A multi-decadal survey program undertaken at the Collaroy-Narrabeen embayment in SE Australia identifies medium-term (~2-7 year) cycles of both erosion and accretion across the entire embayment ('beach oscillation') and at its two extremities ('beach rotation'). These cycles have been observed to respond to phase shifts in the El Ni??o/Southern Oscillation (ENSO). To investigate wave and climate controls of embayment variability in finer detail, this study combines historical surveys with 45 years of wave data from the ERA-40 reanalysis and four years of high-resolution beach measurements using RTK-GPS and image-derived survey techniques. ENSO and Southern Annular Mode (SAM) controls of wave variability in the Sydney region are first explored. In general, wave heights increase/decrease and wave directions become more easterly/southerly during La Ni??a/El Ni??o phases. A positive correlation is observed between the SAM and summer wave heights, and a negative correlation between the SAM and winter wave directions. Storm variability is observed to be modified by the ENSO, but not the SAM. In particular, La Ni??a phases are generally associated with longer duration, higher energy events from a more easterly direction when compared to those during El Ni??o phases. Wave controls of embayment variability are subsequently investigated. In the short-term (days - months), beach oscillation/rotation is observed to be the most dominant process, accounting for approx. 60%/20% of overall embayment variability. Beach oscillation is related to changes in wave height and storms, whereas beach rotation is related to changes in wave direction and/or wave period. An empirical model that estimates the beach response to individual storm events is developed. In the longer-term (months - years), beach rotation is observed to respond to both wave heights and directions. Larger waves are sheltered somewhat at the southern end, creating an apparent clockwise rotation under energetic wave conditions. Clockwise/anticlockwise rotations are also observed to follow southerly/easterly wave shifts at lags of up to 12 months. Comparisons between the ENSO and beach oscillation/rotation agree with previous observations that El Ni??o/La Ni??a phases are associated with an overall accretion/erosion and clockwise/anticlockwise rotation of the embayment. In general, the SAM shows little influence on embayment variability. While it is clear that beach oscillation is driven by cross-shore processes, to what extent beach rotation is a longshore and/or cross-shore phenomena requires further investigation.

Despite soccer being arguably the world's most popular sport, Australia's national soccer competition has consistently failed to attract the prolonged mainstream support that is given to the comparable rugby league, Australian Rules football and rugby union competitions. This is a puzzling situation considering Australia's British lineage, soccer's British origins and the game's pre-eminent international status. Indeed, soccer's lowly position in Australia is paradoxical given the sport's historically dominant status in Britain and Australia's traditional adoption of Anglocentric culture. Most research into the situation has pointed to the sport's inability to shake-off the adverse effects of a lingering connection to post-World War II immigration and certain ethnic communities. Soccer has, in the eyes of many, been unable to access popular culture primarily because it has been viewed by the mainstream as 'foreign' or inherently un-Australian. The sport has clashed with traditional notions of national identity even though, historically, the Australian men's national team has received relatively strong community support. Strangely though, there has been little attention paid to the role the mass media has played in establishing, maintaining and even altering soccer's position in relation to mainstream Australian culture. While some researchers, such as Mosely and Hay, have criticised the media's coverage of violence associated with soccer at the domestic level, there has been no textual analysis of the mass media's role in soccer's marginal position in Australian popular culture. Considering that the mass media is critical to the development, reinforcement and maintenance of culture and has been implicated in shaping entire professional sporting competitions to its own ends, this is an area of considerable scholarly neglect. By undertaking a textual analysis of the mainstream newspaper coverage given to two critical periods in the history of the Australian men's soccer team it becomes clear that there is marked divergence between the media's treatment of internationally-based soccer and domestically-based soccer. This divergence in coverage has contributed to the development of two distinct mediated 'realities' of soccer, which in turn has influenced the game's ambivalent place in mainstream Australian culture. First, the media's control over the news production process has given it the ability to send textual messages that elevate soccer from its traditional cultural exclusion- and establish the national team as part of the historically dominant Anglocentric mainstream culture in Australia. This process has been inextricably linked to the increasing ethnic diversity of Australia's population and the dominant culture's efforts to maintain, despite this emerging plurality, the preeminence of a traditional Australian 'way of life'. Second, the media's messages have helped to maintain the ascendancy of the dominant culture by establishing the characteristics of modern day corporatised sport as the 'normal' expectation for soccer's development in Australia. As a result, soccer's future in Australia is deemed to be limited until it is able to conform fully to the commercialised and professionalised mode of production that defines the sport overseas.

Dans de nombreux domaines, il est primordial de bien comprendre la dynamique de structures complexes. Les outils numériques modernes, comme la méthode des éléments finis, ont grandement amélioré le niveau de modélisation mais sont souvent limitées au cadre linéaire. Pourtant l'évolution des structures, plus légères et plus flexibles, vers un comportement non linéaire suggère la mise en œuvre de méthodes adaptées, couplant rapidité et précision. C'est dans cet esprit que ce travail de recherche développe une méthode de réduction de modèles non linéaires basée sur les variétés invariantes.

<p>I denna rapport behandlas verktyget FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis), dess användning och genomförande på identifierade komponenter som ingår i elmotorer tillverkade hos ABB LV Motors i Västerås. Målet med detta arbete har varit att ge lärdom om metoden FMEA på företaget för att möjliggöra användandet av verktyget bland medlemmarna på företaget och att vi implementerar verktyget på befintlig motor för att analysera de felsätt som kan uppstå. Eftersom ABB just nu har ett pågående projekt med en ny motor kan våra slutgiltiga felanalyser även ge dem information om vilka ändringar och åtgärder som kan vara till nytta vid utformningen av den nya motorn.</p><p>Efter två veckors praktik i verkstan och en grundlig genomgång av företagets reklamationer kunde vi avgränsa arbetet genom att identifiera de komponenter som analyserna skulle genomföras på. Efter en genomgång tillsammans med våra handledare på företaget kom vi fram till att utföra våra analyser på fem komponenter, två av dem framstod som mycket kritiska som upptäcktes redan vid genomgång av reklamationerna.</p><p>Komponenterna som vi har analyserat är:</p><p>1. Lager</p><p>2. Lindning</p><p>3. Tätning av uttagslåda och uttagslock</p><p>4. Fötter</p><p>5. Sköldar</p><p>Lager som är den näst största kritiska komponent som vi tittat på är en del i motorn som är väldigt känslig, det är viktigt att följa instruktioner för underhåll och smörjning för att undvika för tidiga lagerskador.</p><p>Lindningen är klart den mest kritiska komponenten i våra analyser, detta är för att det är så mycket som spelar in lindningens funktion, koppartrådar, isoleringar, impregnering samt under själva processen kan det uppstå felsätt som påverkar lindningen negativt både direkt men även i ett senare skede då motorn är i drift.</p><p>Tätning av uttagslåda och lock beskriver de felsätt som kan uppstå då tätningen inte är effektiv och tät, vad som kan hända då det kommer in smuts och fukt och hur det eventuellt kan påverka plint eller andra elektriska applikationer. Felanalysen på fötter och sköldar behandlar mycket designfel, toleransfel och hur det påverkar komponenterna.</p><p>I rapporten beskrivs utförligt komponenternas funktioner, processer, underhåll samt det är i princip vad vi har kommit fram till i våra felanalyser fast vi i rapporten beskriver det mer utförligt. Efter beskrivning av varje komponent följer ett FMEA för respektive komponent och de FMEA:n är våra resultat av arbetet, där visas åtskilliga felsätt som är möjliga att uppstå hos varje komponent och även vilka felsätt som är mest kritiska att ta itu med.</p> / <p>In this report we discuss the tool, FMEA (Failure Mode Effect Analysis), we look at its usage and realization on identified components that are included in electrical motors made at ABB LV Motors in Västerås. Our goals with this work have been to give knowledge about the method FMEA to the company so they can learn to use this tool and for us to implement the tool on an existing application to analyze the failures that can occur. Since ABB have a project ongoing with a new motor our analyses can also give them input on what changes and actions to take on the new motor.</p><p>After two weeks training in the workshop and a thorough survey of the companys warranty claims we could define our work by identifying which components we would survey our analyses on. After a run through with our instructors at the company we draw the conclusion to survey our work on five components, which there are two components that are very critical that we discovered during our information collection with the warranty claims.</p><p>The analyzed components are:</p><p>1. Bearing</p><p>2. Winding</p><p>3. Sealing of terminal box and terminal cap.</p><p>4. Motor feet’s</p><p>5. Shields</p><p>Bearing which is after the winding the most critical component, it is a sensitive part and it is very important to follow instructions for maintenance and lubrication to avoid early bearing damages.</p><p>Winding is the clearest most critical component in our analyzes, this is because there is many parts that plays role in the windings function, copper wires, isolations, impregnation and during the process you can have failures that affect the winding in a negative way immediately but also in a later phase when the motor is running.</p><p>Sealing of the terminal box and cap describes those failures that can occur when the sealing is not effective and compact, and what happens is that you get dirt and damp in to the box and how it possibly can affect the connection box and other electrical applications.</p><p>The failure analyze on feets and shields deals with design faults, tolerance faults and how it affects the components.</p><p>In the report we describe the functions of the components, processes, maintenance and that is in general what we have in our FMEA analyses, however in the report we describe it more thoroughly. After the description of every component we have the FMEA of respective component attached. The FMEA analyses are our results in this work, in the analyses we show many possible failures at each component and also which failures are most critical to deal with.</p>

<p>Uppsatsen syftar att genom svenska Elle, amerikanska Vouge och mexikanska Marie Claire ge en ökad förståelse och kunskap om texternas dolda grundvärderingar och grepp och hur dessa kan påverka läsarens identitet.</p>

<p>Aim: As a result of growing globalization and competition the issue of internationalization is becoming more and more important and relevant for companies all over the world. With fading barriers to trade, investment opportunities and technological innovation, more and more companies see new openings for increased profit and growth by going international. During the last number of years new Swedish fashion brands and clothing companies have entered the international market, and Swedish clothing in general is gaining wider interests outside Swedish borders. Due to this I found it interesting to look at how Swedish small and medium-sized clothing companies start their international expansion, particularly in terms of market selection and choice of entry mode. Polarn O. Pyret (PO.P) is a Swedish clothing company and one of the leading concepts for children wear in Sweden. PO.P has successively expanded internationally and is becoming bigger and bigger. The company was therefore a good source to gain a deeper understanding of the internationalization for Swedish clothing companies.</p><p>Method: This thesis has a descriptive and exploratory purpose and a qualitative approach. Furthermore, a single case study strategy has been used. The data is collected both from primary resources such as interviews by mail, face to face and phone, while secondary data is collected from homepages and annual reports. For the analysis a within-case data analysis has been made.</p><p>Result & Conclusions: The main finding for this thesis is that PO.P does not follow the traditional Uppsala model for internationalization. PO.P seems to penetrate new and more distant market stepwise while gaining more knowledge and experience about internationalization, but only by the use of franchising. The motivators to go international for PO.P can be described as proactive as growth and profit are the main motivators, instead of reactive such as demand from someone else. The result also implies that market condition in terms of competition and growth potential, in addition to socio-cultural factors play an important role in the internationalization process for PO.P.</p><p>It seems that it is important for PO.P when selecting the right market for internationalization, that the market is close in geographical distance, in addition to low psychical distance, as the customers in these markets can more easily understands the brand and the concept, due to similarities in culture, climate and development.</p><p>PO.P is using a combination of wholly owned concept stores and franchise stores in Sweden and master franchise agreements internationally. By using franchise agreements PO.P does not have to be responsible of all the risk and they can easily gain experience by the franchisee. Using master franchising can on the other hand also give them less control over the activities in the markets abroad.</p>

<p>This work focuses on different kinds of Switch Mode Power Amplifiers (SMPAs) using LDMOS technologies. It involves a literature study of different SMPA concepts. Choosing the suitable class that achieves the high efficiency was the base stone of this</p><p>work. A push-pull class J power amplifier (PA) was designed with an integrated LC resonator inside the package using the bondwires and die capacitances. Analysis and motivation of the chosen class is included. Designing the suitable Input/Output printed circuit board (PCB) external circuits (i.e.; BALUN circuit, Matching network and DC</p><p>bias network) was part of the work. This work is done by ADS simulation and showed a simulated result of about 70% drain efficiency for 34 W output power and 16 dB gain at 2.14 GHz. Study of the losses in each part of the design elements is also included.</p><p>Another design at lower frequency (i.e.; at 0.94 GHz) was also simulated and compared to the previous design. The drain efficiency was 83% for 32 W output power and 15.4 dB Gain.</p>

<p>To understand students, their world and what makes them act in a certain way or how they form groups in school is a very important part of a teachers work. You get a better understanding for the students behavior by having knowledge about how they look upon</p><p>themselves and other students, to prevent prejudice and tendenses to bullying and beeing an “outsider”. Clothes and fashion are often a big part of the students identity buliding and how they look upon themselves and get looked at by others.</p><p>We have chosed to exeminate this phenomenon among girls since they are often more exposed by the media for example and with unreasonable beautyideals and other external factors that many girls try to live up to in todays society.</p><p>We have made a survey regarding the usage of clothes and fashion in the making of an identety with totally fiftyeight girls in the ninth grade on two different public schools in Haninge and Tyresö municipality.</p> / <p>Att förstå elevers värld och vad som kan göra att de beter sig på ett visst sätt, eller hur de bildar grupperingar i skolan är som lärare en viktig del i arbetet. Eftersom att man får en bättre förståelse för elevernas beteende genom att ta reda på hur de faktiskt själva ser på saker och ting, kan man som lärare också arbeta med eleverna för att få bort eventuella fördomar och tendenser till utanförskap eller mobbning. Ofta spelar kläder och mode en stor roll i</p><p>elevernas identitetsarbete och hur de ser på sig själva och hur de i sin tur blir sedda av andra.</p><p>Vi har valt att undersöka detta fenomen bland tjejer då det ofta är de som är mest utsatta av bland annat media med orimliga skönhetsideal och andra yttre faktorer som många unga tjejer</p><p>försöker leva upp till i dagens samhälle.</p><p>Vi har gjort en enkätundersökning rörande användandet av kläder och mode i skapandet av en identitet med totalt femtioåtta tjejer i årskurs nio på två olika kommunala skolor i Haninge och Tyresö kommun.</p>

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Over the past few years Swedish fashion has expanded and gained attention, both in Sweden and abroad. Every year fashion weeks take place around the world with the purpose of showcasing fashion designers new collections for the up-coming season.</p><p>Fashion week in Sweden is arranged in Stockholm four times a year in the end of January, in February, in the turn of June and July and in August. The different occasions have different activities and focus. The main focus of January and June/July are fashion shows and the main focus of February and August are trade fairs for buyers and wholesalers. The fashion shows and trade fairs are closed to the public, but other fashion events directed to the public takes place during these weeks. Seeing as many stakeholders are involved in fashion week they all have some kind of relationship to one another. This makes fashion week in Stockholm an interesting case to study and analyze from a sociological theoretical approach.</p>

<p>Intresset för ekologiskt mode har ökat tack vare dagens intensiva klimatdebatt och konsumenterna vill handla mer miljövänligt. Större företag anpassar alltmer sin verksamhet efter en miljöprofil och det har skett en ökning av ekologiska modeföretag.</p><p>Undersökningen går ut på att se om det finns en möjlighet till långsiktig överlevnad för de mindre ekologiska modeföretagen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att analysera och utvärdera miljö som marknadsföringsstrategi inom textilbranschen.</p><p>Materialet som ligger till grund för undersökningen är intervjuer med fyra olika modeföretag samt enkätundersökning med tillhörande konsumenter.</p><p>Resultatet visar att intresset för ekologiska/miljömärkta kläder är stort men att konsumenterna prioriterar utseende och pris vid köp av kläder vilket tyder på att de ställer sig låginvolverade till ekologiska/miljömärkta kläder. Företag med oäkta eko-struktur marknadsför inte sitt gröna sortiment medan företag med äkta eko-struktur genomsyras av miljötänk.</p><p>Slutsatsen blir att de mindre ekologiska modeföretagen med en äkta eko-struktur måste ha en dialog med sina kunder och skapa relationer för att kunna skapa mervärde. De har en stark grund att bygga konkurrensfördelar på men behöver inspirera konsumenter så de ställer sig höginvolverade till miljömärkta/ekologiska plagg vilket leder till långsiktig överlevnad.</p>