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The aim of this Master´s thesis is to examine the debate in Swedish library press concerning outsourcing of public libraries. The two magazines studied are BBL (Biblioteksbladet) and bis (bibliotek i samhälle). The period of time covered by the selected articles is 2005 to 2011. Although there are still quite few cases of tendering arrangements in Sweden, the question has been raised in the last years by the decision of the Municipality of Nacka (Stockholm) to outsource their public libraries. Another important factor for bringing the question into focus has been the general elections of 2006, which brought an alliance of right-wing parties to power.      In this thesis the arguments of the participants are documented and analyzed. The premises of the arguments are also analyzed. The premises are equivalent to the ambiguous and mutually connected concepts of democracy, culture, freedom and power. The results show that the debate is determined by what I call “the conventional concept of public libraries”. According to this concept, the role of a public library is to promote democracy. Democracy, then, is defined in a social liberal way. It is this view of the role of public libraries that is being defended by the opponents of tendering arrangements. Even the arguments of the advocates of outsourcing must be understood in light of  liberal democratic tradition. However, the advocates represent the neoliberal view of democracy, which makes them define the concepts of freedom and power in a different way compared to their antagonists. Inspired by the theory of meaning proposed by Michael Dummett, I show that there are strong reasons for stating that the debate is won by the opponents of outsourcing. The word “public library” can only be used for a very specific kind of institution, provided that it is still meaningful. Furthermore, using the theory of power elaborated by the North American political and social theorist Steven Lukes, I also show that the arguments of the participants in the debate essentially are to be understood in light of the power that the participants claim is being exercised over the users by the two opposite ways of managing public libraries. Last of all, the debate can be seen as an expression of a secular liberal democratic discussion concerning the relation between the state, the market and the civil society.

Denna studie undersöker framförallt god redovisningssed och rättvisande bild samt vilka konsekvenser dessa begrepp får för byggbranschen. Det visar sig att det trots detaljerade regelverk ändå finns utrymme i lagen för tolkning och subjektiva bedömningar vid entreprenader, varulager och avyttring av fastighet. Arbetsgången inleddes med en teoristudie för att göra en fördjupning och inblick i ämnet. Olika redovisningsprinciper i tillämpliga delar har studerats. Liksom även de internationella regelverken även om uppsatsen har begränsats till svenska förhållanden. Det gäller framför allt de normer som gäller för byggföretag, i fråga om successiv vinstavräkning, varulagervärdering och överlåtelse av fastighet. Den kvalitativa metoden har använts i studien som genomfördes genom samtalsintervjuer med fem olika byggföretag verksamma i Karlstads omnejd.I den teoretiska referensramen förklaras begrepp som rättvisande bild, värdering av varulager, bestämmelser vid avyttring av fastighet, samt forskning om successiv vinstavräkning och entreprenader, vilket uppsatsen grundas på. Empirin byggs på intervjuerna och allmän information om företagen, samt avgränsning av respondenter. I analys presenteras grundläggande redovisningssynpunkter, entreprenader och varulagervärdering, vilket är baserat på teoretiska referensramen och empirin.

Over 90% of forestry work is carried out today by contractors, therefore clear agreements between the client and the contractor it is of utmost importance. Contract Packages for work within the forest sector (APSE) is a collection contract templates that the industry jointly developed for this purpose. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how forest contractors do to keep themselves updated of the current laws and government regulations, which channels are available to accomplish this and what possible obstacles may occur. 20 interviews were conducted with contractors engaged in logging. The results show, among other things, the availability of and which channels most contractors use out of which aggravating circumstances exist and how strong they are perceived and what is expected of the client in this regard.

The subject of this master thesis is the outsourcing of publiclibraries in Sweden. The purpose is to investigate theexperiences and notions that public librarians have of thephenomena of outsourcing public libraries, in relation to theirprofession and professional identity. I also investigate howtheir experiences and notions of the outsourcing of publiclibraries can be understood on a social level using GeirVestheim’s theory of the rationalities that influence culturalpolicy. The study is conducted through qualitative interviewswith six public librarians.The questions asked are: what approaches exist among publiclibrarians when it comes to the outsourcing of public libraries?Are there any connections between these approaches to theoutsourcing of public libraries and the public librarians’ selfexperienceof their professional identity? And how can theseapproaches and professional identities be understood on asocial level with the help of Vestheim’s theory of rationalitiesof cultural policy?My first conclusion is that the debate surrounding theoutsourcing of public libraries in Sweden is reflected in theway that the six interviewed librarians speak of the phenomena,but also that they express greater nuances when discussing it.The issue does not seem to be as binary as the polarized debatewould claim. My second conclusion is that the publiclibrarians’ self-experienced professional identity is notdependent on the library’s organizational form. Finally, I makethe claim that although the six public librarians have differentoutlooks on the phenomena of outsourcing public libraries, theyall share the same view of the library as an upholder ofdemocratic, cultural and social values.

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Trots lågkonjunkturen 2008 som satte många företag i konkurs och minskade antalet byggprojekt runt om i Sverige byggs det fortfarande mycket. Det sker upphandling varje dag och de flesta flyter på utan större problem dock kan det uppstå tvister och missförstånd mellan parterna. Det kvittar om entreprenader är stora eller små så är det viktigt för företagen att hålla nere kostnaderna, vilket kan göras om tvister och missförstånd minskas. Denna studie behandlar den privata byggsektorn och gjordes för att öka kunskapen inom entreprenadupphandling och dess brister. Syftet var således att ta fram en checklista vid upphandling för att minska eventuella fel som kan uppstå i samband med detta. Studiens resultat grundar sig framför allt på litteraturstudie och intervjuer gjorda med erfarna personer verksamma inom den privata byggsektorn fast med olika positioner. Resultatet visade att de flesta fel och brister som uppstår beror på okunskap hos berörda personer till upphandlingen. / Despite the economic downturn in 2008 that put many companies into bankruptcy and reduced number of construction projects in Sweden, there are still many ongoing projects. There occurs construction procurements every day and most are without dispute or misunderstanding between the parties but not always. It does not matter if contracts are large or small, it is important for companies to keep the costs down, which can be done by reducing disputes and misunderstandings. This study deals with the private construction sector and was done to increase knowledge in procurement and its shortcomings. The aim was therefore to develop a checklist for procurement to reduce any errors that may arise during construction procurements. The results of the study are mainly based on literature review and interviews conducted with experienced people in the private construction sector, but with different positions. The results showed that most faults that occur due to affected people lack knowledge.

This thesis is an attempt to study how a library that is driven by a contractor works. How allinvolved parts can cooperate. The main method used, is qualitative interviews. The authorshave made a survey at the public library in Järna in Södertälje county, where Boktjänst i JärnaAB has the business on contract since 1991.Following areas have been studied: organisation and assignment; librarysphere of activity andservices; the relations to the main library, and the vision for the future of the library.Some of the conclusions drawn by the authors are that when tenders are invited for a job, thelocal conditions must be taken into consideration. To have the same employer for the wholelibrary staff are likely to simplify the matters. ·

The purpose of this master’s thesis is to study the organisational culture of two public libraries managed differently. One of the libraries in my study is run by the local bookstore and the other is run by a staff co-operative. My aim is to elucidate characteristic features in the culture of these two public library organisations. The questions I posed are which types of organisation culture can be identified in the two given examples and what the factors are that may be of importance for these cultures. In my study I use Henning Bang’s definition of organisational culture as a set of common norms, values and comprehensions of the reality formed in an organisation through cooperating within the group and with the outside world. I’ve also used Bang’s division of the concept into content and expression, when I’ve gathered information in my empiric study. The study has contained of texts from and about the chosen libraries, an inquiry answered by all the staff members and interviews with three members from each organisation. I have used Critical Values Framework and Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument as tools for analysing the material. Both libraries in this study can, according to these tools, be characterised as clan oriented. Although the similarities, the organisation culture in the two libraries differs in many ways. My conclusion is that the specific context of history and the driving force of change, are of great importance to the organisation culture. / Uppsatsnivå: D

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