The purpose of this study is to explore the influence of national culture on corporate greening with specific focus on motivations that drive companies to respond to environmental issues and strategies that companies develop in this regard. The existing literature indicates that the research on motivational and strategic aspects of corporate greening is limited from cultural perspective. Thus, a qualitative study of Swedish and Belarusian companies was conducted to illustrate what induces firms to go green and to describe what environmental strategies are implemented by them. The analysis of received empirical data was concentrated on aligning national culture features with the motivations for environmental initiatives and relevant elements of green strategies. The findings demonstrate the connection between national culture and environmental strategy through green motivations. Finally, some implications for further research as well as practitioners are presented.

The Green factory mark system validated by the Ministry of Economic Affairs will be officially launched in 2012. The assessment of green plants covers not only in the prohibition of harmful substances during the manufacturing process, reduction of unnecessary waste and promotion of environmental protection policies, but also extends to the whole supply chain from raw materials, parts suppliers to proceed with the environmental protection policies, and ultimately helps to achieve the objective of the green supply chain. However, there are no related laws to require part suppliers to adhere to green production plant objective currently in car industry. This study focuses on how customers affect and influence suppliers¡¦ environmental commitment based on its own environmental strategies and environmental performance requirements. The study is mainly from the constructs of customer¡¦s environmental strategy and customer¡¦s environmental performance requirements which includes moderators of contract, evaluation, and encouragement to investgae the relationship with suppliers environmental commitment. The study takes 246 suppliers of Honda Taiwan Motor Co., Ltd as sampling and utilizes Likert five-level scaling method from 1 to 5, from ¡uStrongly disagree¡v¡B¡uDisagree¡v¡B¡uNeither agree nor disagree¡v¡B¡uAgree¡v¡B¡uStrongly agree¡vto confirm hypothesises of the study. According to the results of this study, the predictive factors for improving suppliers¡¦s environmental commitment are customer environmental performance requirements; customer environmental strategy and contract in order. The statistical results are significant. In other words, suppliers will raise its environmental commitment according to its major customers¡¦ environmental performance requirements and environmental strategies. Suppliers also agree that contract restrictions signed with major customers would enhance and raise its environmental commitment. The study takes Honda Taiwan Motor Co., Ltd. as an example trying to see how to raise suppliers¡¦ environmental commitment without any laws reinforcement and expects to set the standard for other companies in Taiwan.

Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögsk., 2004.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MicheleGC.pdf: 957133 bytes, checksum: 3f82c2cd5e4c535ca96fccdc49920053 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / The objective of the work was to investigate, from the vision of travel agents, the importance of environmental practices as a decision factor in the purchase of a tourist package. For in such a way, it was established as target population, the travel agencies and tourism linked to he Brazilian Association of Travel agencies ABAV, hearing the Brazilian travel agents that exerted the function in Natal, city in 2005. The election of the sample was accomplished using the simple random sampling technique. The amount of agents effectively searched was of 150 agents being distributed 150 questionnaires, with closed and opened questions, applied during the month of November in 2005. Results showed great variability of interviewed answers in that if it relates for sale of package tourist where the customer demonstrates enviromental concern with the environmental quality. Through multiple regression analyses, it was environmental concern with the environmental quality of the place and the perception of the practical importance of the existence environmental practices in the place as important factor in the decision of tourist package purchase / O objetivo do trabalho foi investigar, a partir da vis?o dos agentes de viagens, a import?ncia do emprego de pr?ticas ambientais como fator de decis?o de escolha de um pacote tur?stico. Para tanto foi estabelecida como popula??o alvo, as ag?ncias de viagens e turismo filiadas a Associa??o Brasileira de Ag?ncias de Viagens ABAV, tendo como amostra os agentes de viagens brasileiros que exerciam a fun??o na cidade de Natal em 2005. A sele??o da amostra foi efetivada utilizando-se a t?cnica de amostragem aleat?ria simples. A quantidade de agentes efetivamente pesquisados foi de 150 agentes sendo distribu?dos 150 question?rios, com perguntas fechadas e abertas, aplicados durante o m?s de novembro de 2005. Resultados mostraram grande variabilidade de respostas do entrevistado no que se refere ? venda de pacote tur?sticos onde o cliente demonstra a preocupa??o ambiental com a qualidade ambiental do local. Atrav?s de an?lises de regress?o m?ltipla, observou-se a exist?ncia de rela??o entre a venda de pacote tur?sticos onde o cliente demonstra a preocupa??o ambiental com a qualidade ambiental do local e a percep??o da import?ncia da exist?ncia de pr?ticas ambientais no local como fator importante na decis?o de compra de um pacote tur?stico

Yes / This paper uses insights from the natural resource-based view (NRBV) to examine the conditions under which proactive environmental strategy (PES) drive firm performance. Using data collected from 266 small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) operating in Ghana, the results suggest that the impact of PES on firm performance is more pronounced in firms that do not purse bottom of the pyramid (BOP) orientation but not significant for firms pursuing the BOP orientation. Besides, the findings show that the influence of PES on firm performance is amplified for firms adopting imitation orientation but not significant for non-imitation oriented firms. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

The growing consensus among scientists and governments on the need for immediate action to avoid the dangerous impacts of climate change has resulted in many industries starting to prepare for a carbon-constrained world, in order to analyse the effectiveness of industry response, this research has developed a theoretical framework to categorise corporate strategies on climate change in developing and industrialized countries. The framework classifies the corporate response into four sets of strategies based on their operational and management activities. The empirical data was collected from 180 companies trough a questionnaire survey in Pakistan and the UK. Twenty-four interviews with representatives from industries and other stakeholder groups were also conducted to triangulate and complement the survey results. An analysis of the empirical data indicates that corporate responses towards climate change can be characterized in four categories: indifferent, beginner, emerging and active which validates the theoretical framework. The research found that business responses to this international challenge depend on national policies, economic, social, and technological related factors. However, the strength and content of these factors varies between industrialized and developing countries, where corporate environmentalism is a relatively new phenomenon. For Pakistan, the findings suggest that, in the absence of regulatory and societal pressure, the only effective incentive for organizations is cost-savings tlirough energy efficiency projects. However, their response is shaped by the prevalence of obstacles and a lack of external pressure that prevent a different picture to emerge. The situation is different for the UK. Due to regulatory pressure, UK firms are actively involved in GHG management activities. However, climate policies concerning industries for instance, EU ETS, do not provide sufficient incentives to companies to change from 'business as usual' because of its short-term outlook, uncertainty, complexity and the generous allocation of allowances, hence very low carbon price.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:52:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FranciscoMAV.pdf: 1991792 bytes, checksum: 986804b5386d02957517c2f54109ce06 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / The natural resources degradation and its consequences to the society life have provided several discussions about the evaluation methods and environmental management, and the available means to minimize the effects of man s actions over the environment. Amongst these actions is the encouragement to the community participation in the process of carrying out the environmental programs, considering government and enterprises representatives or residents of certain places as social actors. Within these context, this paper had as a goal the investigation of the public participation in the environmental programs in areas that are susceptible to desertification, specificly in Parelhas/RN. The choice for this town was due to its insertion in an area considered as a desetification nucleous, which is, a region that suffers land degradation as a consequence of climate variations or human activities. Therefore, the research in question, of a descriptive and exploratory type, had as an instrument a structured questionnaire, applied to a sample of 223 people out of an 11,068 over 20 years of age residents population. The data have been tabled from Statistics for Windows Program and later interpreted based on the theoretical reference over the subject. As a result, corroborating to the literature of the area, it was found that the community participation in any type of action or debate about environmental questions is associated to the perception and knowledge about the problems. Although the people who were interviewed believe in the responsibility of the ceramic industry in causing environmental problems, they also believe that the benefits brought by the sector overcome such problems / A degrada??o dos recursos naturais e suas conseq??ncias para a vida da sociedade t?m gerado in?meras discuss?es a respeito dos m?todos de avalia??o e gest?o ambiental e dos meios dispon?veis para amenizar os efeitos das a??es do homem sobre o meio-ambiente. Entre essas a??es est? a de incentivar a participa??o da comunidade no processo de execu??o de programas ambientais, considerando representantes de governo e empresas ou moradores de determinadas localidades como atores sociais. Dentro desse contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo a investiga??o da participa??o p?blica em programas ambientais voltados para as ?reas suscet?veis ? desertifica??o, especificamente em Parelhas/RN. A escolha deste munic?pio se deu em virtude da sua inser??o em ?rea denominada como n?cleo de desertifica??o, ou seja, regi?o com degrada??o de terras fruto de varia??es clim?ticas ou de atividades humanas. Sendo assim, a pesquisa em quest?o, do tipo descritivo e explorat?rio, teve como instrumento o question?rio do tipo estruturado, aplicado a uma amostra de 223 pessoas de uma popula??o de 11.068 habitantes acima de 20 anos de idade. Os dados foram tabulados a partir do Programa Statistics for Windows e posteriormente interpretados com base no referencial te?rico acerca do tema. Como resultado, corroborando com a literatura da ?rea, tem-se que a participa??o da comunidade em qualquer tipo de a??o ou debate a respeito de quest?es ambientais tem associa??o com percep??o e conhecimento acerca dos problemas. Apesar dos entrevistados acreditarem na responsabilidade das ind?strias de cer?mica em causar problemas ambientais, tamb?m acreditam que os benef?cios trazidos pelo setor superam tais problemas

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:53:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarliFFST.pdf: 2518265 bytes, checksum: 297d11db3cf3aac22fa25f256aaa15d2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-19 / Demand for organic foods within in Brazil are growing, characterizing itself for if constituting in a new strategical segment of commercialization. In this context, the objective of this research was to investigate the variables used by consumers in the purchase decision of organic products, aiming to characterize the level of competitiveness of these products, assisting in the creation of environmental strategies for the development of the activity and contributing in the increment of the knowledge about the subject, that can assist it in the increase of the commercialization and the consumption of these foods. From data collected in the city of Natal/RN, it was used a survey research, of exploratory and descriptive character. The sample was obtained using 401 questionnaires, in which was realized: the Test of Comparison of Averages, Descriptive analysis, analysis of Cluster and Qui-square. The results found in this study indicate that the main reasons for the organic food purchase are the absence of chemical pesticides in the product, followed by the care with own health and of the household. The main characteristics in the consumers of supermarkets, that are associates with purchase frequency of organic foods are the environmental behavior and lifestyle. Among the profile characteristics, gender, age and number of children are associates with the purchase frequency of these foods and the income and level education not showed association / A procura por alimentos org?nicos no Brasil vem crescendo, constituindo-se num novo segmento estrat?gico de comercializa??o. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa foi investigar as vari?veis utilizadas pelos consumidores na decis?o de compra de produtos org?nicos, visando caracterizar o n?vel de competitividade desses produtos, auxiliando na cria??o de estrat?gias ambientais para o desenvolvimento da atividade e contribuindo para o incremento do conhecimento sobre o assunto que possa vir a auxiliar no aumento da comercializa??o e no consumo desses alimentos. A partir de dados coletados na cidade de Natal/RN, utilizou-se uma metodologia de pesquisa do tipo survey , de car?ter explorat?rio e descritivo. A amostra foi obtida atrav?s de 401 question?rios, nos quais foram realizados: o Teste de Compara??o de M?dias, an?lises Descritivas, an?lises de Cluster e de Qui-quadrado. Os resultados encontrados neste estudo indicam que os principais motivos para a compra de alimentos org?nicos s?o a aus?ncia de agrot?xicos no produto, seguido pelo cuidado com a pr?pria sa?de e de seus familiares. As principais caracter?sticas dos consumidores de supermercados, que est?o associados ? freq??ncia de compra de hortifruti org?nicos s?o o comportamento ambiental e estilo de vida. Dentre as caracter?sticas de perfil, g?nero, idade e n?mero de filhos est?o associados ? freq??ncia de compra desses alimentos e as vari?veis renda e escolaridade n?o apresentaram associa??o

Som ett universitet som har erhållit bottenbetyg bland statliga myndigheter 2009 har KTH idag en vision om att bli ett av Europas ledande universitet inom miljö och hållbar utveckling. Syftet med detta examensarbete var att undersöka KTH:s energianvändning utifrån ett systemperspektiv med delsyftet att resultatet ska kunna användas som ett underlag med konkreta förbättringsförslag. För att uppnå detta har en energikartläggning av KTH:s skolor och nulägesbeskrivning utförts. Vidare har en intervjustudie genomförts för att erhålla en fördjupning i det energiarbete KTH och Akademiska Hus bedriver i dagsläget. Kartläggningen har påvisat minskning i energianvändningen i samtliga skolor, där ABE-skolan under 2015 visar en förbrukning på 3988 MWh vilket innebär en minskning på ca 30 % mot 2011 (5690 MWh). ICT-skolan uppvisar lägst minskning med ca 8 %. KTH:s skolors totala energianvändning kommandes från fastigheter uppgår till ca 188 GWh. Resultatet av examensarbetet visar på att KTH:s miljöarbete tidigare inte har legat på en tillfredsställande nivå samt att den befintliga hyresmodellen mellan KTH och Akademiska Hus inte skapar incitament för förbättringar i energifrågan från KTH:s sida. Vidare framkommer det att Akademiska Hus och KTH har haft olika ambitionsnivåer i energifrågan, samt att energirapporteringsverktyget som KTH har till sitt förfogande har tydliga förbättringspotentialer, där avskiljning av fastighets - och verksamhetsel är ett av dem. Detta skulle tillåta tydligare uppföljningar av uppsatta energimål inom KTH vilket idag inte är fallet. Några av de förbättringsförslag som slutsatsen landar i kan sammanfattas som: Tillskapa en motpart på KTH till energistrategrollen på AH, vilket skulle förenkla kommunikationen mellan parterna och lyfta fram energifrågan inom KTH. Starta en diskussion kring hyresmodellen och förbättra den så att incitament kan skapas främst för KTH.  Utveckla ett förbättrat energirapporteringsverktyg. / As a University that has been low rated amongst government agencies 2009, today KTH has a vision to become one of Europe’s leading universities in sustainable development. The aim with this paper is to investigate the energy consumption at KTH from a systems perspective. Another purpose is that the result could be used as a guideline for future work. The paper involves mapping of the energy consumption in the schools of KTH and a description of the current state regarding the energy work. Further, an interview survey has been performed in order to achieve a better understanding of how Akademiska Hus and KTH relates to the energy topic. The mapping shows that all schools shows a reduction in their energy consumptions, where ABE by the year 2015 has an energy consumption of 3988 MWh which is a decrease by 30 % compared to 2011 (5690 MWh). The lowest reduction is shown by ICT which counts to 8 %. The total energy consumption coming from facilities at KTH is counted to approx. 188 GWh. The result of this paper shows that the environmental work of KTH have not been on a satisfying level and that the current rental model between KTH and Akademiska Hus does not encourage progress in the energy topic at KTH. Further, it is proven that Akademiska Hus and KTH have different levels of ambition in the energy matter, and that the energy reporting tool that is provided to KTH has clear improvement potentials, where a distinction between property – and operation electric is one of them. This would allow clearer follow-ups of the energy goals in KTH, which is not the case today. A summary of improvement suggestions from the conclusions of the study are:   Create a counterpart at KTH to the energy strategist at AH that could facilitate the communication between the parties and highlight the energy issues at KTH.   Start a discussion concerning the rental model and improve it, to create incentives for energy savings mainly at the KTH side.   Develop and introduced an improved energy reporting tool.

The Covid19-pandemic may have impacted the environmental strategies of firms as it has had a major impact on the world economy and businesses. In particular Small and Medium Sized Enterprises (SMEs) as during prolonged economic downturns they suffer disproportionately which could be due to lack of key resources which bigger firms naturally have more of, such as access to bank loans, technological, managerial, and human resources. Nevertheless, the Covid19-pandemic does not make the current environmental crises any less important therefore it is imperative to explore how firms’ environmental strategies have adapted during this time. The purpose of this study was to examine what happens to environmental strategies when firms experience harsher financial conditions. This have led us to construct the following research question:“How do SMEs adjust their environmental strategies during crises?”In this paper we answer the research question by analyzing the effect Covid19 has had on the environmental strategies of Swedish SMEs’ environmental strategies during Covid19. In order to achieve the purpose of this study we performed a qualitative study with an exploratory approach by interviewing seven different Swedish SMEs within the construction industry. The key findings this our study produced was that the firms’ environmental strategies remained resilient as no firm decreased their focus on environmental strategy nor did they view this aspect less important. Rather some firms intensified their environmental strategies suggesting that this might be a viable strategy to survive a crisis.