This thesis concentrates on the examination of the effectiveness of development assistance and its comparison to the effectiveness of the integration of developing countries into foreign trade. The main aim of this study is to determine, whether the effectiveness of development assistance could be increased through closer interconnection with trade support. Consequently, the possibilities of the Czech Export Bank's participation in such arrangements are examined. The dependence of gross domestic product, gross national income per capita and life expectancy at birth on the amounts of development aid received and on the openness of development economies is measured by Pearson's coefficient of correlation and subsequently compared. All indicators were obtained from the databases of the OECD and the WB. The results showed a much more positive connection between openness and the factors examined than they did for the correlation between the amounts of the development aid received and the same indicators. The investigation in the Czech Export Bank revealed various opinions, it certified, however, that a closer connection between development assistance and the business sphere can be advisable. The support of the integration of developing economies into international trade was proven to be effective in a long run and the resources of development assistance should be used to establish the necessary technological and theoretical background to make it happen.

<p>Bachelor essay in political science by Linus Johansson, fall of 2006</p><p>“Aid and corruption: How do aid donors handle the corrupt regimes?”.</p><p>Supervisor: Jan Olsson.</p><p>The purpose of this essay is to describe the aid relation between donors and corrupt</p><p>governments, to find out whether donors reckon on the problems with implementation of aid</p><p>to corrupt governments when they decree their aid policy. There are a lot of different ways to</p><p>implement the economic aid that are being used by the donors today, and this essay will try to</p><p>exemplify the different methods of implementing the economic aid. To elucidate the relation</p><p>between donors and corrupt regimes, the essay analyzes three themes: the first two questions</p><p>are about the policies used by the donors, and the third question are used to shed light on the</p><p>actual implementation of aid to corrupt governments. The three themes are: i) Different aid</p><p>policies used by the donors ii) Do donors use particular policies against corrupt regimes? iii)</p><p>Do corrupt regimes receive less foreign aid? This study stresses the fact that donors do not</p><p>act like a group unit in the matter of development assistance policy, instead they act in</p><p>several separate groups, this may complicate the endeavour of making economic aid effective.</p><p>The conclusion of the essay is that corrupt governments are treated the same way that lesscorrupted</p><p>government are, nothing today indicates that donors would give less economic aid</p><p>to the corrupt regimes. This is interesting considering that donors outwards maintain the</p><p>importance of rewarding good institutions, that signifies that those who in practice does not</p><p>attach great importance in this matter does not fulfil their own policies. It is an important</p><p>issue because corruption seems to debilitate the effects of development assistance, but</p><p>development assistance having problem of debilitate the corruption in the recipients’</p><p>countries.</p>

Die internationale Staatengemeinschaft steht Sezessionsbestrebungen zur Aufspaltung bestehender Staaten gewöhnlich ablehnend gegenüber. Gleichzeitig wendet sie in vielen Ländern Instrumente der Entwicklungspolitik an und greift so auch in den dortigen politischen Prozess ein. Untersucht wird, inwiefern Entwicklungspolitik so gestaltet werden kann, dass sie nicht, quasi als Nebenwirkung, einer Sezessionsbewegung zum Durchbruch verhilft. Betrachtet wird dabei neben der gezielten Förderung wirtschaftlichen Wachstums auch das Instrument der Dezentralisierung, das oft als Mittel zur „Beruhigung“ separatistischer Bestrebungen vorgeschlagen wird. Zuvor jedoch wird aufgewiesen, dass eine Politik, die Sezessionen verhindern will, zumindest in vielen Fällen auch moralphilosophisch schlüssig begründet werden kann. Den Abschluss der Arbeit bilden drei Fallstudien zu Sezessionen auf dem Gebiet der ehemaligen Sowjetunion. / The international community is usually set against secessionist movements that aim at the splitting up of existing states. At the same time, in many countries instruments of development policy are applied, that automatically influence the political process there. The investigation here seeks to answer the question whether development policies can be designed in a way that they don’t unwillingly trigger secession as a side effect. In doing so, the focus is not only on growth-enhancing policies, but also on the instrument of decentralization, which is often presented as a tool suited to appease separatist movements. Prior to that, though, it is demonstrated that a policy aiming at the prevention of secessions can – in many cases at least – be justified with sound arguments of moral philosophy. The concluding chapter looks at three case studies of secessions that have been attempted on the territory of the former Soviet Union.

This thesis is the result of nine weeks fieldwork in Babati and Bukoba districts in Northern Tanzania during spring 2012. The purpose of this thesis is to study why development projects on fuel-efficient stoves have had a limited adoption in these two regions and what obstacles and opportunities there are for further spread of fuel-efficient cooking stoves. Semi-structured interviews were the main method used for collecting the empirical data, which was then analysed from a socio-economic perspective with help from the framework of Sustainable Rural Livelihoods. The Results showed that people’s perceptions of fuel-efficient stoves are positive but that projects face many obstacles connected to socio-economic conditions. Knowledge on how to get stoves and access to financial capital is main obstacles for further spreading. Social networks and organisations are channels for information, but to spread outside these networks will need complementing strategies from organisations promoting fuel-efficient stoves. Important are also finding ways of making the financial aspect of adopting stoves less, like using materials with lower costs, using stove-models with low costs and training people in building stoves so re-investments are unnecessary and dependency of funding from organisations less. Gender is a factor affecting the adoption of fuel-efficient stoves, regarding access to assets and generated benefits. There is therefore an importance of involving gender throughout the different stages of the projects.

Diss. Umeå : Univ., 2003.

Il y a près de quatre décennies, Claude LEGAIT un Français de Vandoeuvre, à la suite d’un séjour à Poa en Haute-Volta, actuel Burkina-Faso, crée en 1978, avec quelques amis, dont Guy AUFRERE, le premier président Les Amis de Sabou, association loi 1901, destinée à venir en aide à ses amis voltaïques, lesquels manquaient de tout ou presque, notamment dans les secteurs de la santé et de l’éducation. La jeune association lance, sous la tutelle de la F.M.V.J., ses premiers chantiers envoie des médicaments et engage l’‘‘opération bulldozer’’ qui permet de faire connaitre l’association dans la Z.U.P. de Vandoeuvre et au-delà, et aussi le village de Poa, qui est à cette époque un canton de la sous-préfecture de Sabou. Hommes déterminés, Claude LEGAIT, Guy AUFRERE et son successeur Gérard VOREAUX et bien d’autres encore, hommes et femmes, entament alors les négociations avec les municipalités lorraines pour la mise en place d’un jumelage avec le canton de Poa. Au terme de multiples négociations, le jumelage est finalement conclu entre Vandoeuvre et la sous-préfecture de Sabou en décembre 1982, en présence de Francis CROMBEZ, représentant du maire de Vandoeuvre, Richard POUILLE. Président de 1981 à 2014, Gérard VOREAUX donne plus d’ampleur à l’action de l’association qui entraîne à partir de 1985 la ville allemande de Lemgo dans le jumelage. Dès cet instant, le paysage de Sabou et particulièrement de Poa, grâce au recentrage du jumelage en 1991, se transforme grâce par la présence de centaines de volontaires français venus de la Lorraine travaillant chaque été avec leurs Amis burkinabés, à la construction de dizaines de bâtiments destinés à l’éducation et à la santé prioritairement. En 1994 Les Amis de Sabou deviennent Les Amis de Poa. En 2009, le renouvellement du serment de jumelage entre les maires de Vandoeuvre, Stéphane HABLOT et de Poa, Jean ZONGO apparaît comme le signe de la confiance faite aux acteurs et de la qualité des échanges entre les deux communautés, qui éclaire d’un jour nouveau les relations franco-africaines. / Several decades ago, Claude LEGAIT, a Frenchman of Vandœuvre, create in 1978 with a few friends, one of whom is Guy AUFRERE, an association called Les Amis de Sabou (The Law of Associations, 1901) after one of his travels to Poa in the Republic of Upper Volta, now Burkina-Faso. The organisation was established to aid said friends in the region, who often faced precarious living standards in health and education. To change the situation, the association led by Claude LEGAIT and its president Guy AUFRERE, organised under FMVJ’s supervision the first projects involving the shipment of medication, and the start of Operation Bulldozer, which would make the association known both in the ZUP of Vandœuvre and beyond, but also in the village of Poa, which at that time was a canton of the sub prefecture of Sabou.Claude LEGAIT and Guy AUFRERE were determined. The successor of AUFRERE, Gerard VOREAUX, and several others, started to negotiate with municipalities of the Lorraine region so to institute a town twinning initiative with the canton of Poa. After various negations, the town twinning project was finally established between Vandœuvre and the sub prefecture of Sabou in december 1982, in presence of Francis CROMBEZ, the representative of the mayor of Vandœuvre, Richard POUILLE. President from 1981 to 2014, Gerard VOREAUX gives more scope to the action of the association which trains from 1985 the German city of Lemgo in the twinning.From that moment on, Sabou’s, and more particularly Poa’s landscape was going to transform, thanks to a reformation of the town twinning agreement in 1991. Equally, thousands of French volunteers coming from Lorraine worked with their Burkinabe peers to edify infrastructure for education and health purposes. In 1994, Les Amis de Sabou was renamed Les Amis de Poa.In 2009, the renewing of the town twinning agreement between the mayor of Vandœuvre, Stéphane HALBOT and the mayor of Poa, Jean ZONGO were thought as a token of faith in all the actors involved, while the quality of exchanges between the town twins reflected the positive prospect of a convincing Franco-African alliance.

Analysis of conditions for small and medium-sized enterprises development in the region of South Bohemia focused on innovative aktivities and possibility of their cooperation.

Magister Administrationis - MAdmin / This research proposed to look at quality standards of evaluations in economic and financial respect undertaken on behalf of the European Commission in order to assess the performance of its development assistance in a policy-driven context. the research found that evaluation on the basis of an individual project is often flawed and lacks quality in terms of the applied evaluation method. / South Africa

Magister Artium - MA / The conventional top-down approach to development has been rendered unsustainable and is regarded as a poor strategy to achieving community empowerment and development. The past few decades have seen the promotion of bottom-up techniques whereby governments and developing agents collaborate with target beneficiaries and view them as equal partners in the development of their own communities. It is generally believed that the participation of farmers in agricultural projects improves the performance of the agricultural sector. However, despite the adoption of participatory models, agricultural societies have remained plagued by poverty. It is against this background that this research using the Mazowe District as a case study investigated the nature and extent of participation by small scale farmers in the Development Aid from People to People (DAPP) Farmers’ Club in order to document the extent to which farmers have been empowered. The study made use of both quantitative and qualitative methodologies to gather relevant data. Broadly the findings indicate that the participation of farmers in the DAPP Farmers' Club project was substantively high. The results also suggest that the project empowered farmers to farm more productively in the case study area. In light of the findings the study recommends that governments and NGOs should follow the values and principles of the people-centred development (PCD) theory when implementing agricultural projects as it has proven to be an empowering approach. This practice may transform societies as there is an opportunity to address societal needs at grassroots level. In view of this research it can be argued that capacitating farmers through training and improving their farming skills can improve their agricultural production.

This thesis examines the impact of the colonial past on contemporary development. More specifically, it investigates how colonial power – conceived as discourses which emerged during colonisation and their interconnectedness with the material world – continues to shape present-day ideas and practices of Development actors from the global North that intervene in the lives of people in the global South. The colonial legacy of German Development cooperation is under-researched, and postcolonial Development Studies have yet to examine specific policies and their implementation in detail. This study focuses on German Development intervention with a focus on population and reproductive health issues in Tanzania, a former German colony. In order to investigate the influence of colonial modes of thought and practice on contemporary Development, this thesis develops and implements the methodology of genealogical dispositif analysis. Genealogy traces the historical emergence of policies and examines their present-day persistence, while dispositif analysis is an extension of discourse analysis enabling the research of discourses and their relationship with practices, institutions, and political-economic conditions. The study thus analyses the emergence of German interventions in what is now Tanzania with regard to population and reproductive health during Germany’s colonisation of “German East Africa” and compares these interventions to present-day German Development cooperation in Tanzania, where reproductive health is one of the focal areas. Drawing on archives, interviews, and observations in Germany and Tanzania, this research finds similarities between contemporary German policy and practice regarding population control and colonial-era interventions. In particular, it shows how racialised, gendered discourses are connected to philanthropic legitimising strategies and the political economy of population control. In addition, policies and practices regarding obstetric care in contemporary German Development aid reflect hierarchies between Western and East African practices which are similar to those formed during colonial rule. Since the colonial period, East African obstetric care has been constructed as in need of catching up with German childbirth practices. In terms of how and with what effects colonial power is challenged in contemporary German Development cooperation, this research found that while narratives of German professionals reveal some doubt and uncertainty regarding dominant Development thinking and practice, they do not represent a fundamental threat to the persistence of colonial power. Colonial power tends to take effect in the face of and despite opposition. The thesis concludes that colonial power continues to significantly shape present-day Development policy and practice.