The theme of my diploma thesis is: "Natural Science walks and excursions - the current state and their implementation at the second stage of elementary school." It has two basic parts. The first part defines the different approaches of different authors to the main topic, ie. the conception of walks and excursions and it is associated with major subtopics. The second part involves self-evaluation of realized draft of Natural Science walks. It is based on an analysis of surveys that were used for collecting of data. I drew from the study of specialized literature, Natural Science textbooks for second stage of elementary school, and selected substrates from Elementary school Horažďovice.

This dissertation describes various possibilities of utilization of Ohrada ZOO excursions in the primary school lessons of the Homeland study and Biology and reports a metodical instruction for their organization including potential aplication of acquired knowledges in intredisciplinary links. Excursion projects are designed according to obligatory standards of sheduled RVP documents and ivolve four ZOO excursions for primary school students (2., 3.and 4.year).

This dissertation is oriented on how to use interests of my region in our schools. It contents elaboration of naturally orientated topics for teaching at the first grade. This work should be mainly used for pupil 4 and 5 class. Its part are two excursions, two walks and two lessons. For the planned activities are prepared worksheets with exercises.

Univerzita Karlova Pedagogická fakulta Katedra občanské výchovy a filosofie DIPLOMOVÁ PRÁCE Historie a význam vybraných kulturních památek Odoleny Vody a okolí ve vlastivědných vycházkách History and value of chosen cultural sights in Odolena Voda and its surroundings in relation to historical walks Autor práce: Jitka Skýpalová, DiS. Vedoucí práce: Ing. Michaela Dvořáková, Ph.D. Studijní program: Učitelství pro základní školy Studijní obor: I.ST (7503T047) 2017 2 ABSTRACT The goal of this thesis History and value of chosen cultural sights in Odolena Voda and its surroundings in relation to historical walks is to create theoretical and practical foundation for teaching History for the students of the 5th grade, that aligns theoretical and practical education within regional history, represented by cultural monuments. The thesis is dispensed into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is firstly concerning the implementation of the topic into Czech national educational curriculum secondly demographic and mainly historical characteristic of the region. The historical part is focusing on Odolena Voda town and Panenske Brezany village. My greatest attention is dedicated to cultural monuments, which are going to be presented to students. This part is followed by practical section consisting of the...

TITLE: The Bečovská Botanical Garden as a Space for Education of Nursery Schools Children and Pupils of Elementary Schools ABSTRACT: The thesis titled The Bečovská Botanical Garden as a Space for Education of Nursery Schools Children and Pupils of Elementary Schools focuses on the use of this place for various forms of teaching and learning. I focused on the opportunity for tours and educational programs for natural history and botany in elementary school and kindergarten in the natural environment of the beautiful West Bohemian town in the restored botanical garden. In this work was carried out a short questionnaire survey amongst teachers who have visited Bečov's botanical garden with their students. Based on the processing of the questionnaire survey, I found out what would be appropriate to add to the educational tutorials and I created a worksheet and suggested activities that could be incorporated into various educational programs. I found out what options to various naturalistic activities the Bečov's botanical garden provides, where the teachers and students who have visited it are from, whether the teachers are satisfied with its teaching programs and whether the visit helped to create or consolidate respect for nature (for plants, animals, forests, lakes, meadow) and understanding the study that...

This diploma thesis is dealing with the theme of use of the Botanic Garden in Teplice to teach Science - especially Botany at Elementary School, 2nd grade. The thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part I'm dealing with mapping of botanic gardens in the Czech republic - mainly focusing on the Botanic Garden in Teplice. In the second part I'm applying my mind to the classification of Botany into the Framework Education Programme and subsequently its covering into the School Education Programme - at the Elementary School Litvinov - Hamr, to be more accurate. One section of the second part contains theoretic information about how to create worksheets and explanation of the teaching method - excursion. I also mention the theory of growing plants in the school parcel. The third part includes my own worksheets. The worksheets were created during the excursion and after it (together with the outcomes). After discussions with different teachers the worksheets with concrete education theme of Botany have been created. Finally there are eight worksheets together with the outcomes. These worksheets were being completed during the excursion and after it since a questionnaire for pupils was made. KEYWORDS botanical garden, general educational program, school educational program, worksheets, excursions

The work dedicates the region of Podblanicko as an outdoor acivity of didactic territory. The description of five concrete excursions follows with a universal characterization of the region. The didactic part is worked by the author theoreticaly of the view of the General Educational Programme and extra concrete School Educational Programme. In the work, there is dedicated a special consideration to the concrete special didactics of individual excursions including author's writing of the working folio for the geological excursion. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Dans les processus de fabrication de semi-conducteurs, différents types des contrôles existent pour maîtriser les procédés et garantir la qualité du produit final. Ces travaux de thèse s’intéressent aux contrôles de défectivité qui visent à maîtriser le risque sur les équipements de production. L'indicateur utilisé est le nombre de produits traités par un équipement depuis la date du dernier produit contrôlé. On s’intéresse à la maîtrise et la réduction du risque sur les équipements de production. Pour cela, différentes stratégies de sélection des lots existent et peuvent être classifiées selon leur capacité à intégrer la dynamique d'une unité de fabrication. Dans les stratégies de sélection dynamique, les lots sont contrôlés en temps réel et en optimisant un critère. Ces stratégies sont récentes et sont beaucoup plus efficaces que les stratégies précédentes, mais aussi plus complexe à mettre en œuvre. Dans ce cadre, nous avons proposé et validé industriellement différents algorithmes pour identifier les lots à relâcher (à ne pas contrôler) dans les files d'attente des lots en défectivité. Nous avons aussi développé et implémenté un modèle d'optimisation de la capacité pour l’atelier de défectivité, qui permet d’évaluer l’impact de paramètres critiques (e.g. plan de production, positions des opérations de contrôles dans la gamme de fabrication, valeurs des limites de risques) dans la gestion du risque global de l'unité de fabrication. / In semiconductor manufacturing, several types of controls are required to ensure the quality of final products. In this thesis, we focus on defectivity inspections, which aim at monitoring the process for defect reduction and yield improvement. We are interested in managing and reducing the risk on process tools (i.e. number of wafers at risk) during fabrication. To reduce this risk, inspection operations are performed on products. However, because inspection operations directly impact the cycle times of products, sampling strategies are used to reduce the number of inspected lots while satisfying quality objectives. Several sampling techniques exist and can be classified according to their capability to deal with factory dynamics. Dynamic sampling strategies have recently been proposed, in which lots to inspect are selected in real time while considering the current production risk. These strategies are much more efficient than previous strategies but more complex to design and implement. In this thesis, a novel approach to select the lots to inspect is proposed. Multiple algorithms have been proposed and validated to efficiently manage the defect inspection queues by skipping (i.e. releasing) lots that do no longer bring enough information. In order to support strategic and tactical decisions, an optimization model for defect inspection capacity planning is also proposed. This model calculates the required defect inspection capacity to ensure the risk limits on process tools when the production conditions change. Industrial results show significant improvements in terms of risk reduction without increasing defect inspection capacity.

Allt fler bor i urbana områden och vistas mindre ute i naturen. Samtidigt pågårklimatförändringar som bland annat påskyndas av att torrlagda våtmarker släpper utkoldioxid. Den här undersökningen utforskar hur miljöpedagoger arbetar med exkursionervid våtmarker för att stärka barns natursamhörighet, uppmärksamma våtmarkers värden, samthur exkursioner kan bidra i arbetet för Agenda 2030 och Sveriges miljömål gällandevåtmarker. Semistrukturerade intervjuer med miljöpedagoger samt observation av enexkursion vid en våtmark utfördes i undersökningen. Resultatet visar att exkursioner vidvåtmarker kan vara avgörande för barns natursamhörighet, barns förståelse för våtmarkersvärde, samt utvecklande av empatiska beteenden gentemot naturen. Under en exkursion vidvåtmarker får barn vara med och utför åtgärder för att skydda och bevara våtmarker, vilket ären viktig del för att uppnå Agenda 2030 och Sveriges miljömål. Trots att mänskligaaktiviteter vid våtmarker kan vara negativt för den biologiska mångfalden, är exkursionernödvändigt för det framtida arbetet för våtmarkers välstånd. Framtida forskning bör fokuserapå långsiktiga effekter på barn som kontinuerligt får komma ut på exkursioner inaturområden. / The number of people living in urban areas has increased significantly, and they spend lesstime in nature. At the same time climate change is taking place, which is being accelerated,among other things, by drained wetlands that emit carbon dioxide. This study explores howenvironmental educators work with excursions at wetlands to strengthen children's natureconnectedness, pay attention to the values of wetlands, and how excursions can contribute toreaching the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Sweden's environmental goalsregarding wetlands. Semi-structured interviews with environmental educators and anobservation of an excursion to a wetland, were conducted in the study. The results show thatexcursions at wetlands can be crucial for children's nature connectedness, children'sunderstanding of the value of wetlands, and the development of empathic behaviors towardsnature. Through excursions at wetlands, children are involved with the wetlands andmeasures are taken to protect and preserve wetlands, which is an important part of achievingthe 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Sweden's environmental goals. Althoughhuman activities in wetlands can be detrimental to biodiversity, excursions are necessary forfuture work on wetland prosperity. Future research should focus on long-term effects onchildren who are continuously on excursions in nature.

Elever i biologi 1 ska ges möjlighet att delta på fältstudier. Exkursioner, som är en typ av fältstudier, är viktiga för elevers lärande och intresse. Bland annat leder exkursioner till ökad förståelse för världen vi lever i, lärande på högre kognitiva nivåer, ökat abstrakt tänkande och är dessutom motivationshöjande. För att få reda på hur och i vilken utsträckning verksamma lärare använder sig av exkursioner skickades en enkätundersökning ut till gymnasielärare i biologi. Enkäten riktades mot lärare som genomför och inte genomför exkursioner. Lärarna fick även delta i ett arttest i syfte att undersöka om en korrelation mellan artkunskap och antal exkursioner som genomförs fanns. Fritextsvar analyserades genom kodning i olika svarskategorier. För att undersöka om det fanns ett samband mellan artkunskaper och antalet exkursioner gjordes en signifikansbedömning. Resultatet av undersökningen visar att majoriteten av svarande biologilärare genomför exkursioner i stor utsträckning. Antalet exkursioner en biologilärare gör i biologi 1 varierar mellan en och fler än fem exkursioner under ett läsår. Lärare upplever att eleverna lär sig mer ute i naturen på exkursion än om samma ämnesområde skulle läras ut i klassrummet. Generellt verkar exkursioner öka elevernas intresse och motivation. Något samband mellan antalet exkursioner och lärares artkunskap kunde inte identifieras. Ett svagt samband mellan lärares artkunskap och åsikten att lärares artkunskap är viktig när exkursioner genomförs kunde dock ses. / Students in biology 1 in Sweden should be given the opportunity to participate in field studies. Excursions, a type of field study, are important for students’ learning and interest. For example, excursions lead to increased understanding for the world we live in, learning on higher cognitive levels, improved abstract thinking and is also a known factor for increased motivation among students. A questionnaire was sent out to high school biology teachers to understand how and in what ways excursions are used. The questionnaire was handed to teachers who carries out excursions as well as teachers who do not. The teachers also participated in a species test in the purpose of possibly identifying a correlation between species knowledge and number of excursions. Text answers were then analyzed by categorization. A test was performed to determine if the correlation was statistically significant. The study shows that a majority of asked teacher do carry out excursions to a high extent. The number of excursions usually performed varies between one and more than five a year. The participating teachers agree that excursions seem to lead to better learning than regular classroom lessons on the same topic. In general, excursions appear to improve interest and motivation among students. No correlation between species knowledge and the number of made excursions was discovered. However, a weak correlation between species knowledge and the opinion that a teachers species knowledge is important for excursions was found.