A presente pesquisa reflete sobre o exílio de letrados portugueses coetâneos durante o espaço temporal que a historiografia convencionou chamar de União das Coroas Ibéricas (1580-1640). Para isso, analisam-se as obras de D. João de Castro (Lisboa, Portugal 1550? - Paris, França 1628?), intitulada Aurora (1604-1605), e de Thomé Pinheiro da Veiga (Coimbra, Portugal 1571? - ?, 1656?), chamada Fastigimia (1604-1605), no intuito de apreender o impacto das experiências vividas por cada um deles nas cidades de Paris, na França, e Valadolide, na Espanha, respectivamente. O estudo se pauta no cotejamento das fontes com as tópicas criadas, na Antiguidade, pelo poeta Ovídio (Sulmo/Sulmona, na atual Itália 43 a.C. - Tomis/Constança, na atual Romênia, 17 ou 18 d.C.). Estabelecendo continuidade com a tradição humanista lusitana, mostra-se como D. João de Castro se valeu da funcionalização da memória por meio de figuras míticas ou históricas, da caracterização disfórica da vida no estrangeiro, e, por fim, da constante oscilação entre esperança e desalento. Thomé Pinheiro da Veiga, por sua vez, manejou, em termos literários, a consciência do tempo e do espaço. Diante deste quadro, conclui-se que o exílio de Castro constituiu uma penitência escatológica de caráter individual e coletivo, enquanto o experienciado por Veiga se pautou por sistemáticas comparações entre dois reinos da Península Ibérica. / This current study thinks over the portuguese scholars exiled during the time period called by historiography as the Union of Iberian Crowns (1580-1640). For this purpose we will examine two literary works: D. João de Castro\'s (Lisbon, Portugal 1550? - Paris, France 1628?) Aurora (1604-1605), and Thomé Pinheiro da Veiga\'s (Coimbra, Portugal 1570 - ? 1656) Fastigimia (1608-1609?), to learn about their experiences, lived by each one, in Paris, France, and Valladolid, Spain, respectively. The study is ruled in contrasting this texts against the themes set up in Classical Antiquity, by roman poet Ovid (Sulmo/Sulmona, nowdays Italy 43 BC - Tomis/Constanta, nowdays Romania, 17/18 AD). Stating continuity with portuguese renaissance humanism tradition, D. João de Castro seems like to resort the Ovidian topics about implementing the memory through mithologycal or historical characters, through marking a twisted foreign life, and, a steady oscillation between hope and discincentive. Thomé Pinheiro da Veiga, by himself, handled, in litteraly terms, a strict awareness about time and space. Keeping this in mind, we can conclude that Castro\'s exile build an eschatological penance with individual and collective nature, while Veiga\'s stands by a methodical comparison amog the two kingdons of Iberian Peninsula.

[pt] Esta dissertação tem como objetivo relacionar a poética de Camilo Pessanha a um questionamento sobre a própria poesia, buscando analisar a relação entre a vivência do tempo e a atividade de criação poética que se delineiam em sua obra, relação que pode ser estabelecida a partir do próprio título de seu único livro de poemas: Clepsydra. O objeto clepsidra, ligado à contagem do tempo atribuído aos oradores na Grécia antiga, aponta, portanto, para um cruzamento entre o tempo e o discurso, o que nos permite enveredar por uma reflexão sobre o exercício da palavra. / [en] The objective of this work is to relate the poetry of Camilo Pessanha to a questioning about the art of poetry itself, analyzing the relationship between the feeling of time and the activity of poetic creation which may be perceived in his work, a relationship which can be established through the title of his only book of poems: Clepsydra. The clepsydra, an object connected to the counting of time attributed to the orators in ancient Greece, points, therefore, to a fusion between time and discourse, allowing us to engage in a reflection on the act of writing.

Au cours du XXème siècle, l'étude de la politique répressive en URSS a été menée sans utilisation des sources statistiques et des données des organismes internationaux. Ces documents étaient tenus strictement secrets et donc inaccessibles. Avec la chute du mur de Berlin en 1989 et l'effondrement de l'URSS en 1991, le monde se trouve complètement modifié. Ce processus engendre la division de certains états en Europe, la création de nouvelles zones de conflit et aussi la proclamation de l'indépendance de certains pays comme l'Azerbaïdjan en octobre 1991. Ces modifications politiques provoquent des mouvements de population. Essentiellement liée à la sécurité, surtout en raison du conflit arrnéno azerbaïdjanais qui a influencé l'économie, les hommes émigrent et s'installent dans les pays de la CEl, particulièrement en Russie et en Ukraine, mais aussi en Allemagne, en Israël, et ailleurs. Aujourd'hui, les raisons de l'émigration du peuple azerbaïdjanais sont différentes. Notre problématique propose d'étudier, de façon historique et sociologique, l'ensemble des courants migratoires azerbaïdjanais vers la France à l'époque contemporaine, c'est-à-dire de la fin du XIXème siècle. au début du XXIème siècle. Cette question est éclairée par l'étude de mouvements migratoires des pays voisins. L'exemple azerbaïdjanais regroupe différents types d'immigration, c'est pourquoi il nous a paru pertinent et judicieux de l'analyser pour comprendre les enjeux actuels des mouvements de population. De plus, l'étude des flux migratoires azerbaïdjanais est intéressant de par ses caractéristiques culturelles, politiques et surtout économiques et permet d'accéder à une meilleure intelligibilité de nos sociétés. / During the twentieth century, the study of political repression in the USSR was conducted without the use of statistical sources and data from international organizations. These documents were kept strictly secret, and therefore inaccessible. With the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the collapse of the USSR in 1991, the world is in fact completely altered. This process leads to the division of many countries in Europe, which provokes the arousing of new areas of conflict, and also the proclamation of the in dependence of few countries such as Azerbaijan in October 1991. These political changes caused movements of population. Primarily related to security, mainly due to the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict, which changed the economy in a significant way, population migrate and settle in the CIS countries, more especially in Russia and in Ukraine, or also in Germany, in Israel and elsewhere. Nowadays, the reasons for the emigration of the Azerbaijani people are different. Our research scrutinizes, sociologically and historically, all Azerbaijani migration flows to France at the contemporary times, thal is to say the late nineteenth century to the early twenty-frrst century. This study is enhanced by analyses of migration of neighbouring countries. The example of Azerbaijan gathers different types of immigration that is the reason why we thought it would be relevant and meaningful to analyze the current issues of population movements. In addition, the study of migration of Azerbaijani is thrilling and stimulating because of ils cultural, political and especially economical, facets for a better understanding of our societies

Este trabalho realiza uma leitura crítica da obra Corpo de baile de João Guimarães Rosa, composta por sete novelas independentes, com foco na sua unidade. O sertão de Corpo de baile constitui-se como um universo comum em suas dimensões geográfica, econômica, social, temporal, cultural e existencial. As personagens vivem sua condição transitória de vaqueiros e trabalhadores no sertão do gado e buscam um novo lugar social e geográfico onde possam encontrar sentido para suas vidas. O sertão também se transforma ao mesmo tempo que se constitui como ambiente quase anímico, encantado, que oferece contato com a natureza, revela o progresso à espreita como possibilidade ambígua de melhoria e ao mesmo tempo aniquilação de suas condições de existência. A morte da personagem Dito de Campo geral é emblema desse sertão que se forma aos olhos do leitor, carregando as condições de sua dissolução. As outras personagens protagonistas repetem os movimentos que configuram esse estado de coisas: o sentimento de exílio e o cálculo social, a identificação com um duplo e a experiência de uma luta de morte e a fixação em desejos, lembranças ou imagens. / This work does a critical reading of Corpo de Baile, by João Guimarães Rosa, focused on the unit of the seven independent short stories of wich it is made up. The sertão(backlands) in Corpo de Baile is a common universe in its geographical, economical, social, temporal, cultural and existential dimensions. The characters live their transitory condition as cowboys and rural workers of the cattle-raising regions of the backlands and seek a new social and geographical place where a meaning for their lives can be found. The sertão also changes itself into something else as it constitutes itself as an almost animical environment, enchanted, that offers contact with nature, it reveals the progress on the lookout as an ambiguous possibility of improvement and annihilation of its conditions of existence. The death of the character Dito from Campo Geral is a symbol of this sertão that establishes itself before the readers eyes carrying the conditions of its own dissolution. The other protagonists repeat the moves that shape that state of affairs: the feeling of exile and the social calculus, the identification with a double, and the experience of a death fight, and the fixation on desires, recollections or images.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-10T11:07:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIEL ALDO SOARES.pdf: 991913 bytes, checksum: 3fe5e9fdbc8eb2990dabcaffc10e6db2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-09-26 / The purpose of this text is to present Edwigde Danticat's Children of the Sea translation as a critic movement. Thus, the theorical discussion of translation as discourse and translation as interdiscourse becomes relevant. The theorical discussion here started in the translation practices that demanded a discussion about it. To achieve this debate, it also discusses the role of violent politic actions which promoted an exile condition in countries where dictatorship models were in charge. This is the condition that not only Danticat s narrators were in, and it is what led me to investigate what makes this feeling of belonging ambiguous the exile is torn in two: in one side it leads the one to the feeling of non-belonging neither to oneself nor the other world. In Danticat s Children of the Sea, this double feeling is represented by its narrators: one, the young girl who remains in Haiti as the representation of feeling of exile even belonging to the mother land; meanwhile the other, a young man who leaves Haiti and becomes the representation of the feeling of exile but as the one who cannot belong entirely to the new land, and thus, is always lost in the sea, disoriented between its past and present. This study starts by presenting the main translation theories since the Romans up to the contemporary years and it extends to the comparative reception analysis of these translations from English into French, by Nicole Tisserand (1996) and from English into Spanish, by Marcelo Cohen (1999). Finally, this text opens space to discuss about the practice of translating, as I said above, the translation of Children of the Sea from English into Portuguese that I bring in the end of this study, allowed me to reflect about literature translation practices, which is a generator of tension between language and culture; this practice demands the translator to take decisions between to keep the author s linguistic choices or to avoid them. It allowed the reflection about the one who fights between cultures and tries to design and create a new and balanced space. / Este texto se propõe a apresentar a tradução, como crítica, do conto Children of the Sea , de Edwidge Danticat. Assim, torna-se indispensável discutir questões teóricas como a questão da tradução como discurso ou como interdiscurso . A discussão teórica da presente pesquisa foi levantada a partir da prática tradutória que, em contrapartida, uma vez suscitada a teoria, exigiu uma discussão sobre a prática tradutória. Para chegar a esse debate, faz-se necessário um estudo sobre a autora do conto que, tal como as personagens de sua história, vive uma situação de ambiguidade quanto ao sentimento de pertencer a dois mundos e não sentir ser totalmente de um ou de outro. Em Children of the Sea , esse sentimento bifurcado se realiza nas pessoas dos narradores: a jovem que permanece no Haiti, como a representação, no exilado, do sentimento de se pertencer à terra de origem; enquanto o outro, o jovem que deixa o Haiti, torna-se, no exilado, a representação do sentimento de não conseguir pertencer completamente à terra de chegada, ficando sempre perdido no mar, num caminho desorientador entre o passado (terra natal) e o presente (nova terra). Esse estudo inicia-se com a apresentação das principais teorias da tradução, desde os romanos até a contemporaneidade, e prossegue com a análise comparativa das traduções do conto do inglês para o francês, feita por Nicole Tisserand (1996) e do inglês para o espanhol, feita por Marcelo Cohen (1999). Numa última instância, as discussões sobre a prática de traduzir se realizam; a tradução do conto do inglês para a língua portuguesa apresentada nesse estudo permitiu fazer uma reflexão a respeito do exercício tradutório de literatura, gerador de uma tensão entre língua e cultura, ao exigir do tradutor que decida entre manter as escolhas linguísticas do autor ou desconsiderá-las, o que levou à reflexão sobre a condição daquele que luta entre culturas e procura definir um novo espaço para si, respeitando a língua do outro ao mesmo tempo em que procura a não-anulação da sua.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-03-24T11:46:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Geny Brillas Tomanik.pdf: 7773000 bytes, checksum: 980a9ec53e0e97421710947f82005ea5 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-24T11:46:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Geny Brillas Tomanik.pdf: 7773000 bytes, checksum: 980a9ec53e0e97421710947f82005ea5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-17 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo - PUCSP / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This thesis aims to analyze and discuss the life trajectory, including the recurring displacements, of Pedro Brillas (1919-2006), born in Barcelona, anarchist and former fighter that, when he was 17 years old, voluntarily enlisted the republican anti-Franco forces in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), where he was wounded. At the end, when the defeat was imminent – motivated by the advance and the attack of the Franco army, with the support or the Nazi Condor Legion –, the young man participated of the Spanish flow towards France denominated La Retirada. This massive Spanish exodus and the republican exile were consequences of the Spanish Civil War. When crossing the French border, in February 1939, he became a permanent exile, with only 19 years old. The guiding thread and the documentary body of the research is based on the private archive of Pedro Brillas, an historical agent, composed of several memoirs, journals (some of them from the war front), letters, official letters, personal documents (between wars) and pictures. This proposal is justified because it is a great and unprecedented archive that reveals common and extraordinary experiences, subjectivities, and narrates the displacements of Spanish exiles, as lived collectively. These e/immigrant‟s materials usually housed in chests and drawers, enables to retrieve and update the individual and collective memory, representing a great documental treasure of popular production, often invisible – and almost unavailable in archives records –, have gained value in the contemporary historiographic research. The memoirist witnessed, lived and recorded several historic facts and dramatic experiences, such as the Spanish Civil War, the Second World War (lived in France and Germany), the life at the French concentration camps, survived dangers, insecurities and uncertainty. Also, lived the quotidian of the war and the after-war period, in Germany, France and later in Brazil, to where he immigrated in 1951 with his family, supported by the International Refugee Organization (IRO), and was finally able to establish. The research is articulated with the historiographical studies about the Spanish Civil War and the international displacements of Spanish, particularly regarding the refugees and politic exiles, as well as the reception in these countries; and with studies on memory and identity / Esta tese objetiva analisar e discutir a trajetória de vida, incluindo os recorrentes deslocamentos, de Pedro Brillas (1919-2006), nascido em Barcelona, anarquista e ex-combatente que, aos 17 anos, alistou-se voluntariamente nas forças republicanas antifranquistas na Guerra Civil Espanhola (1936-1939), conflito em que foi ferido. No fim da iminente derrota – motivada pelo avanço e ataque das forças franquistas, com o apoio da Legião Condor nazista –, o jovem somou-se ao fluxo hispânico rumo à França denominado La Retirada. Esse êxodo massivo de espanhóis e o exílio republicano foram consequências da Guerra Civil Espanhola. Ao atravessar a fronteira francesa, em fevereiro de 1939, tornou-se exilado permanente, com apenas 19 anos de idade. O fio condutor e corpo documental da pesquisa fundamentam-se no acervo privado de Pedro Brillas, um sujeito histórico, composto de memórias, diários (inclusive da frente de batalha), cartas, correspondências oficiais, documentos pessoais (entre guerras) e fotografias. Tal proposta justifica-se por se tratar de um rico e inédito acervo que revela experiências cotidianas e extraordinárias, subjetividades, além dos deslocamentos dos exilados espanhóis, vivenciados coletivamente. Esses materiais de e/imigrantes, geralmente guardados em baús e gavetas, possibilitam recuperar e atualizar a memória individual e coletiva, representam um tesouro documental da produção de populares, muitas vezes invisível – pouco disponível em arquivos públicos –, e ganharam valor na pesquisa historiográfica contemporânea. O memorialista testemunhou, vivenciou e registrou fatos históricos e experiências dramáticas, como a Guerra Civil Espanhola, a Segunda Guerra Mundial (vivenciada na França e na Alemanha), a vida nos campos de concentração franceses, sobreviveu a perigos, inseguranças e incertezas. Além disso, vivenciou o cotidiano da guerra e do período pós-bélico, na Alemanha, na França e no Brasil, para onde emigrou em 1951 com a família, apoiado pela International Refugee Organization (IRO), e finalmente fixou raízes. A investigação articula-se com os estudos historiográficos sobre a Guerra Civil Espanhola e os deslocamentos internacionais de espanhóis, particularmente as questões que envolvem refugiados e exilados políticos, bem como o acolhimento nesses países; e ainda com os estudos sobre memória e identidade

Cette thèse de doctorat s'intéresse aux questions identitaires des sujets multiculturels cubains-américains, hantés par l'île mais habitants du continent nord-américain, ainsi qu'aux phénomènes de passation mémorielle inter-générationnelle exacerbés par l'expérience de l'exil post-castriste. Au cours de cette étude, sont présentées les relations complexes entre Cuba et les Etats-Unis, les grandes étapes de formation de la diaspora cubaine-américaine, en particulier les vagues successives de l'émigration post-castriste (1959) qui ont bouleversé la carte identitaire de la communauté translatée, mais en particulier l'identité d'une ville périphérique du sud de la Floride: Miami. Nous verrons pourquoi cette mégalopole états-unienne est souvent considérée aujourd'hui comme la capitale des Caraïbes, voire la capitale des Amériques. A travers l'étude des mémoires cubains-américains, seront discutées les questions de la nature de l'exil cubain post-castriste, en particulier sa temporalité, et la perception paradoxale de l'exil, à la fois associé par certains à un moment donné de leur vie d'adulte comme foyer et/ou fardeau. La thèse fait une part importante à l'enfance mutilée des membres de la génération dite 'une-et-demi', leur hybridité identitaire qui s'exprime par un nomadisme culturel et linguistique. Leurs témoignages décrivent également de nombreux phénomènes de pollinisations interculturelles, contrebalancés et/ou complétés par une répétition mémorielle obsessive des aïeux conteurs. Un dernier temps de cette étude sera consacré à l'écriture de soi qui est à la fois transcendance et rémanence de l'exil, du passé. Les mémoires cubains-américains illustrent aussi souvent le passage d'une tradition cubaine orale vers une tradition américaine de réalisation de soi par l'écriture. Ils s'inspirent de l'intime pour tendre vers l'universel, tout du moins ils tendent à s'inscrire dans le domaine de la littérature autobiographique latino-américaine, voire dans l'écriture de soi états-unienne. / This dissertation is centered on the questions of identity of the multicultural Cuban-American 'I's, haunted by the island but inhabiting the North-American continent, as well as on the phenomena of intergenerational transmission of memory, exacerbated by the traumatic experience of post-Castro exile. Along this study we discuss the complex relationship between Cuba and the United States of America, the important stages of the emergence of the Cuban-American disapora, particularly the successive post-castrist waves of emigration, which have completely altered the identity card of the displaced community but also redefined the identity and role of a peripheral southern city of Florida: Miami. How and why is this American megalopolis often considered today as the capital of the Caribbean, to some extent even of the Americas?Through a close reading of Cuban-American memoirs, we examine the post-castrist Cuban exile, more precisely its temporality, as well as its paradoxical perception by certain Cuban-Americans, at a certain point in their adult life as both a haven and a burden. The dissertation also considers the mutilated childhood of the 'one-and-a-halfers', their identity hybridity transpiring through their cultural and linguistic nomadism. Their personal testimonies depict multiple phenomena of crosscultural pollinization, counterbalanced and/or completed by an obsessive repetition of their cultural memory thanks to their story-telling grandparents. In the final part of this study we explore self-writing, which is both transcendance and resurgence of their exile and their past. Besides, Cuban-American memoirs often shed light on the passage from a Cuban oral tradition to an American tradition of self-fufilment through writing. They root their inspiration in intimacy to reach the universal, they participate in inscribing their presence their presence both within the realms of Latin-American literature and U.S. self-writing.

Mon projet porte sur le concept de marginalité dans trois romans, Al-Riwayah (Le Roman) de Nawal El Saadawi, Les Intranquilles d’Azza Filali et Jeux de rubans d’Emna Belhaj Yahia. L’étude la marginalité « femme », plus que toute autre marginalité, nous renseigne sur les orientations d’une société, sur ses aspirations et nous informe des dynamiques qui la travaillent. Dans ce sens, le marginal « sert de miroir à la société » (Barel). Il s’agit de voir ce que la marginalité femme fait des normes sociales qui l’infériorisent, qui font d’elle une marginalité, c’est-à-dire un objet visible mais tenu à l’écart. La marginalité « femme » chez Nawal El Saadawi, Azza Filali et Emna Belhaj Yahia parvient-elle à rejeter d’emblée les normes qui sont à l’origine de sa mise à l’écart ? Est-il possible d’envisager un processus d’autonomisation à partir des normes existantes ? Mon hypothèse est qu’il ne suffit pas de se réapproprier les normes sociales de sorte à s’affirmer à l’intérieur des traditions établies. Dans les trois romans étudiés, les traditions qui cautionnent certaines normes et pratiques sociales finissent par être rejetées. Il ne suffit pas d’« élargir » les normes sociales et de multiplier les analyses et interprétations des textes qui cautionnent certaines idées qui sont à l’origine de la mise à l’écart des « femmes » et autres groupes sociaux et minorités. L’individu doit être en mesure d’envisager une existence qui lui est propre sans avoir à se référer aux traditions héritées. Dans les trois romans étudiés, la marginalité « femme », pour envisager une existence libérée des contraintes du groupe, doit défaire la norme, c’est-à-dire redéfinir ce qui est de l’ordre des priorités pour elle et remettre en cause les idées reçues. Je pars du présupposé butlérien selon lequel la norme est à la fois une nécessité et une contrainte. La norme sert à définir les rapports entre individus et à organiser les activités. C’est ce qui organise aussi la vie en commun. Il n’y a pas d’existence à l’extérieur de la norme (Butler). Le marginal doit subvertir la norme, être dans la norme et à l’extérieur de celle-ci. Il s’adapte mais ne se conforme pas. S’il envisage de se constituer en tant que sujet grâce à la norme et à partir de la norme, l’individu doit avant tout admettre que la norme lui confisque sa liberté et son libre-arbitre. Il doit reconnaître que l’initiative individuelle est prohibée par les normes de groupe. Les frontières entre la marginalité et son opposé, la normalité, sont mouvantes. C’est dans cette perspective que des changements sociaux peuvent être envisagés. Des interactions entre la marginalité et la société « normale » ont lieu. La marginalité qui était socialement visible et spatialement localisable devient diffuse. Les divisions entre le centre, lieu de concentration des activités et lieu central dans l’espace, et la périphérie, lieu d’exclusion, et entre normalité et marginalité sont remises en cause. L’individu de la marge et celui de la société « normale » ont en réalité les mêmes préoccupations. / My project explores the concept of marginalization in three novels: Al-Riwâyah (Nawal El Saadawi), Les Intranquilles (Azza Filali) and Jeux de rubans (Emna Belhaj Yahia). The study of these novels shows that the marginalization of women (more so than the study of any other marginalized group) reveals society’s aspirations, the direction society is headed in and the dynamics that drives it. In essence, this marginalized group mirrors society (Barel). I concentrate on the way in which women are marginalized by societal norms, the very norms that ensure women are lesser beings and how they are viewed by society. Can the marginalized women in El Saadawi, Filali and Yahia’s novels succeed in rejecting the norms that place them on the outskirts of society? Do the existing norms allow for a process of empowerment? My contention is that taking ownership of societal norms is not enough. In each of the three novels in question, traditions that uphold certain norms and social practices are rejected by the women characters. It takes more than an “extension” (Butler) of social norms and analyses of notions that contribute to the exclusion of women and other minorities to create transformation. The individual must be capable of imagining his/her own place in society without having to remain bounded by inherited traditions. In these three novels, the marginalized women redefine their priorities and question convention, thus tearing down norms in order to visualize a role free from the constraints of the majority. I argue that norms are shown in these novels to be both necessary and restrictive (Butler). Societal norms define relationships and common activities. They add structure to the community. The marginalized individuals and groups must topple the norms all the while existing both inside and outside those norms. They adapt but do not conform. If the marginalized wishes to challenge and change existing norms, s/he must first admit that norms prevent him or her from enjoying freedom and free will. S/He must recognize that individual initiative is outlawed by societal norms. The boundaries between the margins and mainstream society can shift. Unexpected interactions between marginalized individuals and groups and what is known as the mainstream can occur. Minority groups and the majority can share the same concerns. If social changes have to take place, it will be due to the involvement of all of the social groups.

A Argentina das décadas de 1960 e 1970 foi palco de intensa movimentação social e política, em meio a uma profunda crise estrutural e que já impulsionava cidadãos a emigrar. Frente à crescente insatisfação popular e os movimentos contestatórios, os militares desencadearam uma política repressiva inspirada nas Doutrinas de Segurança Nacional. O golpe de 1976 implantou o Terror de Estado plasmando um clima de medo e insegurança onde o conjunto da população tornava-se potencialmente “subversiva”. O caráter totalizante da repressão disparou uma corrente migratória específica, o exílio político. Contudo, desde 1980, aos efeitos da perseguição política se justapuseram as consequências econômicas e sociais da implantação do modelo econômico neoliberal da ditadura, aumentando o fluxo migratório. Assim, este trabalho focaliza a presença dos argentinos e a conformação de uma comunidade argentina no Rio Grande do Sul, de 1966 a 1989. Tal fenômeno migratório é abordado desde uma perspectiva histórica, contudo sua complexidade e caráter plural exigiu também um olhar multidisciplinar. Para mapear a dinâmica e a abragência destes fluxos de migração, a pesquisa abarcou o coletivo da comunidade argentina, mas procurou evidenciar e enfatizar, dentro desta, a existência de grupos e indivíduos com características diferenciadas e específicas. A partir da análise das fontes documentais foi reconstruída historicamente a presença e as atividades desses argentinos, assim como a complexa relação entre si e com a sociedade de acolhida. No trabalho destaca-se ainda a polifonia das fontes orais e sua riqueza narrativa, em que a rememoração das vivências, experiências e percepções dos atores sociais permitem tanto delinear e/ou diferenciar as identidades subjetivas dos atores, quanto à (re)construção da memória social e histórica desse coletivo étnico-nacional no sul do Brasil. / The Argentina of the 1960s and 1970s was a scenario of intense social and political movement, in the midst of a deep structural crisis and that it drove citizens to emigrate. Because of the growing popular discontent and anti-establishment movements, the military launched a repressive policy inspired by the Doctrine of National Security. The coup of 1976 established the state terror forging a climate of fear and insecurity where the whole population became potentially "subversive." The character of totalitarian repression triggered a specific migratory flux: the political exile. However, since 1980, the effects of political persecution are juxtaposed with economic and social consequences of the implementation of dictatorship´s neoliberal economic model, also increasing the flow of migration. Thus, this paper focuses on the presence of the Argentine and the formation of an Argentine community in Rio Grande do Sul, from 1966 to 1989. This migration phenomenon is approached from a historical perspective, yet its complexity and plural character also required a multidisciplinary look. To map the dynamics and the spread of these migration flows, the research encompassed the collective community of Argentina, but sought to highlight and emphasize, within this, the existence of groups and individuals with different and specific characteristics. From the analysis of documentary sources we historically reconstructed the presence and activities of these Argentines as well as the complex relationship between themselves and the host society. At work still stands out the polyphony of oral sources and their wealth narrative, in which the recollection of experiences, and perceptions of social actors allow both design and/or differentiate the subjective identities of the actors, as well as to the (re)construction of social and historical memory of this ethno-national collective of southern Brazil.

Esta tese consiste no estudo da representação de personagens escritores da obra narrativa de Max Aub (Paris, 1903 Cidade do México, 1972). O corpus está constituído por Campo cerrado (1943), Campo abierto (1951), Campo de sangre (1945), Campo del moro (1963), Campo francés (1965), Campo de los almendros (1968) e Vida y obra de Luis Álvarez Petreña (1971). Propõe-se que os romances citados colocam em movimento um processo de corrosão da imagem de autoridade dos personagens escritores. Tal processo contamina também a figura de Aub, que encena, nos Campos e em Vida y obra..., um debate sobre a diluição de seu poder de narrar. O lócus de enunciação do autor, que escreve a partir do exílio, consciente da derrota dos republicanos na Guerra Civil Espanhola (1936-1939), incrusta-se na forma dos romances, fraturando a imagem de potência dos personagens escritores. / This thesis examines the representation of characters who are writers in Max Aubs narrative work (Paris, 1903 Mexico City, 1972). The corpus is composed of Campo cerrado (1943), Campo abierto (1951), Campo de sangre (1945), Campo del moro (1963), Campo francés (1965), Campo de los almendros (1968) and Vida y obra de Luis Álvarez Petreña (1971). The study proposes that the aforementioned novels put in motion a process of corrosion of these characters image of authority. This process also contaminates the figure of Aub, who performs in Campos and Vida y obra..., a debate about the dilution of his power to narrate. The lócus of the authors enunciation, who writes from exile, and is aware of the Republicans defeat in the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939), embeds in the form of those novels, and fractures the image of potency of the characters who are writers.