Titel                                    Robotiserad rådgivning - Vilka faktorer påverkar de svenska storbankernas inställning till implementering? Bakgrund                          Banksektorn har fått utstå externt tryck på förändring i och med den digitala utvecklingen av produkter och tjänster. Datorer och teknologi får allt större utrymme i vårt samhälle och leder till att interaktionen mellan människan och datorn blir allt mer naturlig. Utvecklingen av finansiell rådgivning börjar bli mer och mer digital i form av robotiserad rådgivning vilket innebär en utmaning för de svenska storbankerna då de ställs inför ett val att implementera denna tjänst eller inte i sin organisation. Syfte                                   Syftet med studien är att identifiera och beskriva faktorer som påverkar de svenska storbankernas inställning till implementering av robotiserad rådgivning Frågeställning                  Vilka faktorer förklarar de svenska storbankernas inställning till implementering av robotiserad rådgivning? Metod                                 Studien har genomförts med en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer för att besvara studiens frågeställning. Studien är begränsad till att enbart innefatta de fyra svenska storbankerna. Slutsats                               Författarna till studien har kunnat påvisa tre faktorer som påverkar storbankernas inställning till implementering av robotiserad rådgivning. / Title                             Robo-Advice - What factors affect the Swedish big banks' attitude towards implementation? Background                      The banking sector has experienced external pressure on change in the digital development of products and services. Computers and technology are gaining more space in our society and making the interaction between man and computer becoming more natural. The development of financial advisory services is becoming more and more digital in the form robo-advisory, which poses a challenge for the Swedish big banks when faced with a choice to implement this service or not in its organization. Purpose                              The purpose of the study is to identify and describe factors that affect the Swedish big banks' attitude towards implementing robo-advisory. Issue                                   What factors explain the Swedish big banks' attitude towards implementing robo-advisory? Method                              The study has been conducted with a qualitative method in the form of semistructured interviews to answer the study's question. The study is limited to including only the four major Swedish banks. Conclusion                         The authors of the study have been able to find three factors that affect the big banks' attitude towards the implementation of robo-advisory.

Med alltmer digitalisering i samhället ökar distansutbildningarna fort och erbjuds idag på de flesta lärosäten. Allt fler väljer att studera på distans därför handlar denna studie om att undersöka varför man väljer att studera på distans, vilka hinder som distansstudenten kan uppleva och hur lärosätets upplägg upplevs av distansstudenter, då dessa påverkar studentens möjligheter att genomföra och slutföra sina studier på ett bra sätt. Studien utfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta distansstudenter.Studiens resultat visar tydligt att lärosätens upplägg, kommunikation och tillgänglighet är viktigt för framgång, men också att motivation och självdisciplin från studentens sida också spelar stor roll för att kunna genomföra och slutföra studierna. / Today, with more digitization in society the distance education increases fast and is available at most universities. More people choose to study at a distance why this study was made to examine what obstacles and how the University's approach is experienced by distance students, as this affects the student's ability to carry out and complete their studies in a good way. The study was conducted by means of semi-structured interviews with 8 distance students.The results of the study clearly shows that how the seat of learnings platform, communication and availability are important for success, but also the motivation and self-discipline from the student's side also plays a major role in order to carry out and complete their studies.

Purpose: New working methods are demanded as there is an increasing digitalization needed amongst the facility management industry. The information needs to be searchable and accessible for the user. To get the result wanted a reciprocally approach, that describe where and how the information should be managed, is required. In this case, the tool needed to get the desirable result is considered to be BIM. There are difficulties to understand the true opportunities and effects of using BIM, within the facility management industry, as well as where it can be used. The aim of this study is to examine how facility management corporations have chosen to invest in the implementation of BIM, as well how they contemplate on the use of BIM in the aspect of management. Method: Three methods were used to complete this study. In order to complete the theoretical framework a literature study was used. Furthermore an observation study was performed to get a wider perspective in how BIM is used in the management stage. Finally semi structured interviews were performed to obtain an ingoing perspective in how BIM contributes to the property management business. Findings: The outcome of the study indicates that the facility management business interpreters BIM differently. As a result the outlook of how BIM should be implemented, used and performed differs. The functions mentioned in the survey were; operation and maintenance, streamlining of work methods, optimizing premises, reducing environmental impact, increased security as well as the opportunity to visualize and analyze the buildings. All the respondents had a positive attitude towards using BIM and saw a value in implementing BIM in the companies. Implications: The study indicates that there are difficulties with the implication of BIM as the idea of BIM does not have a distinct definition, this may cause communication difficulties within the companies, as well as externally between the operators and their work stages. A distinctive definition of what BIM means, together with the strategies and ambitions within the companies could contribute to a simpler implementation of BIM at management stage. Limitations: The survey has been delimited to only interviewing facility management business, which have been consciously chosen to invest in implementing BIM. The survey does not take into account the dilemma of transferring information between BIM and the databases of the facility managements / Syfte: Byggbranschens behov av digitalisering ökar och kräver nya arbetsmetoder. Byggnadsinformationen behöver vara sök- och nåbar oberoende vart användaren befinner sig. För att göra det möjligt behövs ett gemensamt tillvägagångsätt och system som beskriver var och hur informationen ska hanteras. Det hjälpverktyg som anses vara mest användbart är BIM. Det finns svårigheter med att förstå vilka möjligheter och effekter som BIM kan bidra med i förvaltningsskedet samt i vilka delar i förvaltningen som BIM kan nyttjas. Målet med studien är att undersöka hur fastighetsförvaltande företag, som medvetet har valt att satsa på implementering av BIM i fastighetsförvaltningsfasen, ser på BIM-användning i förvaltningsskedet. Metod: De valda metoderna var litteraturstudie för att bygga upp studiens teoretiska ramverk, observationsstudie för att få ett bredare perspektiv om hur BIM används i förvaltning och semistrukturerade intervjuer med fem olika förvaltningsföretag. För att få ett mer ingående perspektiv på hur förvaltande företag jobbar med BIM. Resultat: Studiens resultat tyder på att fastighetsförvaltande företag ser olika på betydelsen av BIM, vilket även medför en delad syn på hur implementering av BIM ska utföras samt inom vilka användningsområden BIM kan nyttjas i. De användningsområden som nämndes var drift och underhåll, effektivisering av arbetssätt, lokaloptimering, minskning av miljöpåverkan, öka säkerheten och möjligheten att kunna visualisera och analysera fastigheterna. Samtliga respondenter var positiva och ser ett mervärde i att implementera BIM i deras verksamhet. Konsekvenser: Studien indikerar på att det finns en svårighet med att implementera BIM, då begreppet inte har en entydig definition. Detta skapar kommunikationssvårigheter både internt på företagen men även externt mellan de olika aktörerna och skedena. Vidare tyder studien på att företag som satsar på implementering av BIM anser att det är viktigt att följa med i den digitala utvecklingen. En tydlig definition på vad BIM innebär tillsammans med strategier och ambitioner inom företagen skulle kunna bidra till en enklare implementering av BIM i förvaltningsskedet. Begränsningar: Arbetet har avgränsats till att endast intervjua fastighetsförvaltande företag som medvetet valt att satsa på att implementera BIM. Studien tar heller inte hänsyn till problemet med informationsöverföringen mellan BIM- och förvaltningsdatabaser.

Both the government and the museums agree on the fact that museums should be available to everyone and that the fact that it might not be is an enormous problem that need solving and that some of the ways to solve it is with digitalization and by cooperation with schools. This paper analyses the Sandby borg exhibition at Kalmar county museum in Kalmar, Sweden. The analysis is constructed from three main categories; inclusion, digitalization and cooperation. These categories are used to discuss how a museum exhibition should work and be used and then how it works in reality at Kalmar county museum.

A digitalização e a popularização da internet podem fazer o livro impresso, que existe há mais de quinhentos anos, desaparecer em um futuro próximo. Diversos produtos pertencentes à mesma indústria de bens informativos, como a música, vêm atualmente sendo entregues pela indústria e consumidos de maneira bastante diferente de alguns anos atrás. Livros continuam sendo majoritariamente consumidos em seu formato impresso. Por quê? O principal objetivo desta pesquisa é identificar as diferenças de percepção sobre a adoção de livros didáticos eletrônicos entre professores universitários e profissionais da indústria editorial. A pesquisa utiliza o método survey e o instrumento desenvolvido por Moore e Benbasat (1991) sobre adoção de inovações. Foram pesquisadas as percepções de professores universitários e profissionais de editoras sobre a possível utilização de livros eletrônicos didáticos no lugar de impressos. As conclusões indicam que os professores estão mais preparados para a utilização de livros eletrônicos do que imaginam os profissionais de editoras. / The digitization and the spread of the internet may result in the extinction of the printed book, that has existed for more than 500 years. Many products that belongs to the same information industry, like thes the music, are currently being provided by the industry and consumed in radically different manners as compared to just few years ago. Books still have been consumed mainly in the printed format. Why is that? The main objective of this research is to identify the differences in perception about the adoption of electronic didactic books among university professors and publishing professionals. This research uses the Survey as its method and the instrument developed by Moore and Benbasat (1991) about the adoption of innovations. Professors´ and Publishing professionals´ perceptions were investigated in what it concerned the possible use of electronic didactic books replacing the printed. It is concluded that professors are more prepared to make use of electronic books than it is imagined by the publishing professionals.

In this thesis I am going to investigate the trends within e-business, what it is that drive these trends and why these drivers are of such importance. I chose this subject since I have found it very interesting and useful in my career because of the importance it embraces in today’s business world. The aspect of e-commerce has changed a lot lately to in the beginning of the 1990s be about being present on the Internet with a web site, to being about transactions, meaning to buy or sell through digital media at the end of the 1990s, to today be about being used to make profitability – an era that can be called e-business, because it is now that e-business finally gets its big breakthrough and starts to be recognized as a necessity for companies to survive. As long as e-business has existed so have trends in the same matter. What will be the trends of e-business in the future? Impossible to say of course, but by taking today’s major trends into consideration, and to look at what drives these trends might have, will make it possible to get a glimpse of the future of this relatively new business phenomenon called e-business. To get the best result possible of my thesis I have made a wide literature study in the subject by reading and examine accurate literature and articles as well as carried out interviews with different IT-gurus and other persons that is thought to withhold a lot of information about my chosen subject. I have focused on two major trends being customer oriented trends and service digitization. Customer oriented trends are trends which have their focus towards customers such as customer service, offering more product choices and to have integrated solutions. Service digitization is the transformation of paper-based transactions into the new integrated multi-channel processes. The driver I have found of most significance and therefore focused on is customers. Customers are important as drivers since they have adopted a new role in the business process. Customers nowadays have found a way to let their voices to be heard. With the help of blogs, social networks and wikis over the Internet they can express their feelings and suggestions about products as well as companies and have so to say gained a more active role as customers to also taking part of the development. This voice of the customers is highly essential to listen to if you as a company want to survive in a business world where customers get more and more power. After finishing this study I came up with the importance of service, and especially customer service as well of personalization and customization (to personalize the shopping experience for the customer). Another important conclusion is the importance of customers, both as trends to focus on, as well as drivers behind these trends. ii Acknowledgements

The aim of this study is to increase the understanding of digitization in school. More specifically it investigates the use of digital tools implemented in teaching activities. The study also aims to find out what opportunities digital use gives rise to in the role of primary school teachers and how digital progress has influenced the professional role. The three formulated questions that characterize the study are; “How do primary school teachers use digital tools in their professional activities?”, “To what extent do primary school teachers use digital tools in their professional activities?”, “What possible and changed ways of working have digital tools given rise in the professional education of primary school teachers?”. The empirical study is based on 63 questionnaires completed by primary school teachers in Uppsala County, which is the selection for this study. The theoretical framework consists of Engeströms activity theory, which is based on the socio-cultural perspective of learning founded by Vygotskij. The study is also based on previous research concerning the digitization of schools, including the digital tools as aids and digital literacy.   The result shows that the digital tools characterize the profession as a primary school teacher and that these tools have come to play a major role in teaching. The digital tools are used to a very large extent every day and have brought in many opportunities and also contributed to changed working methods in school. The result also shows that the digital tools can have negative effects, but most of the digital tools are seen as an asset.

Change is a timeless phenomenon. There are different catalysts for change, a significant catalyst is digitization that affects society, organizations and individuals. An industry where digitization has been discussed a lot is the accounting and audit industry, where the foundation lies in creating, validating and reporting financial information. Current technological developments change the way in which the industry operates, thus managing the financial information. Digitization is an organizational change in the industry and thus also examined how this change affects the professional role. The purpose of the study is to contribute to a deeper understanding of the effects of organizational change that arises from digitization and how specific factors can contribute to a successful change process. In addition, we wanted to identify the working methods of the future and how the professional role in the accounting and audit industry will develop. What has been shown in the study is the positive attitude towards digitization and changing working methods. This can be explained by the adaptability of the individual, the company's success in its implementation of digitization and the age factor in the company. Digitization has resulted in a more flexible way of working which contributes to reduced physical contact. Consulting and analysis are identified as significant competencies as digitalization's development of the industry. Additionally, a seventh success factor, Customer Relationship, is added.

The aim of the present masters thesis is to create a guide, which leads small and medium enterprises to business process digitization. It is presumed that the enterprise has already implemented business process management on a certain level. The theoretical part of the thesis defines important terms and describes benefits and possible problems that are connected with the implementation of business process automation. The most important tools, methods and principles which help with the transformation of a business process to an automated process by ICT are described in the thesis.  Possible steps that can be made by a medium insurance company during the implementation of business process digitization are described in the practical part. Every step is demonstrated on a concrete example.  The thesis brings the reader a specific summary of knowledge of business process management and digitization. It creates a baseline for a guide of implementation of intern processes of the company.

The ongoing development of storage devices and technologies for medical image management has led to a growth in the digital archiving of these images. The characteristics of medical x-rays are examined, and a number of digital coding methods are considered. An investigation of several fast cosine transform algorithms is carried out. An adaptive cosine transform coding technique is implemented which produces good quality images using bit rates lower than 0.38 bits per picture element