This thesis analyzes the human action recognition problem. Human actions are modeled as a time evolving temporal texture. Gabor filters, which are proved to be a robust 2D texture representation tool by detecting spatial points with high variation, is extended to 3D domain to capture motion texture features. A well known filtering algorithm and a recent unsupervised clustering algorithm, the Genetic Chromodynamics, are combined to select salient spatio-temporal features of the temporal texture and to segment the activity sequence into temporal texture primitives. Each activity sequence is represented as a composition of temporal texture primitives with its salient spatio-temporal features, which are also the symbols of our codebook. To overcome temporal variation between different performances of the same action, a Profile Hidden Markov Model is applied with Viterbi Path Counting (ensemble training). Not only parameters and structure but also codebook is learned during training.

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Understanding of the shape and size of different features of human body from the scanned data is necessary for automated design and evaluation of product ergonomics. The traditional method of finding required body dimensions by manual measurements (Anthropometry) has many sociological, logistical and technical drawbacks such as prolonged time, skilled researcher for consistency and accuracy of measurements, undesirable physical contact between the subject and the researcher, required presence of people from different demographic categories or travel of researcher with equipments. If these di- mensions are extracted from the stored digital human models, above drawbacks can be eliminated. With the emergence of laser based 3d scanners, it is now possible generate a large database of surface models of humans from different demographic backgrounds but the automatic processing of 3d meshes is under development. Though some commercial packages are available for extraction of a limited number of dimensions from full body scans, mostly belonging to topologically separable body parts like hands and legs, the dimensions associated with head and face are particularly not available in public domain. The processing of surface models of head and face from the automatic measurement point of view is also not discussed in literature though this type of data has many practical applications like ergonomic design of close-fitting products like respiratory masks,ophthalmic frames (spectacles), helmets and similar head-mounted devices; Creation of a facial feature database for face modeling coding and reconstruction and for use in forensic sciences; Automated anthropological surveys and Medical growth analysis and aesthetic surgery planning. Hence, in this thesis, a computational framework is developed for automatic detection, recognition and measurement of important facial features namely eyes, eyebrows, nose, mouth and moustache (if applicable) from scanned head and shoulder polyhedral models. After preprocessing the scanned mesh manually to fill holes and remove singular vertices, discrete differential geometric operators were implemented to compute surface normals and curvatures. Mean curvature magnitude was used as the primary metric to segment the mesh using morphological watershed algorithms which treat the mesh as a height map and separate the regions according to the water catchment basins. After visualization it was hypothesized that the important facial features consist of relatively high curvature regions and based on this hypothesis a much faster approach was then employed based on mathematical morphology to group the high curvature vertices into regions based on adjacency. The important feature regions isolated this way were then identified and labeled to be belonging to different facial features by a decision tree based on their relative spatial disposition. Adaptive selection of parameters was incorporated later to ensure robustness of this algorithm. Critical points of these identified features are recognized as the standard landmarks associated with those primary facial features. A number of clinically identified landmarks lie on the facial mid-line. An efficient algorithm is proposed for detection and processing of the mid-line using a point sampling technique which is fast and has immunity to noise in the data. An algorithm to find shortest path between two vertices while traveling along the edges is implemented to measure on-surface distances and to isolate the nose. Complete program comprising of curvature and surface normal computations, seg- mentation and identification of 6 important features, facial mid-line processing, detection of total 17 landmarks and shortest path computations to separate nose takes about 2 minutes to work including visualization on a full resolution mesh of typically 2,15,521 Vertices and 4,30,560 Faces. The algorithm was tested successfully on more than 40 faces with minor exceptions. The results match human perception. The computed measurements were also compared with the physical measurements for a few subjects, the measurements were found to be in good agreement and satisfactory for its usage in product ergonomics and clinical applications.

Στα πλαίσια της διατριβής, πραγματοποιήθηκε μελέτη και ανάλυση σημάτων πηγών ακουστικής εκπομπής, προτάθηκαν νέες ολοκληρωμένες μεθοδολογίες βασισμένες σε συμβατικές αλλά και προχωρημένες τεχνικές επεξεργασίας και ανάλυσης δεδομένων για την εξαγωγή εκείνων των χαρακτηριστικών που διαχωρίζουν τα σήματα ακουστικής εκπομπής από τον περιβάλλοντα θόρυβο. Εξετάσθηκαν ποια χαρακτηριστικά γνωρίσματα (παράμετροι) περιέχουν σημαντικό τμήμα της “πληροφορίας” έτσι ώστε στη συνέχεια χρησιμοποιώντας προχωρημένες μεθόδους αναγνώρισης προτύπων να επιτευχθεί ανίχνευση και χαρακτηρισμός ρωγμοειδών αστοχιών σε θορυβώδεις συνθήκες αλλά και σε σύνθετες κατασκευές. Συνοπτικά στην παρούσα διατριβή προτάθηκε και αξιολογήθηκε μια νέα μέθοδος για την εκτίμηση της βέλτιστης τοποθέτησης αισθητήρων. Προτάθηκαν δύο μέθοδοι για τον εντοπισμό θέσης πηγής ακουστικής εκπομπής. Πραγματοποιήθηκε για πρώτη φορά εξαγωγή ενενήντα παραμέτρων, εκ’ των οποίων οι εξήντα επτά προσδιορίστηκαν μετά από επεξεργασία του σήματος στο πεδίο του χρόνου ενώ οι υπόλοιπες είκοσι τρεις με επεξεργασία του σήματος στο πεδίο της συχνότητας. H μείωση του αριθμού των παραμέτρων, χωρίς όμως να μειώνεται ταυτόχρονα και η αξιοπιστία του ταξινομητή, αποτελεί ένα μεγάλος μέρος έρευνας που πραγματοποιήθηκε στα πλαίσια εκπόνησης της παρούσας διατριβής. Προτάθηκαν και αξιολογήθηκαν τέσσερις μέθοδοι επιλογής παραμέτρων. Για πρώτη φορά κατασκευάστηκαν και αξιολογήθηκαν ολοκληρωμένα συστήματα ανίχνευσης αστοχιών τα οποία έχουν την δυνατότητα να ανιχνεύουν τη δημιουργία ρωγμών λόγω καταπόνησης σε καιρικές συνθήκες βροχής. Στο τελευταίο μέρος της διατριβής κατασκευάστηκε και αξιολογήθηκε ένα καινοτόμο σύστημα χαρακτηρισμού ρωγμοειδών γεγονότων για τις ενισχύσεις πλοίων, υπό προσομοιωμένες συνθήκες λειτουργίας του πλοίου. / The present PhD thesis dealt with the following subjects: best sensors position, source location, features extraction and features selection, crack detection on raining conditions, crack characterization in ship structures. A new method, for the estimation of the best sensors position that used for accurate acoustic emission source location on empty spherical surfaces, is presented. Two acoustic emission source location methods are presented and evaluated. In this thesis, an extensive set of ninety features (forty-one novel features) are extracted from acoustic emission signals, sixty-seven in the time domain and twenty-three by processing the signal in the frequency domain. The features are estimated for two time-frames the first has 1msec duration (typically the signal does not contain all the reflections from the material edges) and the second has 32msec of the normalized signal, which is not separated by its reflections, in small structures. To achieve robust performance both in accuracy and computational complexity of any classification method, it is necessary to pick up the most relevant features. Four features selection methods are proposed and evaluated. In outside constructions (e.g bridges, tanks, ships etc) real-life noises reduce significantly the capability of location and characterization acoustic emission sources. Among the most important types of noise is the rain, producing signal similar to crack. A completed system of detection crack on condition of rain is estimated. An efficient system for automatic and real-time characterization of crack events using a robust set of features to monitor crack events in ship structures is presented. In normal operation of ship, real-life noises (e.g engines, sea waves, weather conditions etc) reduce significantly the capability of location and characterization of crack events.

Rock glaciers play a significant role in the alpine debris transport system. For practical and engineering considerations, identifying the internal structure and its relationship to surface characteristics is significant in terms of how a rock glacier settles during periods of melting, and the mode of deformation. A better understanding of these factors is important for engineers, engineering geologists and geomorphologists who must make prudent evaluations of rock glaciers as potential sites for human development and uses. It is equally important for evaluating potential stores for water on other planets such as Mars. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) shows that the internal structure of a lobate rock glacier located in the San Juan Mountains of southwest Colorado consists of continuous to semi-continuous horizontal layers of ice-supersaturated sediments and coarse blocky rockslide debris which likely formed through catastrophic episodes of rockfall from the cirque headwall. Folds in the uppermost layers correspond to the surface expression of ridges and furrows, indicating that compressive stresses originating in the steep accumulation zone are transmitted downslope through the rock glacier. The rock glacier is a composite feature that formed by a process involving the development and overlap of discrete flow lobes that have overridden older glacial moraine and protalus rampart materials. The latter materials have been incorporated into the present flow structure of the rock glacier. The discovery of rock glacier-like features on Mars suggests the presence of flowing, or once-flowing ice-rock mixtures. These landforms, which include lobate debris aprons, concentric crater fill and lineated valley fill, hold significant promise as reservoirs of stored water ice that could be used as fuel sources for human exploration of Mars and provide a frozen record of the climatic history of the planet. To this end, the rock glacier in this study was used as a surrogate for similar Martian landforms. Liquid water, found to be abundant in this rock glacier, occurs within a network of interconnected channels that permeate throughout the landform. In terms of water storage within Martian analogs, consideration must include the possibility that some water ice may be stored in relatively pure form within lenses and vein networks that are supplied by seasonal frost accumulation and/or water influx from below.

No description available.

Vascular diseases are among the leading causes of death in Canada and around the globe. A major underlying cause of most such medical conditions is atherosclerosis, a gradual accumulation of plaque on the walls of blood vessels. Particularly vulnerable to atherosclerosis is the carotid artery, which carries blood to the brain. Dangerous narrowing of the carotid artery can lead to embolism, a dislodgement of plaque fragments which travel to the brain and are the cause of most strokes. If this pathology can be detected early, such a deadly scenario can be potentially prevented through treatment or surgery. This not only improves the patient's prognosis, but also dramatically lowers the overall cost of their treatment. Medical imaging is an indispensable tool for early detection of atherosclerosis, in particular since the exact location and shape of the plaque need to be known for accurate diagnosis. This can be achieved by locating the plaque inside the artery and measuring its volume or texture, a process which is greatly aided by image segmentation. In particular, the use of ultrasound imaging is desirable because it is a cost-effective and safe modality. However, ultrasonic images depict sound-reflecting properties of tissue, and thus suffer from a number of unique artifacts not present in other medical images, such as acoustic shadowing, speckle noise and discontinuous tissue boundaries. A robust ultrasound image segmentation technique must take these properties into account. Prior to segmentation, an important pre-processing step is the extraction of a series of features from the image via application of various transforms and non-linear filters. A number of such features are explored and evaluated, many of them resulting in piecewise smooth images. It is also proposed to decompose the ultrasound image into several statistically distinct components. These components can be then used as features directly, or other features can be obtained from them instead of the original image. The decomposition scheme is derived using Maximum-a-Posteriori estimation framework and is efficiently computable. Furthermore, this work presents and evaluates an algorithm for segmenting the carotid artery in 3D ultrasound images from other tissues. The algorithm incorporates information from different sources using an energy minimization framework. Using the ultrasound image itself, statistical differences between the region of interest and its background are exploited, and maximal overlap with strong image edges encouraged. In order to aid the convergence to anatomically accurate shapes, as well as to deal with the above-mentioned artifacts, prior knowledge is incorporated into the algorithm by using weak geometric priors. The performance of the algorithm is tested on a number of available 3D images, and encouraging results are obtained and discussed.

A growing number of 3D graphic applications have an impact on today's society. These applications are being used in several domains ranging from digital entertainment, computer aided design, to medical applications. In this context, a 3D object search engine with a good performance in time consuming and results becomes mandatory. We propose a novel approach for 3D-model retrieval based on closed curves. Then we enhance our method to handle partial 3D-model retrieval. Our method starts by the definition of an invariant mapping function. The important properties of a mapping function are its invariance to rigid and non rigid transformations, the correct description of the 3D-model, its insensitivity to noise, its robustness to topology changes, and its independance on parameters. However, current state-of-the-art methods do not respect all these properties. To respect these properties, we define our mapping function based on the diffusion and the commute-time distances. To prove the properties of this function, we compute the Reeb graph of the 3D-models. To describe the whole 3D-model, using our mapping function, we generate indexed closed curves from a source point detected automatically at the center of a 3D-model. Each curve describes a small region of the 3D-model. These curves lead to create an invariant descriptor to different transformations. To show the robustness of our method on various classes of 3D-models with different poses, we use shapes from SHREC 2012. We also compare our approach to existing methods in the state-of-the-art with a dataset from SHREC 2010. For partial 3D-model retrieval, we enhance the proposed method using the Bag-Of-Features built with all the extracted closed curves, and show the accurate performances using the same dataset

Specialiosios pedagogikos fizinio ugdymo didaktikos srityje stinga tyrimų, analizuojančių vidutinę proto negalę turinčių vaikų fizinio ugdymo turinį, orientuotą į tai, kad ir vidutinę proto negalę turintiems vaikams, tikslingai parenkant fizinio ugdymo turinį (fizines ypatybes lavinančius pratimus), įvedant ir emocinio pasitenkinimo momentų (muzika, šokis, žaidimai) plėtotųsi kiekybiniai ir kokybiniai fizinių ypatybių rodikliai. Iškelta hipotezė, teigianti, jog tiriamosios grupės interesus ir poreikius atitinkanti mūsų sudaryta eksperimentinė fizinio ugdymo programa bus priimtinesnė sutrikusio intelekto vaikams dėl įdomesnių, emocionalesnių, patrauklesnių, nenusibodusių aerobikos pratimų derinimo prie muzikinio fono. Kokybiniu eksperimentu buvo atliktas tyrimas, kurio tikslas - ištirti vidutiniškai sutrikusio intelekto vaikams sudarytos aerobikos taikymo per fizinės veiklos pamokas programos priimtinumą jų emocinei raiškai ir motorikos lavinimui. Atlikta kokybinė duomenų analizė. Tyrime dalyvavo Šiaulių specialiosios mokyklos 7-14 metų ugdytiniai, vidutiniškai sutrikusio intelekto, turintys įvairių kompleksinių sutrikimų ( endokrininės sistemos sutrikimas, nutukimas, netaisyklinga laikysena, plokščiapadiškumas, akių ligos, Autizmo sindromas ), vaikų cerebrinį paralyžių ir kt. Tyrime dalyvavo 10 vaikų. Empirinėje dalyje testavimo būdu buvo nustatinėjami šie tyrimo objekto kintamieji: fizinės ypatybės - judesių koordinacija ir pusiausvyra (Eurofit‘o modifikuoti testai)... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The special school teacher’s physical upbringing didactics, remit lacks research these are analyzing intrinsic mind disability having children physical peculiarity purport, orientative for this, that and for unimpressive mind disability having children, expediently choose physical upbringing purports (physical features which educate routine), introductional and emotional changing moments (music, dance, games) developing quantitative and qualitative physical features exponents. There dislodged hypothesis, proposing, that searching group interests and requirements corresponding our made experimental physical upbringing program, will be more accepted for the disturbed intellect people (children) for more interesting, more emotional, more attractive, not boring aerobic routine turing by the musical context. The qualitative experiment was transacting research, which purpose is- explore ardinary disturbed intellect children made by the aerobical uses too physical lesson programs, admissibility for them emotional expression and the motorical training. Made qualitative information analysis. In analysis contested Šiauliai special school 7-14 years school-child, middily disturbed intellect, having variously complexive flusters. In research contested 10 schoochilds. In the empirintitive sections contestitive temper were designating these exploratory object rotationals: physical features – movement coordination and balance (Eurofit’s modifitive tests), posture (Heoger’s modifical... [to full text]

Mokslinio tyrimo įstaigose atliekami platūs ir išsamūs naujų augalų bei augalinės kilmės vaistinių preparatų paieškų tyrimai, nes augalinės kilmės vaistai efektyviai terapiškai veikia žmogaus organizmą, nesukelia komplikacijų, turi mažiau šalutinių poveikių. Naujausios epidemiologinės studijos parodė, jog flavonoidų vartojimas susijęs su mažesne koronarinių širdies ligų, insultų, diabeto rizika, taip pat mažesne vėžinių susirgimų rizika. Sergantiesiems minėtomis ligomis aktualu vartoti natūralios prigimties antioksidantus – medžiagas, saugančias nuo žalingo antioksidantų poveikio. Turtingi flavonoidais yra plačiai pasaulyje išplitę Fabaceae šeimos Desmodium genties augalai. Dėl plataus biologinio veikimo spektro Desmodium genties augalai gali būti vartojami šiuolaikinių vaistinių augalinių preparatų kūrimui ir gamybai. Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. preparatai pasižymi antieksudaciniu, priešuždegiminiu, hipoazoteminiu, antivirusiniu, antimikrobiniu, antihistamininiu ir imunostimuliuojančiu poveikiu. Darbo tikslas – ištirti šeštųjų – septintųjų auginimo metų kanadinės jakšūnės (Desmodium canadense (L.) DC.) biologinius savumus Lietuvos klimatinėmis sąlygomis, apibendrinti augimo ypatumus antraisiais – septintaisiais vegetacijos metais ir nustatyti ryšį tarp vegetacijos laikotarpio, meteorologinių sąlygų bei įvairių vegetacijos tarpsnių pradžios ar trukmės. Buvo nustatyti kanadinės jakšūnės antžeminės dalies augimo ypatumai šeštaisiais ir septintaisiais auginimo metais. Ištirta... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Wide and comprehensive researches of new plants and herbal preparations are effected in the institutions of scientifical researching. It’s because the reason that herbal drugs have a therapeutical effect on human body, these preparations don’t have complications and have less adverse effects. Recent epidemiological studies indicated that the intake of flavonoids is associated with a reduce risk if coronary heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. So it is useful to use these natural antioxidants – substances that protect cells from damaging action of oxidation – for those, who have such problems. Plants of Desmodium genus of Fabaceae family, that are spread in all the world, are plentiful of flavonoids. Because of their wide biological effect plants of Desmodium genus can be used to create and make modern herbal preparations. Preparations of Desmodium canadense (L.) DC. have antiexudative, anti-inflammatory, hypoazotemical, antiviral, antimicrobical, antihistaminic and also immunostimulating effects. The aim of work – to determine biological features of showy tick trefoil of sixth and seventh vegetation year in Lithuanian climate conditions, to generalize the peculiarity of growing of second – seventh vegetation year and to measure the relation between the meteorological factors of vegetation period and the beginning and length in different vegetations periods. In result it was determined biological features of Showy tick trefoil of sixth and seventh vegetation year. It... [to full text]