This study investigates the differences and similarities in implementation of anti-doping policy in Denmark and Iceland. Various anti-doping themes has been chosen to dig deeper into the implementation on policies between the two countries which are related to: Economy, Education, Testing and Investigation, International Cooperation, Fitness and Public Health and Research and Development.  A comparison of the implementation is done where governance and power within anti-doping is analyzed in the countries. The aim is to outline the ways the two countries implement anti-doping policy, analyze how their NADOs are governed as well as how power and interconnections are divided between the stakeholders of anti-doping. Document analysis and a semi structured interview was conducted in order to collect the data needed for the investigation and analysis process. A thematic analysis was developed to be able to gather the most vital and reliable data on the selected anti-doping themes. Additionally, theory on power, interconnections and good governance was implemented to reach towards the purpose of this study. The analysis showed different outcomes in the two countries. Denmark implements the international anti-doping policy to a high degree where they adapt to it in relation to national strategies in sport. Iceland has difficulties in adapting to every anti-doping standard of the international policy and focuses on the ones of most importance to Icelandic sport and society.  The study concluded that both countries implement and comply to the international anti-doping policy by law and have independent NADOs that are responsible for anti-doping nationally. Despite complying to the international law, the implementation differs in the countries which is affected by national prioritization and resources. The main focus of Iceland is education and testing where Denmark is more developed within their NADO and prioritizes every standard to a certain degree. The NADOs are steered by the policies set by WADA and their governments who are running political and corporate governance. Furthermore, the study concluded that the interconnected relationship between the stakeholders of anti-doping is complex and there are often difficulties between the NADOs, the ministries and/or WADA which also involves the power relationship between the stakeholders.

Yes / Endowed with a significant proportion of the world’s petroleum and solid mineral resources, Africa is the location of a vibrant and dynamic extractive industries sector, which today, is its chief economic mainstay. The revenue generated from the extractive industries has been a significant source of finance for public infrastructure development and investments in education, health and the development of other economic sectors across the continent. However, the African extractive industries have faced massive setbacks in recent years, in particular due to the economic disruptions caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, and the global transition to a low carbon economy that has formed a central part of ongoing efforts to respond to the climate change emergency. These challenges have accentuated concerns on the current and future relevance of the African extractive industries in a low-carbon economy world order. This article examines the role played by the African extractive industries in the global energy transition, contextualising these concerns against a continuum of disruption arising as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic and emergent efforts to redress the crisis posed by anthropogenic climate change. If well managed, extractive resources could play a crucial role in advancing energy security and transition in the African continent in the face of these challenges. In addition to its role in addressing current high levels of energy poverty across Africa in this disruptive setting, environmentally-responsible production of extractive resources can help sustain economic and social development across Africa in going forward. This article examines the current opportunities and challenges for cleaner and environmentally-responsible extractive investments in Africa in a low carbon world. It analyses the preconditions and barriers to environmentally-responsible fossil fuels developments in Africa and highlights the key considerations for African policymakers. Its analysis is informed by recognition of, and sensitivity towards, the extreme disruption to fossil fuel governance embodied by the twin concerns of the COVID-19 pandemic and the current “climate emergency.” Through a qualitative analysis, this research has found that if well-managed, African resource-rich countries could utilise the revenues from the extractive industries to invest in low carbon technologies.

Title: Sport as a Public Service: Equity and Efficiency of Local Sport Facilities In the Czech Republic, clubs traditionally played a key role in providing sport facilities. In recent years, the role of local authorities in sport has strengthened. Hence, there have been changes in the management of sport facilities in the context of new trends in public administration and sport participation. The thesis analyzes and evaluates current modes of provision of public sport facilities as the consequence of these changes. The examined issue is narrowed down to the two theoretical concepts - sport equity and efficiency of sport facilities. These are perceived as a part of the performance of sport facilities (see Liu et al., 2009 or Kung and Taylor, 2010). The first part of the thesis aims to test the effect of different forms of management of sports facilities on the sport equity score in the framework of institutional analysis (Houlihan, 2005). On the basis of the original instrument for measuring of sport equity, the survey is carried out. The research sample (N = 193) is made up by the municipalities with extended powers, except for regional cities and Prague. The second part of the thesis has the character of an action research. The author evaluates the application of the NBS: Financial questionnaire...

This master's thesis offers comprehensive perspective of good governance concept in a theoretical level as well as from a practical point of view with emphasis on the Czech Republic. The objective of the thesis is to investigate the theoretical background of the good governance concept and its basic principles, focused on dealing with the concept in the Czech Republic. The work also provides the assessment of the critical points associated with the good governance concept implementation and attempts to provide the possible solutions to eliminate these points. Thirteen research interviews were conducted with the public administration staff members and the leading experts in the field to analyze the current state of good governance in the Czech Republic. Thematic analysis was utilized for this purpose and results have shown that good governance is not broadly applied yet. Besides the apparent issues such as problems with human resources, communication, politicization of public administration, departmentalism or absence of long-term vision, the key obstacle to implementation of the good governance concept in the Czech Republic seems to be low level of cultural and social standards.

Title: Sport as a Public Service: Equity and Efficiency of Local Sport Facilities In the Czech Republic, clubs traditionally played a key role in providing sport facilities. In recent years, the role of local authorities in sport has strengthened. Hence, there have been changes in the management of sport facilities in the context of new trends in public administration and sport participation. The thesis analyzes and evaluates current modes of provision of public sport facilities as the consequence of these changes. The examined issue is narrowed down to the two theoretical concepts - sport equity and efficiency of sport facilities. These are perceived as a part of the performance of sport facilities (see Liu et al., 2009 or Kung and Taylor, 2010). The first part of the thesis aims to test the effect of different forms of management of sports facilities on the sport equity score in the framework of institutional analysis (Houlihan, 2005). On the basis of the original instrument for measuring of sport equity, the survey is carried out. The research sample (N = 193) is made up by the municipalities with extended powers, except for regional cities and Prague. The second part of the thesis has the character of an action research. The author evaluates the application of the NBS: Financial questionnaire...

The study investigated the role of records surveys in the management of public records in Zimbabwe. The goal was to determine how far records surveys were going in enhancing sound records management practices, thereby improving public service delivery, accountability and good governance. Through interviews, questionnaires and document review it was revealed that records surveys were struggling to attain their intended goal of nurturing sound records management practices in public registries. The lack of ideal mission statements, registry manuals, written disaster management plans, vital records protection programmes, adequate records management training, records retention and disposal schedules, top management support, financial constraints and unclear archival legislation were cited as some of the challenges affecting records and information management surveys from nurturing acceptable records management practices. A closer working relationship between the National Archives and public records management units was recommended. / Information Science / M. Inf. (Archival Science)

公共行政近年在外在資訊社會形成，和治理需求發展下面臨巨大的衝擊，民調顯示公民信任政府的程度每況愈下，許多學者主張正視制度效率與效能、更新政府流程、組織與程序再造的呼籲，各國政府也在新一波政府再造運動的推波助瀾下，不斷提出新公共管理的計畫，欲圖藉由政策的落實，提供人民新的治理形象，並達成最終信任政府，發展公民－政府間未來互信、合作的善治願景。 　　然而，新公共管理的理論，是否受制於私部門管理主義的利潤及購買行為之考量而有所侷限？公民信任復是否可與顧客忠誠度等量齊觀？無疑是新公共管理實踐的最大障礙，也有待以實證的角度發展相關研究，選取最適的計畫，驗證公民基礎績效、微觀績效等績效理論假設。 　　就此而言，電子化政府實為一理想的驗證個案，首先，其具有打破微觀以迄鉅視界線的體制，因其可超越平行與垂直單位劃分特質，避免微觀績效受限於以往政府信任是否「鉅視概念」之爭辯；其次，電子化政府的發展，在達成善治的階段性導引下，具有完備轉換行政模式的潛力，甚至形成制度性的替代；再者，電子化政府的服務考量向來是以公民中心為主體設計，其不僅可能從顧客滿意度角度監控其服務達成公民期望，也可以從人民對其回應性的認知了解其問責的能力，並從此二變項與公民信任相連結，建立信任的路徑。 　　是以，研究者針對較常使用我國電子化政府的網路公民，進行「服務品質」、「滿意度」、「回應性」、「公民信任」等認知的調查研究，發現服務品質、滿意度均係影響公民對電子化政府信任的正向要因，說明微觀績效的連結確實存在。而回應性雖亦確受到服務品質的影響，但其與公民信任之間的關係則甚為微弱，在概念上宜再深入討論。 　　基此，研究者認為，現階段電子化政府應重視前開以公民為中心，及契合階段性發展的設計，儲存公民信任，以電子化政府制度化的達成，促成未來真正打破官僚舊作的行政再生。 / In recent years, the high-speed shaping of information society and citizen’s wishing of good governance have made great impact on the governors and researchers of public administration. Public-opinion data showed that citizen’s trust in government dropped dramatically under enormous changes of external environment. For recovering citizen trust, many scholars claimed that the public authorities should pay much attention to make sure the whole system accountable, west governments also created New Public Management (NPM) programs to mold the trustworthy image of country’s administration. The NPM theory, backing up the movement of “Reinventing Government”, borrows a few conceptions from the field of business management. But the research workers still concern whether there existed conflicts of conception between the public and private value. To resolving this question, we have to examine the causality of NPM theory which links government performance and public trust to prove the validity of performance theories in the process of theory application. That is to say, we must know if citizen trust could result from “performance-satisfaction-loyalty” sequence just like the description of business marketing textbook. For the objective of affirming the connection of performance and citizen trust, I chose E-Government policy to be the study target and designed an inter-net investigation to analysis the public’s cognition. By path analysis, a quality research method, I found that the performance factors, including service quality and client satisfaction, indeed influenced citizen trust. Especially, service quality could produce direct and indirect effects on trust in the meantime. But the other independent factor, responsiveness, usually discussed in the political field, could not affect citizen trust. Importantly, this result supported the validity of NPM theory to construct the path of restoring citizen trust by reforming way of electronic governing institution.

Le droit haïtien appartient, de manière formelle, au système de droit écrit. Au lendemain de l'Indépendance, le droit Français va servir de modèle pour Haïti. Depuis lors, cet héritage de la codification n'a pas été repensé. Si en apparence, le droit haïtien succombe ainsi à une sorte de mimétisme juridique, l'existence d'un droit coutumier et informel supplée en fait à la transposition maladroite du modèle Français. Cette modernisation retardée constitue un handicap sérieux à l'avènement d'un État de droit indispensable au développement socio-économique du pays.Cette thèse, conçue comme une sorte de guide dédié à la construction d'un nouveau droit haïtien, vise à jeter les bases permettant d'adapter le « droit officiel », encore souvent imposé et trop fréquemment ineffectif, avec des pratiques sociales efficientes qui jouent un rôle indéniable de régulation de la société.La première partie révèle ainsi qu'en Haïti, la réception du droit Français est intervenue dans sa généralité, sans tenir compte de facteurs sociologiques cependant déterminants. La seconde partie démontre qu'en dépit de l'inadaptation et de l'application incomplète du modèle Français, se dessinent désormais les conditions d'un nouveau modèle juridique. Érigé sur les fondations léguées par l'Histoire, ce nouveau modèle, dont la thèse réunit les premiers linéaments, est le produit de l'association des enseignements de la tradition et des progrès récents de la législation française avec l'apport d'instruments juridiques internationaux ratifiés par Haïti, dans un contexte d'intégration régionale rendue chaque jour plus nécessaire face aux défis de la mondialisation du droit. / Haitian law belongs, formally, to the system of written law. In the aftermath of Independence, the French law will serve as a model for Haiti. Since then, the legacy of the coding has not been redesigned. If seemingly Haitian law succumbs to a kind of legal mimicry, the existence of customary and informal law compensates actually the clumsy transposition of the French model. This delayed modernization is a serious handicap to the advent of the rule of law which is critical to the socio-economic development of the country.This thesis, as a kind of guide dedicated to the construction of a new Haitian law, aims to lay the foundation allowing the adaptation of the "official law" and still often imposed and too often ineffective, with efficient social practices that play an undeniable regulation role in the society.The first part reveals that in Haiti, the reception of the French law has intervened in its generality, regardless of critical sociological factors, that are however important. The second part shows that despite the maladjustment and incomplete application of the French model, the conditions of a new legal model are now emerging. Built on the foundations left by history, this new model, which the thesis meets the first lineaments, is the outcome of the combination of the teachings of tradition and recent progress of the French legislation with the provision of international legal instruments ratified by Haiti in the context of regional integration rendered every day more necessary to considering the challenges of globalization of law.

Philosophy, Practical and Systematic Theology / M.A. Philosophy

<p>This study seeks to assess the level of women&rsquo / s participation and involvement in the promotion of effective governance during the African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM) implementation exercise in 2007, which was endorsed by the APRM Western Cape Province. The interest of the study arises from the concept of &lsquo / good governance&rsquo / and how the implementation of such a concept is carried out in the rendering of public services, specifically the role of women in rendering public service in the Western Cape Province, South Africa.</p>