Um dos últimos textos a ser publicado em vida pelo autor, Le Voyage d\'hiver, de Georges Perec, teve um destino diverso no âmbito da crítica literária perecquiana e do OuLiPo. Essa disparidade de tratamento parece estar vinculada ao tipo de análise que o papel do leitor suscitou na crítica até então. O objetivo dessa dissertação é realizar uma análise alternativa deste papel de modo a explicar a diferença apontada. Tentando evitar as aporias que a crítica perecquiana enfrenta na compreensão da obra do autor, esta dissertação traz também a análise de alguns aspectos do manuscrito preparatório de Le Voyage d\'hiver. / Le voyage d\'hiver - one of the last texts to be written and published by Georges Perec- has drawn different levels of attention to itself. Not having been frequently analysed by the critics, it has been used by the literary group known as the OuLiPo as a springboard for the production of a series of texts that repeated and expanded the themes dealt in Perec\'s text. This difference of approach seems to be related to the way the role of the reader is viewed by the critics. Therefore, the aim of this dissertation is to propose an alternative approach to the study of the role of the reader in Le Voyage d\'hiver. Moreover, in order to deal with some of the problems that the critics face when studying the work of Georges Perec, this dissertation analyses certain aspects of the Le Voyage d\'hiver manuscript.

A dissertação traz uma aproximação entre os poetas simbolistas Alphonsus de Guimaraens e Georges Rodenbach por meio da análise dos temas da cidade morta e da noiva morta. Inicialmente, é feita uma leitura panorâmica da obra em verso e prosa do poeta mineiro, em que se pontua a discussão acerca da religiosidade em sua produção, a fim de mostrar que a presença desse tema está a serviço de um projeto estético consciente e contribui com a criação de uma atmosfera de mistério comum às cidades mortas e de devoção à amada morta, da mesma forma como ocorre no romance Bruges-la-morte. Nesse romance de Georges Rodenbach, a cidade morta aparece como uma espécie de entidade mística, e sua imagem confunde-se com a imagem da mulher morta, num jogo de espelhamentos. Baseado, em especial, no conceito de espelhamento de Starobinski, este estudo pôde evidenciar nas obras de Alphonsus e Rodenbach a percepção das cidades como estados de alma e a imagem da noiva morta como consequência dessa condição anímica. Essa proximidade entre as obras dos dois autores é evidência de como Alphonsus poderia ter se apropriado de temas advindos da obra de Rodenbach, da qual ele era leitor. Isso deixa em aberto a possibilidade de certos temas conhecidos da obra de Alphonsus, normalmente associados à sua vida pessoal, advirem da influência que sofreu das tendências a ele contemporâneas da poesia e prosa europeia. / The dissertation brings an approximation between the Symbolist poets Alphonsus de Guimaraens and Georges Rodenbach through the analysis of the themes of the dead city and the dead bride. Initially, a panoramic reading of the works in verse and prose of the Brazilian poet is done, in which a discussion concerning religiousness in his work is pointed out with the intention of showing that the presence of such theme serves a conscious aesthetic project and contributes with the creation of a mysterious atmosphere, which appears both in the dead cities and in the devotion to the dead loved one, just like it happens in the novel Bruges-la-morte. In this novel by Georges Rodenbach, the dead city appears as a kind of mystical entity and its image mixes with that of the dead bride, in a mirroring game. Based mainly on Starobinskis concept of mirroring, this study was able to evidence the perception of the cities as states of mind and the image of the dead bride as a consequence of such psychic condition in the works of Guimaraens and Rodenbach. These proximities between the works of both authors is evidence of how Guimaraens could have appropriated themes from the works of Rodenbach, of whom he was a reader. That leaves open the possibility that certain themes known in the works of Guimaraens, which are usually associated with his personal life, may have come from the influence he suffered from the European poetry of his time.

A dissertação apresenta um estudo de Beaubourg, Centre d\'art et culture Georges Pompidou (1977), último filme dirigido por Roberto Rossellini. A produção registra o início das atividades da instituição cultural parisiense cuja concepção arquitetônica e conceitual é abordada no primeiro capítulo. Desse contexto, o estudo avança para uma análise detalhada que identifica a variação dos registros adotados pelo filme diante dos espaços e situações apresentados no museu. A mobilidade do ponto de vista se sobressai como uma das características do filme, o que leva, nos próximos capítulos, ao estudo do movimento e da mobilidade de câmera no cinema rosselliniano. Atenção especial é concedida à Viagem à Itália (1954) no segundo capítulo e O Renascimento (1973), no capítulo final. Também são tratados alguns conceitos empregados pelo diretor, como \"microscópio\". No desenvolvimento, observamos como a mobilidade do plano abandona o contato direto com a realidade para se dirigir a um passado histórico reconstituído na artificialidade dos cenários e da encenação. O zoom emerge como recurso de mobilização da visão que explora a informação histórica para extrair dela a abstração do pensamento e da ideia. A conclusão retoma, em tom mais livre e interpretativo, a discussão de Beaubourg. / Beaubourg, Centre d\'art et culture Georges Pompidou (1977), the last film directed by Roberto Rossellini, is the main subject of this master thesis. In the first chapter, I discuss the architectural and institutional concept of the Pompidou Centre. From this context, the study advances towards a detailed analysis of the filmitself, considering whole range of different strategies employed during the filming. Camera mobility is one of its major characteristics, which leads, in the following chapters, to a broader understanding of movement and point of view in relation to filmic image. This discussion is subsidized by a detailed and somewhat auteurist study of two sequences from Journey to Italy (1954), in Chapter 2, and The Age of the Medici (1973) in the final chapter. I also describe some of the director´s unique concepts, such as the \"microscope\" and elaborate on the relations between historical representation and Rossellini\'s employment of zoom and tracking shots. Aiming to encounter the essential image, the director found means of approaching the abstractness of ideas. In the conclusion, an interpretative analysis of Beaubourg is resumed taking into account themes developed in previous chapters.

Esta pesquisa visa o estabelecimento de pontos de contato entre dois escritores franceses do século XX, André Gide e Georges Perec, por meio do estudo de duas obras, Les Faux-monnayeurs e «53 Jours». Nosso objetivo é o de analisar como o último livro de Perec, inserido com toda sua obra no pós-modernismo, reaproveita e lança um olhar crítico sobre alguns elementos da poética gideana concentrados em seu único romance, tais como o papel do leitor e o questionamento da noção de verdade. / The purpose of this research is establishing some points in common between two 20th century\' s French writers, André Gide and Georges Perec, through the study of two of their books, Les Faux-monnayeurs and «53 Jours». We want to analyze how the last Perec\'s work, part of the post modernism aesthetics, uses and thinks critically about some Gide\'s writing elements, all concentrated in the only Gidean novel, like the reader\'s role or the discussion concerning the idea of truth.

Ce travail de recherche traite d’un phénomène culturel marquant de la modernité européenne : le ballet-pantomime. A mi-chemin entre la danse et la pantomime, ce nouveau produit théâtral, qui prétend représenter un récit par le seul concours du geste, se place au centre des réflexions esthétiques sur le théâtre, la peinture, la musique et interroge la relation entre la parole et le corps. Alors qu’il est en plein essor sur les scènes européennes, une controverse éclate entre deux maîtres de ballets le Français Jean-Georges Noverre, et l’Italien Gasparo Angiolini. Se disputant le titre de « réformateur de la danse », Angiolini et Noverre soutiennent des principes esthétiques opposés et leurs divergences font l’objet d’une querelle qui intéressera vivement les villes de Milan et Vienne entre 1773 et 1776. A partir d’une analyse des dramaturgies élaborées par les deux maîtres de ballets rivaux et en prenant en compte leurs modèles culturels respectifs, cette thèse étudie les questionnements esthétiques et sémiotiques soulevées par la polémique et propose de relire la « Querelle des Pantomimes » dans sa dimension sociale en privilégiant deux directions : d’une part elle est interprétée comme un symptôme significatif des relations entre l’Italie et la France, permettant d’examiner ainsi les modalités de dialogue entre ces deux cultures ; d’autre part elle met au jour les termes d’une lutte sociale menée à Milan par les hommes de lettres et elle est envisagée comme un signe du processus de « démocratisation » de la culture que le ballet-pantomime alimente. / This research concerns the emergence of a cultural phenomenon of European modernity: the ballet-pantomime. Between dance and mime, this new theatrical product claims to represent a story done only by gestures and is at the center of the aesthetic reflections on theater, painting, music by inquiring the relationship between word and body. Along its development in the European stages, a controversy broke out between two ballet masters, the French Jean-Georges Noverre and the Italian Gasparo Angiolini. Vying for the title of "reformer of dance," Angiolini and Noverre support opposites aesthetic principles, whose differences are the subject of a literary feud that excites a large interest in Milan and Vienna between 1773 and 1776. Starting from an analysis of dramaturgy developed by the two rivals in masters-ballet and taking into account their cultural patterns, this thesis explores the aesthetics and semiotics issues raised by the controversy and offers a reading of the "Quarrel of Pantomimes" in its social dimension focusing on two directions: on the one hand it is interpreted as a significant symptom of relations between Italy and France and it allows to examine the conditions for dialogue between the two cultures; secondly it manifests the terms of a social struggle that took place in Milan among men of Letters and it is seen as a sign of the process of "democratization" of culture that ballet-pantomime feeds.

A dissertação apresenta um estudo de Beaubourg, Centre d\'art et culture Georges Pompidou (1977), último filme dirigido por Roberto Rossellini. A produção registra o início das atividades da instituição cultural parisiense cuja concepção arquitetônica e conceitual é abordada no primeiro capítulo. Desse contexto, o estudo avança para uma análise detalhada que identifica a variação dos registros adotados pelo filme diante dos espaços e situações apresentados no museu. A mobilidade do ponto de vista se sobressai como uma das características do filme, o que leva, nos próximos capítulos, ao estudo do movimento e da mobilidade de câmera no cinema rosselliniano. Atenção especial é concedida à Viagem à Itália (1954) no segundo capítulo e O Renascimento (1973), no capítulo final. Também são tratados alguns conceitos empregados pelo diretor, como \"microscópio\". No desenvolvimento, observamos como a mobilidade do plano abandona o contato direto com a realidade para se dirigir a um passado histórico reconstituído na artificialidade dos cenários e da encenação. O zoom emerge como recurso de mobilização da visão que explora a informação histórica para extrair dela a abstração do pensamento e da ideia. A conclusão retoma, em tom mais livre e interpretativo, a discussão de Beaubourg. / Beaubourg, Centre d\'art et culture Georges Pompidou (1977), the last film directed by Roberto Rossellini, is the main subject of this master thesis. In the first chapter, I discuss the architectural and institutional concept of the Pompidou Centre. From this context, the study advances towards a detailed analysis of the filmitself, considering whole range of different strategies employed during the filming. Camera mobility is one of its major characteristics, which leads, in the following chapters, to a broader understanding of movement and point of view in relation to filmic image. This discussion is subsidized by a detailed and somewhat auteurist study of two sequences from Journey to Italy (1954), in Chapter 2, and The Age of the Medici (1973) in the final chapter. I also describe some of the director´s unique concepts, such as the \"microscope\" and elaborate on the relations between historical representation and Rossellini\'s employment of zoom and tracking shots. Aiming to encounter the essential image, the director found means of approaching the abstractness of ideas. In the conclusion, an interpretative analysis of Beaubourg is resumed taking into account themes developed in previous chapters.

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-06T16:56:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Malo Maschke_.pdf: 5529936 bytes, checksum: f07e129b2683e621ebb199ec2e8f6715 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T16:56:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Malo Maschke_.pdf: 5529936 bytes, checksum: f07e129b2683e621ebb199ec2e8f6715 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-13 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / O tema dessa dissertação é a imagem extrema no cinema underground. Todavia, não trataremos do underground como um todo e delimitamos nosso corpus aos filmes: War Is Menstrual Envy (1992); A Bitter Message of Hopeless Grief (1988); Dead Man II: Return of the Dead Man (1994); The Loneliest Little Boy in the World (2000) e Extase de Chair Brisée (2005). Entendemos que nosso problema pode ser sintetizado na pergunta: como o extremo está presente no cinema underground? Buscando responder esta questão e apontar quais os elementos dessa imagem extrema duram nesses objetos, articulamos nossa proposta metodológica em três eixos: a escavação de Jusi Parikka (2012), para encontrar os objetos e informações sobre os mesmos; o método intuitivo de Bergson (2006) visando delimitar os virtuais e atuais da pesquisa; e a cartografia como proposto por Suzana Kilpp (2015) e Massimo Canevacci (1997), formando duas constelações onde são analisados os aspectos audiovisuais dos nossos objetos. Para nos aprofundarmos teoricamente no que propomos como imagens extremas nos aproximamos do trabalho do teórico francês Georges Bataille (1929) assim como de autores comentadores como Georges Didi-Huberman (2015), Benjamin Noys (2000) e Eliane Robert Moraes (2002). Ligados ao audiovisual e ao cinema nossa base teórica parte da concepção do audiovisual enquanto uma experiência corpórea e visceral como apresentado por Jusi Parikka (2012), Thomas Elsaesser (2010), Laura Wilson (2015) e Jack Sargeant (2015). Em nossas considerações finais apontamos para a constituição dessa imagem extrema nas potências virtuais da desfiguração e do animalesco, constituindo cada um em sua particularidade, uma imagem extrema tanto no aspecto visual como sonoro. / The theme of this thesis is the extreme image in underground cinema. However, we shall not deal with the underground as a whole, for we are delimiting our corpus to the following movies: War Is Menstrual Envy (1992); A Bitter Message of Hopeless Grief (1988); Dead Man II: Return of the Dead Man (1994); The Loneliest Little Boy in the World (2000), and Extase de Chair Brisée (2005). We understand that our problem may be summarized with this question: how is the extreme present in underground cinema? Looking for an answer for this question, and pointing to which elements of this extreme image are lasting in these objects, we articulate our methodological proposal in three axes: escavation, as in Jusi Parikka (2012), to find the objects and information about them; Henri Bergson's (2006) intuitive method, seeking to outline the virtual and actual of the research; cartography as proposed by Suzana Kilpp (2015), and Massimo Canevacci (1997), forming two constellations where they the audiovisual aspects of our objects are analyzed. As a way to plunge theoretically in what we propose as extreme images, we approach the work of French theoretician, Georges Bataille (1929), and also of commentator authors such as Georges Didi-Huberman (2015), Benjamin Noys (2000), and Eliane Robert Moraes (2002). Our theoretical basis connected to audiovisual and cinema starts with the conception of audiovisual as a corporeal and visceral experience, as presented by Jusi Parikka (2012), Thomas Elsaesser (2010), Laura Wilson (2015), and Jack Sargeant (2015). For our final considerations, we are pointing towards a constitution of such extreme images in virtual disfiguration and beastlike potentials, which constitute, each one with its own particularities, an extreme image both in visual and audible aspects.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T17:27:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Claudio V F Medeiros.pdf: 1799984 bytes, checksum: 5b34a84d20eec5fc0679cffa35962d3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-09-19 / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo / This work aimed to make an analytical experience of Georges Canguilhem s historiography of science, guided by some findings obtained by him in the article Le Vivant et son Milieu (1946-1947). Such article narrates the history of a scientific concept, in other words, the historical composition of the variations of use and meaning which characterize the concept of milieu. This concept inaugurated along its overturns and deviations between the XVII and XIX centuries the possibility of elucidation of an organic reaction by the action of a milieu. In consequence, it s important to elucidate not only the historical fecundity of the concept, but the relationships between the milieu, understood as a historically new category of reasoning, and the individuality of the living being. In the consecution of this research, the initial axis of Canguilhem s narrative will be adopted, which follows the sequence of five works: Principles of Philosophy (1644), by Descartes; Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy (1686) and Opticks (1704), by Newton; Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière (1749-1788), by Buffon and Philosophie Zoologique (1809), by Lamarck. The analysis will be concentrated in the first discontinuities of the concept. In Le Vivant et son Milieu , Canguilhem stretches the frame of his analysis until mid-twentieth. Such deployments of the concept, which go further the XIX century, will not appear in the analysis of this research / A dissertação pretende fazer uma experiência analítica da historiografia das ciências de Georges Canguilhem, norteada por algumas conclusões obtidas pelo pensador no artigo O Vivente e seu Meio (1946-1947). O artigo em questão narra a história de um conceito científico, ou mais precisamente, a composição histórica das variações de uso e sentido que caracterizaram o conceito de meio . Esse conceito inaugurou ao longo de suas reviravoltas e descaminhos entre os séculos XVII e XIX a possibilidade da explicação de uma reação orgânica pela ação de um meio . Estará em jogo, consequentemente, não só a fecundidade histórica do conceito, mas as relações filosóficas entre o meio , entendido como uma categoria historicamente inédita do pensamento, e a individualidade do ser vivo. A dissertação adota o eixo narrativo inicial do artigo de Canguilhem, que recupera a sequência de cinco obras: Princípios de Filosofia (1644), de Descartes; Princípios Matemáticos de Filosofia Natural (1686) e Óptica (1704) de Newton; Histoire Naturelle, générale et particulière (1749-1788), de Buffon; e Philosophie Zoologique (1809), de Lamarck. Em O Vivente e seu Meio , Canguilhem estende seu recorte histórico até meados do século XX. Nossa análise, porém, concentra-se nas primeiras descontinuidades sofridas pelo conceito. Os desdobramentos do conceito posteriores ao início do século XIX não são objeto de análise na presente dissertação

Cette thèse concerne la mise en mots et en action de l'idée socialiste en Roumanie, au tournant du 20e siècle. Elle s'ouvre sur la signature du traité de Berlin (1878), qui consacra l'indépendance de l'État-national roumain, et se reforme, la veille de l'entrée de la Roumanie dans la Grande Guerre (1916). La chronologie retenue se situe dans une période d'expérimentation accélérée de la modernité en Roumanie. Elle inclut par ailleurs le temps d'existence de la Seconde Internationale. La participation des socialistes roumains à cette Internationale depuis son Congrès fondateur inscrit le sujet dans une dynamique transnationale de circulations socialistes de part et d'autre de l'Europe avant la Grande Guerre. Les analyses générales de cette recherche se structurent autour d'une question historiographique transversale : les sources ainsi que les ouvrages secondaires disponibles sur le sujet du socialisme en Roumanie ont été irrémédiablement marqués par une griffe idéologique héritée de la période communiste. La mise en pratique d'une méthode d'approche de ces documents constitue l'un des enjeux majeurs. Sur cette question, les travaux amorcés par l'historien d’origine roumaine, Georges Haupt, ont présenté un apport considérable. Cette recherche en est l’héritière. / This thesis is about the articulation and enactment of the socialist idea in Romania, at the turn of the 20th century. It begins with the signing of the treaty of Berlin (1878) that stipulated the independence of the Romanian nation-state. It ends on the eve of Romania entering the First World War (1916). The chosen time frame captures Romania in a period of an accelerated experimentation of modernity and the formation of the Second International. Romanian socialist's participated al this International since its founding congress. The period covered in this thesis is marked with the transnational dynamic of socialists circulating around Europe prior to the Great War. The overarching analysis of this research is based on a transversal historiographical interrogation. Primary and secondary sources that deal with socialisms in Romania are irredeemably marked by an ideological scar inherited from the communist period. How to work with these documents constitutes one of the major issues at stake in this thesis. Georges Haupt, a historian of Romanian origin, began tackling this question and made a considerable contribution to the research that this thesis picks up on.

L’œuvre de Georges Duby appartient à un moment très précis de l’évolution des études historiques en France, marqué par l’effort de toute une génération d’historiens pour définir les voies par lesquelles les représentations mentales seraient incorporées comme des vrais objets de l’histoire. En nous efforçant de le situer au sein d’un paysage historiographique plus vaste, notre objectif est de montrer que Georges Duby a construit, pendant un quart de siècle, un projet d’histoire sociale qui, centré sur la dialectique entre le matériel et le mental, a fini par s’afficher comme un modèle pour (et comme un plaidoyer en faveur de) l’exploration historienne des réalités immatérielles. Notre analyse est centrée sur le livre Les Trois Ordres ou l’Imaginaire du Féodalisme, qui nous paraît être le couronnement de ce programme d’histoire sociale dont les premières pierres ont été posées, vingt cinq ans plus tôt, à l’occasion de sa thèse sur la société mâconnaise des XIe et XIIe siècles. Nous avons attiré l’attention sur la manière dont, portant sur un objet alors très en vogue au sein des études médiévales (la représentation sociale des « trois ordres »), cet ouvrage a offert à Georges Duby l’occasion de revenir sur plus de vingt ans de controverses entre l’histoire et les sciences voisines, sur les débats autour du pouvoir contraignant des systèmes de représentation et sur l’image que les médiévistes de sa génération avaient héritée de ce qu’aurait été la société que l’on a convenu d’appeler « féodale ». Nous avons montré, enfin, comment ce projet d’une histoire sociale ancrée sur l’étude de l’articulation entre le matériel et le mental a été conçu par Duby comme une manière de réaffirmer plus vigoureusement le rôle central de l’histoire au sein des sciences de l’homme. / The work of Georges Duby belongs to a specific moment of the evolution of the historical studies in France, distinguished by the effort of a whole historian’s generation to define the paths by which the mental representations would be incorporated as true objects of history. Attempting to incorporate it in the scope of a wider historiographical picture, our purpose is to show that Georges Duby raised, during a quarter of century, a project of social history centered in the dialectics between the material and the mental. We argue that this project finally acted as a model (and as a defense plea of) of the historical exploitation of the immaterial realities. Our analyses is focused on the book Les Trois Ordres ou l’Imaginaire du Féodalisme, that we consider the accomplishment of this social history program whose foundations were set in his thesis on society in the Mâconnais in the 11thand 12th centuries, twenty years early. Dedicated to the social model of the three orders, a subject much in vogue at that time, Les Trois Ordres gives to Georges Duby the opportunity to review more than twenty years of dispute concerning the relationship between history and social sciences. He also could revise the debates concerning the constraining power of mental representations and, furthermore, call into question the image his own generation have inherited of the society that we call “feudal”. We will finally show how Duby’s social history, focused on the links between material infrastructure and mental images, intended to reaffirm the central role of history among social sciences.