Esta pesquisa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, teve como objetivo propor um conjunto de diretrizes editoriais avaliadas e hierarquizadas para projeto de livro didático digital interativo para tablets com ênfase em livros com volume de texto. Para tanto, a revisão de literatura abordou as áreas principais de Design envolvidas no objeto em questão, tais como Interface, Interação, e Editorial (impresso e digital), sendo esta última, o foco da pesquisa. Para a obtenção e sistematização das diretrizes, empregou-se o método Mapas de Conceitos (TROCHIM, 1989) composto por cinco etapas: i. Preparação das referências – seleção de 34 referências da literatura acadêmica, sites/blogs de editoras, designers, sistemas operacionais que apresentassem diretrizes de design editorial tanto impresso quanto digital. ii. Compilação das diretrizes – listagem inicial de 1052 diretrizes pesquisadas que após oito iterações de análise de redução, aglutinação e agrupamentos, foi reduzida para 78 diretrizes redigidas e sistematizadas em cinco grupos temáticos. iii. Estruturação das diretrizes – foram levantadas informações sobre similaridade conceitual entre as diretrizes compiladas bem como avaliação da utilidade das mesmas para este tipo de publicação. Esta etapa ocorreu mediante técnica de card sorting aplicada a 15 especialistas da área editorial. iv. Representação das diretrizes – os dados coletados no card sorting passaram por análises de escala multidimensional (MDS) e hierárquica de grupo (HCA), as quais possibilitaram representar as relações conceituais entre diretrizes e grupos mediante mapas de conceito e dendogramas. E v. Interpretação dos mapas e dendogramas resultantes. Esse processo resultou, posteriormente à realização de todas as etapas e onze iterações, em um conjunto de 60 diretrizes, avaliadas pelos especialistas, sistematizadas em quatro grupos temáticos. Esperase que o conjunto de diretrizes possa auxiliar designers e profissionais de editoras, e demais interessados, no projeto editorial de livros didáticos digitais interativos. / This exploratory and descriptive research aimed to propose a set of editorial design guidelines evaluated and hierarchized to project of interactive digital textbook for tablets with emphasis on textbooks with text volume. Therefore, the literature review addressed the main areas of Design involved in the subject matter, such as Interface, Interaction, and Editorial (printed and digital). The latter area is the focus of the research. To obtain and systematize the guidelines, we used as a methodological procedure the method of Concept Maps (TROCHIM, 1989) wich consists of five steps: i. Preparation of references - selection of 34 references of academic literature, websites/blogs publishers, designers, operating systems to submit editorial design guidelines both printed and digital. ii. Compilation of guidelines - initial listing of 1052 guidelines researched that after eight iterations of reduction, assemblage and groupings analyses, it was reduced to 78 written guidelines and systematized in five thematic groups. iii. Structuring guidelines – we raised information on conceptual similarity between the compiled guidelines and assess the utility of the same for this type of publication. This step occurred through card sorting technique applied to 15 experts of the editorial area. iv. Representation of the guidelines - the data collected in card sorting underwent analyses of multidimensional scaling (MDS) and hierarchical clusters (HCA), which made it possible to represent the conceptual relations between guidelines and groups by concept maps and dendograms. And v. Interpretation of maps and dendograms. This process finalized, following the completion of all stages and eleven iterations in a set of 60 guidelines evaluated by experts, systematized in four thematic groups. We expected that the set of guidelines will help designers and publishers professionals, and other interested parties on editorial design of interactive digital textbooks.

Despite educational reforms, the annual results from the National Assessment of Educational Progress continue to indicate that the majority of American fourth-graders struggle to master the crucial skill of reading. In the last decade, the percentage of students who read at or above a proficient level hovers around 30 percent, which draws attention to the fact that the academic institutions may not be fully to blame for the decline of reading competency (NAEP, 2011). The real reason for the incompetency could be attributed to the amount of time that children spend reading as average fourth-graders spend less than two hours a week reading (Juster, Ono, & Stafford, 2004, p. 11). This Digital Generation lives in a world full of distractions in which reading cannot compete. Although the American educational system is stressing reading instruction, children are not putting what they are learning into practice outside of school. Instead of reading, children immerse themselves into the world of interactive digital media and electronic devices. If children do not increase the time they spend reading, their proficiency will not improve. To revive reading within the Digital Generation, authors of children’s literature may need to reevaluate their role in the literacy problem because their traditional print-form content appears to be unsuccessful in reaching their young audience. To create reading material that children are eager to read, authors need to produce content in a format that will entice a response from the newest generation. One way children’s authors can accomplish this is by publishing transmedia storytelling ecosystems. By combining storytelling with digital media to meet the modern literary needs of today's children reading proficiency should begin to improve, along with a renewed interest in literature. This research provides insight into today’s “digital children” and suggests a methodology for creating transmedia literature using the Adobe® Digital Publishing Suite.

網際網路的興起，不但加快了人們資訊查詢的速度與廣度，也可能改變大家的閱讀形態。在這股內容數位化的趨勢潮流中，位於實體出版產業價值鏈中游位置的經銷商，面對實體與虛擬兩種不同的通路管道，必須思考運用現有資源的競爭力擬定轉型策略，透過虛實整合以創造新的營運模式，才有機會在這股數位化的洪流中逆勢成長，開創新局。 本研究首先對實體圖書雜誌產業之現況，以及實體圖書雜誌經銷商的產業定位與機能進行瞭解；接著再對數位出版產業價值鏈進行探討，瞭解將內容出版數位化並傳送到消費者端，這些變動促進了哪些新中間商的興起以及發展現況；並對於數位出版產業，從業人員需具備哪些專業能力進行瞭解，以作為個案公司轉型參考。 研究發現，位於實體圖書雜誌產業中游的經銷商，在面對銷售內容數位化的發展趨勢下，因為沒有內容、技術、與平台，在轉型的過程中相對屬於弱勢。要在數位出版經銷產業中發展，說服內容擁有者授權以及拓展數位通路能力則是發展的必要條件。 建議實體出版產業相關業者，可採取先了解數位出版產業如何運作，並且參與其中的策略；意即先了解數位出版產業價值鏈，並分析自己所擁有的內外部資源與核心競爭力，以發掘競爭優勢，才能在有利的戰略位置中發展。 關鍵字：數位出版產業、價值鏈、企業轉型 / The growing up of the internet not only extends and speeds up our searching of information, but also change our reading style. During the trends of content digitalization, the publication distributors industry faces completely different marketing of virtual and physical channel. They must use the competitiveness of existing resources to develop transition strategy，then they can get a chance to grow up and step toward the new age. At first，we need to understand is their present situation and their detail function of the physical publication distributors industry. Then discusses the value chain of digital publishers and how do the contents digitalized and transferred to the consumers. What kind of new business rising and developing during the transformation and their present situation are also studied. Afterwards, what kind of professional abilities should be required is also studied to be a reference for the company of the case study. In our studies, lacking of contents, techniques and platforms makes distributors of the publishing industry relative weak in transformation during the process of digitalization. The ability of granting authorization and expending digital salability is a requisite to develop in the business of digital publishing. The distributors of the publishing industry are suggested to understand the operation of digital publishers and participate in the operations. That is to say, in order to get advantageous position for the competition, the first thing is to find out the value chain of the digital publisher and analyze central competitive ability of oneself. Keywords: Digital Publishing, Value Chain, Corporate Transformation

2007年美國亞馬遜正式推出電子書閱讀器Kindle，第一年就提供30萬本電子書目供讀者付費下載閱讀，到了2010年增加到將近100萬本，在銷售量上，暢銷書的電子書版本銷量已經超過紙本精裝書，開啟了E(電子)P(紙本)同步的出版銷售模式。此外還有蘋果公司推出的平板電腦iPad，廣大的使用者族群吸引軟體開發者與內容提供者的注目。 　　臺灣的出版產業界成立台灣數位出版聯盟，行政院通過數位出版產業發展策略與行動計畫，試圖朝著數位出版的方向轉型，其中遠流與城邦兩間大型出版社積極投入數位出版的開發，然而為數眾多的小型出版社卻抱持保留或拒斥數位出版發展的態度，使得臺灣目前形成空有電子書硬體，而電子書目缺乏的現況。 　　本研究的目的在於解釋出版社投入數位出版的原因與發展的模式，面對內容缺乏的現況，多數的出版社尚未投入，率先投入的出版社是如何建立起數位出版的發展模式。 　　以遠流與城邦兩間出版社為主要研究對象，投入數位出版的目標是與電信業者、資訊業者競爭，競爭數位出版產業鏈當中作者與讀者之間的中介位置，然而出版社投入數位出版之後，必須與電信業者、資訊業者有所區隔，差異在於出版社的定位是以「內容」的經營為主，而且收益也是直接來自於內容的銷售，因此必須思考內容在數位時代的銷售機制如何建立，如何突顯內容在數位時代的價值。本研究以新制度學派的組織理論探討組織面臨的環境變遷，組織如何發展應對策略，並進一步影響其他組織的態度，塑造有利的環境。目前數位出版這項議題無論是從市場層面或技術層面都無法合理解釋出版社的動態，對於數位出版的未來眾說紛紜，本研究從觀察台灣出版產業的現況開始，試圖為數位出版找到在地的意義與推動出版社投入開發的原因。 / In 2007, the U.S. Amazon officially launched the e-book reader, Kindle. In the first year, Amazon provided 300,000 volumes of electronic books for readers to pay for download. Until 2010, Amazon had provided nearly 1 million volumes of electronic books for readers, and the sales volume of best-selling books in electronic versions outnumbered their counterparts in hardcover versions, creating a selling model of simultaneous E (electronic) P (paper) publication. In addition, there is Apple's Tablet PC iPad. The majority of user groups have drawn the attentions of software developers and content providers. Taiwan's publishing industry established Taiwan Digital-Publishing Forum, and the Executive Yuan implemented the development of strategies and action plans for the digital-publishing industry, trying to make a transition toward the direction of digital-publishing. Two of the major publishers, Yuan-Liou Publisher and the Cite Publishers, were actively involved in the development of digital-publishing. However many small publishers held back or rejected in terms of developing the digital- publishing, resulting in a situation that Taiwan has had plenty of e-book hardwares with little electronic book content. This study is to explain the reasons why the publishers engaged in digital- publishing and adopted certain development patterns. This study also investigates how the first-involved publishers built the development patterns of digital-publishing in face of the lack of content and few publishers engaged in the field. The two publishing houses, Yuan-Liou Publisher and the Cite Publishers, serve as the main subjects of the research. The objective of investing in the digital publishing is to compete with the IT industry and to occupy an intermediary position between authors and readers in the value chain of communication industry . However the publishers investing in digital-publishing must make distinction from IT industry and communication industry; the difference is in publisher’s content-based business model; the benefits are directly from content sales. So have to think about how to establish the marketing mechanisms of content in the digital age. Following the concerns of the neo-institutional school, this study explores environmental changes confronted by the organizations, how the organizations developed strategies, and the further effects on the attitude of other organizations in order to create an advantageous environment by. Presently, this issue are unable to reasonably explain the publishers’ movement. This study starts from the observations of the status quo of Taiwan’s publishing industry, trying to find local significances of digital-publishers and to give the reasons of investment in the development .

Disertacijoje tiriama skaitmeninės knygos kokybė, išreikšta tam tikrais išskirtais kokybės kriterijais, vertinimo matais, kurių buvimas arba nebuvimas nulemia objekto kokybę. Darbe laikomasi nuomonės, kad skaitmeninei knygai taikomi kokybės kriterijai turi būti maksimaliai pritaikyti vartotojui, todėl objektas nagrinėjamas žvelgiant iš vartotojo pozicijos, atsižvelgiant į jo lūkesčius ir vertinimus. Skaitmeninės knygos skaitymo procesas traktuojamas kaip vartotojo noras gauti informacijos bei ją suvokti. Darbo tikslas – diferencijuojant kriterijus pagal jų svarbumą vartotojams, sukonstruoti skaitmeninių knygų kokybės vertinimo instrumentą (kokybinių kriterijų rinkinį), kuris atskleistų skaitmeninės knygos specifiką bei raiškos ypatybes. Remiantis išanalizuota skaitmeninės knygos samprata, jos galimybėmis, skaitytojų poreikių, patirties ir pageidavimų analize, nustatoma, kokie kokybiniai knygos skaitymo aspektai turi daugiausia įtakos vertinant skaitmeninės knygos kokybę. Žengiamas kokybiškai naujas žingsnis – pirmą kartą skaitmeninės knygos kokybės tyrimuose, pritaikant Herzbergo motyvacijos-higienos teoriją, rinkinio sudedamosios dalys (kokybės kriterijai) yra diferencijuojamos ir reitinguojamos dviem aspektais. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidžia ir novatorišką visuminį vartotojams reikšmingiausių skaitmeninės knygos elementų vaizdą. Sukonstruotas skaitmeninės knygos kokybės įvertinimo instrumentas gali būti taikomas tiek tolimesniuose moksliniuose skaitmeninės knygos tyrimuose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The object of research is the quality of the digital book conveyed in terms of quality criteria. These are some distinguished features, assessment measures whose presence or absence determines the quality of the object. The object is analysed from the user’s perspective in consideration of his/her expectations and assessments. The research takes the approach that the quality criteria attributable to the digital book should be tailored to the needs of the user to a maximum level. By differentiating the criteria according to their importance to the users, this research aims at building up the quality assessment instrument for digital books that would reveal the specifics and expressive characteristics of the digital book. Referring to the explored concept of the digital book and its potential, the analysis into the needs, experience and wishes of readers, it is going to be established as to which qualitative book reading factors have the biggest impact on the quality assessment of the digital book. A new qualitative step is taken as it is for the first time in digital book quality research, by using Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory, the components of the toolbox (quality criteria) are differentiated and rated under two aspects. The results of the research reveal the overall innovative picture of elements of the digital book that are most important to users. The created digital book quality assessment instrument can be used both in further scientific digital book research... [to full text]

The object of research is the quality of the digital book conveyed in terms of quality criteria. These are some distinguished features, assessment measures whose presence or absence determines the quality of the object. The object is analysed from the user’s perspective in consideration of his/her expectations and assessments. The research takes the approach that the quality criteria attributable to the digital book should be tailored to the needs of the user to a maximum level. By differentiating the criteria according to their importance to the users, this research aims at building up the quality assessment instrument for digital books that would reveal the specifics and expressive characteristics of the digital book. Referring to the explored concept of the digital book and its potential, the analysis into the needs, experience and wishes of readers, it is going to be established as to which qualitative book reading factors have the biggest impact on the quality assessment of the digital book. A new qualitative step is taken as it is for the first time in digital book quality research, by using Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory, the components of the toolbox (quality criteria) are differentiated and rated under two aspects. The results of the research reveal the overall innovative picture of elements of the digital book that are most important to users. The created digital book quality assessment instrument can be used both in further scientific digital book research... [to full text] / Disertacijoje tiriama skaitmeninės knygos kokybė, išreikšta tam tikrais išskirtais kokybės kriterijais, vertinimo matais, kurių buvimas arba nebuvimas nulemia objekto kokybę. Darbe laikomasi nuomonės, kad skaitmeninei knygai taikomi kokybės kriterijai turi būti maksimaliai pritaikyti vartotojui, todėl objektas nagrinėjamas žvelgiant iš vartotojo pozicijos, atsižvelgiant į jo lūkesčius ir vertinimus. Skaitmeninės knygos skaitymo procesas traktuojamas kaip vartotojo noras gauti informacijos bei ją suvokti. Darbo tikslas – diferencijuojant kriterijus pagal jų svarbumą vartotojams, sukonstruoti skaitmeninių knygų kokybės vertinimo instrumentą (kokybinių kriterijų rinkinį), kuris atskleistų skaitmeninės knygos specifiką bei raiškos ypatybes. Remiantis išanalizuota skaitmeninės knygos samprata, jos galimybėmis, skaitytojų poreikių, patirties ir pageidavimų analize, nustatoma, kokie kokybiniai knygos skaitymo aspektai turi daugiausia įtakos vertinant skaitmeninės knygos kokybę. Žengiamas kokybiškai naujas žingsnis – pirmą kartą skaitmeninės knygos kokybės tyrimuose, pritaikant Herzbergo motyvacijos-higienos teoriją, rinkinio sudedamosios dalys (kokybės kriterijai) yra diferencijuojamos ir reitinguojamos dviem aspektais. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidžia ir novatorišką visuminį vartotojams reikšmingiausių skaitmeninės knygos elementų vaizdą. Sukonstruotas skaitmeninės knygos kokybės įvertinimo instrumentas gali būti taikomas tiek tolimesniuose moksliniuose skaitmeninės knygos tyrimuose... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Esta pesquisa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, teve como objetivo propor um conjunto de diretrizes editoriais avaliadas e hierarquizadas para projeto de livro didático digital interativo para tablets com ênfase em livros com volume de texto. Para tanto, a revisão de literatura abordou as áreas principais de Design envolvidas no objeto em questão, tais como Interface, Interação, e Editorial (impresso e digital), sendo esta última, o foco da pesquisa. Para a obtenção e sistematização das diretrizes, empregou-se o método Mapas de Conceitos (TROCHIM, 1989) composto por cinco etapas: i. Preparação das referências – seleção de 34 referências da literatura acadêmica, sites/blogs de editoras, designers, sistemas operacionais que apresentassem diretrizes de design editorial tanto impresso quanto digital. ii. Compilação das diretrizes – listagem inicial de 1052 diretrizes pesquisadas que após oito iterações de análise de redução, aglutinação e agrupamentos, foi reduzida para 78 diretrizes redigidas e sistematizadas em cinco grupos temáticos. iii. Estruturação das diretrizes – foram levantadas informações sobre similaridade conceitual entre as diretrizes compiladas bem como avaliação da utilidade das mesmas para este tipo de publicação. Esta etapa ocorreu mediante técnica de card sorting aplicada a 15 especialistas da área editorial. iv. Representação das diretrizes – os dados coletados no card sorting passaram por análises de escala multidimensional (MDS) e hierárquica de grupo (HCA), as quais possibilitaram representar as relações conceituais entre diretrizes e grupos mediante mapas de conceito e dendogramas. E v. Interpretação dos mapas e dendogramas resultantes. Esse processo resultou, posteriormente à realização de todas as etapas e onze iterações, em um conjunto de 60 diretrizes, avaliadas pelos especialistas, sistematizadas em quatro grupos temáticos. Esperase que o conjunto de diretrizes possa auxiliar designers e profissionais de editoras, e demais interessados, no projeto editorial de livros didáticos digitais interativos. / This exploratory and descriptive research aimed to propose a set of editorial design guidelines evaluated and hierarchized to project of interactive digital textbook for tablets with emphasis on textbooks with text volume. Therefore, the literature review addressed the main areas of Design involved in the subject matter, such as Interface, Interaction, and Editorial (printed and digital). The latter area is the focus of the research. To obtain and systematize the guidelines, we used as a methodological procedure the method of Concept Maps (TROCHIM, 1989) wich consists of five steps: i. Preparation of references - selection of 34 references of academic literature, websites/blogs publishers, designers, operating systems to submit editorial design guidelines both printed and digital. ii. Compilation of guidelines - initial listing of 1052 guidelines researched that after eight iterations of reduction, assemblage and groupings analyses, it was reduced to 78 written guidelines and systematized in five thematic groups. iii. Structuring guidelines – we raised information on conceptual similarity between the compiled guidelines and assess the utility of the same for this type of publication. This step occurred through card sorting technique applied to 15 experts of the editorial area. iv. Representation of the guidelines - the data collected in card sorting underwent analyses of multidimensional scaling (MDS) and hierarchical clusters (HCA), which made it possible to represent the conceptual relations between guidelines and groups by concept maps and dendograms. And v. Interpretation of maps and dendograms. This process finalized, following the completion of all stages and eleven iterations in a set of 60 guidelines evaluated by experts, systematized in four thematic groups. We expected that the set of guidelines will help designers and publishers professionals, and other interested parties on editorial design of interactive digital textbooks.

Esta pesquisa, de caráter exploratório e descritivo, teve como objetivo propor um conjunto de diretrizes editoriais avaliadas e hierarquizadas para projeto de livro didático digital interativo para tablets com ênfase em livros com volume de texto. Para tanto, a revisão de literatura abordou as áreas principais de Design envolvidas no objeto em questão, tais como Interface, Interação, e Editorial (impresso e digital), sendo esta última, o foco da pesquisa. Para a obtenção e sistematização das diretrizes, empregou-se o método Mapas de Conceitos (TROCHIM, 1989) composto por cinco etapas: i. Preparação das referências – seleção de 34 referências da literatura acadêmica, sites/blogs de editoras, designers, sistemas operacionais que apresentassem diretrizes de design editorial tanto impresso quanto digital. ii. Compilação das diretrizes – listagem inicial de 1052 diretrizes pesquisadas que após oito iterações de análise de redução, aglutinação e agrupamentos, foi reduzida para 78 diretrizes redigidas e sistematizadas em cinco grupos temáticos. iii. Estruturação das diretrizes – foram levantadas informações sobre similaridade conceitual entre as diretrizes compiladas bem como avaliação da utilidade das mesmas para este tipo de publicação. Esta etapa ocorreu mediante técnica de card sorting aplicada a 15 especialistas da área editorial. iv. Representação das diretrizes – os dados coletados no card sorting passaram por análises de escala multidimensional (MDS) e hierárquica de grupo (HCA), as quais possibilitaram representar as relações conceituais entre diretrizes e grupos mediante mapas de conceito e dendogramas. E v. Interpretação dos mapas e dendogramas resultantes. Esse processo resultou, posteriormente à realização de todas as etapas e onze iterações, em um conjunto de 60 diretrizes, avaliadas pelos especialistas, sistematizadas em quatro grupos temáticos. Esperase que o conjunto de diretrizes possa auxiliar designers e profissionais de editoras, e demais interessados, no projeto editorial de livros didáticos digitais interativos. / This exploratory and descriptive research aimed to propose a set of editorial design guidelines evaluated and hierarchized to project of interactive digital textbook for tablets with emphasis on textbooks with text volume. Therefore, the literature review addressed the main areas of Design involved in the subject matter, such as Interface, Interaction, and Editorial (printed and digital). The latter area is the focus of the research. To obtain and systematize the guidelines, we used as a methodological procedure the method of Concept Maps (TROCHIM, 1989) wich consists of five steps: i. Preparation of references - selection of 34 references of academic literature, websites/blogs publishers, designers, operating systems to submit editorial design guidelines both printed and digital. ii. Compilation of guidelines - initial listing of 1052 guidelines researched that after eight iterations of reduction, assemblage and groupings analyses, it was reduced to 78 written guidelines and systematized in five thematic groups. iii. Structuring guidelines – we raised information on conceptual similarity between the compiled guidelines and assess the utility of the same for this type of publication. This step occurred through card sorting technique applied to 15 experts of the editorial area. iv. Representation of the guidelines - the data collected in card sorting underwent analyses of multidimensional scaling (MDS) and hierarchical clusters (HCA), which made it possible to represent the conceptual relations between guidelines and groups by concept maps and dendograms. And v. Interpretation of maps and dendograms. This process finalized, following the completion of all stages and eleven iterations in a set of 60 guidelines evaluated by experts, systematized in four thematic groups. We expected that the set of guidelines will help designers and publishers professionals, and other interested parties on editorial design of interactive digital textbooks.

Cette dissertation concerne l'analyse des problématiques économiques introduites par la numérisation et par la parution des nouveaux réseaux et supports numériques dans l'économie des médias. Le passage du modèle analogique et physique au modèle numérique, en opérant une séparation du concept d’expression signifiante et du support qui permet sa circulation auprès d'un large public, impose un recadrage des procédés de création et production dans plusieurs domaines de l'industrie des médias. En utilisant le cas d'étude de l’industrie de l'édition des magazines, l'introduction de cette dissertation analyse les enjeux économiques plus urgents pour une marque éditoriale face à la numérisation, au niveau d'entreprise et du secteur industriel. Dans le premier chapitre, on va approfondir l’analyse en explorant la littérature existante dans le domaine des effets de la numérisation et de la régulation dans l'économie des médias. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous analysons les dynamiques d'adoption d'une technologie numérique associée avec un réseau, dans contexte où les contenus media sont des biens complémentaires essentiels et en présence d'externalités positives associées avec le déploiement du réseau. La contribution originale du modèle que nous allons montrer est la possibilité d'évaluer différentes qualités de subsides au déploiement et différentes valeurs de l'innovation technologique. dans le troisième et dernier chapitre, nous développons un modèle pour analyser la tarification des produits soumis au droit d'auteur dans un marché biface avec réseaux de distribution multiples. / This dissertation deals with the economic issues introduced by digitization and by the roll-out of innovative networks and supports in the economics of Media goods. The switch from a “physical analogic model” to a “digitized model”, by separating the concepts of meaningful expression from the traditional support allowing for publishing contents, imposes a rethinking of many media industries' business models. Using the publishing industry as a study case, in the introduction we analyze the key economic issues emerging for magazine publishers facing digitization, both at the firm level and at the industry level, where new strategic interactions may occur, changing the traditional dynamics in the value chain. In the first chapter we then proceed to explore recent research efforts focusing on the effects of digitization and regulation on Media economics. The main contribution of this analysis is that it tries to conjugate the economic literature that analyses technology related issues generated by digitization with contributions analysing the impacts of new publishing protocols, following a value-chain based approach.In fact, the originality of the problem is that digitization is quite not just a technologic innovation, improving efficiency through the value chain but it is also a new written language. The study of all the different implications of digitiziation is thus essential in order to fully understand the emerging economic models in media industries. Economists will find in this chapter not only the more important contributions on pricing and bundling in digital two-sided markets or multi-channel distribution models, but also interesting contributions from other specialists, analysing questions related to regulatory framework and even epistemologic issues. In the second chapter we analyse the adoption dynamics of a digital technology associated with a network , when media goods are essential complements and there are positive externalities associated to a succesfull adoption. The original contribution of this model is that it allows for different types of subsidies and different stand-alone values for technology. In the third and last chapter, we develop a pricing model for copyrighted contents in a two-sided market with multi-channel distribution. We analyze both the case of a firm producing only on one market (digital or physical) and of a firm producing the substitutable versions in the two markets. We find that: (i) in the digital market the “free dailies” business model is sustainable only if the number of publishers is limited. (ii) Publishers that are active already in the traditional channel with relevant market shares should “defend” their market share setting higher prices for the digital versions of their products. (iii) Unless both the advertising revenues per copy and the total sales in the digital markets grow larger than the traditional market, a traditional publisher should keep operating in the traditional market. (iv) If the total cannibalization grows to be more than proportional the optimal strategy for a publisher can be not to produce the digital version of a given product.

The traditional print publishing industry has been faced with significant change over the past decade. Advances in technology have led to the increased digitisation of business processes, and have debatably brought e-books to the brink of the mainstream market. With the growing popularity of e-books in the trade market come several opportunities for publishers to expand, improve and differentiate their businesses. But publishers also face a very challenging time ahead to successfully implement digital publishing in their business processes. This study examines the implications of digitisation and digital publishing on publishing business processes in the traditional print publishing environment. The research considers digital publishing as a disruptive technology in the publishing industry, and draws on the context and predictive value of disruptive technology theory. Disruptive technology theory examines why, when faced with a disruptive technology, some firms succeed in the marketplace, and others fail. The research applied the principles and predictions of disruptive technology theory to the publishing industry to develop a set of recommendations for publishers implementing digital publishing processes. The research employed a mixed methodology design that included an extensive literature review and an online survey of South African book publishers. The literature provided an overview of the issues surrounding digital publishing, and the opportunities and challenges that publishers are faced with. Literature on disruptive technology theory served to establish trends in industries faced with disruptive technology, and uncovered recommendations for its successful implementation. The researcher made use of an online survey that was sent to South African trade publishers that had already started experimenting with digital publishing in 2010 or 2011, or had plans to do so during the course of 2011 and 2012. The survey was designed to uncover the current state of digital publishing in the South African trade publishing industry, to discover the approaches that publishers are currently taking, and the barriers to implementation that they are experiencing. The research confirmed that the current state of digital publishing in South Africa, and the problems that publishers are experiencing, are characteristic of industries faced with disruptive technology. The principles of disruptive technology can therefore be applied to develop recommendations and suggest strategies for publishers planning to venture into digital publishing. Although the focus of the research was on South African trade publishers, the results and recommendations that emerged from the research can be applied to the wider international publishing industry. / Dissertation (MIS)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / gm2013 / Information Science / unrestricted