Starting a business requires careful preparation to succeed. The failure of a business is often potentially detrimental to an efficient market economy. An understanding of how to start a business and why some companies succeed is crucial to the stability and health of the economy. The purpose of the study is to examine the entrepreneurs' experiences of how to start their own company and what makes a company successful. The study is based on a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews as design. Targeted selection was chosen in the study with a total of five respondents participating in the survey in Västerås. Data were analyzed by a manifest content analysis. The results show five important categories that have a significant effect on how to start a successful business. The categories were "Motivation", "Business idea", "Quality", "Knowledge" and "Business plan". According to entrepreneurs' experience, these five categories play a significant role in succeeding and overcoming challenges that may arise along the way. The conclusions are to facilitate the process of how to start your own business, it is important to consider the five categories to succeed and increase the chance of success.

This thesis studies different conceptions of knowledge as they were conceived by George Berkeley and Immanuel Kant. In the first chapter we concentrate on Berkeley's pragmatic interpretation of knowledge which is based on the localization of the non-predicative judgements into the inner structure of perception. As the result there is such knowledge which is by human being used to identification of conditions for the formation of particular combinations of ideas and also to their more or less exact prognosis. We concentrate also on Berkeley's attempt to avoid "ontological" or "absolute" interpretations of "traditional concepts of metaphysics" as ,substance', an absolute existence of non-egoistic matterial being etc. In the second chapter of this thesis we are trying to study in which way is the idea of knowledge being transformed, in case that the starting point for interpretation of knowledge is, according to Kant, descriptive analysis of synthetic judgements a priori, whose proposition is the synthesis of subject and predicate. We will show that Kant contributed to the new understanding of metaphysics as transcendental research possibility of knowledge, and how were thanks to that meanings and status of subject and object transformed. We will make in the third and closing chapter complete...

Low teacher morale and high attrition rates can be attributed in part to educational policy changes and instructional decisions made by individuals who are not connected to the classroom. Time constraints, logistical struggles of getting a critical mass of teachers together, and the geography of rural Iowa schools all play a role in teachers' inability to form a unified voice. The Voices Ideas Vision Action (VIVA) Idea Exchange-?¢ is an online process that combines crowd-sourcing methods with individual engagement strategies over a 6- to 8-week period. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact the VIVA program has on teachers' perceptions of their role within the educational system, specifically in the areas of morale, leadership, and ownership of school policy. The literature revealed when teachers were not involved in the process, they became disenfranchised, attrition rates rose, and student learning was impacted. The theoretical framework of positive administrative engagement was the basis for the research. Using a qualitative approach, individual interviews were conducted with 10 participants to determine the effectiveness of the VIVA with regard to participants' views on their ownership in school policy reform. Interview data were transcribed and coded for emergent themes and patterns. Analysis of data revealed 5 themes: (a) program format, (b) teachers' role in policy development, (c) improved communication needs, (d) VIVA as a proactive tool, and (e) moving forward with VIVA. This study may empower teachers earlier in their careers, which may result in lower attrition rates and a higher level of teacher buy-in to the policies and procedures instilled by local and state government. Implications are that the online VIVA exchange can build morale by positively engaging classroom teachers and infusing their voices in policy-making.

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This thesis examined why an actor in the labor market, namely Volvo Cars, promotes parental leave. Previous research has shown that workplace-related factors are important for parents' use of parental leave. The purpose of this thesis was thus to highlight how actors in the labor market have the ability to influence the use of parental leave and, by extension, the development of gender equality. This thesis utilized an explanatory analysis of two policy documents and an information film about the Family Bond and three interviews with employees at Volvo Cars. The results showed that one of the reasons why Volvo Cars introduced the "Family Bond" is the company's desire to create equal opportunities for all. "Family Bond" is thus also part of Volvo Cars' inclusive approach in the sense that the company recognizes that parenting and family constellations can look different. A second reason for the implementation is Volvo Cars' aim to contribute to equal parenting. In addition, Volvo Cars believes that paid parental leave, by enabling the company to recruit and retain more women in the company, leads to more diversified perspectives which in turn drives innovation, creativity, improves productivity and the company's operations. A fourth reason for the introduction of the "Family Bond", which is also the most prominent, is that this parental leave policy is part of the entire Volvo Cars corporate culture, which is centered around the human being and the family.

I deal with translations of the idea of person-centred care in this paper. The idea has spread, and it is seen as the contemporary solution to national and international healthcare issues. Scandinavian neo-institutionalism focuses on alteration through processing of ideas regarding context and variation between organisations. That makes the process of translating ideas important. Although there are many Swedish literature written about person-centred care, there are few studies that have examined practice and perceived reality. The purpose of this paper is to gain knowledge about how person-centred care is perceived and translated from words to actions in an organisation that has adopted the concept. The theoretical framework has been grounded in translation, which begins with an understanding of how ideas or concepts can be reproduced, from words to actions. The methodology for handling translations of person-centred care is based on a social construction perspective, combined with phenomenology and this combination of perspectives might lead to gaining a deeper understanding of person-centred care. I use hermeneutic method to analyse and interpret the statements or the story told by my selected actors. The result shows that among the respondents, person-centred care is something desirable, appealing, and necessary to do. On an overall level, the idea remains the same, while when it lands on the unit level and must be interpreted in practical action, the focus ends up on different things based on the respondents' different everyday lives. Translation as a phenomenon leads to the idea being interpreted and used in different and varying ways by different individuals and different entities. This has resulted to the idea being spread through actors who had an interest in it.

Internal ideation refers to getting the employees of a company to generate ideas for improvements and business development. Innovative companies have been working to capture their employees' creativity when it comes to innovation. In many cases, a company that is considered innovative depends on the employee's drive to continually improve and expand the company's offering. How to succeed in motivating and engaging employees at the company to create internal ideation proves to be difficult to tell. At the same time, what factors influence internal ideation and are their inter-relationships between the factors and their influence on the ideation. This study aims to answer these questions. This study consists of both qualitative and quantitative studies. A review of previous literature and six external interviews were conducted to identify the factors that influence internal ideation. The external interviews targeted companies that design idea management systems and companies that work with them. A case study was conducted at Bengt Dahlgren to understand how the various factors influence to ideation performance. The case study was performed through interviews and a survey. This study resulted in a framework describing factors influencing internal idea generation and their inter-relationships. The most important factors for internal idea generation were: Clear Vision, Resources, Responsibility, Access to Information, Communication, Interaction Arena, Culture, and Motivation. A regression analysis revealed the inter-relationships between these factors and their impact on various innovation performances. The investigation included three variables for innovation performance, the company's culture, the employees' ideation effort, and the quantity of ideas submitted. In this study, a recommendation was made for Bengt Dahlgren to utilize the factors to increase their internal idea generation. / Intern idégenerering innebär att få de anställda på ett företag att generera idéer för förbättringar och företagsutveckling. I åratal har innovativa företag arbetat med att fånga sina anställdas kreativitet när det kommer till innovation. Om ett företag anses innovativt kan det i många fall bero på det anställdas driv att ständigt förbättra och utöka företagets erbjudande. Att lyckas motivera och engagera de anställda på företaget för att förverkliga en intern idégenerering visar sig vara en svår fråga att besvara. Samtidigt vilka faktorer påverkar intern idégenerering samt vad är relationen mellan dessa faktorer och deras påverkan på idégenereringen. I detta examensarbete kommer dessa frågor att besvaras. Denna studie har utgjorts av både kvalitativ och kvantitativa studier. För att identifiera de faktorer som påverkar idégenereringen gjordes en recension av tidigare litteratur och sex externa intervjuer. Intervjuerna riktade sig mot företag som designar innovations plattformar samt företag som arbetar med dem. För att förstå hur de olika faktorerna är relaterade genomfördes en fallstudie vid Bengt Dahlgren. Fallstudien genomfördes genom intervjuer och en enkätundersökning. Denna studie resulterade i ett ramverk som beskrev faktorer som påverkade den interna idégenerationen och deras interrelationer. De viktigaste faktorerna för intern idégenerering var: Tydlig Vision, Resurser, Ansvarsroller, Tillgång till Information, Kommunikation, Interaktionsarena, Motivation och Kultur En regressionsanalys visade samband mellan dessa faktorer och deras påverkan på olika variabler som påverkar ett företag innovation förmåga. Undersökningen inkluderade tre variabler för innovation förmågan: företagets kultur, de anställdas ansträngning för att komma med idéer och antalet inlämnade idéer per person. Denna studie utvecklade också en rekommendation för Bengt Dahlgren hur dem ska använda faktorerna för att öka deras interna idégenerering.

This thesis studies different conceptions of knowledge as they were conceived by George Berkeley and Immanuel Kant. In the first chapter we concentrate on Berkeley's pragmatic interpretation of knowledge which is based on the localization of the non-predicative judgements into the inner structure of perception. As the result there is such knowledge which is by human being used to identification of conditions for the formation of particular combinations of ideas and also to their more or less exact prognosis. We concentrate also on Berkeley's attempt to avoid "ontological" or "absolute" interpretations of "traditional concepts of metaphysics" as ,substance', an absolute existence of non-egoistic matterial being etc. In the second chapter of this thesis we are trying to study in which way is the idea of knowledge being transformed, in case that the starting point for interpretation of knowledge is, according to Kant, descriptive analysis of synthetic judgements a priori, whose proposition is the synthesis of subject and predicate. We will show that Kant contributed to the new understanding of metaphysics as transcendental research possibility of knowledge, and how were thanks to that meanings and status of subject and object transformed. We will make in the third and closing chapter complete...

La noción de idea en Descartes es uno de los términos trasversales en el conjunto de su obra y muestra una nueva consideración al respecto de lo anímico y de su relación con lo material. Procurar negar el rol fundamental de las ideas cartesianas nos dejaría sin la capacidad de comprender una de las obras más importantes de este autor, en la cual nos centraremos en el presente trabajo: Meditaciones metafísicas. La noción de “idea”, que recibe un tratamiento detallado recién en la tercera de las meditaciones, nos sirve como elemento fundamental para la comprensión del conjunto del texto, al punto que incluso las dudas escépticas de la primera meditación pueden ser vistas como el despliegue de un camino hacia el descubrimiento del terreno del cogito, región de una clase de los entes puramente espirituales, que son las ideas

This essay aims to find out how the five values of liberalism view the law on secret room wiretapping and the law on secret wiretapping of electronic communications. The method used to achieve the purpose of the study is an idea analysis in descriptive and explanatory form. When processing the material, two dimensions have been formulated in the form of analysis tools: integrity and legitimacy. The study's questions are as follows: How do the five values of liberalism view the laws regarding secret interception of electronic communications and secret room interception, and are the laws considered to be or not accepted by liberalism. The conclusion could be drawn that all five values believe that the laws can be applied as their purpose is to protect citizens, society, and the state from those who are not considered law-abiding. Despite their freedom and integrity being curtailed, the laws must be used to ensure that the majority´s safety, integrity, freedom, and rights are protected.