La presente investigación tiene el objetivo de describir las habilidades creativas evidenciadas en problemas de matemática de adición, sustracción y multiplicación creados por estudiantes de 3er grado de primaria en una Institución Educativa Particular ubicada en el distrito de Jesús María. Se analizaron los problemas creados en el marco de tres tipos de situaciones: situación estructurada, situación semiestructurada y situación libre. Para ello, primero se identificaron los elementos fundamentales de los problemas de matemática. Así, se examinó si los problemas contaban con información, contexto, requerimiento y entorno matemático. En segundo lugar, se examinaron las habilidades creativas a partir de los elementos que componen los problemas de matemática. Se analizaron la flexibilidad, fluidez, originalidad y claridad. Como resultado del análisis se concluye que los problemas de los estudiantes cuentan con información, contexto, requerimiento y entorno matemático. Se encuentra que se cumplen algunos ítem de la habilidad creativa de la flexibilidad y la claridad al crear los problemas. Se han encontrado también algunos problemas originales dentro de la muestra, específicamente en los problemas elaborados a partir de una situación libre. / The present research paper aims to describe the creative abilities in mathematics problems of addition, subtraction and multiplication in students of 3rd grade of primary school in a Particular Educational Institution in the district of Jesús María. The problems were analyzed within the framework of three types of situations: structured situation, semi-structured situation and free situation. To do this, first the fundamental elements of mathematical problems were identified: information, context, requirement and mathematical environment. After that, creative skills were examined from the elements that make up the problems of mathematics: flexibility, fluency, originality and clarity. As a result of the analysis, it is concluded that the problems included information, context, requirement and mathematical environment. Furthermore, the problems showed items of flexibility and clarity in the creation of problems. Original problems have been found, specifically in the problems that were elaborated from a free situation.

El proyecto que se va a desarrollar consta de un edificio de 17 pisos destinado a vivienda ubicado en el distrito de Jesús María. El principal beneficio de este proyecto es que incorpora criterios de sostenibilidad en el diseño y clasifica al nuevo bono Mivivienda Verde, lo cual se traduce en un ahorro para el usuario además de hacer el proyecto más estable. Por otro lado, la ubicación es privilegiada, pues está cerca de universidades, hospitales, centros comerciales, supermercados, parques entre otros lugares de recreación que hacen al proyecto más atractivo. Está dirigido a familias, estudiantes, personas independientes e inversionistas; por ello se cuenta con productos de tres, dos y un dormitorio con la mejor distribución siempre pensada en el cliente. / Tesis

[EN] Joan de Borja i Castro (1533-1606) was one of the culturally and politically active members of the Iberian nobility in the second half of the sixteenth century. The son of Saint Francis of Borgia, he was Philip II's Ambassador in Portugal and the Holy Roman Empire, as well as Empress Maria's mayordomo mayor. Music occupied a central role in Borja's life. This thesis studies his musical activities, notably his patronage of specific works, and identifies the international networks in which he participated. The collection of music books and instruments inventoried after his death lies at the heart of this study and, complemented with new research in Spanish archives, reveals an unusually detailed profile of a major music patron of the sixteenth century. / [ES] Joan de Borja y Castro (1533-1606) fue un de los miembros cultural y políticamente más destacados entre la nobleza hispánica en la segunda mitad del siglo XVI. Hijo de San Francisco de Borja, fue embajador de Felipe II en Portugal y Alemania y mayordomo mayor de la emperatriz María. La música estuvo presente durante toda su vida. Esta tesis estudia las actividades musicales de Borja, el patrocinio de obras y las redes clientelares internacionales donde figura como una persona clave en el mundo ibérico de su tiempo. La colección de libros de música e instrumentos, inventariada a su muerte, permite profundizar en esta investigación y mostrar un perfil de un mecenas poco habitual en las postrimerías del siglo XVI. / [CA] Joan de Borja i Castro (1533-1606) va ser un dels membres culturalment i política més destacats entre la noblesa hispànica a la segona meitat del segle XVI. Fill de sant Francesc de Borja, va ser ambaixador de Felip II a Portugal i a Alemanya y majordom major de l'emperadriu Maria. La música va estar present durant tota la seua vida. Aquesta tesi estudia les activitats musicals de Borja, els patrocinis d'obres i les xarxes clientelars internacionals on figura com una persona clau al món ibèric del seu temps. La col·lecció de llibres de música i instruments, inventariada a la seua mort, permeten aprofundir en aquesta investigació i mostrar el perfil d'un mecenes musical poc habitual a les darreries del segle XVI. / Escrivà Llorca, F. (2015). ERUDITIO, PIETAS ET HONOR: JOAN DE BORJA I LA MÚSICA DEL SEU TEMPS (1533 - 1606) [Tesis doctoral]. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/51022

This dissertation examines the Catholic Church’s response to the mid-nineteenth century Mexican liberal Reforma through a study of the life and work of Bishop Clemente de Jesús Munguía (1810-1868), one of the most influential yet least-known ecclesiastical intellectuals of the period. A lawyer by profession, Clemente Munguía was first professor and then rector of the Morelia diocesan seminary, where he undertook a major reform of the school’s curriculum and also composed several textbooks on a variety of subjects, including grammar, literature, rhetoric, philosophy, theology, and law. Appointed Bishop of Michoacán in October 1850, Munguía distinguished himself for his staunch opposition to the state’s encroachment on the Church, as well as for his insistence on the need for religious intolerance in what he imagined as an “exclusively Catholic” nation. His protests against the 1857 Constitution and the liberal legislation enacted by President Ignacio Comonfort were a key factor in the outbreak of the Civil War of the Reform (1858-1860) and the subsequent French intervention (1862-1867), which resulted in the separation of Church and state and the collapse of Mexican conservatism. Unlike previous studies, this dissertation argues that Bishop Munguía’s opposition to the Reforma derived not from a blind “reactionary” intransigence, but instead from his desire to emancipate the Church from the subordinate status it had under the colonial ancien régime. Far from the stereotype of a backward and parochial intellectual, Munguía was a sophisticated scholar who sought to reconcile Catholicism with the larger currents of thought of the Atlantic Republic of letters. Indeed, he believed that the liberal revolution should be countered “with its own weapons,” a conviction which first led him to frame the defense of ecclesiastical prerogatives in the language of modern natural law, and then to claim for the Church the very power of constitutional interpretation. Although Munguía’s ideal of a “Catholic republic” became unfeasible after the liberals’ final victory in 1867, his efforts at consolidating ecclesiastical independence paved the way for both the Romanization and the social activism that characterized the Mexican Church during the latter half of the nineteenth century. / text

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Submitted by Cleide Dantas (cleidedantas@ufpa.br) on 2014-07-15T12:36:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_CartografiaMoventePostura.pdf: 26458735 bytes, checksum: 9a27bfe32feb49d39ae44a35b5b1a351 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Rosa Silva (arosa@ufpa.br) on 2014-08-25T15:01:48Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_CartografiaMoventePostura.pdf: 26458735 bytes, checksum: 9a27bfe32feb49d39ae44a35b5b1a351 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-25T15:01:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Dissertacao_CartografiaMoventePostura.pdf: 26458735 bytes, checksum: 9a27bfe32feb49d39ae44a35b5b1a351 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Nesta dissertação, proponho uma discussão sobre o que denomino de cartografia movente, que é resultado de diversas articulações traçadas nos caminhos e recaminhos que estabeleci ao "mergulhar" na obra de Jesús Martín-Barbero em busca de marcas de sua trajetória de pesquisa-vida e da chamada "cartografia que se move". Ao longo desse enfrentamento, que se deu em diálogo com autores como Edgar Morin, observei que a cartografia movente se apresenta como postura de pesquisa-vida, em que o investigador se permite afetar pelo que estuda, revelando as diferentes faces de uma ciência diurna e noturna, a partir da qual se é pesquisador integralmente e aquilo que o constitui socioculturalmente integra a investigação e conduz seus caminhos. Como elemento central para as discussões sobre cartografia movente estão algumas situações chave que experienciei em cenários empíricos específicos do estado do Pará e que delinearam minha formação acadêmica antes mesmo do ingresso na Pós-Graduação. No exercício de ser pesquisadora e parte da pesquisa, comento os desafios e singularidades que delineiam os cenários empíricos da região, em especial a partir do conceito de cidadesflorestas observado por Pacheco (2006), um dos exemplos que percebo como realidades comunicacionais (logo, socioculturais), por entender, a partir de autores da área da comunicação, como Vera França e José Luiz Braga, que a comunicação se constitui como a força que dá liga ao social, aquilo que conecta as pessoas culturalmente. Assim, também demarco meu posicionamento frente à discussão epistemológica da área da Comunicação, que chama a atenção dos pesquisadores para a importância de estabelecer um “ângulo especial para olhar a sociedade”, o que, por sua vez, não inviabiliza a cartografia movente e sim delimita seu ângulo de entrada. Nesse sentido, o trabalho se aproxima da discussão do que seria investigar o objeto de estudo da comunicação e qual a contribuição da nossa área para a compreensão das realidades comunicacionais (logo, socioculturais) que observamos na paisagem movente da Amazônia. / In this dissertation, however, we propose a discussion of what we call moving cartography, that is a result of several articulations traced in the ways and reways that we establish in the dialogue with life and work of Jesús Martín-Barbero and his perspective of "cartography that moves". The moving cartography presents itself as a posture of research, in which the investigator allows himself to affect by what he studies, revealing the different faces of a diurnal and nocturnal science, from what he is a researcher integrally and that what constitutes him as sociocultural integrates the research and drives his ways. As a central element for discussions about moving cartography are some key situations that I experienced in specific empirical sceneries of the state of Pará and that delineated my academic formation even before the entrance in the Post-Graduation. In the work of being a researcher and researched, I commented on the challenges and singularities that delineate the empirical sceneries of the region, especially from the concept of forest-cities observed by Pacheco (2006), one of the examples that I dare to identify by communicational realities (therefore, sociocultural), by understand, from authors of the communication area, such as Vera França and José Luiz Braga, that the communication is constituted as a strength which gives league to the social, what connects people culturally. So, also demarcate my position concerning the epistemological discussion of the Communication area, which calls the attention of the researchers to the importance of establishing a “special angle to look at the society”, what, on the other hand, does not invalidate the moving cartography and yes it delimitates its angle of entrance. In this sense, the work approximates of the discussion of what would be to investigate the study object of the communication and what the contribution of our area is for the comprehension of communicational realities (therefore, sociocultural) that we observe in the moving landscape from Amazon.

Se hace una propuesta de diseño del Centro de Atención del Adulto Mayor de Jesús María, que genera espacios interiores, luminosos y amplios, integrando el entorno. Esto último con la incorporación de la naturaleza como estrategia visual para generar sensación de tranquilidad y calidez en los ambientes. Por el deterioro propio de la salud debido al avance de la edad, se propone la implementación de ambientes que cuenten con texturas y tonalidades en los ingresos a las aulas. También se incluirán revestimientos seguros; puertas automáticas; fluidez para el tránsito de los adultos mayores, sin barreras arquitectónicas; iluminación natural y artificial; y accesos inclusivos. Además de la introducción y los anexos, al principio y al final, respectivamente; esta propuesta se desarrolla en cuatro capítulos. En el Capítulo 1 se describe la realidad problemática del adulto mayor, sus características, limitaciones y la infraestructura dispuesta para este sector de la población; mientras que en el Capítulo 2 se desarrollan los marcos referenciales y teóricos de este proyecto. Por otro lado, las estrategias de diseño se presentan en el Capítulo 3; y en el Capítulo 4 se describe la programación arquitectónica. En el Capítulo 5 se exponen las conclusiones y aportes generales de la propuesta; y la sección de referencias se consigna los autores y bibliografía revisada. / In this thesis project, a design proposal is made of the Elderly Care Center of Jesús María, which generates interior spaces, bright and large, integrating the environment. This latter, with the incorporation of nature as a visual strategy to generate a sense of tranquility and warmth in the rooms. Due to the deterioration of health by to the advance of age of persons, it is proposed to implement environments that have textures and color tonalities in the entrance of rooms. Safe coating will also be included; automatic doors; fluidity for the transit of the persons, without architectural barriers; natural and artificial lighting; and inclusive accesses. In addition to the introduction and the annexes, at the beginning and at the end, respectively; this proposal is developed in four chapters. Chapter 1 describes the problematic reality of the elderly, its characteristics, limitations and the infrastructure available for this sector of the population; while in Chapter 2 the referential and theoretical frameworks of this project are developed. On the other hand, design strategies are presented in Chapter 3; and in Chapter 4 the architectural programming is described. Finally, the Chapter 5 presents the conclusions and general contributions of this proposal; and the references section are consigned the authors and the revised bibliography. / Tesis

La tesis doctoral pretende mostrar el sistema administrativo que se generó después de la expulsión de los jesuitas en 1767 para la gestión de sus propiedades. Asimismo, recoge la normativa contemplada para la aplicación de las propiedades que no debían salir a la venta, junto con las aplicaciones que se dieron a los principales colegios de la actual comunidad valenciana (Valencia, Alicante, Orihuela, Onteniente, Gandía, Segorbe y Torrente). / Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, beca predoctoral FPU referencia 2004-4990.

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The present article studies the case of the black donada Ursula de Jesus (Lima, 1604-1666), whose exceptional religiosity was described by a Franciscan friar and nun, both anonymous. She spent the greater part of her life inside the convent of Santa Clara, which she entered as the slave of a nun of the black veil. Later she obtained her liberty and, supported by certain nuns, entered as a donada. She went on to write a Spiritual Diary in which she described her everyday life in the convent and the vicissitudes of her spirituality. While we know of other Afro-descendants who were recognized for their piety, we know them only through the dominant discourse that shaped their individual experiences to make them fit the models of Western sanctity. In this case, it is the opposite: the Spiritual Diary allows us to hear the voice of an Afro-descended woman. Through an analysis of the Spiritual Diary, written between 1650 and 1661 and published in Lima in 2004, this article studies the identity that Ursula de Jesus constructs in her text, which reinterprets the reigning Catholic dogma and constructs a Black mystical spirituality. / El presente artículo estudia el caso de la donada negra Úrsula de Jesús (Lima, 1604-1666), cuya excepcional religiosidad ha sido retratada por un franciscano y una clarisa anónimos. Ella vivió la mayor parte de su vida al interior del monasterio de Santa Clara, al cual ingresó como esclava de una monja de velo negro. Posteriormente, consiguió su libertad y, apoyada por algunas monjas, profesó como donada y, además, escribió un Diario Espiritual en el que contó su vida cotidiana en el monasterio y las vicisitudes de su espiritualidad. Si bien se tiene conocimiento de otros afrodescendientes que fueron reconocidos por su piedad católica, solo los conocemos a través del discurso dominante que moldeó sus particulares experiencias espirituales para hacerlas calzar con los modelos de santidad occidentales. En este caso, sucede lo contrario: el Diario Espiritual nos permite oír la voz de una mujer afrodescendiente. Por ello, por medio del análisis de su Diario Espiritual, escrito entre 1650 y 1661, y publicado en Lima en el 2004, este artículo estudiará la identidad que construye Úrsula de Jesús en su texto, la cual reinterpreta el dogma católico imperante y construye una espiritualidad mística negra.