A partir de la constatation du rôle majeur joué par l’oeuvre théâtrale de Alfredo de Freitas Dias Gomes, dit Dias Gomes [1922-1999], dans la construction de la dramaturgie moderne brésilienne, cette étude se propose de retracer le parcours créatif du dramaturge entre 1937, lorsqu’il publie sa première pièce, jusqu’à sa dernière oeuvre écrite en 1999. Dans la première partie de cette recherche, nous accompagnons les persécutions que Dias Gomes a dû affronter en tant qu’intellectuel de gauche durant le « Estado Novo » de Getúlio Vargas et la dictature militaire instaurée en 1964. Dans la deuxième partie, nous nous penchons sur les pièces écrites au cours des premières années, à partir de 1942. Puis nous suivons son évolution jusqu’à la consécration de son théâtre en 1960. Le troisième volet s’attache aux pièces écrites à partir des années 1960 qui représentent un ensemble d’oeuvres éclectiques que ce génie de la scène a laissées en héritage. / Based on the recognition of the major role played by the theatrical work of Alfredo Dias Gomes de Freitas, said Dias Gomes, in the construction of modern Brazilian drama, this study aims to retrace the creative life of the play writer from 1937, when he published his first piece, until 1999, when he wrote his last work. In the first part of this research, we follow the persecutions that Dias Gomes had to face as a left wing intellectual during the authoritarian regime of the Getúlio Vargas and the military dictatorship starting in 1964. In the second part of this research, we focus the pieces written during his early years, from 1942. Then we follow his evolution until the consecration of his theater in 1960. The third part focuses on written documents from the 1960s that represent a set of eclectic works that this genius of the drama has left as a legacy.

of the thesis Una casa vacía, The Empty House, is a novel written by chilean writer Carlos Cerda. It is set in an empty house where married couple moves in in attempt to save their marriage from crisis. This thesis would like to be an introduction to the motifs which appear here with consideration of historical context and political situacion in Chile during the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. The purpose of this thesis is to put an emphasis on the issue of human rights, freedom and also considerably important autobiographical element - exile. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

During the period of military government in Argentina, Brazil (1964 –1982) and the present day communist Cuban regime, a machinery of cultural repression was established in these countries, these states had a systematic plan of cultural repression of any kind of opposition, dictatorships had an organized and sophisticated operating control over the press and all publications. The dissident writers examined in this dissertation developed strategies of resistance that depended largely on allegory to carry their messages against their respective oppressive regimes. By means of a detailed rhetorical analysis, our study examines the lookings of allegory and cultural resistance under the constraints of repression. Our corpus includes six novels written by dissident writers during the period studied in this dissertation. The fictional narratives selected in this study are divided into novels from Brazil, Argentina and Cuba. The Brazilian novels: of Jorge Amado Dona Flor e seus dois maridos (1966) and Érico Verissimo, Incidente en Antares (1971); two Argentine novels: Ricardo Piglia’s, Respiración artificial (1980) and Martin Khoan’s, Dos veces junio (2002); and by two Cubans: Jesús Díaz, Las iniciales de la tierra (1987) and Zoé Valdés, La nada cotidiana (1995). This dissertation demostrates that allegory and ghosts, as literary figures, can evolve and assume new functions of resisting oppressive governments through confronting, denouncing, identifying and conjuring national traumas as well as adapting themselves to the different political circumstances in which they are used.

This thesis examines the recent emergence of corporeal protest art in Russia. Through analyses of cultural, social, and economic shifts in the post-Soviet Era, I observe how this corporeal turn reflects a significant cultural transition away from the literary text, which has traditionally held a role of major importance in Russian culture. Detailed analysis of the contemporary performances of Pussy Riot and Petr Pavlensky are conducted in order to elucidate the social and political causes and implications of such a shift. Manifestation of oppositional discourse on the site of the human body is understood theoretically through Giorgio Agamben’s biopolitics, Mikhail Bakhtin’s grotesque body, and Inke Arns’ and Sylvia Sasse’s theory of subversive affirmation. Interestingly, this artistic divergence has coincided with the rise of relative economic and social wellbeing in Russia – conditions that tend to foster the development of a burgeoning public sphere, now standing at odds with an increase in political repression. Oppositionists and protest artists are, therefore, exploring new and unconventional ways of expressing dissent. My study contextualizes these new methods of expression within the larger tradition of the cultural expression of political will, examining the ways in which these works are readable through Russian cultural norms and to whom they speak. / Graduate

Argentina can be defined as a country with a long turbulent history. However, at the turn of the 70's and 80's when the country was under the rule of the military junta clearly stands out from this frame. Under the pretext of fight against subversive elements, the army, the police and the intelligence services committed severe human rights violations against citizens who did not approve of the regime or expressed their dissatisfaction with it. The final outcome of this terror were more than 30 000 disappeared people, commonly called desaparecidos, around 500 illegally adopted children and entire families living in the shadow of their sad past until today. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the extent of knowledge of specific actors of the international community (USA and Chile) about the situation in Argentina and to identify their attitude towards the information coming from a country where human rights violations happened on a daily basis. The conclusion aims to assess whether the governments of these three countries operated in some sort of a trilateral relationship, or whether these crimes were a specific internal issue of Argentina.

After nearly forty years his sister disappearance, who was kidnapped, tortured and murdered by the Brazilian civil-military dictatorship, journalist Bernardo Kucinsky writes the novel `K.´ to tell the story of this family trauma, and thus, to bequeath this memory to all its readers. This monograph not only analyses the novel through a literary perspective, but also looks for history and memory theories outlines. Its first chapter examines the relations amongst memory, history and literature in the search to find the role played by each of them in the fight against oblivion and silence. The second one, delves into the remake of historical events distinguished by barbarity and focuses on the relations between literature and memory. Considering their relevance to the understanding of the novel, the third chapter, however, discusses such subject-matters as some concepts of Jewish culture, mostly those referring to memory, history, and death. In the end, this piece defends the need to hand down to future generations the traumatic memories, and most importantly, the subjectivity of feelings involved in these memories. / Após quase quarenta anos do desaparecimento de sua irmã, sequestrada, torturada e assassinada pela ditadura civil-militar brasileira, o jornalista Bernardo Kucinski escreve o romance K. para contar a história desse trauma familiar e, desta forma, legar também a todos os leitores essa memória. Neste trabalho, analisamos este romance a partir de uma perspectiva literária, mas também buscando elementos da história e das teorias da memória. Observamos no primeiro capítulo as relações entre memória, história e literatura, na busca por encontrar o papel desempenhado por cada uma na luta contra o esquecimento e o silêncio. No segundo capítulo, abordamos a recriação de fatos históricos marcados pela barbárie, com foco nas relações entre literatura e memória. Por tratar-se de tema importante para o entendimento do romance, abordamos no terceiro capítulo alguns conceitos da cultura judaica, principalmente os relacionados à memória, história e à morte. Por fim, defendemos na conclusão a necessidade de legar às gerações futuras as memórias traumáticas e, principalmente, a subjetividade dos sentimentos envolvidos nestas lembranças.

Orientador: José Maurício Paiva Andion Arruti / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-27T08:00:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PonceGarcia_Andrea_M.pdf: 2858567 bytes, checksum: 5e2747325673b9ccb2ffe96e3e7a7856 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir diversos aspectos que configuram as trajetórias que a(s) memória(s) do povo indígena Suruí Aikewara da aldeia Sororó (sudeste do estado do Pará, Brasil) têm experimentado a partir de um evento histórico particular: a repressão militar à Guerrilha do Araguaia (1972 -1975). Trata-se de um exercício que procura refletir sobre os mecanismos de ativação ou apaziguamento do silêncio, enquanto eles, os indígenas, contam sua própria versão da experiência vivida no contexto da ditadura civil militar. Também evidencio neste trabalho os encontros-contatos que os Aikewara têm estabelecido com vários atores nacionais que hoje são responsáveis pelas políticas da memória na dinâmica transicional neste país, principalmente a Comissão Nacional da Verdade (CNV) e a Comissão Anistia (CA). A presença e agência deste povo indígena no evento do Araguaia os têm colocado historiograficamente num lugar instável, onde às vezes são considerados vítimas e, por vezes, os algozes, e por isso o seu papel neste episódio particular da história nacional está sempre em constante negociação. Sendo assim, as atuais dinâmicas narrativas e a evocação pública de experiências compartilhadas que têm sido ativadas principalmente pelas novas gerações na aldeia são relevantes para refletir sobre uma possível materialização da memória partindo de um entendimento diferente da reparação: de natureza coletiva e que salienta a regularização territorial / Abstract: The aim of this research is to discuss several aspects of the indigenous people of Suruí Aikewara of the Sororó Village¿s memory path (southeast of Pará, Brazil) that has been shaped from one particular historical episode: the military repression to Araguaia¿s Guerrilla (197-1975). Attempt that pretends to accomplish the silence¿s mechanisms of activation or appeasements, as they recounted their own version of the story according their experience during the civil military dictatorship period. Moreover, encounters that have been established between Aikewara indigenous and many national stakeholders, who nowadays are responsible for the politics of memory in the transitional dynamics in this country, mainly referring to the National Truth Commission (CNV) and Amnesty Commission (AC), are evidenced. The presence and agency of this indigenous people in the Araguaia event has placed them in an unstable place, where they are sometimes considered the victims and some other times the perpetrators. Their "role" in this particular episode of Brazil¿s national history is always in constant negotiation. That is why current narrative dynamics and public evocation of shared experiences, which have been mainly activated by the new generations in this village, are relevant to ponder a possible materialization of the memory that arises from a different understanding of reparation: one of collective nature that demands their territorial regularization / Mestrado / Antropologia Social / Mestra em Antropologia Social

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2015-12-10T13:06:40Z No. of bitstreams: 1 daniellalisieuxdeoliveiranavarro.pdf: 21234989 bytes, checksum: e2fe55a881194c1f02b6c492231619eb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2015-12-10T14:12:44Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 daniellalisieuxdeoliveiranavarro.pdf: 21234989 bytes, checksum: e2fe55a881194c1f02b6c492231619eb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T14:12:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 daniellalisieuxdeoliveiranavarro.pdf: 21234989 bytes, checksum: e2fe55a881194c1f02b6c492231619eb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Em junho de 2012 o jornal “Estado de Minas” iniciou a publicação da série de reportagens que deu origem a esta pesquisa. “A tortura de Estela contada por Dilma” foi publicada durante nove dias por este jornal e resgatou a memória da tortura em Minas Gerais. Além disso, a série revelou a existência de tais práticas na cidade de Juiz de Fora, fato nunca antes revelado oficialmente. Buscou-se, neste trabalho, compreender, por meio da Análise do Discurso Pecheutiana, como a imprensa discursa sobre a ditadura militar e como a rememoração deste período em Juiz de Fora reconstrói significados na memória do leitor. Detectou-se que há uma reafirmação do compromisso do jornalismo com a revelação de fatos ocultos da história do país por meio do resgate da memória. Além disso, verificou-se que há uma radicalização no discurso bem versus mal, onde a militância ativa contra a ditadura é retratada como totalmente boa, enquanto os militares aparecem como figuras exclusivamente más. Como a série apresenta como personagem principal a figura política de Dilma Rousseff, também foi possível detectar a existência de um olhar positivo do sujeito do discurso sobre a atual presidente do país, uma vez que ele entende que uma boa militante poderá ser uma boa governante. Por fim, evidenciou-se a dificuldade de se resgatar a memória do país por meio de depoimentos de sobreviventes, uma vez que a rememoração provoca o revivamento das dores do passado e, muitas vezes, aquelas pessoas que poderiam contribuir para o resgate de determinados períodos preferem não se sujeitar a certas emoções. Dessa forma, observou-se que o jornalismo, manifesto pelo gênero reportagem, é capaz de levar as memórias do país até os leitores de forma leve e, ao mesmo tempo, profunda. Temas não antes discutidos são apresentados aos leitores e conduzem à reflexão acerca do passado do país. Além disso, quando o jornalismo revela fatos não publicados por meios oficiais, ele instiga a abertura de discussões sobre determinados temas, seja por meio da repercussão em outras mídias, seja no cenário político. / “Estado de Minas” started publishing series of articles which gave rise to this research. “A tortura de Estela contada por Dilma” has been published for nine days by this newspaper and rescued the memory of torture in Minas Gerais. In addition, the series revealed the existence of such practices in the city of Juiz de Fora, a fact never before officially revealed. In this work, the author tried to understand, through Pecheutiana’s Analysis of Discourse, as the press talks about the military dictatorship and how the recollection of this period in Juiz de Fora reconstructs meanings in the reader's memory. It turned out that there is a reaffirmation of journalism's commitment to the revelation of hidden facts of the history of the country through the recovery of memory. In addition, it was found that there is a radicalization in discourse good versus evil, where the active militancy against the dictatorship is portrayed as totally good, while the military appear as exclusively bad figures. As series has as main character the political figure of Dilma Rousseff, was also possible to detect the existence of a positive look of the subject of the discourse on the current president, since he believes that a good militant can be a good ruler. Finally, evidence of the difficulty to rescue the country's memory through testimonies of survivors, since the recall causes the revival of past pains and often those people who could contribute to the rescue of certain periods prefer not to be subject to certain emotions. Thus, it was observed that journalism, manifested by the genre entry, is able to take up the memories of the country readers in a light way and, at the same time, deep. Topics, that was not discussed before, are presented to readers and lead to reflection on the past of the country. In addition, when the journalism reveals facts not published by the official media, he instigates the opening of discussions on specific topics, either by impact in other media, whether on the political scene.

L’oeuvre de Sergio Chejfec (Buenos Aires, 1956), composée de romans et de nouvelles,de nombreux essais et de deux recueils poétiques, figure parmi les propositions les plus singulières de la littérature argentine contemporaine. Entamée à la fin des années 1980, dans le contexte d’intense questionnement sur les moyens et les fins de la littérature nationale qui caractérise la période post-dictatoriale, cette oeuvre se poursuit encore aujourd’hui, désormais depuis New York. L’analyse transversale de l’oeuvre que nous proposons par la présente thèse s’appuie sur un corpus primaire de sept romans et s’organise autour des notions d’étrangeté et d’étrangèreté.La première partie s’attache à montrer que les altérations qui viennent semer le trouble dans la relation du sujet au réel ont partie liée avec la disparition de l’alter ego, qu’elles peuvent se concevoir à la lumière de la notion freudienne d’Unheimliche (« l’étrange familier »), et que s’y articule notamment la figure spectrale, en lien avec un passé – intime ou national – qui ne passe pas. L’étrangèreté géographique, sujet de la deuxième et la troisième partie, est définie comme une impossible territorialisation et se manifeste par les motifs récurrents de la marge et de l’errance. Au leitmotiv marginal – lieux périphériques, personnages paratopiques –s’associe également une figure d’auteur instable dans le champ littéraire argentin. Le motif de l’errance, quant à lui, réactive à la fois le mythe du peuple juif errant, par lequel l’auteurs se réapproprie ses origines, et le topos littéraire argentin du « désert ». L’errance, enfin, est aussi celle du lecteur, que Chejfec ne cesse de désorienter par un ensemble de procédés d’« étrangisation » (ostranenie) de la forme de ses textes.C’est enfin l’étrangèreté à soi et le brouillage des identités qui nous occupera dans un quatrième temps : il s’agira d’analyser la déconstruction du personnage romanesque, mais aussi les phénomènes de dédoublements, d’aliénations ou d’hybridités des sujets qui sont à l’oeuvre chez Chejfec. Les figures troublées de l’auteur, la question de la filiation et des origines ainsi que le rapport d’étrangèreté à la langue seront par la suite les axes principaux de cette dernière partie. / Sergio Chejfec was born in Buenos Aires, in 1956, and wrote novels, short stories, numerous essays and two collections of poems. His work is listed among the most unusual propositions in contemporary Argentine literature. Sergio Chejfec started writing at the end of the 1980s, in a context of intense questioning of the means and ends of the national literature which characterizes the post-dictatorship period, and now goes on with his work from New York City. This thesis intends to offer a cross-disciplinary analysis, relies on a corpus of seven novels, and is organized around the notions of strangeness and strangerness.The first part endeavors to show that the distortions that trigger a trouble some relationship between the subject and the world are hand in glove with the disappearance ofthe alter ego; that they can be conceived of in the light of the Freudian notion of the uncanny (das Unheimliche); and that they articulate a spectral figure that is linked with either an intimate or national past, and yet does not pass. Geographical strangerness is the main focus of the second part and is defined as impossible territorializing. It expresses itself in the recurrent motifs of margin andwandering. The marginal leitmotiv – peripheral places, paratopical characters – is also articulated with the figure of an author who remains on the fringe of the Argentine literary circle. As for the motif of wandering, it reactivates both the myth of the Wandering Jew,through whom the author takes back his origins, and the Argentine literary topos of the“desert.” At last, wandering is that of the reader, whom Chejfec tries to disorientate through a series of processes that “enstrange” (ostranenie) the form of the texts.The fourth part concentrates on strangerness and the blurring of identities. It analyses the deconstruction of the novelistic character, and the phenomena of splitting, alienating and hybridizing the subjects in Chejfec’s work. The troubled figures of the author, the question of filiation and of origins and strangerness to language are the main threads of this last part.

This work is an analysis of criticism of the dictatorial regime of Rafael Trujillo in articles, letters, speeches and lectures produced by Juan Bosch during the period of dictatorship, that is in the period 1930-1961. Its aim is to show which manifestations of the regime were criticized by Bosch and for what reason or what purpose the author observed with his criticism. In the theoretical part of this work, attention is paid to the historical issues of dominican politics and economics and the elements that influenced the dictatorship as well as the analysis of Rafael Trujillo's dictatorship in Dominican Republic and the basic pillars of its functioning in political, economic, social and ideological sphere (the functioning of the regime, the monopolization of economic life, the introduction of social reforms, anti-Communist and anti-Haitian attitudes) as well as various forms of oppression and censorship; these aspects were criticized by Bosch. In the analysis of texts by Juan Bosch, some space is also dedicated to the author's interpretation of the dictatorship contained in the larger texts. Many analyzed articles from that period relate to the resistance activity of the dominican exile, so space is also devoted to the description of its political and propagandistic activities in exile associated...