Cette thèse cherche à éclairer les représentations textuelles du « cauchemar », non pas considéré comme un mauvais rêve, mais comme un démon d'origine médiévale. Selon les sources, cet esprit envahit la nuit la chambre de ses victimes. Ensuite, il s'installe sur elles et oppresse leurs poitrines, en provoquant la paralysie, l'étouffement et même la mort des personnes endormies. Cet acte est un motif typique des traditions folkloriques européennes. Dans la tradition gréco-romaine, l' ephialtès et l' incubus semblent agir de la même manière. Notre étude se focalise sur les textes du Moyen Âge, où une abondance de textes divers (ecclésiastiques, littéraires et médicaux) témoigne d'une affinité entre les actions du cauchemar et celles d'un ensemble d'êtres fantastiques, comme les revenants, les elfes, les nains et les sorcières. A la lumière de ces premières constatations, cette étude examine les textes médiévaux en relation avec les traditions antiques, ainsi que les traditions qui apparaissent plus tardivement en Europe. La thèse contient trois parties: dans la première, elle met en évidence un démon -archétypique, qui révèle un substrat étymologique et descriptif commun dans les différents extraits étudiés. Sa relation avec le genius loci, dont le caractère est double, bienveillant et malveillant à la fois, a un intérêt particulier. Les sources dressent le portrait d'un cauchemar qui n'est pas seulement un être démoniaque. En effet, il s'agit également d'un être qui apporte des richesses dans la demeure et à ses habitants. Dans la deuxième partie, la relation du cauchemar avec certaines divinités nocturnes de nature dualiste est démontrée, ainsi que son lien avec les Douze Jours de Noël. Finalement, dans la troisième partie, la thèse étudie un lien général qui apparaît entre le cauchemar, la sorcellerie, le cheval, le carnaval et surtout le Double et les traditions extatiques - chamaniques européennes, afin de signaler en dernier lieu de quelle manière cette entité peut combiner des caractères multiples et différents. / The present Phd Thesis sets to shed light on the topic of the “nightmare”, considered not as a bad dream as it is commonly conceptualized, but instead as a demon of medieval origin. This spirit, said to intrude a room during the night hours, usually sits and exercises pressure on the chest of the alleged victim. This particular act, causing paralysis, drowning, and at times even death to the asleep, is a constant and common narrative motive in the folk stories of Europe. In the Greco-Roman tradition, the “ephialtes” and the “incubus” seem to function in a similar fashion. During the Middle Ages (the period which this study focuses on), an abundance of texts -ecclesiastical, literary, and even medical- suggests a close connection between the nightmare's actions and various super-natural beings, such as revenants, fairies, witches, elves, and dwarves. Drawing from this evidence, this study seeks to examine these texts' relation to the traditions of antiquity, along with the relevant traditions arising later across Europe. The Phd thesis is divided into three main sub-sections: the first part focuses on the relation between different variations of the appearance of an archetypal demon, as revealed by common etymological origins and similar actions. Furthermore, descriptions of the nightmare as a genius loci of two-fold nature, both benevolent and malevolent, are explored. Along with its depiction as a demonic being, the nightmare, is frequently presented as an entity offering treasures to the household and its inhabitants. The second part brings to the forefront nightmare's relation to certain nocturnal deities of dual nature, as well as to the holy season of the Twelve Days of Christmas. During the third and last part of the thesis, I scrutinize the relationship between the nightmare and the horse, the carnival, the witchcraft, and particularly the doppelgänger and the ecstatic-shamanistic practices of Europe.

Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio est l’un des plus grands écrivains vivants de langue française. En tant que thème aussi conventionnel que révolutionnaire, le Regard est présent et persistant chez lui. Le regard implique non seulement deux facultés pour percevoir le monde intérieur et le monde extérieur : les sens et la conscience, mais encore une possibilité qui pourrait dépasser les facultés humaines pour connaître véritablement : comme une force divine, un don surnaturel. Il amène à « l’extase matérielle », à la communion totale avec l’absolu. Ainsi, le regard constitue l’horizon entre l’intérieur et l’extérieur, entre l’immanence et la transcendance, et détient la clé de l’écriture fondée sur la poétique de l’extase. En position médiane et de nature incertaine, il est une présence primordiale dans l’aventure de l’écrivain vers « l’autre côté » du monde. Nous envisageons notre étude surtout dans les rapports du regard avec l’écriture de l’extase matérielle. / Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clezio is one of the greatest living writers who write in French. Regard is a persistent theme in his work. Regard signifies not only the senses and consciousness, two faculties that could perceive the inner world and the outside world, but also a divine force or a supernatural gift to exceed the human faculties for the real knowledge. It leads to material ecstasy and total communion with the absolute. Regard is considered as the horizon between the inside and the outside, between immanence and transcendence. It holds the key to writing based on poetic ecstasy. Because of its middle position and uncertain nature, Regard is an essential presence in the writer’s journey to the “other side” of the world. We will study especially the relation of Regard and his writing of material ecstasy.

Orientador: Robin M. Wright / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciencias Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-31T15:25:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Capiberibe_ArtionkaManuelaGoes_M.pdf: 21721582 bytes, checksum: bbca6fd04002c4384c1c18a5b89a4329 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2001 / Resumo: Esta dissertação trata do processo de evangelização cristã vivido pelos Palikur, povo indígena falante de uma língua Arawak, localizado em ambos os lados da fronteira entre o Brasil e a Guiana Francesa. Os Palikur referidos neste trabalho vivem na região do Uaçá, às margens do rio Urukauá, norte do Estado do Amapá e extremo norte do Brasil. Este povo possui uma longa história de relações sociais, econômicas, políticas e religiosas com os não-índios, assim como desde sempre participou da rede de relações interétnicas estabelecidas na região mais ampla das Guianas. A teia de relações formada pela ação de sociedades diferentes é um lastro para o entendimento da evangelização pentecostal entre os palikur. Após séculos de convívio com a religião católica, os Palikur decidiram aderir em massa ao cristianismo evangélico, influenciados pela ação combinada de diferentes organizações evangélicas que agiram em momentos distintos. Dentre os aspectos que colaboraram na elaboração de uma religião evangélica específica, mesclam-se: um passado católico, um confronto com a identidade católica dos outros povos da região, a instituição do perdão, o contato tangível com Deus por meio do êxtase religioso, e a promessa de vida após a morte. Buscar deslindar de que modo a religião evangélica pentecostal encontrou ressonância entre os Palikur e como ao longo do processo de evangelização foram sendo formatados os preceitos da atual religião é a tarefa a que se propõe esta dissertação / Abstract: This thesis looks at the process of Christian evangelization experienced by the Palikur, an Arawak-speaking indigenous people located along both sides of the border between Brazil and French Guyana. The Palikur referred to in this work live in the Uaçá region, along the banks of the Urukauá River, in the extreme north ofthe state of Amapá, Brazil's northemmost state. The Palikur have a long history of social, economic, political and religious relations with non-indigenous people, and have always participated in a network of interethnic relations among the peoples of the Guyana region. The web of relationships forrned by the action of different societies is a guide to understandingPentecostal evangelization among the Palikur. After centuries of coexistence with Catholicism, the Palikur decided "en masse" to adhere to evangelical Christianity, influenced by the combined action of different evangelical organizations at different moments in time. The aspects that have worked together in the development of a distinct evangelical religion include: a Catholic past; confrontation with the Catholic identity of other peoples in the region; the institution of pardon, or forgiving; tangible contact with God through religious ecstasy; and the promise of life after death. Seeking to determine how Pentecostal evangelism has found resonance among Palikur beliefs, and how the long process of evangelization has come to shape the precepts of their religion, is the goal of this thesis / Mestrado / Mestre em Antropologia Social

Ce travail herméneutique interdisciplinaire où littérature et philosophie intimement s’entremêlent et dialoguent avec les sciences dites dures, s’est tout d’abord employé à définir la notion de mythe comme type de récit littéraire illustrant une prise de position quant à une question métaphysique et a révélé le récit ovidien de Pygmalion comme un mythe génésiaque au cœur duquel se trouve l’homme. Cheminant du XVIIIe au XXe siècle au fil de l’histoire des idées européennes, il s’est ensuite arrêté sur les différentes productions littéraires allemandes, françaises et italiennes réinvestissant le mythe à la lumière de la problématique dégagée du texte mère : celle de l’ampleur du pouvoir créateur de l’homme, afin d’en extraire les caractéristiques communes. Dans leur traitement de l’eros et de l’art, ces dernières posent un rapport à autrui et au monde orienté vers une dynamique de création se réalisant à travers un processus analogue, reposant sur les représentations ainsi que l’implication et les dispositions mentales et personnelles du sujet, l’extase, la volonté et la foi. Forts de leurs enseignements et de ce constat, il s’est à son tour emparé de cette question à travers l’élaboration d’un mythologisme anthroposophique convoquant des découvertes ayant eu lieu au XXIe siècle dans le domaine des neurosciences, de la physiologie, de la sémiostylistique, de l’éthique et de l’esthétique. Ce système de pensée, dans une quête de compréhension de ce processus créatif, a mené à la redéfinition d’un Homme alors compris comme essentiellement mû par un instinct représentationnel, un mouvement plasmateur, évoluant entre Créativité, Plaisir et Beauté, à travers l’exercice duquel il réalise sa Liberté. / This hermeneutic interdisciplinary work, where literature and philosophy are tightly intertwined and converse with the so-called hard sciences, first proceeds to define the notion of myth as a literary type of story that illustrates a stance on a metaphysical question. It reveals Ovid’s story of Pygmalion as a genesiac myth in which mankind is at the heart. Progressing from the XVIIIe to the XXe century along the history of European ideas, it then halts at the French, German and Italian literary works that revisit the myth, in light of the question drawn from the source text – that of the extent of Man’s creative power – in order to extract the common characteristics. In their study of Art and Eros, they present a relationship to the world and to the others that is directed toward a dynamic of creation that is realized through a similar process based on the representations along with the mental and personal implication and dispositions of the subject, ecstasy, will and faith. In turn, drawing on their lessons and this observation, this work eventually answers this question by elaborating an anthroposophical mythologism that call upon XXIe century discoveries in neurosciences, physiology, semiostylistic, esthetic and ethic. This system, in its quest of understanding this creative process, has led to the redefinition of a Man essentially led by a representational instinct, a creative gesture, moving from Creativity, to Pleasure and Beauty, by which he achieves his Freedom.

Cette thèse étudie le développement du concept de volonté dans l’œuvre de F.W.J.Schelling et la place que ce concept occupe dans son "système" philosophique. Elle aborde également la réception de cette question par Martin Heidegger. Dans cette recherche, nous poursuivons de manière systématique un double objectif. D’une part, nous nous attachons à montrer que le paradigme de la volonté occupe un rôle tout à fait central dans la philosophie de Schelling, dans la mesure où il s’inscrit, de manière décisive, contre la tradition kantienne et fichtéenne, tradition qu’il prolonge en la modifiant. Mais d’autre part, il s’agit également de mettre en évidence le fait que, tout comme Heidegger, Schelling donne aussi à voir l’ambivalence du paradigme de la volonté en valorisant les motifs qui à la fois le fondent et le relativisent – tels que l’amour, le ‘non-vouloir’ ou encore la "Gelassenheit". Alors que ce qui le rapproche systématiquement de Heidegger et de sa critique de la modernité fait ressortir l’actualité de Schelling, nous pouvons cependant aller au-delà de ce parallèle et prendre acte d’une "valeur ajoutée" de la réflexion schellingienne sur la volonté. / The dissertation examines the development of the concept of will in the work of F.W.J.Schelling and its systematic significance in his philosophical thinking. In addition, it treats the reception of Schelling’s thinking of will by Martin Heidegger. In this investigation, I pursue two objectives: on the one hand, I strive to show that the paradigm of will plays a central role in Schelling’s philosophy in that he further develops and differentiates it in a decisive way with respect to the tradition of Kant and Fichte. On the other hand, I emphasize that Schelling, much like Heidegger, reflects on the critical potential of the paradigm of will and asserts, as its corrective, motifs that found and relativize it – such as love, "unwillingness" and "Gelassenheit". Thus, while Schelling’s systematic proximity to Heidegger and his critique of modernity makes it possible to emphasize Schelling’s on going relevance, one can also recognize, beyond the similarities with Heidegger, the ‘added value’ of Schelling’s thinking of will.

Orientador: Etienne Ghislain Samain / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T18:44:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Machado_Murilod'Almeida_D.pdf: 6088465 bytes, checksum: 567dbfceb9179f2c81c8c3d791131b5e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Resumo: Este trabalho consiste em uma análise, do ponto de vista antropológico e semiológico, da comunicação ritual que ocorre nos estádios de futebol, tendo como foco a observação do processo de ação indutor das experiências rituais dos torcedores, em particular as experiências do êxtase. A análise incidiu sobre a observação de um material gravado da mídia eletrônica durante o Campeonato Paulista, Campeonato Brasileiro, Copa do Brasil e Copa ¿Libertadores da América¿, entre 2001 e 2004, do qual foram produzidas 135 fotografias, em que a gestualidade e a expressão facial dos torcedor: tornaram-se importantes referências / Doutorado / Doutor em Multimeios

Le point focal de notre thèse est consacré à la question de l'expérience mystique telle qu'elle peut se poser au coeur même de l'expérience philosophique. Nous avons démontré que la notion de tiers inclus empruntée à la physique quantique peut nous permettre, par analogie, d'explorer de façon féconde le surgissement d'un tiers mystique que nous avons siglé de trois manières différentes et complémentaires : le tiers inclus mystique potentialise (Tpm); le tiers inclus mystique actualisé (Tam) et le tiers inclus mystique tiercérisé (Ttm). Sur le plan méthodologique, nous avons adopté le cadre théorique de la phénoménologie husserlienne (l'épochè, la réduction, l'influx noétique, l'en-soi, le pour-soi et le pour-autrui), mis en jeu dialectiquement par Raymond Abellio dans sa structure absolue. Nous avons travaillé aussi à partir des catégories phénoménologiques de la donation et de la saturation, principalement à partir des travaux de Jean-Luc Marion. Ceci nous a permis d'analyser les conditions de possibilité du phénomène du tiers inclus mystique en tentant, il va sans dire, de ne pas assujettir philosophiquement la "région mystique" et, non plus, de verser dans la spéculation. Plus spécifiquement par rapport à l'oeuvre d'Abellio, nous avons problématisé trois points majeurs de sa phénoménologie, à savoir : a) la primauté qu'il accorde au Moi transcendantal et au corps intellectuel dans le processus d'illumination mystique; b) l'importance cruciale qu'il donne à l'±enstase¿ comme pivot moteur de l'intensification de la conscience; et c) la tentative phénoménologique de mettre en scène le Christ comme principe dialectique de spiritualisation. Nous avons expliqué aussi pourquoi nous avons dû sortir du vocabulaire husserlien et abellien. Cela nous a conduit à développer une typique du tiers mystique à partir de la chair comme flux vivant. Ainsi, avons-nous introduit et expliqué quatre nouvelles notions : celle d'hypostase (un soi qui est en deçà de la coïncidence avec la souveraineté de la conscience); celle d'érostase (le sentir mystique en la chair et le début de la phase méditative), celle d'holostase (l'intensification de la lumière à tout le corps en lien avec autrui et le monde; le développement de la phase contemplative) et, ultimement, celle d'hémostase (la montée de la lumière dans le corps, illuminative et illimitative). Somme toute, nous avons vu que l'expérience du tiers inclus mystique ne vient pas apporter l'extase tranquille d'une paix immobile; et non plus l'enstase d'une pensée confortée dans la puissance de son intellect, en ces temps où la nature et l'histoire nous posent des questions ultimes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-25T20:21:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CSO - Ana Flavia N Nascimento.pdf: 5408779 bytes, checksum: 34573493d0d4b2f61af407b0f6ed5c31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This essay presents an attempt to a further understanding of a social phenomenon known as psychedelic trance global movement which has been gaining more and more incomers in the whole country through ritualistic festivities focused on an electronic music style psychedelic trance which stimulates dancing and the altered states of consciousness. This theorical discussion implicates in penetrating the gaps within empirical scientific knowledge and expresses itself through complex articulation, the manifestations of psychedelic trance festivals, which create and recreate an altered universe that involves art and psychedelic esthetics, within nature, as the backdrop for ecstatic collective experiences. The research had guidelines such as: Is there an order in such a virtually caotic atmosphere being constructed? What does this movement reflect upon current time? Which are the symbols and myths involved in this movement? Which are the beliefs and the values that guide psychedelic imagery? What needs are implicit in this new festive manifestation? What does this complex ritual express in the planetary era? The camp research was performed in a series of psychedelic trance festivals that took place in Brazil, between year 2003 and 2006. I took part as an observer in eight festivals, in which I gathered interviews and collected material. The research also encompassed the electronic net Internet the main means of communication used by the participants of such festivities / Esta dissertação apresenta a tentativa de compreender um fenômeno social conhecido como movimento global do transe psicodélico, que vem ganhando cada vez mais adeptos em todo o país por meio de festividades ritualísticas centradas em um estilo musical eletrônico psychedelic trance que estimula a dança e os estados alterados de consciência. A discussão teórica implica penetrar nas brechas do cânone científico e expressar, por meio da articulação complexa, a manifestação dos festivais de transe psicodélico, os quais criam e recriam um universo lúdico que envolve arte e estética psicodélica em meio à natureza, como cenários para experiências extáticas coletivas. A pesquisa teve como guia algumas questões, tais como: Será que nesse ambiente de desordem existe uma nova ordem sendo construída? O que esse movimento reflete nos tempos atuais? Quais são os símbolos e mitos relacionados ao movimento? Quais são as crenças e os valores que norteiam o imaginário do grupo? Que necessidades estão implícitas nessa nova manifestação festiva? O que expressa esse complexo ritual na era planetária? Foram pesquisados os festivais de transe psicodélico que aconteceram no Brasil entre 2003 e 2006. Participei, como observadora, de oito festivais, nos quais realizei entrevistas e colhi material. A pesquisa também abrangeu a rede eletrônica Internet , principal meio de comunicação utilizado pelos participantes desses festivais

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T14:56:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CSO - Ana Flavia N Nascimento.pdf: 5408779 bytes, checksum: 34573493d0d4b2f61af407b0f6ed5c31 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-11 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This essay presents an attempt to a further understanding of a social phenomenon known as psychedelic trance global movement which has been gaining more and more incomers in the whole country through ritualistic festivities focused on an electronic music style psychedelic trance which stimulates dancing and the altered states of consciousness. This theorical discussion implicates in penetrating the gaps within empirical scientific knowledge and expresses itself through complex articulation, the manifestations of psychedelic trance festivals, which create and recreate an altered universe that involves art and psychedelic esthetics, within nature, as the backdrop for ecstatic collective experiences. The research had guidelines such as: Is there an order in such a virtually caotic atmosphere being constructed? What does this movement reflect upon current time? Which are the symbols and myths involved in this movement? Which are the beliefs and the values that guide psychedelic imagery? What needs are implicit in this new festive manifestation? What does this complex ritual express in the planetary era? The camp research was performed in a series of psychedelic trance festivals that took place in Brazil, between year 2003 and 2006. I took part as an observer in eight festivals, in which I gathered interviews and collected material. The research also encompassed the electronic net Internet the main means of communication used by the participants of such festivities / Esta dissertação apresenta a tentativa de compreender um fenômeno social conhecido como movimento global do transe psicodélico, que vem ganhando cada vez mais adeptos em todo o país por meio de festividades ritualísticas centradas em um estilo musical eletrônico psychedelic trance que estimula a dança e os estados alterados de consciência. A discussão teórica implica penetrar nas brechas do cânone científico e expressar, por meio da articulação complexa, a manifestação dos festivais de transe psicodélico, os quais criam e recriam um universo lúdico que envolve arte e estética psicodélica em meio à natureza, como cenários para experiências extáticas coletivas. A pesquisa teve como guia algumas questões, tais como: Será que nesse ambiente de desordem existe uma nova ordem sendo construída? O que esse movimento reflete nos tempos atuais? Quais são os símbolos e mitos relacionados ao movimento? Quais são as crenças e os valores que norteiam o imaginário do grupo? Que necessidades estão implícitas nessa nova manifestação festiva? O que expressa esse complexo ritual na era planetária? Foram pesquisados os festivais de transe psicodélico que aconteceram no Brasil entre 2003 e 2006. Participei, como observadora, de oito festivais, nos quais realizei entrevistas e colhi material. A pesquisa também abrangeu a rede eletrônica Internet , principal meio de comunicação utilizado pelos participantes desses festivais

Ce travail se propose d'interroger le problème des limites de la représentation du cinéma de l'âge classique (1920-1960) à partir de l'esthétique organique-pathétique conçue par Sergueï Eisenstein dans la Non-Indifférente Nature, qu'il nomme « formule de l'extase ». Après avoir montré l'existence d'une double nature de l'extase chez Eisenstein (en même temps eidétique et régressive), ce travail montre les analogies de cette formule avec la mise en forme de l'excès de pathos (thématique et formel) dans l’œuvre de trois cinéastes hollywoodiens, King Vidor, Josef von Sternberg et Orson Welles. / This piece of work aims to inquire the topic of the limits of representation in the cinema of classical era (1920-1960) on the basis of the organic-pathetic esthetics conceived by Sergei Eisenstein in The Nonindifferent nature, which he names “formula of ecstasy”. After having shown the existence of a double (that is, eidetic and regressive at the same time) nature of ecstasy in Eisenstein, this piece of work will focus on the analogies between this formula and the shaping of the excess of (thematic and formal) pathos in the works by three Hollywood filmmakers: King Vidor, Josef von Sternberg and Orson Welles.