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The objectives of this study were to provide a detailed biopsychosocial description of the characteristics of a sample of 100 individuals screened and referred by the National Responsible Gaming Programme helpline for their outpatient treatment programme over an eighteen month period, and, importantly, to measure the success of this specific treatment programme at set intervals, up to a one year follow-up period. While 80% of the sample did not relapse during the six-week treatment programme, the number of treatment seekers without any gambling relapses during each follow-up period declined, and those falling back into gambling increased as time went on. After one year 47% of treatment seekers managed not to revert back to gambling – total abstinence. A further 28% reported having relapsed once or twice or that their gambling was controlled. 25% of treatment seekers reported that they reverted back to gambling fulltime which leaves the success rate of the treatment at 75%. Treatment seekers reported an overall reduction in gambling participation, debt and expenditure and an overall improvement in social and vocational functioning. There is evidence in this study to support the perspective that pathological gambling is a multidimensional disorder and that certain sub-groups of gamblers have distinct gambling behaviour. / Psychology / M.Soc.Sc.

L’étude dont nous présentons ici les résultats a pour objet l’étudiant non natif confronté au cours magistral. Cette étude s’intègre dans l’axe II de la section Adis-langues du laboratoire ICAR II. L’étude s’appuie sur l’hypothèse que la complexité du fonctionnement du cours magistral entraîne des difficultés de compréhension orale et de prise de notes chez les étudiants non natifs qui ont une maîtrise incertaine de la langue française.Nous avons travaillé sur des extraits d’enregistrements vidéo de cours de droit que nous avons analysé en nous inspirant des présupposées théoriques de l’école française de l’analyse du discours. Plusieurs autres concepts ont servi d’outils pour appréhender le fonctionnement du cours magistral. Nous avons notamment été longuement éclairée par les études menées au sein du groupe Interactions et Apprentissage des langues dans sa composante Analyses de discours didactiques et nous nous sommes servie de leur modèle pour identifier et étiqueter les différents paramètres de complexité du cours magistral. Pour mesurer la compréhension orale de ces paramètres, nous avons adopté une démarche expérimentale pas aussi sophistiquée que l’exige la méthode expérimentale proprement dite, pour des raisons heuristiques. Nous avons proposé aux étudiants natifs et non natifs des tests de compréhension orale à travers la prise de notes et d’autres questions orales et écrites.Les résultats obtenus révèlent des cas de maîtrise de la langue et des moments plus délicats où pour des raisons diverses la compréhension orale et la prise de notes sont rendues difficiles. Ces résultats ont permis de valider l’hypothèse de départ. Nous avons à partir de là ébauché un dispositif compensatoire des problèmes identifiés, puis nous avons formulé des perspectives pour des études plus approfondies à l’avenir. / The study we present here the results has for object the non-native student face up to oral comprehension and taking notes challenges during lectures in law. This study is part of the axis II section of Adis-language laboratory ICAR II. The study is based on the assumption that the complexity of the functioning or of lectures in law leads to difficulties in listening and note-taking in non-native students who have an uncertain command of French. The data from which we have worked consist of excerpts from videotapes of law courses. We analyzed these recordings according to theoretical presuppositions of the French school of discourse analysis. Several other concepts developed by other schools and other researchers have been used tools for understanding the functioning of the lectures. We were also informed by extensive studies on the lectures conducted in the group Interactions and Language Learning in its component Analysis of didactic speeches.We used the model of listening to lectures theorized by this research group to define the term listening. This model allowed us to identify and label the different complexity parameters of lectures. To measure oral comprehension of these parameters, we adopted an experimental approach. We have developed an experimental design not as sophisticated as required by the experimental method itself, for heuristic reasons. The experimental protocol is based on a set of excerpts of recordings from which we offered to native students and nonnative students listening tests through taking notes and other written and oral questions. The results reveal cases of language proficiency and delicate moments where for various reasons, listening and taking notes are complicated. These results validate the starting hypothesis. We have sketched from here a compensatory mechanism of identified problems, and then we have made perspective for further studies in the future.

This Thesis deal with problems in Czech land registry, which started after year 1945. In thesis are described four exemples, which are formed by many reasons. First example deal with problems of dual registration in Land books and Land tables. Second example is focused on situation after 1948 and subsequent changes in the ownership of land. Third example deal with problems which are formed in 1964 when had founded new property registry. The last example deal with promblems which are formed in changes of state boundary. And diferences between states land registry. Thesis is focused on description of problems and outline solutions.

The dissertation focuses on the parental attitudes about education of their children during transition from pre-primary to primary education. The study focused on families without identified socio-economic disadvantage whose children were not enrolled in kindergarten. The research design was a longitudinal multiple case study of seven families located in the Liberec region. Data was gathered at multiple points during the children's transition from the kindergarten to primary school. The study focused on the reasons that led parents gave for deciding that their children would either participate in non-regular pre-primary education within nursery schools or not attend the pre-primary classes at all. The study inquired about: parents' general attitudes about pre-primary education; their views on the right educational path for their children; and their self-reported approach to their children's overall development. The study also examined the parents' feelings about the introduction of an obligatory pre-school year and their process of making the enrollment decisions. The results showed that although these families did have some common characteristics, the reasons given for opting not let their children attend preschool, were diverse. Mothers of these children were passionate about doing what's best...

Short summary: Background: High cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease is partly due to mineral dysbalance, microinflammation and oxidative stress. CKD patients accumulate traditional and non-traditional CV risk factors. FGF23, MMPs and PlGF belong among these non-traditional biomarkers of CV risk. FGF23 is a phosphaturic hormone and inhibitor of calcitriol synthesis. It is associated with vascular calcifications. Matrix-metalloproteinases (e.g. MMP-2, MMP-9) are proteolytic, proinflammatory enzymes, contributing to myocardial remodelation. Placental growth factor (PlGF) is a proangiogenic cytokine that is associated with LV hypertrophy in animal model. Plasmatic FGF23, MMPs and PlGF are elevated in CKD. Aim: We aimed to describe dynamic changes between several novel biomarkers of CV risk (FGF23, MMP-2, MMP-9 and PlGF) in CKD stages 1-5, to describe their mutual correlations and possible association with traditional CV risk markers. We studied possible association of laboratory and echocardiographic parameters in patients with CKD stages 2-4. Methods: In a cross-sectional study we evaluated 80 patiens with CKD 1-5 and 44 healthy controls. In a prospective study we evaluated echocardiographic and laboratory parameters in 62 patients with CKD 2-4 for an average study period of 36±10...

Short summary: Background: High cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic kidney disease is partly due to mineral dysbalance, microinflammation and oxidative stress. CKD patients accumulate traditional and non-traditional CV risk factors. FGF23, MMPs and PlGF belong among these non-traditional biomarkers of CV risk. FGF23 is a phosphaturic hormone and inhibitor of calcitriol synthesis. It is associated with vascular calcifications. Matrix-metalloproteinases (e.g. MMP-2, MMP-9) are proteolytic, proinflammatory enzymes, contributing to myocardial remodelation. Placental growth factor (PlGF) is a proangiogenic cytokine that is associated with LV hypertrophy in animal model. Plasmatic FGF23, MMPs and PlGF are elevated in CKD. Aim: We aimed to describe dynamic changes between several novel biomarkers of CV risk (FGF23, MMP-2, MMP-9 and PlGF) in CKD stages 1-5, to describe their mutual correlations and possible association with traditional CV risk markers. We studied possible association of laboratory and echocardiographic parameters in patients with CKD stages 2-4. Methods: In a cross-sectional study we evaluated 80 patiens with CKD 1-5 and 44 healthy controls. In a prospective study we evaluated echocardiographic and laboratory parameters in 62 patients with CKD 2-4 for an average study period of 36±10...

Les sutures crâniennes ont été régulièrement étudiées au fil des siècles puisque déjà Vésale établissait une relation entre l’âge et la synostose suturale. Leur imprécision a quelque peu confiné l’observation de ces sutures dans un certain oubli, justifié en partie. Il est clair que leur fiabilité quant à l’estimation de l’âge au décès reste discutable et ce, pour diverses raisons. Leur observation est difficile et dès lors sujette à subjectivité dans l’appréciation de leurs stades de fusion. De plus, leur apparence sur le crâne sec peut être altérée par divers artéfacts de conservation (cire, vernis…). Outre l’observation des classiques sutures ectocrâniennes de voûte et l’utilisation des méthodes habituelles en la matière (méthode de Acsádi et Nemeskéri, méthode de Masset), nous avons orienté notre étude vers des sutures peu voire pas exploitées, à savoir les sutures palatines, les sutures fronto-naso-maxillaires et les sutures de l’os zygomatique. Ces trois groupes suturaux ont la particularité d’évoluer de manière très lente vers la fusion, à tel point que peu d’individus en présentent une oblitération complète. Face au vieillissement de la population et de par notre expérience médico-légale et anthropologique d’étude de pièces osseuses de personnes âgées, nous avons estimé qu’il était utile de se pencher sur des collections particulières de sujets d’âge avancé, afin d’apprécier l’évolution morphologique de ces sutures faciales. Si certaines personnes fort âgées gardent malgré tout des caractéristiques suturales peu évoluées, il existe dans l’ensemble, une progression suturale quasiment constante en fonction de l’âge. Nous avons tenté de la cerner, en attribuant à ces sutures, des degrés bien définis de cette progressive fusion et par là, l’aboutissement à un coefficient moyen d’oblitération suturale, se traduisant aisément en pourcentage d’oblitération ou pouvant être introduit dans des équations de régression. Tout en connaissant les limites de cette approche, nous pouvons estimer qu’elle peut rendre des services lors de l’étude de restes humains squelettisés, notamment s’ils appartiennent à des personnes fort âgées, dès lors qu’à ces stades de vieillissement, peu de méthodes restent encore applicables. D’autre part, l’approche en pourcentage d’oblitération suturale rend également des services lorsque les crânes étudiés sont fragmentés. C’est la situation que nous rencontrons actuellement lors de l’étude d’une très importante collection anthropologique à l’Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Cette observation suturale pourra également – à l’avenir – trouver un terrain d’approche fort utile par l’étude des sutures en CT-Scan ou en micro-CT. Enfin, grâce à ces techniques modernes d’imagerie médicale, les sutures trouvent un regain d’intérêt dans une application toute particulière, qui est celle de l’identification comparative, puisqu’il apparaît que le « dessin sutural » s’avère tout à fait propre à chaque individu.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are major public health problems. It is important to be able to identify those at high risk of adverse outcome, CKD progression and associated cardiovascular disease. The aim of the thesis was to study novel promising biomarkers, their relationship to kidney function, chronic inflammation and/or cardiovascular risk - placental growth factor (PlGF), pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE), calcium binding protein S100A12 or extracellular newly identified RAGE binding protein (EN-RAGE), and high mobility group box protein-1 (HMGB-1) in patients with renal diseases including CKD, haemodialysis (HD), AKI patients, and healthy controls for comparison. First study revealed that PlGF is elevated in patients with decreased renal function. Second study demonstrated the association of MMP-2 and PAPP-A with proteinuria in patients with CKD. Moreover, serum MMP-2, MMP-9 and PAPP-A levels significantly differed in patients with various nephropathies. EN-RAGE levels are not elevated in patients with CKD, but are related to inflammatory status. PAPP-A, EN-RAGE and HMGB-1 levels are significantly elevated, but sRAGE and PlGF...