Ce mémoire examine le rapport du visible à l’invisible dans l’œuvre du cinéaste hongrois Béla Tarr afin de montrer comment cette œuvre fait sa plus grande place, quoique le plus souvent sous la forme d’une absence-présence, à la question du néant et de la mort. À travers une étude tripartite, tour à tour concernant le traitement cinématographique et thématique du monde, du temps et du personnage et de leurs fonctions, l’objectif de cette recherche est celui de montrer comment cette œuvre soustractive interroge le rapport de l’existant à un monde qui fait défaut. C’est la promesse, en partie telle que théorisée par Peter Sloterdijk, qui permettra ultimement d’éclairer la démarche tragique des personnages tarriens : lutte contre la mort au moyen d’un constant effort de soi et ce, jusqu’à l’épuisement radical. La notion de personnage-figurant développée dans ce mémoire se propose d’articuler ensemble les valeurs figuratives et thématiques communes aux différents personnages qui traversent l’œuvre afin d’en mieux comprendre, malgré les ruptures stylistiques et narratives, la continuité. Enfin, le dialogue engagé ici entre l’œuvre du cinéaste et certains concepts-clé de la tradition philosophique (le monde, le soi, le temps) entend montrer comment la première ouvre des pistes pertinentes pour une réflexion sur le sujet contemporain et son époque. / This master’s thesis examines the relation between the visible and the invisible in Hungarian filmmaker Bela Tarr’s work in order to shed light on the exploration of nothingness and death—mostly appearing as an absence-presence—in Tarr’s cinema. Through a tripartite study focusing on the visual and thematic treatment, as well as the function of the world, of time and of the cinematic character, I will demonstrate how Tarr’s “subtractive” films interrogate the relation of the self to a missing world. The notion of the “promise”, as conceptualized by Peter Sloterdijk, will provide insight into the Tarrian character’s tragic fate: a tremendous effort to escape death that can only end in an extreme fatigue. The notion of “personnage-figurant” proposed here aims to bind together the figurative and thematic values shared by the various characters in order to better understand the continuity of the work beyond its stylistic and narrative ruptures. Finally, the dialogue initiated here between Tarr’s work and various philosophical key concepts (world, self, time) intends to demonstrate how the Hungarian director’s work opens up interesting avenues for a discussion of subjectivity in our own times.

Thèse numérisée par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

The thesis discusses the psychological test called Rey-Osterrieth complex figure (ROCF) and focuses on the possibilities of its use in ten-year-old children. The objective of this study was to describe how ten-year-old children process TKF in all its parts (copy, recall, delayed recall) in quantitative and qualitative terms. The thesis is divided into a theoretical part and an empirical part. Theoretical part consists of the psychological characteristics of the developmental period of ten-year-old child giving emphasis to cognitive development, then the test TKF and its utilization in children. Utilization of ROCF in children with specific learning disabilities is also an important component of the theoretical part. In the empirical part itself is presented, which is based on the research process TKF with ten children. Due to the nature of the data obtained were selected quantitative processing. They were designed to approximate the standard for this age group, extended test administration in children and the results were compared with a group of children with specific learning disabilities and psychological test called the Trail Making Test.

M.A. (Semitic Languages& Cultures) / Please refer to full text to view abstract

Previous studies have found that poor effort can significantly impact psychometric performance by Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) patients. So far, this impact has been relatively well studied in attention and memory. However, this is not the case for visual perception functions. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine to what extent TBI severity affect visual perception after controlling for effort. Results showed that mild TBI good effort group did not differ from a demographically matched control group. In contrast, a mild TBI poor effort group, a moderate-severe TBI group and a right hemisphere cerebro-vascular (CVA) group performed worse than the mild TBI good effort group and the control group. The results suggest a dose response relationship between injury severity and visual perception performance. After controlling for effort, results indicated that moderate-severe TBI, but not mild TBI, has long lasting effects on visual perception. Clinical implications are discussed.

No description available.

Introdução: Desde a infância a percepção da imagem corporal é um importante componente da auto-estima. Ela é indispensável para a adequada interação do ser humano com o ambiente e para uma vida física e mental saudável. Objetivo: Adaptar uma Escala de Silhuetas, avaliar sua fidedignidade, validar sua utilização ao contexto brasileiro e avaliar a (in)satisfação com a imagem corporal. Método: A Escala de Silhuetas foi adaptada, a partir de trabalho anterior de mesma autoria, para crianças (7-12 anos) e adultos (18-59 anos). A amostra foi composta por 280 adultos voluntários: 138 mulheres e 142 homens, e por 160 crianças: 94 meninas e 66 meninos. Avaliou-se a fidedignidade das escalas adaptadas pela técnica teste-reteste. Foi solicitado a cada voluntário que escolhesse figuras de silhuetas que representassem seu tamanho corporal atual, desejado e ideal. Para a validação das escalas adaptadas, estas foram julgadas por especialistas da área. As figuras das escalas também foram ordenadas pelos voluntários, em série ascendente. Examinou-se a aplicação das escalas a grupos distintos por sexo e por classe de Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Resultados: A Escala de Silhuetas para adultos ficou composta por 15 cartões com figuras de silhuetas para cada sexo, e a escala para crianças ficou composta de 11 cartões com figuras de silhuetas para cada sexo. Foram obtidos coeficientes de correlação significativamente positivos no teste-reteste, tanto para adultos (r=0,93; p<0,01) quanto para crianças (r=0,68; p<0,01) para a escolha da figura atual. O julgamento por especialistas das figuras desenhadas e a ordenação destas pelos sujeitos da pesquisa foram satisfatórios. Houve diferença significativa entre o IMC das figuras escolhidas em relação ao IMC real, por sexo e classe de IMC, para adultos e crianças. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que as Escalas de Silhuetas adaptadas neste trabalho, para aplicação em crianças e adultos, apresentam boas qualidades psicométricas, podendo ser utilizadas na pesquisa clínica e epidemiológica. / Introduction: Since childhood the perception of body image is an important component of self-esteem. It is essential for a proper interaction of human beings with the environment and a healthy physical and mental life. Objective: The aim of this work was to adapt a Figure Rating Scale, to assess its reliability, to validate its use in Brazil, and to evaluate the body image (dis)satisfaction. Method: The Figure Rating Scale was adapted for adults (18-59 years) and for children (7-12 years) from a previously one developed by the same author. The sample was composed of 280 adult volunteers: 138 women and 142 men; and 160 children: 94 girls and 66 boys. Test-retest reliability was conducted. Each volunteer was asked to choose the cards of silhouette figures representing his/her current, desired and ideal body sizes. To validate the adapted scales, experts judged the figures concerning Body Mass Index (BMI). The volunteers were also asked to arrange the cards in ascending order. The use of the scale in different gender and BMI class groups was examinated. Results: The Figure Rating Scale for adults was composed by 15 cards for each gender and the scale for children was composed by 11 cards of silhouette figures for each gender. It was found significantly positive correlation coefficients on test-retest, for both adults (r=93, p<0,01) and children (r=68, p<0,01) for current figure chosen. The judgment of the scales by experts and the ordering of figures were satisfactory for adult and children adapted scales. There were significant differences for gender and BMI class, considering the chosen figures in relation to the actual BMI. Conclusion: These results suggest good psychometric qualities of the adapted Figure Rating Scales, to be applied to Brazilian adults and children. They provide a tool for clinical and epidemiological research on body image.

Este trabalho tem como objetivo abordar uma das obras mais importantes do escritor francês Antonin Artaud, Le Théâtre et son double, explorando o universo artaudiano, a partir de conceitos, como a peste e a crueldade. O estudo procura abordar a proposta de Teatro da Crueldade e as críticas feitas por Artaud em relação aos espetáculos apresentados na França na década de 1930. Por meio de uma crítica ao chamado teatro psicológico, Artaud exalta um teatro constituído por diversas linguagens, não restrito à mera reprodução do texto. Sem a pretensão de abordar a extensa obra escrita por Artaud, a dissertação tem como objetivo tratar de aspectos revelantes dos conceitos tratados por Artaud, como a crueldade e a peste, tentando identificar em sua proposta de teatro, o desenvolvimento de conceitos ligados à psicanálise, como a pulsão de morte. Procuramos, ainda, discutir o processo de criação de Artaud, problematizando a figura do Pai em sua escrita e a chamada outra cena do inconsciente que seria aberta pelo teatro da crueldade. / The purpose of this research is to analyse one of the most important works of Antonin Artaud, The Theater and its double (Le Théâtre et son double), exploring his universe from concepts like the pest and cruelty. The study seeks to analyse the proposal of the Theatre of Cruelty and the criticisms made by Artaud in relation to theatrical performances presented in France in the 1930s. By making a critique of the psychological theater, Artaud ideates a theater consisted of different languages, not restricted to the simple reproduction of the text. Without attempting to address the extensive work by Artaud, the dissertation aims to analyse some aspects of important concepts created by Artaud, as the cruelty and the pest, trying to identify in its proposal for the theater, as well as the development of concepts related to psychoanalysis, like the death drive. We also aim to discuss the creation process of Artaud, by analyzing the figure of the Father in his writing and the so called \"other unconscious scene\" that would be opened by the theater of cruelty.

Para suportar as novas aplicações heterogêneas e dinâmicas, como a TV digital interativa, os vídeos sob demanda e a computação em nuvem, as redes ópticas WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) estão passando por uma grande mudança. Estão deixando de ser estáticas para se tornarem reconfiguráveis. Assim, elas devem suportar diferentes taxas e formatos de modulação, que podem variar com o tempo, tornando-as heterogêneas tanto no que se refere aos tipos de serviços, quanto às tecnologias de transmissão. Assim, novos desafios para controlar e administrar estas redes estão surgindo e soluções cognitivas estão começando a ser estudadas. Uma das premissas de uma solução cognitiva é a adaptabilidade. Neste cenário, este trabalho propõe uma metodologia de controle adaptativo de ganho para amplificadores ópticos em redes WDM dinâmicas. Tal metodologia baseia-se em uma máscara de potência com informações sobre o desempenho óptico do amplificador em termos de figura de ruído e \"planicidade\" espectral de ganho, ajustando seu ponto de operação visando um compromisso entre estes parâmetros. Esta metodologia foi aplicada em um problema de roteamento e alocação de comprimento de onda para algumas topologias de redes com 4, 6, 10 e 15 nós e considerando uma restrição de qualidade de serviço, relacionada à OSNR do sinal, para realização da conexão. Os resultados mostram uma redução na probabilidade de bloqueio total com a aplicação da metodologia proposta em relação a um cenário sem a metodologia de 80% para abaixo de 20% em alguns casos. / To support new dynamic and heterogeneous applications such as interactive digital TV, video on demand and cloud computing, WDM (wavelength division multiplexing) optical networks are undergoing significant changes. They are changing from static to reconfigurable networks. Thus, they need to support different data rates and modulation formats, which can varie along the time, leading to a heterogeneous network with respect not only to different services, but also to different transmission technology. Therefore, new network control and management challenges are arising and cognitive solutions are being studied. One of the cognitive solution premises is adaptability. In this scenario, this work propose an adaptive gain control methodology for optical amplifiers in WDM dynamic optical networks. Such methodology is based on a power mask with information about the amplifier optical performance in terms of noise figure and gain flatness, adjusting its operating point aiming to the best trade off between these parameters. This methodology was applied to a routing and wavelength assignment problem to some network topology with 4, 6, 10 and 15 nodes and considering a quality of service constraint, due to the signal OSNR, to accomplish the connection. Results show blocking probability reduction from 80% to bellow 20% for some cases from a scenario without the methodology to one with it.

O projeto de amplificadores de baixo ruído (LNA) aparenta ser um trabalho simples pelos poucos componentes ativos e passivos que o compõe, porém a alta correlação entre os seus parâmetros de projeto dificulta muito esse trabalho. Esta dissertação apresenta uma proposta para contornar essa dificuldade: o uso de algoritmos metaheurísticos, em particular algoritmos genéticos e simulated annealing. Algoritmos metaheurísticos são técnicas avançadas que emulam princípios físicos ou naturais para resolver problemas com alto grau de complexidade. Esses algoritmos estão emergindo nos últimos anos porque têm mostrado eficiência e eficácia. São feitos neste trabalho os projetos de três LNAs, dois (LNA1 e LNA2) para sistemas com arquitetura homódine (LNA com carga capacitiva) e um (LNA3) para sistemas com arquitetura heteródine (LNA com carga resistiva) utilizando-se algoritmos genéticos e simulated annealing (recozimento simulado). Apresenta-se inicialmente a análise detalhada da configuração escolhida para os projetos (fonte comum cascode com degeneração indutiva FCCDI). A frequência de operação dos LNAs é 1,8 GHz e a fonte de alimentação de 2,0 V. Para o LNA1 e o LNA2 se atingiu uma figura de ruído de 2,8 dB e 3,2 dB, consumo de potência de 6,8 mW e 2,7 mW e ganho de tensão de 22 dB e 24 dB, respectivamente. Para LNA3 se atingiu uma figura de ruído de 3,5 dB, consumo de potência de 7,8 mW e ganho de tensão de 15,5 dB. Os resultados obtidos e comparações feitas com LNAs da literatura demonstram viabilidade e eficácia da aplicação de algoritmos metaheurísticos no projeto de LNA. Neste trabalho utilizaram-se as ferramentas ELDO (simulador de circuitos elétricos), versão 2009.1 patch1 64 bits, ASITIC (para projetar e simular os indutores), versão 03.19.00.0.0.0 e MATLAB (o toolbox fornece os algoritmos metaheurísticos), versão 7.9.0.529 R2009b. Além disso, os projetos foram desenvolvidos na tecnologia CMOS 0,35 m da AMS (Austria Micro Systems). / The design of low noise amplifiers (LNA) seems to be a simple work because the small number of active and passive device that they are composes, nevertheless the high trade off of LNA parameters complicates very much the work. This research presents a proposal to contour act the obstacle: to use metaheuristic algorithms, in special genetic algorithms and simulated annealing. The metaheuristic algorithms are advanced techniques that emulate physics or natural principles to solve problems with high grade of complexity. They have been emerging in the last years because they have shown effectiveness and efficiency. In this dissertation were designed three LNAs using genetic algorithms and simulated annealing: two (LNA1 and LNA2) to homódine architecture (LNA with capacitive load) and one (LNA3) to heteródine architecture (LNA with resistive load). First it is show the detailed analysis of configuration chosen to the designs (common source cascode with inductive degeneration). The operation frequency is 1.8 GHz and power supply is 2.0 V for all LNAs. LNA1 and LNA2 reached a noise figure of 2.8 dB and 3.2 dB, a dissipation power of 6.8 mW and 2.7 mW, and a voltage gain of 22 dB and 24 dB respectively. LNA3 reached 3.5 dB of noise figure, 7.8 mW of dissipation power, and 15.5 dB of voltage gain. The results obtained and the comparisons with LNAs from the literature demonstrate that the metaheuristic algorithms show efficiency and effectiveness in the design of LNA. This study was developed with the help of the tools ELDO (electric circuit simulator) version 2009.1 patch1 64 bits, ASITIC (to design and simulate the inductors) version 03.19.00.0.0.0, and MATLAB (the toolbox provides the metaheuristic algorithms) version 7.9.0.529 R2009b. Furthermore, the designs were developed on CMOS 0.35 AMS (Austria Micro Systems) technology.