The goal of this thesis is to create a business plan for estabilishing a specific enterprise. The theoretical part is aimed at an analysis of estabilishing a company and the problematics of e-commerce. The second part contains a business plan for estabilishing a small enterprise oriented on selling music instruments via Internet.

The aim of the thesis „Foundation of a New Company" is the preparing and elaboration of a business plan which is addressed to commercial camps’ organizations and educational activities for children and adults. This work is composed of two parts. The general section is devoted to the theoretical foundations which form the basis for practical part. The practical part includes an analysis of business. Based on this analysis were created business plan to establish the small business. The work closes with the final summary and recommendations which are contributed to an establishment and to a further development of the small business in the future.

The purpose of this diploma thesis is to create business plan for establishing an entire new business on gastronomy. Fundamental of this propsal is analysis and determination of conditions for business establishing, whereas the emphasis is placed on market segmentation and targeting the right group of consumers. The outcome is whole process for business opening, including marketing strategy, financial strategy and evaluation of business success assumption.

The aim of the thesis is to draw up a business plan for a small cafe. Thesis begins with thorough analysis of general and field business environment and uncovering strengths and weaknesses of a new beginning company. Then a target customer group is identified. Based on those analyses, a comprehensive business plan for establishing a cafe is created along with marketing plan, financial plan and risk analysis.

This master’s thesis deals with the establishment of a new Fornetti Café shop which is operating as a franchise. The opening part is focused on theoretical knowledge, basic notions and methods of creating of a business plan. The analytic part evaluates the current situation of the chain and the future franchisant. The final, practical part of the thesis contains the business plan for setting up of the franchise shop.

De 2001 à 2020, la Chine s’est donnée pour objectif «la réalisation des sociétés harmonieuses et socialistes » (社会主义和谐社会). À partir de 2016, la gouvernance des entreprises publiques chinoises a profondément été réformée par le comité du conseil d’État de Chine (SASAC), leur permettant l’accès aux marchés extérieurs (BRI) suivant en cela la diplomatie des « pays avoisinants (Yīquān « 一圏 »). Cette expansion des « marchés socialistes de Chine » touche particulièrement les pays d’Asie du Sud-Est ; les réseaux tracés par la Chine en Malaisie et au Cambodge en sont la démonstration.A partir de l’identification des entreprises publiques chinoises selon les activités ciblées pour préparer le « Made in China 2025 », nous caractérisons l’implantation, les pratiques et les réseaux établis par les entreprises spécialisées dans les énergies renouvelables. Les politiques de transition énergétique en ASEAN servent les stratégies de la Chine et de ses entreprises publiques, ouvrant les territoires au développement de l’interconnectivité en ASEAN, selon les concepts de la société chinoise(Shèhuì社会). / From 2001 to 2020, China set the goal of "achieving harmonious and socialist societies" (社会主义和谐社会). As of 2016, the governance of Chinese State-Owned-Enterprises (SOEs) has been profoundly reformed by the State Council Committee of China (SASAC), allowing them access to external markets (BRI) following the diplomacy of "neighboring countries" ( Yīquān "一圏"). This expansion of the "socialist markets of China" particularly affects the countries of Southeast Asia; the networks drawn by China in Malaysia and Cambodia are the demonstration. From the identification of the Chinese public companies according to the activities by the "Made in China 2025"policy, we describe the establishment, practices and networks established by companies specialized in the renewable energies. Energy transition policies in ASEAN serve the strategies of China and Chinese SOEs, opening the territories to the development of interconnectivity in ASEAN, according to the concepts of Chinese society (Shèhuì社会).

För att beslutsfattare och dagligvaruaktörer ska kunna fatta välgrundade beslut vid etablering av nya butiker är det viktigt att känna till hur demografiska faktorer påverkar dagligvarumarknaden. I denna uppsats analyserar vi med data för 2016 hur demografiska faktorer påverkar förekomsten av olika butikssegment på lokala marknader i Sverige samt hur demografi påverkar butikssegmentens omsättningsandelar. Segmenten skapades inom ramen för uppsatsen baserat på tidigare forskning och dagligvaruaktörernas egna butiksdefinitioner. Med logistiska regressioner på stadsdelsnivå finner vi (i) att en ökande andel befolkning med utrikes bakgrund påverkar sannolikheten positivt att minst en lågprisbutik finns etablerad i ett område, men påverkar sannolikheten att minst en traditionell mindre butik finns etablerad negativt. Vidare, med hjälp av OLS-regressioner på stadsdelsnivå finner vi (ii) att en högre andel befolkning med utrikes bakgrund påverkar lågprisbutikers andel av ett områdes totala omsättning positivt, men påverkar traditionella mindre butikers andel negativt. Till sist, indikerar resultatet (iii) att framförallt flödet av människor påverkar traditionella större butiker, både dess geografiska plats samt deras andel av ett områdes totala omsättning. På kommunnivå visar OLS-regressionerna delvis otydliga resultat, förmodligen till följd av allt för aggregerad data. Vår studie bidrar till den existerande litteraturen genom att analysera butiksetableringar och demografi i en svensk kontext. Tidigare forskning har främst undersökt den amerikanska och olika europeiska marknader. / It is important for policy makers and retail chains to recognise how demographics affect the non- durable goods business in order to make qualified decisions about establishing new grocery stores. In this thesis, using data from 2016, we analyse how demographics affect the presence of different store segments at local markets in Sweden and how it affects the turnover share of different store segments. The segments were defined as a part of this thesis and are based on previous literature and the concept description made by each included company. Using logit regressions on urban districts, we find (i) that a larger share of population with foreign background increases the probability that at least one discount store is established in the district but decreases the probability that at least one traditional small store is established. Further, using an OLS-regression on urban districts we find (ii) that a larger share of population with foreign background increases the share of total turnover in discount stores and decreases the share of total turnover for traditional small stores. Finally, our result indicates (iii) that the flow of people significantly affects traditional large stores, both regarding their presence on local markets as well as their share of the total turnover. When using municipalities as local markets, our OLS-regression provides partly indefinite results, probably a consequence of the aggregated data. Our thesis contributes to the existent literature by analysing store establishment and demography in a Swedish context. Previous literature has mainly evaluated American and European markets.

Context awareness is an important aspect of pervasive and ubiquitous computing. By utilizing contextual information gathered from the environment, applications can adapt to the user’s specific situation. In this thesis, user context is used to automatically discover multimedia devices and services that can be used by a mobile Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) user agent. The location of the user is captured using various sensing technologies to allow users of our SIP user agent to interact with network attached projectors, speakers, and cameras in a home or office environment. In order to determine the location of the user, we have developed and evaluated a context aggregation framework that gathers and analyzes contextual information from various sources such as passive infrared sensors, infrared beacons, light intensity, and temperature sensors. Once the location of the user is determined, the Service Location Protocol (SLP) is used to search for services. For this purpose, we have implemented a mobile SLP user agent and integrated it with an existing SIP user agent. The resulting mobile SIP user agent is able to dynamically utilize multimedia devices around it without requiring the user to do any manual configuration. This thesis also addressed the challenge of building trust relationship between the user agent and the multimedia services. We propose a mechanism which enables the user agent authenticate service advertisements before starting to redirect media streams. The measurements we have performed indicate that the proposed context aggregation framework provides more accurate location determination when additional sensors are incorporated. Furthermore, the performance measurements indicate that the delay incurred by introducing context awareness to the SIP user agent is acceptable for a small deployment such as home and office environment. In order to realize large scale deployments, future investigations are recommended to further improve the performance of the framework. / Att vara medveten om kontexten är en viktig synpunkt av präglande och allestädes närvarande uppskattning av omgivningen. Genom att utnyttja den kontextuella informationen som samlats in från omgivningen, kan applikationen anpassas till användarens specifika situation. I denna avhandling använder man användarens sammanhang för att automatiskt upptäcka multimedia utrustning och tjänster som kan användas av en mobil Session Initiation Protokoll (SIP) användaragent. Placeringen av användaren mäter man med hjälp av olika sensorer för att låta användare av vår SIP användaragent att interagera med nätverk tillkopplat projektorer, högtalare och kameror i hem eller kontorsmiljöer. För att avgöra var användaren befinner har vi utvecklat och utvärderat en sammanhangsstruktur som samlar in och analyserar innehållsbaserad information från olika källor; passiva infraröda sensorer, infraröd beacons, ljusstyrkan och temperaturgivare. Efter bestämmaning användarens placering den så kallade Service Location Protocol (SLP) användas för att söka efter tjänster. För detta ändamål har vi genomfört en mobil SLP användaragent och integrerat denna med ett befintligt SIP användaragent. Den resulterande i mobil SIP användaragent som dynamiskt kan utnyttja multimedia utrustning runt omkring utan att kräva att användaren skall kunna göra någon manuell konfiguration. Avhandlingen tar även upp den utmaningen som krävs för att bygga förtroende mellan användaragenten och multimedia tjänster. Vi föreslår en mekanism som gör det möjligt för användaragenten att verifiera tjänstannonsering innan man börjar dirigera medieströmmar. Dessutom så indikerar mätningarna av prestanda att fördröjningen som man utsätter den för genom att introducera ”medvetenhet om sammanhanget” till SIP användaragenten är acceptabel på hemma eller i en företagsmiljö. För att stora spridningar skall bli verklighet så rekommenderas det att göra mer forskning för att förbättra prestanda.

This essay researches the link between populism and political trust by comparing the development of these two phenomena in Sweden and Italy. Populism is defined as a political strategy in which one appeals to the people and uses anti-establishment rhetoric. The purpose of the study is to analyze if voters that are less politically trustful are also more prone to vote for anti-establishment populist candidates. By using a temporal comparative analysis with a historical perspective in mind, the development and linkage of political trust and populism is analyzed in the cases’ most recent four elections.  The Swedish case is distinguished by relatively high levels of political trust but have in the latest decade seen an ever-growing proportion of their electorate turning to the right-wing populist Sweden Democrats. Italy, comparatively, is currently distinguished for low levels of political trust and has seen populist politicians thrive in the electorate ever since the 1990s ‘Mani Pulite’ scandal, and over a majority voted for the two populist parties Lega Nord and Five Star movement. The main research findings suggest that political trust, while not being a crucial determinant for contemporary populist successes, certainly helps populist parties gain attention and attraction. It also shows indications that the relation between populism and political trust can go in two directions. Sweden resembles a case where increased support for the SD have led to decreased political trust. In contrast, Italy’s political scandals, volatile voters and drastic decreases in political trust seems to have sparked increased support for populists.

Detta är en diskursanalys genomförd utifrån en socialkonstruktionistisk ståndpunkt. Studien syftar till att granska etableringsmöjligheter i relation till svenskhet med fokus på det svenska språket. Metod för insamlad empiri har genomförts via sex semistrukturerade intervjuer med kvinnor vilka levt i Sverige mellan 3–10 år. Fokus har legat vid tolkning av tillkomna svenska kvinnors subjektiva berättelser. Denna studie har därför menat inkludera de individer det talas om i den politiska debatten genom att istället samtala med tillkomna svenska kvinnor. Detta av anledning att den svenska integrationspolitiken grundas i en diskurs som ofta berör "vi" och "dem". I detta “vi och dem”-tänk konstrueras vita svenskfödda som motpol till "de Andra", vilka ofta benämns som “invandrare”. Det svenska språket, etablering och svenskhet har därför visat sig intimt förknippade. Svenskheten består av normer om språk, etablering och kropp som efter att hon flertal ett levda år i Sverige upplevs som en begränsning för hennes möjlighet till integrering. Det har visat sig svårt att passera inom ramen för svenskhet om den tillkomna svenska kvinnan lever i en icke-vit kropp, med svenska med brytning och om hon inte anpassar sig till en tillskriven position som gäst i Sverige. / This is a discourse analysis conducted on the basis of a social constructionist perspective. The study aims to examine establishment opportunities in relation to constructions of Swedishness with a focus on the Swedish language. The method for collected empirical data has been conducted through six semi-structured interviews with women who have lived in Sweden between 3-10 years. The focus has been on the interpretation of the subjective stories from women who have moved to Sweden. In this study, we have aimed to include the individuals who are being talked about in the political debate, by instead talking to women who have moved to Sweden. We have chosen this angle because Swedish integration policy often follows a discourse that shapes an "us" and "them" distinction on newcomers. In this "us and them" thinking, white Swedish born citizens are constructed as opposites to "the Others" which are often referred to as "immigrants". Throughout our study, the Swedish language, establishment and Swedishness have proved to be intimately associated. Swedishness consists of several norms about language, establishment and body appearance which after several years in Sweden can be perceived as a restriction on her opportunities for integration. It has proved difficult to pass within the framework of Swedishness if the woman who has moved to Sweden lives in a non-white body, with a "broken" Swedish and if she does not adapt to the attributed position as a guest in Sweden.