationship to a more effective supervision. The key to this is described in the study as increased knowledge and advice in the work area both during education but also in the practical work in organizations. Instead of a new regulatory model should the current model be developed and can then create the desired effect on the labor market.

This dissertation examines the implementation of the SS’s Greater Germanic idea in the Danish border region of South Jutland. Its focus is on how Danish and ethnic German (volksdeutsche) national socialists, organised in their respective Nazi parties, dealt with the SS’s crusade on behalf of a supranational racial vision. The study traces why the two groups reacted so negatively to the SS’s ideology - despite the SS’s power, despite the Greater Germanic promise of high racial prestige, and despite shared service in “Germanic” units of the Waffen-SS. The SS’s attempts to use a race-based ideology to overcome the disputes that divided South Jutland’s two Nazi parties ran aground on fundamentally nationalist identities. For most members of the German minority, the Greater Germanic ideology was a threat. The German minority hoped for border revision; to acknowledge Danes as racial equals would endanger their political goals. Nor were Danish Nazis more enthusiastic. To be sure, the SS’s vision did provide an ideological weapon in the fight against demands for border vision. But the potential imperialism of the Greater Germanic idea worried those who prized continued Danish sovereignty. After all, the first hope of the Danish Nazis was to rule an independent national-socialist Danish state. The study makes it clear, however, that the fate of the Greater Germanic idea cannot be understood simply in terms of Realpolitik. Rather, the conflicts between the SS and its collaboration partners must also be understood as a clash between racial and völkisch concepts of community. The SS's vision of a Greater Germanic Reich based on ideologies of race clashed with the German-minority and Danish national-socialist commitment to Volk-based nationalism. Despite their strong commitment to Nazi ideologies, both collaboration partners found the SS’s racial community “unimaginable”.

Magistro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama atliekų panaudojimo teisinio reguliavimo problema ir jos aspektai, jame taikant dokumentų analizės, istorinį bei lyginamąjį metodus išsiaiškinta ES atliekų tvarkymo teisinių ir strateginių priemonių įtaka Lietuvos vykdomai atliekų panaudojimo politikai, atskleista ,,atliekų panaudojimo“ samprata, atskleistos kylančios problemos Lietuvoje, įgyvendinant atliekų tvarkymo ir panaudojimo teisinį reguliavimą, taip pat atskleistas atliekų tvarkymo ir panaudojimo modelis Danijoje. Magistro baigiamajame darbe, įvertinus Europos Sąjungos ir Lietuvos teises aktus, teismų praktiką, padarytos tokios išvados: Lietuvoje esantis atliekų panaudojimo teisinis reguliavimas tik iš dalies atitinka Europos Sąjungos teisinį reguliavimą, probleminių aspektų yra pakankamai daug, ir juos reikia spręsti, Danijos pavyzdys atliekų tvarkymo ir panaudojimo teisinio reguliavimo prasme yra sektinas. / This Master‘s thesis focuses on problemical aspects in waste reuse legal regulation. Invoking analysis of documents, historical and comparative methods the impact of EU waste management implements in law and strategic implements towards waste management in Lithuania was found out, therefore the conception of ,,waste reuse“ was disclosed, furthermore were shown waste reuse legal regulation problems in Lithuania and was revealed Danish model on waste legal regulation. Conclusions were made: the waste legal regulation model corresponds to EU model only partly, there are too many problemical aspects in this area, which need to be resolved, Danish example is the one to strive to.

Thesis (MPhil (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008. / The media plays a fundamental role in shaping societies’ opinions about topical issues. Most human beings depend upon either the print media (newspapers/magazines), television or radio as their sources of news. The advent of the internet since the 1990s revolutionised the media world and created an immediacy on the impact of news like no other previous medium could provide, as it had a combination of audio and visual material. The most effective demonstration of such immediacy would be that of the impact of the September 11 attacks in the USA in 2001. The aftermath of the media’s impact still resonates throughout the world today, especially its impact on those who follow the Islamic faith. This paper aims to explore the impact of the media on this newly derived concept of Islamophobia, especially post 9/11. It includes a case study of the Islamophobic Danish cartoon controversy that occurred in February 2006. This paper discusses the concept of Islamophobia and anti-Islamism, as well as how the events of 9/11 and its media coverage contributed towards the worsening of this sentiment across the globe. The conclusion reached is that instead of the media acting as a mediator between Western society and the global Muslim community and creating an atmosphere of each understanding the other, it acted negatively against Islam, the world’s fastest growing religion.

Inom Norden finns ett samarbete och en politisk satsning på att förstärka grannspråksundervisningen i skolan, vilket framgår i avtal som exempelvis deklarationen om nordisk språkpolitik. Men hur ser arbetet med att stärka grannspråksundervisningen ut? Denna studie syftar till att undersöka förhållandet mellan deklarationen om nordisk språkpolitik och de skandinaviska skolornas styrdokument. Stämmer målen och kraven i styrdokumenten överens med målen som finns i deklarationen? För att undersöka detta genomfördes analyser av dokumenten samt kvalitativa intervjuer med tre sakkunniga personer från de tre skandinaviska länderna; Anna Hannesdóttir, Heidi Lønne Grønseth och Lis Madsen. Resultat från textanalyser och intervjuer visar att det finns en förhållandevis stor diskrepans mellan styrdokumenten och deklarationen men också att det skiljer sig länderna emellan. De danska styrdokumenten förhåller sig närmast till innehållet i deklarationen av nordisk språkpolitik. Det land vars styrdokument förhåller sig längst ifrån deklarationen är Sverige. / Within the Nordic countries, there is a cooperation and a political investment in strengthening the teaching of neighbouring languages in school. This is shown by agreements such as the Declaration on a Nordic Language Policy. How is the declaration carried out within the Nordic countries? This study aims to examine the relations between the Declaration on a Nordic Language Policy and the curriculums in the Scandinavian schools. Do the aims and requirements in the curriculums agree with the aims of the declaration? To examine this, analyses of the documents were carried out as well as qualitative interviews with three experts from the three Scandinavian countries; Anna Hannesdóttir, Heidi Lønne Grønseth and Lis Madsen. The results show a quite considerable discrepancy between the curriculums and the declaration, but also a difference between the countries. The Danish curriculum is the one that mirrors the Declaration on a Nordic Language Policy the closest. The country whose curriculum mirrors the declaration the least, is Sweden.

Submitted by Clebson Anjos (clebson.leandro54@gmail.com) on 2016-02-23T19:30:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 45551122 bytes, checksum: fb43a0dbaa9ea2f75747bd4741329396 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-23T19:30:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 45551122 bytes, checksum: fb43a0dbaa9ea2f75747bd4741329396 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-06-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The research brings some previous movies of the Danish filmmaker that keep a relation with the aesthetic atmosphere and extra-filmic performance embraced, and, through an approach about the stylistic, mythical and performatic language, makes a poetic essay on the theme. The present study establishes reflections on the technical resources (photography, color temperatures, edition) as well as about the mise en scène that the filmmaker uses to narrate such apocalyptic plot. This imagery speech was an instrument to work with issues related to finitude, the cosmogony, the melancholy and the imaginary. The dissertation also analyzes the performative role of the author and how this content can influence the viewer’s fruition, it also considerates how this process - before the press - functions as a crucial element of insertion of Danish cinema in the international market, specifically the production company founded by Trier and Peter Aalbeak, the Zentropa.The main theoretical support to deal with authorship, extra film and contemporary melancholy are: Michel Foucault, Mikhail Bahktin and Maria Rita Kehl and to understand the archetypes and the filmic aesthetics in the narrative: Carl Jung, Gilbert Durand, David Bordwell, Jack Stevenson Giorgio Agamben and Arthur Schopenhauer. / A dissertação visa investigar a abordagem fílmica do fim dos tempos em Melancholia (2011) de Lars Von Trier e a performance midiática do diretor no contexto extra-filme de divulgação da obra. A pesquisa revisa algumas narrativas anteriores do cineasta dinamarquês que dialogam com a atmosfera estética e a encenação extra-fílmica abarcadas, e, através de uma abordagem quanto à linguagem estilístca, mítica e performática, traz um desdobramento ensaístico acerca da temática. No presente estudo são instauradas reflexões quanto aos recursos técnicos (fotografia, temperaturas de cor, montagem), assim como, acerca da mise en scène que o cineasta se utiliza para narrar tal enredo apocalíptico. A partir desse discurso imagético se parte para tratar de questões relativas à finitude, à cosmogonia, à melancolia e ao imaginário. O trabalho ainda analisa a atuação performática do autor e como esse conteúdo pode influenciar a fruição do espectador, além de considerar como esse processo perante a imprensa funciona como um elemento crucial de inserção do cinema dinamarquês no mercado internacional, especificamente da produtora fundada por Trier e Peter Aalbeak, a Zentropa. Os principais suportes teóricos para tratar de autoria, extra-filme e melancolia contemporânea são: Michel Foucault, Mikhail Bahktin e Maria Rita Kehl e para entender os arquétipos e a estética fílmica presentes na narrativa: Carl Jung, Gilbert Durand, David Bordwell, Jack Stevenson, Giorgio Agamben e Arthur Schopenhauer.

This study is a comparison of Swedish and Danish legislation on recycling of MSWI (Municipal Solid Waste Incineration) residues for construction purposes. The aim has been to look for differences and figure out whether these could be a reason for the minor use of MSWI ashes in Sweden compared to Denmark. To do this, text analysis has been performed on Swedish and Danish environmental legislation with focus on recycling of incineration ashes for constructions. In Denmark, use of incineration ashes was very common and large amounts were recycled during the 1980’s and 1990’s. The new legislation, more similar to the Swedish in terms of an increased need for assessments along with tightened limits for hazardous substances, has diminished the use. This shows that changes in Danish legislation towards the Swedish complicate the use of incineration ashes. Thereby the minor use of ashes from MSWI in Sweden could, at least partially, be explained by differences in Danish and Swedish legislation.