Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa e à Inovação Tecnológica do Estado de Sergipe - FAPITEC/SE / Introduction: Martial art is an activity practiced for millennia and in recent years is growing in Brazil, due to the media's own publicity regarding the positive results in relation to the physical and mental health gain in its practitioners. Among the different types of martial arts we have Kung Fu and his Eagle Claw style in the traditional training situation and post-workout recovery Objective: To analyze the active recovery, with the cryotherapy, evaluating the muscular damage, peak of torque and fatigue in Kung Fu practitioners. Methods: The study sample consisted of 16 males, aged between 18 and 39 years old, graduated with training time of at least 1 year continuous and with experience in competition in this year of practice. All were submitted to the traditional training simulations, but only 8 of the 16 individuals were submitted to the cryotherapeutic treatment with the immersion in ice water, the simulations were carried out at an appropriate training site and the body recovery in a 2000 liter capacity pool. Venous blood collection was performed for the analysis of muscle damage indicators, before, after, 24 and 48 hours after the training, as well as the collection of thermographic images for thermal asymmetric skin temperature analysis. Results: The results presented on muscle power in the lower limbs showed a significant difference after the cold water recovery method in relation to the damage, with squat jump 48h after and the Counter Moviment Jump after 24h and 48h. Regarding muscle damage, the LDH and AST indicators showed a significant improvement after 24 hours in cryotherapy. In the thermography, the asymmetry demonstrated the skin temperature comparing individuals submitted to recovery treatment and those who did not, and the active group had the best results 24h and 48h after. Conclusion: The cryotherapy method promotes improvement in the power in the lower limbs reducing muscle damage mainly after 24 hours serving as an alternative procedure in the recovery and prevention of injuries in Kung Fu practitioners. / Introdução: A arte marcial é uma atividade praticada a milênios e nos últimos anos bastante crescente no Brasil, devido a divulgação da própria mídia quanto os resultados positivos em relação ao ganho de saúde física e mental em seus praticantes. Dentre os diferentes tipos de artes marciais temos o Kung Fu e seu estilo Garra de Águia na situação de treino tradicional e recuperação pós treino Objetivo: Analisar a recuperação ativa, com a crioterapia , avaliando o dano muscular, pico de torque e fadiga em praticantes de Kung Fu. Métodos: A amostra do estudo foi composta por 16 indivíduos do sexo masculino, com idade entre 18 e 39 anos, praticantes graduados com tempo de treino de pelo menos 1 ano continuo e com experiência em competição neste ano de prática. Todos foram submetidos as simulações de treino tradicional, mas somente 8 dos 16 indivíduos foram para o tratamento crioterápico com a imersão em água gelada, realizado as simulações em local apropriado de treino e a recuperação corporal em piscina montável com capacidade de 2000 litros. Foi realizada coleta de sangue venoso para análise dos indicadores de dano muscular, antes, após, 24 e 48 horas após a realização do treino, bem como a coleta de imagens termográficas para análise de temperatura da pele de assimetria térmica. Resultados: Os resultados apresentados sobre potência muscular, em membros inferiores houve diferença significativa após o método de recuperação em água fria em relação ao dano, com squat jump 48h após e o Counter Moviment Jump após 24h e 48h. No que se refere a dano muscular os indicadores LDH e AST houve uma melhora significativa após 24h na crioterapia. Na termografia, a assimetria demonstrou a temperatura da pele comparando indivíduos submetidos ao tratamento de recuperação e aos que não efetuaram, tendo o grupo ativo os melhores resultados 24h e 48h após. Conclusão: O método de crioterapia promove melhora na potência em membros inferiores reduzindo o dano muscular principalmente após 24h servindo como procedimento alternativo na recuperação e prevenção de lesões nos praticantes de Kung Fu. / São Cristóvão, SE

The Bronze Age in Middle Sweden is characterized by several key sites and monuments which have been interpreted by previous research to play an overarching role in the elite ruling system in the Mälar Valley region. King Björn’s mound (a.k.a. the Håga mound) and the hillfort Predikstolen represent one of these complexes and has been referred to as a central hub for trading between the south and east as well as a central meeting point for alliance networks throughout the Mälar Valley region. The ritual importance of the site has been particularly relevant to discussions around the mound and accompanying cult house, Hågakyrkan, since the excavation of the mound in 1902-3 by Oscar Almgren. The investigation of the mound’s central cairn dated the monument to the Bronze Age Period IV, and resulted in the discovery of one of the most spectacular burials in Sweden, including gold and bronze artefacts indicative of connections with south Scandinavia, particularly Denmark, and a ritual role typified by Kristian Kristiansen’s institutional divisions of elites based on artefact assemblages. To understand how Håga and other Bronze Age sites have attained the label of ‘ritual’ places in the landscape, a discussion is included on previous research which has defined the parameters of sacred versus profane activity utilizing theories on identity as demonstrated through material expression explored by Kristian Kristiansen (1987, 2011) and Susanne Thedéen (2004). This thesis also utilizes the ritual practice theory defined by Catherine Bell (2009) to identify the repetitive traditions which define cultic practice during the Bronze Age in Middle Sweden in order to understand the unique phenomenon of Håga as compared to other sites in the Mälar Valley region: two sites with established cultic complexes (Broby and Skeke), and two sites characterized by industrial bronze production (Apalle and Hallunda). These sites were additionally chosen based on their position along a north-south inlet system which directly connected Lake Mälaren from the eastern Baltic sea to south Scandinavia and north-western Europe. A comparative analysis of the relevant features and finds of each site as well as a brief overview of the evidence of conflict in southern Scandinavia and Europe are used to contextualize the role Håga served leading up to and following construction of the Håga mound. The delimitations and potential uses of the results are included in the discussion / Bronsåldern i Mellansverige kännetecknas av några nyckelplatser och monument vilka tidigare har tolkats av forskare att ha spelat en övergripande roll för hövdingadömet i Mälardalsområdet. Kung Björns hög (s.k. Hågahögen) och fornborgen Predikstolen utgör ett av dessa komplex och har kallats ett regionalt nav för handel mellan söder och öster, samt en central mötesplats för alliansnätverk i hela Mälardalen. Den rituella vikten har också påpekats som relevant till diskussionen kring Hågahögen och närliggande kulthuset Hågakyrkan sedan undersökningen ledd av Oscar Almgren år 1902-3. Undersökningen av högens centralrösen har daterat monumenten till bronsåldern Period IV och resulterade i upptäckande av en av de mest spektakulära begravningarna i Sverige, vilket inkluderade guld och bronsartefakter som ger indikationer på kopplingar till Sydskandinavien, speciellt Danmark, och den rituella rollen representerat av Kristian Kristiansens institutionella uppdelningar av eliter baserad på artefaktgrupper. För att förstå hur Håga och andra bronsåldersfornlämningar har märkts som ‘rituella’ platser i landskapet, diskuteras tidigare forskning som har definierat begränsningarna av sakral jämfört profan aktivitet med hjälp av teorier om identitet baserad på materiella uttryck utforskat av Kristian Kristiansen (1987, 2011) och Susanne Thedéen (2004). Uppsatsen använder sig också av rituellpraktiksteori eller s.k. ‘ritual practice theory’ definierad av Catherine Bell (2009) för att identifiera återkommande traditionerna som exemplifierar kultpraxis under bronsåldern i Mellansverige, för att kunna förstå den unika karaktär Håga har jämfört andra fornlämningar i Mälardalen: två fornlämningar med etablerade kultkomplex (Broby och Skeke) och två kännetecknade av industriell bronsproduktion (Apalle och Hallunda). De fornlämningar som har valts ut för jämförelse har också baserats på deras position längst det nord-sydliga vattenledssystemet som direkt kopplar Mälaren från Östersjön till Sydskandinavien och nordvästra Europa. En jämförande analys av relevanta anläggningar och fynd från varje fornlämning plus en kort översikt av bevisen för konflikt i Sydskandinavien och Europa används för att kontextualisera Hågas roll innan och efter byggandet av Hågahögen. Begränsningar och potentiella användingsområden av resultaten inkluderas i diskussionen.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Nesta dissertação é apresentado um estudo sobre a recuperação de sinais modelados por somas ponderadas de exponenciais complexas. Para tal, são introduzidos conceitos elementares em teoria de sinais e sistemas, em particular, os sistemas lineares invariantes no tempo, SLITs, que podem ser representados matematicamente por equações diferenciais, ou equações de diferenças, para sinais analógicos ou digitais, respectivamente. Equações deste tipo apresentam como solução somas ponderadas de exponenciais complexas, e assim fica estabelecida a relação entre os sistemas de tipo SLIT e o modelo em estudo. Além disso, são apresentadas duas combinações de métodos utilizadas na recuperação dos parâmetros dos sinais: métodos de Prony e mínimos quadrados, e métodos de Kung e mínimos quadrados, onde os métodos de Prony e Kung recuperam os expoentes das exponenciais e o método dos mínimos quadrados recupera os coeficientes lineares do modelo. Finalmente, são realizadas cinco simulações de recuperação de sinais, sendo a última, uma aplicação na área de modelos de qualidade de água. / A study on the recovery of signals modeled by weighted sums of complex exponentials complex is presented. For this, basic concepts of signals and systems theory are introduced. In particular, the linear time invariant systems (LTI Systems) are considered, which can be mathematically represented by differential equations or difference equations, respectively, for analog or digital signals. The solution of these types of equations is given by a weighted sum of complex exponentials, so the relationship between the LTI Systems and the model of study is established. Furthermore, two combinations of methods are used to recover the parameters of the signals: Prony and least squares methods, and Kung and least squares methods, where Prony and Kung methods are used to recover the exponents of the exponentials and the least square method is used to recover the linear coefficients of the model. Finally, five simulations are performed for the recovery of signals, the last one being an application in the area of water quality models.

Fundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro / Nesta dissertação é apresentado um estudo sobre a recuperação de sinais modelados por somas ponderadas de exponenciais complexas. Para tal, são introduzidos conceitos elementares em teoria de sinais e sistemas, em particular, os sistemas lineares invariantes no tempo, SLITs, que podem ser representados matematicamente por equações diferenciais, ou equações de diferenças, para sinais analógicos ou digitais, respectivamente. Equações deste tipo apresentam como solução somas ponderadas de exponenciais complexas, e assim fica estabelecida a relação entre os sistemas de tipo SLIT e o modelo em estudo. Além disso, são apresentadas duas combinações de métodos utilizadas na recuperação dos parâmetros dos sinais: métodos de Prony e mínimos quadrados, e métodos de Kung e mínimos quadrados, onde os métodos de Prony e Kung recuperam os expoentes das exponenciais e o método dos mínimos quadrados recupera os coeficientes lineares do modelo. Finalmente, são realizadas cinco simulações de recuperação de sinais, sendo a última, uma aplicação na área de modelos de qualidade de água. / A study on the recovery of signals modeled by weighted sums of complex exponentials complex is presented. For this, basic concepts of signals and systems theory are introduced. In particular, the linear time invariant systems (LTI Systems) are considered, which can be mathematically represented by differential equations or difference equations, respectively, for analog or digital signals. The solution of these types of equations is given by a weighted sum of complex exponentials, so the relationship between the LTI Systems and the model of study is established. Furthermore, two combinations of methods are used to recover the parameters of the signals: Prony and least squares methods, and Kung and least squares methods, where Prony and Kung methods are used to recover the exponents of the exponentials and the least square method is used to recover the linear coefficients of the model. Finally, five simulations are performed for the recovery of signals, the last one being an application in the area of water quality models.

This thesis explores the societal implications of Gustav III’s national costume in the context of Swedish court society during the late eighteenth century. With the aims of uncovering King Gustav III’s view of the National Costume and its role in Swedish court society, as well as how we can understand the National Costume’s meaning for the aristocracy in late eighteenth-century Sweden, this thesis presents a post-structural textual analysis of Gustav III’s (1806) REFLEXIONER, angående en ny nationel klädedrägt (Reflections concerning a new national costume) in order to uncover King Gustav III’s perception of and ideology behind the national costume. This is then juxtaposed with a similar analysis of a chapter from Hedvig Elisabeth Charlotta’s (1902) journal, representing an aristocratic counter-perspective. This thesis presents a previously unexplored sociological perspective in studying Gustav III’s National Costume. Departing from Norbert Elias’ work around the court society, arguments are made for the interpretation of the National Costume as an instrument in court ceremonial, at the king’s disposal, holding the potential to create a distance in power between the Swedish court nobility and the monarchy. Furthermore, it is argued that the National Costume represents an oppressive force to the Swedish court nobility as a social class.

No description available.

This paper, on the identities shown in one of the cameos in Empress Josephine’s pearl and cameo diadem, has first of all focused on the mythological characters, and thereafter raised the question if these are to be seen as an allegory for people from the time. The process of identi-fication has followed the three levels in Panofsky’s method for analysing art, where the first and second levels consist of already known material from the Bernadotte Library, Royal Palace in Stockholm and the jeweller house of Chaumet (former Nitot et Fils) in Paris.                      To decipher both the mythological individuals and the possible allegories, that is the third level, the iconology itself, the thoughts and methods of  Göran Hermerén on the rise and fall of allegories along with Leora Auslander’s solutions using visuals comparisons, when no written material is available, have provided the academic framework for the study.                                When comparing the cameo with pieces of art from the time, the subject fits the description of the Roman mythology’s love goddess Venus and her son Cupid, the lovechild fathered by Mars. Moving on to allegories, well-known material shows that Emperor Napoleon was keen to be portrayed as the god of war Mars and Empress Josephine as Venus.  A portrait of special interest to the study, a rather private painting by Parent from 1807, which is probably still unknown to most people, shows how Josephine is depicted with a recently deceased grandchild, a young boy how was also the nephew of Napoleon’s, a close relative to them both, and in the line of  succession to the throne, while Napoleon still was Emperor. This picture has an expression which is close to the one of Venus and Cupid, and it is also made to look like a cameo. These portraits were known at the time when Napoleon gave the diadem to Josephine in 1809.                                                       Among portraits from the Napoleonic era, there has earlier only been one known painting, even if in two examples, where the diadem is shown. It is a miniature of Empress Josephine, a work from her final period at Malmaison, 1814. However, another miniature picturing the daughter Hortense in the very same piece of jewellery, from 1812, has now become known. In both these examples, the depicted cameo has a hight measuring only millimetres, why a discussion on the execution and the rendering has to be done with restraint. But in the daughter´s portrait there is a certain attempt to show the outlines of the central cameo that differs from the later painting of the Empress. This may be an indication of how much more important it was for the daughter to relay the picture of her mother and the memory of her son, in 1812, than it was for Josephine in 1814, after the divorce, probably after the fall of Napoleon too, when she was no longer his Venus, and there was no longer a throne for any of her grandsons to inherit.         Therefore, in short, the chosen methods give the answer that the mythology depicted is a scene of Venus and her son Cupid, and the allegorical interpretation of Venus is the Empress herself. The child in shape of Cupid here, may well be read as one of her daughter’s sons, at the time a much longed-for heir to the throne of Napoleon I.