The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to find out with questionnaire and compare the use of in-line skating in the summer preparation of the ice hockey team on different levels of performance and age. Name of thesis: In-line skating and in-line hockey as training tool for summer training in ice hockey Author: Jakub Šerf Tutor: PaedDr. Ladislav Pokorný Department: Department of physical education and sport Aim of the thesis: Chart and compare the use of in-line skating in the summer preparation of ice hockey teams at different age and performance levels in the Czech Republic. Methodology: Methods used in the thesis are questionnaire and comparison Conclusion: Charting the use of in-line skating in the summer preparation of ice hockey players. Coaches do not often include in-line skating in summer training sessions. They use it more as a complementary activity in the form of in-line hockey than the training of special skills. Key words: In-line skating, in-line hockey, training, summer training, ice hockey

This diploma thesis deals with the possibilities of predicting success in athletes in the short- term, process-oriented goal-setting method using the NEO-FFI inventory. The first part of the thesis describes the five-factor model of personality and the possibilities of its psychodiagnostics' measurement. The second part of the thesis describes the mechanisms of the goal-setting method with rules and procedures for its effective application. The method of goal-setting is then connected in theory as well as research with a five-factor personality model using a correlation study in real conditions. The research sample consisted of 316 performance ice-hockey players aged 15 to 19 years. These players underwent the goal- setting method and the personality traits measurement using NEO-FFI. The strongest predictor of success found using the goal-setting method was the size of the selected goal. Of the personality traits, it was merely a trait extraversion, which, however, provided a relatively weak prediction option.

”BOOOM!”, ”JAAA”, ”Han gräver in pucken”, ”Hugger på en retur”. Ja, så kan det se ut när du besöker en ishockeyförenings twitterkonto under en match. Denna uppsats syfte är att se vilka retoriska strategier som herrishockeyföreningar i SHL, Svenska Hockeyligan, använder i tweets under matcher samt hur detta påverkar kommunikation med deras fans och annan publik. De retoriska begrepp som används för att uppnå syftet är den retoriska situationen, de tre övertygelsemedlen ethos, pathos och logos, troperna metafor, metonymi, synekdoke och ironi samt decorum. Det teoretiska begreppet framing används för att undersöka hur dessa tweets ramar in vissa händelser i återberättandet av matcherna medan vissa händelser stängs ute och hur detta påverkar mottagarna. Resultatet visar att retoriska begrepp används i relativ hög grad bland ishockeyföreningarna som undersökts. Dessutom används ett språk specifikt för ishockey som innebär att föreningarna anpassar sitt språk väl till målgruppen. Det visar också att föreningarna ofta lyfter fram sitt eget lag och att rapporteringen av matchen inte är helt objektiv och att endast det som sticker ut i matchen syns i tweetsen. / ”BOOOM!”, ”YEEES!”, ”He digs the puck into the goal”, ”Chopping on a rebound”. That is how it can look like when you watch an ice hockey club’s twitter account during a game. The purpose of this essay is to see which rhetorical strategies the hockey clubs in the Swedish Hockey League use in their tweets during games and how that affect their communication with the fans and others. The rhetorical tools that is used to achieve the purpose of this essay is the rhetorical situation, ethos, pathos and logos, the tropes. metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche and irony and also the concept decorum. The theoretical concept framing is used to analyze how these tweets frame some events in the reporting of the games while some events is exclused and how that is affect the recipients. The result shows that rhetorical tools is widely used by the hockey clubs in this essay. It also shows that a specific hockey language is used which means that the clubs adjust their langugage to the target group. Further it shows that the clubs in a higher grade tweet about their own team and that the reporting of the game is not entirely objective and only what stands out in the game is tweeted about.

Title: Relation between selected off-ice tests, somatotype and performance in on-ice Illinois Agility tests in junior ice hockey players from Czech elite category. Objective: The aim of this thesis was to verify whether the somatotype and off-ice tests are significant predictors for performance in on-ice agility tests in junior ice hockey players from Czech elite category. Methods: The research sample consisted of 32 junior hockey players (17 defenders and 15 forwards) ̅ = 17.64 ± 1.02 from Czech elite category. The Heath and Carter (1990) method for measuring of somatotype was used. The off-ice tests included Squat Jump, Countermovement Jump, Free Arm Countermovement Jump, Broad Jump, Five-Jump test, Sit and Reach, Pull-ups and off-ice Illinois Agility with (small size) ball. Further, on-ice Illinois Agility with puck and Illinois Agility without puck were used as dependent variables. The differences in performance between defenders and forwards were analysed by Aspin-Welch's two-sample T-test with Effect size (ES) Hedges's g. The degree of significance of the predictors for dependent variables in on- ice agility tests was assessed by multiple regression analysis with significance of model at the level of p<0.05 and ES described as adjusted R2 . Results: Comparison of the results achieved by...

Objectives: The ai m of this diploma thesis is to analy s e goals scored in WJC 2021 and comparison countrie s . The second aim is to detect the biggest demerits of czech hockey from scoring view point w ith the help of this facts and inspire other coaches to more intensive work a greed with wold trend in this topic and the aim to return czech hockey to the best hockey countries group. Methods: The research was carried out by indirect observations 28 matches and 176 scoring situations through video records from WJC 21. The subject of research were 10 teams, that selected 88 scorers. Scoring situations were qualitative analyse. Gained findings have been written down into chart and were quantitative analyse. Results: The outcome of analyse is the most used scoring place Low slot - 0 - 10ft in front of the goal and with the most used location of successfull shot - middle of the goal on the ice or close over the ice creates the most used way to score. From w rist shot - forehand side came the most of goals in WJC 21. Analyse proved demerits o f Czech national team U20 in scoring by tip - in and rebound. The result of analyse also proved demerits of Czech select in power play and short - handed play. Keywords: Ice hockey, WJC 21, shooting, scoring, scoring range, shooting metodology

Why do supporters to ice hockey teams in Sweden engages with their team on Twitter? The Swedish Hockey League season 2020/2021 was different than the previous ones in the league history. The COVID-19 pandemic forced the league to play games without any spectators. This study aims to understand why fans, to the teams who came in 13th and 14th in the league table during the season, engages with the teams Twitter accounts. The study will do that with the help of uses and gratifications theory, agenda setting theory and priming theory. The method used in the study was to check tweets from the teams during a specific time period and code the tweets to get a result and find a conclusion. The result showed that fans to the two teams engages with the teams Twitter accounts when they either win or lose games. The conclusion showed that fan engagement was mostly driven by results.

Sport-related Traumatic Brain injuries (TBI) are a major problem in ice hockey. Reports show that it occurs 160 concussion per 1000 hours of play time and 4.6% of head injuries leads to a concussion in Sweden. A system that can monitor the players in real time and indicate an impact can contribute to better understanding the biomechanical etiology of a concussion. Purpose of this project is to test the ability of a wireless sensor network for monitoring the g-Forces that affect the head of the ice hockey players in real-time. We build a wireless sensor network system called g-Force Monitoring System (GFMS) by implementing a Web Socket connection between the sensor nodes and the server. The sensor measures and transmits the data over the Web Socket protocol to the server and the server registers and allows monitoring of the g-Force values in real-time. We achieved a 6 ms sampling rate by using the g-Force Monitoring System. The system was able to operate during one hour play time without any significant problem. The stored data shows that the GFMS has an ability to indicate impact and its duration over a predefined threshold. The user of the system can monitor the g-Force data in real time or can do analyzes on stored values. The GFMS can deliver valuable indications. If the system can come to existence and be implemented into the ice hockey helmets, by letting medical experts to look at and analyze the g-Force data, it can decrease the diagnosis and recovery time of a concussion. It can help to make the Ice hockey arena to a safer place without having to change the rhythm of the game.

SyfteSyftet med studien är att beskriva vad för olika typer av skatteregleringar det finns att tillgå för utländska spelare vid spel i Sverige. Vidare kommer studien att undersöka vad effekterna har blivit av intåget av expertskatten inom ishockeyn i Sverige. Frågorna som kommer att besvaras i denna studien är följande:Vilka skatteförmåner tillåter inkomstskattelagen (IL) för utländska ishockeyspelare samt i vilken utsträckning har svenska ishockeyklubbar kunnat dra nytta utav expertskatten när det kommer till utländska spelarrekryteringar? Vilka för- respektive nackdelar har tillämpningen av skattelättnader av utländska ishockeyspelare resulterat i inom ishockeysverige? MetodI denna studien har det tillämpats två olika metoder. Den första är den kvalitativa metoden som har använts framförallt vid intervjuerna som gjordes, men också vid insamling av empiri i böcker och tidskrifter som är relevanta för ämnet. Den andra metoden, är den juridiska metoden även kallad rättsdogmatisk metod. Denna del användes när vi studerade lagar och rättsfall. Det har även använts ett antal olika domar som vi ansåg spelade stor roll för ämnet vi valt. Analys och diskussionFördelarna som kom när expertskatten infördes i Sverige var verkligen en förändring för hela idrottsvärlden. Från 2012 och framåt kunde nu utländska spelare komma till Sverige för att spela ishockey till väldigt fördelaktiga skattereduceringar som svenska spelare inte kunde nyttja. Expertskatten som kom 2012, var nu öppen för fler personkategorier än bara forskare som den ursprungligen skapades för. Professionella idrottare var en av personkategorierna som kunde använda den, och det var inte enbart spelaren själv som tjänade på den. Laget som anställde spelaren i fråga fick också ta del av den skattereducerade anställningen. Slutsatsen har blivit att utländska spelare nu kan komma till Sverige för att spela ishockey till mer fördelaktiga skattesatser. Detta har lett till att fler har valt att komma hit för spel i Sverige vilket i sin tur har lett till att SHL blivit en både starkare och mer attraktiv marknad inom ishockeyn. / AimThe aim with this study is to firstly describe what types of taxes and benefits there are that import players can take advantage of when coming to Sweden to play ice hockey. Furthermore, the study is also aiming to clarify the effects that the application of expert tax has on the ice hockey in Sweden. The questions that we are going to answer are:What tax benefits allows within the Inkomstskattelagen (IL) for import players and to what extension have the Swedish ice hockey clubs been able to benefit from the expert tax when it comes to contract import players to Sweden?What advantages and disadvantages has the application of tax reductions of import players in Sweden resulted in for the Swedish ice hockey organizations?MethodWe have used two different types of methods for this study. First of all, we used a qualitative method when it came to interviews and the empirical study of previously written studies and books that were relevant for this study. The second method is the method of law that we have used when it comes to studying and understanding the many layers of the different laws. We have also included a few legal cases that we find highly interesting for the outcome of this study. Analysis and discussionThe benefits that came when the expert tax entered the Swedish market were really a game changer. From 2012 and forward an import player could come to Sweden and play ice hockey with a tax reduction that Swedish players weren’t allowed to use. The expert tax that came in 2012, was now open for more than just scientists that the law was from the beginning created for. Professional athletes were one of the groups of people that could use it, and not only did the player themselves earn money by using this reduction. The team that hired the players was also allowed to benefit from the tax reduction. The conclusion of this is that more import players now comes to Sweden for a reduced tax benefit. This leads to many more import players that are aiming to come to Sweden and that in return leads to the SHL now becoming even more powerful and attractive in the market of ice hockey.

Historiskt sett har forskning fokuserat på de fysiska förmågorna inom idrott. På senare tid har forskare dock börjat att intressera sig mer för de kognitiva aspekterna inom idrott, framför allt inom lagsport. En idrott som spelas i ett högt tempo och möjligtvis ställer krav på kognitiva förmågor och uppmärksamhetsfunktion är ishockey. Frågan är därför om ishockeyspelare har kognitiva egenskaper som skiljer sig från personer i allmänhet?  Denna studie undersökte de exekutiva funktionerna hos ishockeyspelare och jämförde resultaten mot ett urval ur normalpopulationen. De exekutiva funktioner som undersöktes i denna studie var impulskontroll, kognitiv flexibilitet, och uppdatering av arbetsminne. Deltagarna delades in i två grupper. Den ena gruppen bestod av 18 ishockeyspelare på olika nivåer, 12 kvinnor och 6 män, med en medelålder på 23,4 år (SD=4,46). Den andra gruppen vilken representerades normalpopulationen bestod av 22 individer, 9 kvinnor och 13 män, med en medelålder på 25,5 år (SD=3,99). [DS1] [KS2] Samtliga deltagare fick besvara en enkät med bakgrundsfrågor samt genomföra totalt fem kognitiva tester. Testerna som genomfördes var ett Flanker test, ett Local-Global test, ett 3-back test, samt två hockeymodifierade versioner av Flanker och 3-back. Först genomfördes deskriptiva analyser, sedan en Pearson korrelationsanalys och till sist envägs-ANOVAs. Resultaten visade inte på någon signifikant skillnad mellan ishockeyspelare och övriga deltagare i något av de kognitiva testen. Resultaten från denna studie tyder därför på att det inte finns någon skillnad mellan ishockeyspelare och normalpopulationen i impulskontroll, kognitiv flexibilitet och arbetsminne. Framtida studier bör undersöka om det finns andra kognitiva förmågor än de som undersöktes i denna studie som särskiljer hockeyspelare från personer i allmänhet, samt om sportslig nivå eller spelarens position kan spela en roll. / Historically, science has mainly focused on physical abilities in sports. However, in recent years researchers have started to focus also on cognitive abilities, especially within team sports. One sport which is played in a fast pace and which potentially can be demanding for cognitive and attentional abilities is ice hockey. It begs the question, does ice hockey players have cognitive abilities that differ from people in general? This study investigated executive functions among hockey players and compared them to the results of the normal population. The executive functions investigated were inhibition, cognitive flexibility, and updating of working memory. Participants were divided into two groups. One group consisted of 18 ice hockey players at different professional levels, 12 women and 6 men, with an average age of 23,4 years (SD=4,46). The other group that represented the normal population consisted of 22 individuals, 9 women and 13 men, with an average age of 25,5 years (SD=3,99).[DS1] [KS2]  All participants answered a survey containing background questions and conducted five cognitive tests. The cognitive tests were Flanker, Local-Global, 3-back and lastly two hockey modified versions of the Flanker and 3-back test. First, descriptive analyses were conducted, secondly Pearson correlations, and lastly one-way ANOVAs. Result showed no significant difference between hockey players and the normal population on any of the cognitive tests. Therefore, results from this study suggests that there are no differences between ice hockey players and the normal population in inhibition, cognitive flexibility and working memory. Future studies should investigate if there are other cognitive abilities than those included in this study that differentiate hockey players from the normal population, and investigate if level of expertise and the players position may play a role.

Syfte: Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka hur kravbild, upplevd inre kontroll samt ledningens stöd inverkar på de egna stressorerna, det vill säga känslan av stress, hos elitishockeyspelare.  Metod: I studien har vi använt oss av en semistrukturerad intervjuteknik. Åtta kvalitativa intervjuer genomfördes med personer som spelar eller har spelat ishockey på elitnivå i Sverige och som på något vis pratat om sin mentala hälsa offentligt.  Resultat och slutsats: Resultaten visar att hockeyspelare som utsätts för höga krav, låg beslutsfrihet och lågt stöd arbetar i en spänd arbetsmiljö där psykisk ohälsa uppstår. Kraven ställs främst från jaget men även vissa yttre faktorer. Spelare upplever låg kontroll på grund av låg beslutsfrihet, skador samt tränare och andra intressenter de själva inte kan påverka. Stödet upplevs olika men en slutsats som dras är att det finns behov av mer utbildning inom ämnet mental hälsa för intressenterna inom sport management. Resultaten visar också att det finns ett stigma inom ishockeykulturen när det gäller psykisk ohälsa. Denna stigmatiska tystnadskultur är något ledare inom sport management behöver motarbeta för att kunna främja den mentala hälsan.  Examensarbetets bidrag: Studien har bidragit till en ökad förståelse för hur arbetsuppgifter, kravställningar, upplevd kontroll och stöd kan uppenbara sig inom sport management. Det behövs fler organisatoriska åtgärder som utbildning, samarbeten och riktlinjer för att behandla ämnet och skapa en förståelse för att den mentala hälsan bör behandlas med lika stor vikt som de fysiska skadorna inom elitorganisationer.  Förslag till fortsatta studier: Implementering av modellen i en jämförelse mellan sportorganisationer samt mellan andra länder. Jämföra dam- och herrspelare. Kompletterande studier kring ishockeyspelares hälsa, där man utgår från en annan modell. / Aim: The aim of our bachelor thesis is to investigate how demands, perceived internal control and management’s support affect the own stressors, i.e. the feeling of stress in elite hockey players.  Method: In the study we used a semi-structured interview technique. Eight qualitative interviews were conducted with players who play or played at an elite level and in some way spoke about their mental health in public. The selection was limited to SHL, Allsvenskan, Hockeyettan and SDHL.  Results and conclusions: The results shows that hockey players, who are exposed to high demands, low opportunity for decision making and low support, has a strained work environment where mental illness occurs. The demands derive mostly from within but also from the surroundings. Low work-control derive from not being able to affect decisions, influence others decision-making and from injuries. The opinion about support differs in the study, but a conclusion is that there is a need for better education within sport management, regarding mental health. The results also show a stigma in the hockey culture, talking about mental illness. The problem with stigma is something for the leaders within sport management to work against, if they want to promote the mental health.  Contribution of the thesis: An increased understanding of how tasks, demands, perceived control and support can appear in sport management. More organizational measures are needed to treat mental health e.g., education, collaborations, and guidelines for dealing with the subject. The mental health should be treated with equal importance as physical health.  Suggestions for future research: Implementation of the model in a comparison between sport organizations, and between sport organizations in different countries. A comparison between female and male players. Supplementary studies to investigate the mental health of ice hockey players, where a different model is used.