Este trabalho trata do pensamento social conservador na modernidade brasileira contemporânea. O texto parte de uma análise da bibliografia consagrada sobre conservadorismo, modernidade contemporânea e brasileira, analisando suas categorias fundamentais e colocando-as em contraste com uma análise empírica do pensamento social de um grupo de indivíduos conservadores imersos na modernidade brasileira: o movimento escoteiro no Brasil. As conclusões indicam que o fenômeno do pensamento conservador brasileiro segue uma lógica própria, de um conservadorismo progressista, distinto daquele encontrado em outros países europeus e anglo-saxônicos. / This dissertation deals with the conservative social thought in contemporary Brazilian modernity. The text begins with a review of the literature devoted about conservatism and contemporary Brazilian modernity, analyzing its key categories and contrasting to an empirical analysis of social thought in a conservative group immersed in Brazilian modernity: the boy scout movement in Brazil. The conclusions indicate that the phenomenon of conservative thought in Brazil follows its own logic: a \"progressive conservatism\" as distinct from that one found in other European and Anglo-Saxon countries.

<p>Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur den senmoderna människans åsikter yttrar siggällande utbildning, arbete, fritidssysselsättning, resor, konsumtion och tro. Vidare vill jag undersöka ifall informanterna och deras åsikter kan kopplas samman med Mary Douglas teorier om kulturella typer och hur det yttrar sig. Jag vill även analysera om de är klassificerbara som David Brooks nyligen introducerade typ, BoBos. Slutligen vill jag undersöka huruvida mina informanter är typiska för dagens senmoderna samhälle.</p><p>Den slutsats jag kom fram till var att informanterna är typiska för dagens senmoderna samhälle och att har de karaktäristiska drag som med fördel kan hänvisas till BoBos. De är individualistiska, relativistiska och delvis paradoxala, vilket också är tydligt i deras åsikter om hur de själva kan kategoriseras som grupp.</p> / <p>The purpose of this study is to examine how the late modern man's opinions manifest themselves with regards to education, work, leisure, travel, consumption and faith. Furthermore, I examine whether the informants and their views may be linked to Mary Douglas's cultural theory of cultural types. I also want to analyze whether they are classifiable as David Brooks` recently introduced type, BoBos. Finally, I examine whether my informantsare typical of today's late modern society.</p><p>The conclusion I came to was that the informants are typical of today's late modern society and that they usefully can be referred to as BoBos. They are individualistic, relativistic and partly paradoxical, which is apparent in their views of themselves as being classifiable as a group.</p>

The aim of this thesis has been to explore the role of institutional religion in western Europe between individual and society. This is achieved through an empirical study of the role of the Church of England at local level, using the area of social welfare as the prism through which broader issues of the place of the Church in society can be brought to light. At the heart of this thesis lies a case study of the town of Darlington in the North East of England. This is set against a background of a detailed description of the situation regarding religion and welfare in England and of the organisation and situation of the Church at national level. The case study uses a variety of qualitative methods to assess the Church's role in welfare at local level and the expectations and perceptions of its involvement in this sphere held by representatives of the churches, local authorities, voluntary organisations and town residents. The role of the Church of England in its national and local context is therefore used as one example which can shed light on issues pertinent to a broader European one. To this end the results of the case study are compared with the situation in Sweden to tease out the extent to which conclusions pertaining to the established church in England can also be applied in a wider European context. The study concludes that the Church has a continued role to play in welfare both in terms of practical provision and social activism. It reveals that the Church is, at one and the same time, both seen as one of many organisations in civil society and also perceived to have a particular part to play in society at local level. This continuing though changing role 'in-between' individual and society can be further specified as including three dimensions: mediator, neutral ground and critical voice. This suggests that a distinct role in society is also possible for other religious institutions in Europe today within their national contexts, as representatives and upholders of overarching common values in the public sphere. It indicates that although the relationships between individuals and institutional religion and the role religions have to play in society today are ambiguous, they are by no means absent. Thereby the study engages with and contributes to the development of the theoretical debate concerning social change in late modern society, the continued role of institutional religions in the public sphere and the relevance of the secularisation paradigm. / Impact of Religion

Due to a recent increase in usage of the concept of intimacy within social scientific research, the overarching aim of this work is to investigate its meaning and significance in contemporary social life. The first part of the thesis reviews research on intimacy. Intimacy is perceived as being vaguely defined as a concept, leading to insufficient discussions concerning the significance of intimacy both as a social concept and as a social phenomenon in contemporary western society. In order to become more clearly defined as a social concept to use in future research, intimacy needs to be investigated as a social phenomenon. The second part explores and analyses intimacy as a social phenomenon by way of three partly phenomenological and partly theoretical analyses: the phenomenology of intimacy, the arithmetic of intimacy and the dark sides of intimacy. The three analyses result in a definition of intimacy understood as a kind of sociality, or mode of social being, characterized by an oceanic experience, mutual and complete directedness between the ones being in relation, an experience of mental as well as physical closeness, and an experience of time as “durée”. The third part discusses the proposed definition of intimacy as sociality in relation to contemporary social theory. In relation to an understanding of contemporary western society as late modern or radicalized modern, intimacy as sociality is discussed as a radicalization of a rational sociality, characteristic for modern society. The discussion takes the form of a dialectic critique of modern dualistic theories, proposing a triadic (dialectic) alternative for understanding basic forms of sociality and social relations. The vague notion of intimacy as a concept suited to characterize social life in contemporary western society is supported by this proposition.

The following thesis describes and analyses the representation of lung cancer in the Canadian print media. The thesis employs a theoretical framework comprised of Giddens’ theory of reflexivity and Goffman’s theory of framing, to understand the social dynamics of negotiation behind the disease’s portrayal in the media, in a late modern context. Late modernity was defined by institutional reflexivity and a focus on understanding and mitigating risk. The research was conducted through a content analysis and examined quantitative trends that contributed to a subsequent qualitative interpretation. The results show that the coverage of lung cancer decreased over time. The analysis shows a discourse of a biomedical institution that has unsuccessfully controlled the disease, a lack of patient advocacy, particularly among celebrities, and a continued conflation of smoking behaviour and lung cancer, all of which contributed to the decreasing coverage. The framing processes point to a society focused on understanding risk through studying the disease’s causes, as well as one concerned with legislative debate and behavioural prevention. The emergence of a frame focused on the patient’s lived experience might contribute to an improved representation of the disease.

Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka hur den senmoderna människans åsikter yttrar siggällande utbildning, arbete, fritidssysselsättning, resor, konsumtion och tro. Vidare vill jag undersöka ifall informanterna och deras åsikter kan kopplas samman med Mary Douglas teorier om kulturella typer och hur det yttrar sig. Jag vill även analysera om de är klassificerbara som David Brooks nyligen introducerade typ, BoBos. Slutligen vill jag undersöka huruvida mina informanter är typiska för dagens senmoderna samhälle. Den slutsats jag kom fram till var att informanterna är typiska för dagens senmoderna samhälle och att har de karaktäristiska drag som med fördel kan hänvisas till BoBos. De är individualistiska, relativistiska och delvis paradoxala, vilket också är tydligt i deras åsikter om hur de själva kan kategoriseras som grupp. / The purpose of this study is to examine how the late modern man's opinions manifest themselves with regards to education, work, leisure, travel, consumption and faith. Furthermore, I examine whether the informants and their views may be linked to Mary Douglas's cultural theory of cultural types. I also want to analyze whether they are classifiable as David Brooks` recently introduced type, BoBos. Finally, I examine whether my informantsare typical of today's late modern society. The conclusion I came to was that the informants are typical of today's late modern society and that they usefully can be referred to as BoBos. They are individualistic, relativistic and partly paradoxical, which is apparent in their views of themselves as being classifiable as a group.

Cette thèse propose une étude comparative des œuvres de Pierre Bergounioux et de Peter Kurzeck. Il s’agit d’interroger la relation entre les réalités socioculturelles, géographiques et historiques des régions d’enfance des auteurs et le contexte de l’extrême contemporain, qui tend à l’uniformisation du monde. Le microcosme du lieu d’origine, ancré dans un terroir qui engendre des traits culturels et langagiers locaux, se lit comme un lieu universel. Ce dernier, bien que localisé géographiquement et précisément nommé, devient l’endroit réel et figuré d’un état désormais révolu de l’humanité qui s’oppose à un autre lieu universel : le non-lieu standardisé. Il s’agira de confronter les vertus élémentaires de la mémoire longue aux traits caractéristiques de l’époque surmoderne, c’est-à-dire l’homogénéisation de l’espace, l’accélération du temps et l’individualisme croissant. La réalité surmoderne semble se trouver au-dessus des facultés cognitives de l’homme, qui peine à ordonner les données instables de celle-ci. La construction du sujet autobiographique doit donc faire face aux derniers archaïsmes, ainsi qu’à la « liberté périlleuse » (U. Beck) d’une existence détachée de l’origine. L’écriture mémorielle assure tour à tour la continuité du sujet, œuvre en faveur de la communauté perdue et tente de livrer, à travers un passé revisité, une analyse lucide du monde contemporain qui s’adresse à un lecteur perdu. En reproduisant le flottement de la mémoire entre souvenir et oubli, l’écrit littéraire se pense comme une contre-proposition face à la « mondialisation de la mémoire » (H. Rousso) qui engendre un rapport similaire au passé, celui, paradoxal, d’un oubli accéléré et d’une nostalgie excessive. / This thesis offers a comparative study of the works of Pierre Bergounioux and Peter Kurzeck. Its aim is to question the relationship between the sociocultural, geographical and historical features of the regions where these writers spent their respective childhoods and the context of the “extreme contemporary”, which tends towards a standardisation of the world. The microcosm of the place of origin, rooted in a local setting which goes hand in hand with a set of local cultural and linguistic elements, is depicted as a universal place. This place, albeit geographically localised and specifically named, becomes both literally and figuratively the location of a now bygone state of mankind which clashes with another universal place: the standardised “non-place”. This study will bring face to face the fundamental virtues of long-term historical memory and the distinctive features of the “supermodern” period, that is to say homogenisation of space, acceleration of time and growing individualism. The supermodern reality seems to be located above the cognitive faculties of human beings, who have trouble putting its unstable data in order. The construction of the autobiographical subject therefore has to face the last remaining archaisms, as well as the “hazardous freedom” (U. Beck) of an existence cut from its origin. The writing of memory successively allows for a continuity of the subject, works in favour of the lost community, and tries to provide the bewildered reader with a sound analysis of the contemporary world by revisiting the past. By reproducing the wavering of memory between remembrance and forgetfulness, literary writing envisions itself as a counter-proposition to the “globalisation of memory” (H. Rousso) which brings about a similar, paradoxical relationship to the past, characterised by accelerated forgetfulness and excessive nostalgia.

The following thesis describes and analyses the representation of lung cancer in the Canadian print media. The thesis employs a theoretical framework comprised of Giddens’ theory of reflexivity and Goffman’s theory of framing, to understand the social dynamics of negotiation behind the disease’s portrayal in the media, in a late modern context. Late modernity was defined by institutional reflexivity and a focus on understanding and mitigating risk. The research was conducted through a content analysis and examined quantitative trends that contributed to a subsequent qualitative interpretation. The results show that the coverage of lung cancer decreased over time. The analysis shows a discourse of a biomedical institution that has unsuccessfully controlled the disease, a lack of patient advocacy, particularly among celebrities, and a continued conflation of smoking behaviour and lung cancer, all of which contributed to the decreasing coverage. The framing processes point to a society focused on understanding risk through studying the disease’s causes, as well as one concerned with legislative debate and behavioural prevention. The emergence of a frame focused on the patient’s lived experience might contribute to an improved representation of the disease.

As the notion of digitalisation make its way further into our lives and society, the educational system must modernise – digitalise – in order to stay relevant. But where is the digitalised school heading? Drawing on governmental policy documents associated with Sweden’s national digitalisation strategy, the study aims to emphasise the political dimension of the strategy in order to analyse more fundamental questions regarding the idea and ideological function of the Swedish educational system in the late modern age. Thus, the analysis follows a conceptual framework of mainly Giddens (1991) late modernity theory in order to shed light on the strategy from the angle of Giddens institutionalised tripartite dynamics of social change: time-space distanciation, disembedding mechanisms and institutional reflexivity. Key findings are that the concept of digitalisation often is formulated as an incentive for stimulating market dynamics, retaining reflexivity and disembedding knowledge. In other words, to preserve and proceed the very nature of the late modern state, through the educational system and its student.

Denna avhandling tillämpar Anthony Giddens teori om sen-modernitet på gymnasieutbildningen, och i synnerhet dess inverkan på föreställningarna om ’jaget’ och självidentiteten. Den ger svar på den didaktiska frågan ”till vem?”. Dess avsikt är att förstå eleverna på en existentiell nivå, och att förstå hur de påverkas av den samtida världen. Giddens bok från 1991, Modernity and Self Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age, används som teoretiska ramverket. Denna avhandling har två delar. I den första delen genomför jag ett läroplansanalys av den svenska gymnasieskolan från 1970 till 2022 och tolkar läroplanerna genom sen-modernitetens teoretiska ramar. Detta visar hur villkoren för ’högmodernitet’ återspeglas i läroplanen, vilket motiverar att överväga hur dessa förhållanden påverkar våra elevers självidentitet och vad detta betyder för undervisningen. I den andra delen utvecklar jag en didaktisk modell som kan vara till hjälp i vår undervisning då den ger klarhet om eleven under sen-moderniteten. / This thesis applies Anthony Gidden’s theory of late modernity to upper secondary school education and, in particular, its impact on the notions of the self and self-identity. It provides an answer to the didactic question “to whom?”. The intent is to understand the students at an existential level, and to understand how they are affected by the contemporary world. Giddens’ 1991 book, Modernity and Self Identity: Self and Society in the Late Modern Age, is used as the theoretical framework. This thesis has two parts. In the first, I carry out a curriculum study of Swedish upper secondary school from 1970 to 2022 and interpret the curricula through the theoretical framework of late modernity. This shows how the conditions of ‘high modernity’ are reflected in the curriculum, which justifies considering how these conditions impact on the self-identity of our students and what this means for teaching. In the second part, I develop a didactic model that can assist in our teaching as it provides clarity on the student in late modernity.