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The thesis deals with the design of the printing environment in REGADA company. Based on the analysis of the current print operation in company, the work points to the usual challenges of midsize companies in this field. Solution of these problemsis introduced in the design part of the thesis. This part describes the optimization of the main areas of the printing environment resulting in technical, operational and financial benefits of the proposed solutions.

The diploma thesis is focused on the use of technical innovation as a tool for increasing competitiveness of the wire saw for cutting silicon. In the paper are described theoretical bases for solving of product innovation. Based on market analysis, customer feedback and the results of functional analysis, in the diploma thesis are proposed innovations, which should contribute to increase competitiveness of the product on the global market.

This diploma thesis processes the dateched multifunctional building. The supporting structure of the house is a monolithic reinforced concrete skeleton. The building is covered with a flat roof. The design focus is on the overal consistency among spatial, structural, static, fire safety, acoustic and thermal technical requirements. The graphical part of documentation has been processed in the AUTOCAD software.

Among other factors, optimism has been shown to significantly influence the course of some diseases (cancer, HIV, coronary heart disease). This study investigated whether optimism of a patient before a total hip replacement can predict the functionality of the lower limbs 3 and 6 months after surgery. A total of 325 patients took part in the study (age: 58.7 years; w: 55%). The functionality was measured with the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities arthrosis index, and optimism with the Life Orientation Test. To analyse the influences of age, gender and optimism, general linear models were calculated. In optimistic patients, functionality improved significantly over time. The study showed a clear influence of dispositional optimism on the recovery after total hip replacement in the first 3 months after surgery.

Syftet med studien var att (a) studera hälsosam kroppsuppfattning i relation till kroppsfunktionalitet, motionsmotiv, ångest och självkänsla, samt (b) undersöka om dessa faktorer kan predicera hälsosam kroppsuppfattning. Via webbenkäter samlades data in vid två tillfällen. 93 stycken kvinnor deltog, samtliga var över 18 år. Regressionsanalys visade att samtliga prediktorer kroppsfunktionalitet, utseenderelaterade motionsmotiv, funktionsrelaterade motionsmotiv, ångest och självkänsla var signifikanta prediktorer för kroppsuppskattning och utseendevärdering. Utvecklingsteorin om förkroppsligande samt Objektifieringsteorin är två välanvända teorier i sammanhang som studerar hälsosam kroppsuppfattning. Dessa användes i studien för att belysa kroppsfunktionalitetens roll i relation till hälsosam kroppsuppfattning samt ge en ökad förståelse för kroppsuppfattning ur en kvinnlig aspekt. Studiens resultat uppmärksammar faktorer som är relevanta i arbetet att förebygga och behandla kvinnors kroppsuppfattning. / The purpose of the study was to (a) study healthy body image in relation to body functionality, exercise motives, anxiety and self-esteem, and (b) examine whether these factors can predict healthy body image. Data were collected via web surveys on two occasions. 93 women participated, and all of them were over the age of 18. Regression analysis showed that all predictors, body functionality, appearance-related exercise motives, function-related exercise motives, anxiety and self-esteem were significant predictors of body appreciation and appearance evaluation. The developmental theory of embodiment and the objectification theory are two theories that are well-used in contexts that study positive body image. These were used in the study to illuminate the role of body functionality in relation to positive body image and to provide an increased understanding of body image from a female aspect. The results of the study draw attention to factors that are relevant in the work of preventing and treating women's body image.

Syfte: Att skapa lojala kunder i dagens samhälle har blivit allt mer komplext till följd av e-handelns framfart. Relationen mellan konsument och varumärke var förr fokuserad vid pris och kvalitet. På senare tid visar studier att området kring långvariga relationer är komplexare än så. Mer mjuka värden i form av emotionella faktorer har visat sig spela en avgörande roll i företagens strävan att skapa relationer och lönsamhet på längre sikt. Studiens syfte är att undersöka de emotionella faktorer som påverkar konsumenters varumärkeslojalitet och långvariga relationer. Metod: I studien används en kvantitativ metod där en enkätundersökning publiceras för sportintresserade konsumenter. Data kopplat till faktorerna varumärkeslojalitet, varumärkeskärlek, emotionell anknytning samt funktionalitet samlades in och analyserades med hjälp av en multipel regressionsanalys. Flera T-tester genomfördes även för att påvisa eventuella skillnader i varumärkeslojalitet mellan varumärken och generationer. Resultat & slutsats: Resultatet av den multipla regressionsanalysen tyder på att det finns ett samband mellan varumärkeslojalitet och emotionell anknytning samt varumärkeskärlek. Vidare redovisas en skillnad i hur de olika varumärkena uppfattas när det kommer till emotionellt och funktionellt. Den yngre generationen visar även på en högre varumärkeslojalitet baserat på de två sportvarumärkena som undersöks. Teoretiskt- och praktiskt bidrag: Vårt bidrag till forskningen är att ge en bredare kunskap till det komplexa området som varumärkeslojalitet och långvariga relationer är. Få studier i Sverige har forskat kring de emotionella faktorerna som påverkar varumärkeslojalitet. På så sätt bidrar studien med relevant kunskap som företag och marknadsförare kan nyttja i verksamheterna. Fo¨rslag pa° framtida forskning: Studien avgränsar sig till den svenska sportbranschen där majoriteten av respondenterna befinner sig i 20-30 års ålder. Vidare forskning föreslår att nå ut till den äldre generationen för att påvisa eventuella skillnader i resultatet. I denna och tidigare studier undersöks kläder inom sportbranschen och lyxvarubranschen. Fortsatta studier rekommenderas att undersöka andra branscher och områden där livsmedelsbutiker ges som exempel. Vidare föreslås att ta in fler variabler som är direkt kopplade till varumärkeslojalitet. / Purpose: Creating loyal customers in today's society has become increasingly complex as a result of the progress of e-commerce. The relationship between consumer and brand used to be focused on price and quality. More recently, studies show that the field of long-term relationships is more complex than that. Softer values in the form of emotional factors have proven to play a decisive role in companies' efforts to create relationships and profitability in the longer term. The purpose of the study is to investigate the emotional factors that influence consumers' brand loyalty and long-term relationships. The language of the thesis is Swedish. Method: The study uses a quantitative method where a survey is published for consumers interested in sports. Data linked to the factors brand loyalty, brand love, emotional attachment and functionality were collected and analyzed using a multiple regression analysis. Several T-tests were also conducted to demonstrate any differences in brand loyalty between brands and generations. Results & conclusions: The results of the multiple regression analysis indicate that there is a relationship between brand loyalty and emotional attachment as well as brand love. Furthermore, the study shows differences in how consumers perceive the brands in terms of their functional and emotional aspects. The younger generation also shows a higher brand loyalty based on the two sports brands used in the study. Theoretical and practical contribution: Our contribution to the research is to provide a broader knowledge to the complex area of brand loyalty and long-term relationships. Few studies in Sweden have researched the emotional factors that influence brand loyalty. In this way, the study contributes relevant knowledge that companies and marketers can use in their operations. Suggestions for future research: The study is limited to the Swedish sports industry where the majority of respondents are in their 20s and 30s. Further research suggests reaching out to the older generation to demonstrate any differences in outcome. In this and previous studies, clothing in the sports industry and the luxury goods industry is examined. Further studies are recommended to investigate other industries and areas where grocery stores are given as an example. Furthermore, it is suggested to include more variables that are directly linked to brand loyalty.

[pt] Contexto: Várias mudanças de código aplicadas ao evoluir funcionalidades visam melhorar atributos internos de qualidade como coesão. Tais mudanças são as refatorações. Refatorações não dirigidas podem piorar, e não melhorar, atributos internos. Porém, o saber atual é insuficiente para gerir atributos internos durante a evolução do sistema. Objetivo: Nosso primeiro objetivo é entender como refatorações afetam atributos internos ao evoluir sistemas, mitigando limitações de escopo de estudos anteriores. Nosso segundo objetivo é atender uma carência por evidência quantitativa sobre como gerir atributos internos críticos via refatorações ao evoluir sistemas. Um atributo interno é crítico se sua medição assume valores anômalos. Baixa coesão é um exemplo de atributo crítico. Método: O primeiro estudo estende uma avaliação quantitativa da relação entre refatorações e cinco atributos internos: acoplamento, coesão, complexidade, herança e tamanho. Incluímos novas análises e resolvemos ameaças à validade da literatura. O segundo estudo contém estudos de caso qualitativos baseados em grupo focal. Em dois casos industriais, promovemos discussões sobre o quanto (e por que) atributos críticos são relevante ao evoluir funcionalidades. Por fim, cruzamos os achados dos dois estudos para discutir como gerir atributos críticos via refatoração ao evoluir funcionalidades. Resultados: Aproximadamente 64 por cento das refatorações melhoram ou não afetam os atributos internos. Desenvolvedores parecem refatorar até melhorar os atributos mais relevantes, ignorando outros atributos internos possivelmente críticos. Baixa coesão e alta complexidade são percebidos como relevantes e tornam mais difícil evoluir funcionalidades. Alto acoplamento, herança larga e tamanho largo são percebidos como irrelevantes ao implementar funcionalidades especialmente complexas, por exemplo. Ao cruzar dados entre estudos, discutimos como refatorações podem melhorar atributos internos, inclusive atributos críticos. Conclusões: Os achados dos nossos estudos podem apoiar a gestão de atributos críticos relevantes aos desenvolvedores, mas também preservar outros atributos que podem se tornar críticos. / [en] Context: Several software changes applied while evolving software features aim at improving internal quality attributes, e.g. cohesion. These changes are the refactorings. Non-assisted refactorings might worsen, rather than improve, internal attributes. However, current knowledge is insufficient for managing internal attributes during software evolution. Objective: Our first objective is assessing how refactorings affect internal attributes during software evolution by filling gaps of past work on study scope. Our second objective is filling gaps of qualitative evidence on how to manage critical internal attributes via refactorings while evolving features. An internal attribute is critical when its measurement has anomalous values. Low cohesion is an example of critical attribute. Method: Our first study extends a large quantitative assessment of the relationship between refactorings and five internal attributes: cohesion, complexity, coupling, inheritance, and size. We include a more detailed statistical analysis and address major threats to validity of past work. Our second study is a qualitative case study based on focus group. We selected two industry cases to promote discussions on how much (and why) critical attributes are relevant while evolving features. Finally, we crossed the findings from both conducted studies aimed at discussing how critical attributes can be addressed via refactoring when evolving features. Results: About 64 per cent of refactorings either improve or keep the internal attributes unaffected. Developers seem to perform refactorings until the most relevant internal attributes are improved, thereby neglecting other internal attributes that may be critical. Low cohesion and high complexity are perceived as relevant because they often make evolving features harder than usual. High coupling, large inheritance, and large size are perceived as irrelevant when developers implement especially complex features. By crossing the findings from both studies, we discuss how refactorings can improve internal attributes, especially the critical ones. Conclusions: The findings of our studies can support managing critical attributes that developers typically find relevant, while preserving other attributes that may become critical.

Artificial Neural Networks are successfully solving a wide range of problems with impressive performance. Nevertheless, often very little or nothing is understood in the workings behind these black-box solutions as they are hard to interpret, let alone to explain. This thesis proposes a set of complementary interpretable visualization models of neural activity, developed through prototyping, to answer the research question ”How may neural activity of Recurrent Neural Networks for text sequence prediction be represented, transformed and visualized during the inference process to explain interpretable functionality with respect to the text domain of some individual hidden neurons, as well as automatically detect these?”. Specifically, a Vanilla and a Long Short-Term Memory architecture are utilized for character respectively word prediction as testbeds. The research method is experimental; causalities between text features triggering neurons and detected patterns of corresponding nerve impulses are investigated. The result reveals not only that there exist neurons with clear and consistent feature-specific patterns of activity, but also that the proposed models of visualization successfully may automatically detect and interpretably present some of these. / Artificiella Neurala Nätverk löser framgångsrikt ett brett spektrum av problem med imponerande prestanda. Ändå är det ofta mycket lite eller ingenting som går att förstå bakom dessa svart-låda-lösningar, eftersom de är svåra att tolka och desto svårare att förklara. Den här uppsatsen föreslår en uppsättning komplementerande tolkningsbara visualiseringsmodeller av neural aktivitet, utvecklad genom prototypering, för att besvara forskningsfrågan ”Hur kan användningsprocessen av Rekurrenta Neurala Nätverk för textgenerering visualiseras på ett sätt för att automatiskt detektera och förklara tolkningsbar funktionalitet hos några enskilda dolda neuroner?”. Specifikt används en standardoch en LSTM (långt korttidsminne)-arkitektur för teckenrespektive ordprediktering som testbäddar. Forskningsmetoden är experimentell; orsakssamband mellan specifika typer av tecken/ord i texten som triggar neuroner, och detekterade mönster av motsvarande nervimpulser undersöks. Resultatet avslöjar inte bara att neuroner med tydliga och konsekventa tecken/ord-specifika aktivitetsmönster existerar, men också att de utvecklade modellerna för visualisering framgångsrikt kan automatiskt upptäcka och tolkningsbart presentera några av dessa.

This study examines the development process to create new functionality for a fuel inventory management system used by Preem AB. The reason why Preem AB recruited students to take on this challenge was due to the potential improvements that could be made to their exisiting system. This study will explain how the system can be improved by developing new functionality from existing data. The aim of this study is to provide ideas, guidelines and answers on how new functionality can benefit their fuel inventory management system. Preem AB is Sweden’s largest producer of fuel and contributes with about half of all the fuel consumed in Sweden [1]. Therefore, a lot of aspects needs to be taken into consideration. Having good control of the fuel inventory is good for the economic viability. The company risks losing millions because of deficiencies in their inventory management system, which is currently the case. One way to minimize this problem is to apply certain funtionality to their system. The students who participated in the project were given different responsibilities; the areas the project focused on were the development of a new graphical user interface, database management and also the development of new functionality – which is the sole purpose of this study. A specification and prototypes for each function has been developed to clarify how the inventory management system can be optimized. The specifications are intended to describe how the functionality can optimize the fuel inventory management system. The prototypes are programs that are implemented to answer the problem formulation (see section 1.2). The inventory management system can be more efficient and benefit through the innovation of new functionality. One of many benefits may include a function that takes over the role of an employee, meaning it will replace the manual labor usually required for the job. There are many opportunities to create new functionality such as this, which was in fact discovered early in the project. The functionality that were selected to be implemented consisted of those who were most likely to benefit Preem AB. / I denna studie undersöks utvecklingsprocessen för att skapa ny funktionalitet till Preem AB:s lagerhanteringssystem som hanterar drivmedelsvarulagret. Anledningen till att Preem AB rekryterade studenter för att ta sig an denna utmaning var på grund av de potentiella möjligheterna i förbättring av flera komponenter i lagerhanteringssystemet. Studien ska förklara hur systemet kan förbättras genom att utveckla ny funktionalitet från befintlig data. Målet med studien är att ge idéer, riktlinjer och svar på hur ny funktionalitet kan förbättra Preems hantering av drivmedelsvarulagret. Preem AB är Sveriges största producent av drivmedel och bidrar med ungefär hälften av allt drivmedel som förbrukas i Sverige. [1] Preem AB har därmed mycket i åtanke då ansvaret för stora mängder drivmedel är riskfyllt inom många aspekter. Att ha god kontroll över drivmedelsvarulagret är viktigt för den ekonomiska lönsamheten. Bolaget kan förlora miljonbelopp på grund av brister i deras lagerhanteringssystem. Ett sätt att minimera problemet kan vara att applicera ny funktionalitet i deras system. Studenterna som deltog i projektet fick olika ansvarsområden, de områden som Preem AB sökte hjälp i var utvecklandet av det grafiska gränssnittet, databashantering och området denna studie sätter fokus på – utveckling av ny funktionalitet. En kravspecifikation för varje funktion och prototyper i form av kod har tagits fram. Kravspecifikationerna är till för att beskriva hur funktionaliteten kan optimera lagerhanteringssystemet. Prototyperna är program som är implementerade att kunna besvara problemformuleringarna (se avsnitt 1.2). Genom nyskapandet av funktionalitet kan lagerhanteringssystemet effektiviseras och på så sätt erhålla ekonomiska fördelar – en fördel kan vara att en funktion tar över rollen som en anställd har. Det fanns många möjligheter att skapa ny funktionalitet, den funktionalitet som valdes att utvecklas var den som mest troligt skulle gynna Preem AB.