The Swedish law tells us that employers and co-workers are responsible to encourage gender equality work in order to make equal opportunities for both women and men in the Swedish work force. Different organizations have different conditions to change and the gender equality work is an example of a work of change. Previous research shows that gender equality work come across opposition in several ways. The aim of this study is to explain how departmental managers in care units work with gender equality and furthermore how the organization gives them conditions to do so. The question I aim to answer is: How is the departmental managers gender equality work influenced by the organizations particular conditions? To fulfil the aim of the study and answer the question I used a qualitative approach. Four departmental managers in care units were interviewed by means of semi- structured interviews. The material was processed with a thematic approach. I searched for common themes in the interviews and interpreted it with the assistance of select theory. The theories were Göran Ahrnes and Apostolis Papakostas organization theory about mechanisms of rigidity and Yvonne Hirdmans concept gender system. The results of the study show that written gender equality documents make mechanisms of rigidity and contribute to an inability to change. The organizations give the departmental managers capacity to diminish the need of gender equality work by means of shifting in time, category and responsibility. The analysis gives an explanation of the conditions with the assistance of the gender systems involvement in the organizations structure and culture. The conclusion means that the gender system makes the gender-differentiated organization inartificial, and therefore affects the conditions of the departmental managers gender equality work.

<p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate and analyze the term diversity in five Swedish municipality’s combined gender equality- and diversity plans. The purpose is also to investigate who or whom of the employers that are included in the term diversity and if gender equality is included in the diversity work. The material is analyzed on the basis of theory of intersectionality and discourse analysis. The outcome of the analysis indicates that the municipalities use the term diversity in many different ways in the combined gender equality- and diversity plans. The municipalities usually use the term diversity for all of the employers and all groups of people are included in the work with diversity. Gender is included in the term diversity but gender quality work is often not included in the diversity work. In this essay the term diversity seem to be a difficult term for the municipalities to use and they often uses the term in different contexts.</p>

The purpose of this essay is to investigate and analyze the term diversity in five Swedish municipality’s combined gender equality- and diversity plans. The purpose is also to investigate who or whom of the employers that are included in the term diversity and if gender equality is included in the diversity work. The material is analyzed on the basis of theory of intersectionality and discourse analysis. The outcome of the analysis indicates that the municipalities use the term diversity in many different ways in the combined gender equality- and diversity plans. The municipalities usually use the term diversity for all of the employers and all groups of people are included in the work with diversity. Gender is included in the term diversity but gender quality work is often not included in the diversity work. In this essay the term diversity seem to be a difficult term for the municipalities to use and they often uses the term in different contexts.

Denna uppsats är till sin form en reflekterande vetenskaplig essä som undersöker en normkritisk jämlikhetsarbetares praktiska kunnande och yrkesvillkor. Författarens egen yrkeserfarenhet finns med i form av en berättelse från ett genusprojekt inom högre skådespelarutbildning. Denna dilemmasituation bildar utgångspunkt för ett undersökande i dialog med historiska och samtida tänkare och praktiker. Framträdande i undersökningen är Aristoteles kunskapsbegrepp fronesis – den praktiska klokheten. Undersökningen beskriver några av de komplexiteter som finns i att bedriva ett arbete som utmanar maktordningar i en organisation och visar att det krävs praktisk klokhet för att hantera motstånd, starka känslor och våld. / This reflective scientific essay examines the practical knowledge of the equality worker involved with anti-oppressive education in a Swedish context, where the term “norm critique” is used. The writers personal experience is included in the work, in the form of a narrative from a “messy situation” in a project centered on gender perspectives in actor training. This dilemma is the starting point for an inquiry in dialogue with contemporary and historical thinkers and practitioners. Prominently in the essay is Aristotle's term for skill and practical wisdom, phronesis. The inquiry describes some of the complexities that lies in doing counter hegemonic work within organizations and it shows that this kind of work demands practical wisdom to be able to handle resistance, strong emotions and violence.

<p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate and analyze how widely and intensive gender</p><p>equality issues are considered within Swedish companies. Qualitative interviews were</p><p>arranged with personnel managers within each company, and complemented with a</p><p>questionnaire amongst the employees. The collected information was analysed on the basis of</p><p>gender theory, organization and change theory, theory of equal opportunities and historical</p><p>statistics. The outcome of the analysis indicates that companies find gender equality of high</p><p>interest, and important to address within the daily work. However the analysis also shows that</p><p>even though the companies find gender equality important it is only adopted within few areas,</p><p>and not across all departments. Much of the work done on gender equality is done</p><p>unconsciously by the company. They do not reflect on why they need to work with gender</p><p>equality issues. The companies are unaware of and have not reflected over the majority of the</p><p>intense work within gender equality.</p> / <p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur brett och intensivt tre privata företag i Sverige bedriver jämställdhetsarbete. För att närma oss undersökningsområdet genomförde vi en djupintervju med ansvarig chef på varje företag samt delade ut en enkät till de anställda. Vi analyserade det insamlade materialet med hjälp av genusteori, organisations- och förändringsteori, teorier kring jämställdhetsarbete och med hjälp av statistik från tidigare forskning. Det resultatet visar på i studien är att alla företagen anser att jämställdhet är viktigt och det är viktigt att arbeta med jämställdhet. Företagen arbetar intensivt med jämställdhet inom några få områden men de saknar en bredd i jämställdhetsarbetet. Mycket av det intensiva arbete som bedrivs är idag omedvetet och företagen reflekterar inte över varför ett jämställdhetsarbete ska bedrivas.</p>

The purpose of this essay is to investigate and analyze how widely and intensive gender equality issues are considered within Swedish companies. Qualitative interviews were arranged with personnel managers within each company, and complemented with a questionnaire amongst the employees. The collected information was analysed on the basis of gender theory, organization and change theory, theory of equal opportunities and historical statistics. The outcome of the analysis indicates that companies find gender equality of high interest, and important to address within the daily work. However the analysis also shows that even though the companies find gender equality important it is only adopted within few areas, and not across all departments. Much of the work done on gender equality is done unconsciously by the company. They do not reflect on why they need to work with gender equality issues. The companies are unaware of and have not reflected over the majority of the intense work within gender equality. / Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur brett och intensivt tre privata företag i Sverige bedriver jämställdhetsarbete. För att närma oss undersökningsområdet genomförde vi en djupintervju med ansvarig chef på varje företag samt delade ut en enkät till de anställda. Vi analyserade det insamlade materialet med hjälp av genusteori, organisations- och förändringsteori, teorier kring jämställdhetsarbete och med hjälp av statistik från tidigare forskning. Det resultatet visar på i studien är att alla företagen anser att jämställdhet är viktigt och det är viktigt att arbeta med jämställdhet. Företagen arbetar intensivt med jämställdhet inom några få områden men de saknar en bredd i jämställdhetsarbetet. Mycket av det intensiva arbete som bedrivs är idag omedvetet och företagen reflekterar inte över varför ett jämställdhetsarbete ska bedrivas.

Denna studies syfte är att beskriva och förstå könsmönster i förskolebarns samtal omkring lek. Tidigare forskning har visat att den rådande normen i förskolan är den heterosexuella normen. Studier har visat att man inte vet hur många förskolor som arbetar med jämställdhet för att det inte finns någon skyldighet att rapportera det. Barn anpassar sig till pedagogers och vuxenvärldens normer på hur de förväntas vara. Utifrån empirin, som består av två gruppintervjuer med barn i 4-5årsåldern, så visar det att barnen applicerar de rådande könsstereotypa föreställningarna på leksaker och föremål i sin närmiljö. Enligt min studie så var barnen medvetna om könsmönster och delade upp lekformationer och leksaker i manligt och kvinnligt kodade positioner. Samtidigt som barnen tilldelade olika föremål från sin lekmiljö könskategorierna flickor och pojkar, visade de förståelse för att flickor och pojkar inte ska delas upp utan att alla utifrån en vedertagen norm ska leka tillsammans och med alla föremål på förskolan. Uppsatsen avslutas med tankar som har uppkommit under min studie och förslag till vidare forskning. / The purpose of this study is to examine and understand the view on gender patterns in preschool children's conversations about play. Previous research has shown that in preschools is the prevailing norm the heterosexual norm and that children adjust to educators and adult world standards on how they are expected to behave. There is currently no way of knowing how many Swedish preschools are working with gender equality because there is no obligation to report it. The empirical material in this study, consisting of two group interviews with children between the ages of 4 to 5, show that children apply the prevailing stereotypical gender notions on toys and objects in their local environment. According to this study, the children were aware of gender roles and were dividing game formations and toys into male and female coded positions. At the same time as the children assigned the gender categories "girls" and "boys" on various items from their play environment, they did however also show understanding for the idea that girls and boys should not be divided but instead play together and be able to use all preschool objects from an accepted norm. The essay concludes with some reflections that arose during my study and suggestions for further research.

Previous research has shown that traditional gender patterns and gender roles are being reproduced by adults and society. Gender patterns is something that is discovered in for example children’s play pattern while gender roles are attributed to the way a girl or a boy is considered to behave. This study investigates four preschool teachers’ perceptions of their own gender equality work, how they understand the terms “gender patterns” and “gender roles” and how the new Swedish preschool curriculum effects their work against inequality between boys and girls. Qualitative interview has been used as a method and then the preschool teachers’ answers have been compared and categorized. Six categories appear in the results: “Traditional gender patterns and genes roles”, “The influence of society and the home”, “Gender transparency”, “Conversation and reflection”, “Awareness” and “The curriculum reinforces the work in preschool”. The preschool teachers seem to think that gender patterns and gender roles are linked to a traditional way of seeing gender and that society and the homes are the sources to the reproduction of these traditional ways of categorizing boys and girls. To counteract traditional gender patterns and gender roles the preschools teachers believes in a gender transparency approach, conversation and reflection and awareness in choices such ass materials, environment and in how adults value boys and girls. The preschool teachers believe that de new Swedish curriculum supports their already ingoing gender equality work. / <p><strong>Fastställt via akademichefsbeslut HIG-STYR 2019/7 den 2019-01-07</strong></p><p><strong> </strong>Daniel Petterson, fil dr, univ. lekt Pedagogik och Erika Björklund, fil dr, univ. lekt Pedagogik går in som examinatorer på PEG700 under veckorna 1 till och med 3, 2019 då Peter Gill, prof. Pedagogik, gått i pension från och med 2019-01-01.</p>

The purpose of our essay is to investigate how preschool teachers take gender into account in the design of the physical environment at their preschool. We will examine this based on the following issues: How do preschool teachers use gender-coded material and how do they design an environment that is inviting both girls and boys? We also want to find out if the preschool teachers believe that the design of the room affects the creation of children's gender identity. Therefore, we have chosen to apply a qualitative method as it allows us to get closer to the subject area we want to investigate. The study has been demarcated, and consequently we have only studied three preschools in Stockholm. To gather our empirical material, we have chosen to interview five preschool teachers. We have also observed the physical indoor environment at three preschools. The result of our empirical material shows that all three preschools use gender-coded material. They also separated the material in defined areas. Based on the interview answers, we could see that preschool teachers work on gender equality and gender issues in different ways. We conclude that preschool teachers experience difficulties in carrying out gender equality work. Based on the research carried out by the Delegation for Gender Equality at Preschool, they address the difficulties that educators often face, as they look after the children's individual needs and ignore their gender. It can lead to gender blindness, and it counteracts successful gender equality work.

In today's schools, gender equality is a widely discussed topic among pedagogues. During our internship we had a differencing experience regarding the equality work done by each school. The aim of this study is to investigate how pedagogues teach gender equality in primary school and what difficulties that brings to the educational process. This was approached by gathering information from various papers published online in databases made available to us by Malmö University. We chose to restrict the search parameters to include mostly Swedish research as it’s mostly relevant for our line of work. The result shows research about how Swedish and some international schools work with gender equality. Most of the papers also include difficulties when teaching gender equality. The conclusion of the discussion is that pedagogues use different methods when teaching about the topic. For example value transmission, equality work is not included in regular teaching and to use books in gender equality work. Some difficulties have occurred. For example lack of competence, lack of time, a feeling that the assignment is difficult to interpret and that books contain the traditional gender roles, which complicates gender equality work. We have come up with how to further research the values.